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The Content of Contemporary, Mainstream Pornography: A Literature Review of Content Analytic Studies 当代主流色情的内容——内容分析研究的文献综述
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.2019648
Dan J. Miller, K. McBain
Abstract This paper provides a narrative review of recent studies (2005–2020) into the content of contemporary, mainstream pornography. Sex acts, such as vaginal sex, fellatio, and external ejaculation are ubiquitous within mainstream pornography. Cunnilingus, solo masturbation, or masturbation of a partner are all also relatively common. Condom use is infrequently depicted. While extreme sexual violence (e.g., rape) is rare, acts which some would consider to be violent (e.g., spanking) are common. Women in pornography typically enthusiastically engage in all sexual requests. Findings around the degradation of women are mixed. On some measures, men in pornography are more agentic than women; on other measures, the reverse is true.
摘要本文对最近(2005-2020)对当代主流色情内容的研究进行了叙述性回顾。性行为,如阴道性交、口交和外部射精,在主流色情作品中无处不在。Cunnilingus、单独手淫或伴侣手淫也相对常见。避孕套的使用很少被描述。虽然极端性暴力(如强奸)很少见,但一些人认为是暴力的行为(如打屁股)很常见。从事色情工作的妇女通常会热情地参与所有的性要求。关于妇女退化的调查结果喜忧参半。从某些方面来看,色情作品中的男性比女性更具能动性;在其他衡量标准上,情况正好相反。
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引用次数: 14
Exploring the Interpretation of Medical Students of the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale 医学生性态度简量表解读初探
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.2016524
Bryan L Williams, Elizabeth Duda, Keziah Daniels, J. S. Schneider
Abstract Effectively addressing the sexual health concerns of patients is critical to supporting and improving overall health for individuals and communities. This study aimed to collect validity evidence for use of the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale (BSAS) in a sexual health curriculum among undergraduate medical students. A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted with three focus groups of medical students. Early findings indicate the need to modify the current version of the instrument to make it more useful to learners. A modified BSAS survey could help students understand their own perspectives about sexuality and how their perspectives influence their ability to provide non-judgmental patient care.
摘要有效解决患者的性健康问题对于支持和改善个人和社区的整体健康至关重要。本研究旨在收集医学本科生在性健康课程中使用简短性态度量表(BSAS)的有效性证据。对三组医学生进行了定性专题分析。早期研究结果表明,有必要修改该工具的当前版本,使其对学习者更有用。一项经过修改的BSAS调查可以帮助学生了解他们自己对性的看法,以及他们的看法如何影响他们提供非评判性患者护理的能力。
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引用次数: 0
African American College Women’s Preferences for Sexual Health Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis 非裔美国大学生性健康干预偏好的定性分析
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.2006846
Vanessa J. Marshall, T. McLaurin-Jones, Maudry-Beverley Lashley
Abstract Sexually transmitted infections among college students are a major public health concern and disproportionately impact minority students. The purpose of this study is to examine perceptions, expectations, and preferences for university-based interventions to increase condom negotiating skills among African American college women. One hundred women attending an urban minority institution participated in a qualitative study. A content data analysis allowed for emerging themes across the aggregated data collected from thirteen focus groups. Findings revealed several suggestions to reduce the stigma that cluster around three themes including condom distribution, sexual health education, and women-centered culturally competent health care. The burden of sexual and reproductive health challenges among young adults involves the need for effective prevention and interventions.
摘要:大学生性传播感染是一个重要的公共卫生问题,少数民族学生的感染率尤其高。本研究的目的是研究非裔美国女大学生对以大学为基础的干预措施提高安全套谈判技巧的看法、期望和偏好。在一个城市少数民族机构就读的100名妇女参加了一项定性研究。内容数据分析允许从13个焦点小组收集的汇总数据中出现新主题。调查结果揭示了一些减少耻辱感的建议,这些建议集中在三个主题上,包括避孕套分发、性健康教育和以妇女为中心的文化主管卫生保健。青年人的性健康和生殖健康挑战的负担涉及需要有效的预防和干预措施。
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引用次数: 1
“This Can Be a Powerful Tool”: Peer Sexuality Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic “这可以成为一个强大的工具”:COVID-19大流行期间的同伴性教育
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.2002224
J. Bowling, Mary-Lynn Glenn, Cameron K. Davis, H. Dinkins, Gerald Branden Mabe, Cody Williams
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in shifts in college education and subsequently peer sexuality education for college students. We examine one case study of a peer sexuality education group’s challenges and benefits of navigating from in-person to online sexuality education work. We include reflexive journal entries from past and current members (n = 5), a survey from past and current members (n = 4), and organizational artifacts. We find challenges from both the peer education work itself and within the organization as well as benefits of accessibility and addressing marginalized topics in online spaces. Our findings suggest that future virtual peer education may require strong infrastructure and virtual education skills.
新冠肺炎疫情导致高校教育和大学生同侪性教育发生转变。我们研究了一个同伴性教育小组的挑战和从面对面到在线性教育工作的好处的案例研究。我们包括来自过去和当前成员的反射性日志条目(n = 5),来自过去和当前成员的调查(n = 4),以及组织工件。我们发现来自同伴教育工作本身和组织内部的挑战,以及可访问性和解决在线空间中边缘化话题的好处。我们的研究结果表明,未来的虚拟同伴教育可能需要强大的基础设施和虚拟教育技能。
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引用次数: 1
Podcasts and Their Potential to Improve Sexual Health Literacy in Adolescents and Young Adults 播客及其提高青少年性健康素养的潜力
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.1987365
Andrew Porter, S. Cooper, P. C. Palmedo, N. Wojtowicz, Julia Chong, Marissa J. Maddalon
Abstract Low health literacy poses many problems in the public health field and is linked to numerous negative health outcomes, including STIs and unplanned pregnancies. While many interventions focus on giving adolescents and young adults access to comprehensive sex education, these interventions do not necessarily improve sexual health literacy, which is a major asset to improving sexual health. Learning the skills to access, understand, and use sexual health information can compensate for the deficit of comprehensive sex education in the U.S. and worldwide. One innovative way this issue can be addressed is through the use of educational sexual health podcasts. Podcasts are a proven, effective tool to disseminate health information to a large population of people. They can be particularly useful in increasing sexual health literacy by increasing access by eliminating logistical barriers and embarrassment and confidentiality issues.
摘要健康知识水平低在公共卫生领域造成了许多问题,并与许多负面健康结果有关,包括性传播感染和计划外怀孕。虽然许多干预措施侧重于让青少年和年轻人获得全面的性教育,但这些干预措施并不一定能提高性健康素养,而性健康素养是改善性健康的主要资产。学习获取、理解和使用性健康信息的技能可以弥补美国和世界各地全面性教育的不足。解决这个问题的一种创新方式是使用教育性健康播客。播客是向广大人民传播健康信息的一种行之有效的工具。它们可以通过消除后勤障碍、尴尬和保密问题来增加性健康知识的获取,从而在提高性健康知识方面特别有用。
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引用次数: 2
Sex Ed Lessons from COVID-19 新冠肺炎性教育课程
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.1975592
Lori A. Rolleri Insignares, Tanya M. Bass, B. Taverner
Abstract In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States was brought to a virtual standstill. National, state, and local governments, as well as the private sector, took stark measures to stem new cases of COVID-19 and “flatten the curve.” Among these measures were the closure of in-person classes at schools and universities and reduced access to in-person health care services. During the summer of 2020, the authors conducted an open-ended online survey with a convenience sample of sexuality educators, asking about their professional experiences in teaching sexuality education during the height of the pandemic. This article summarizes eight major themes that surfaced from a systematic analysis of the survey data and the authors’ commentary and lists of tips for teaching sexuality education virtually. Despite a multitude of challenges presented by the pandemic, sexuality educators found innovative ways to reach youth and adults with information and skills needed to make healthy decisions about their sexual health, link them to services, and advocate on their behalf.
摘要在新冠肺炎大流行的最初几个月,美国几乎陷入停滞。国家、州和地方政府以及私营部门采取了严厉措施,遏制新冠肺炎新增病例,并“拉平曲线”。这些措施包括关闭学校和大学的住院课程,减少获得住院医疗服务的机会。2020年夏天,作者对性教育工作者进行了一项开放式在线调查,询问他们在疫情最严重时期从事性教育教学的专业经验。本文总结了对调查数据的系统分析、作者的评论以及虚拟性教育教学技巧列表中出现的八个主要主题。尽管新冠疫情带来了诸多挑战,但性教育者找到了创新的方法,为青年和成年人提供所需的信息和技能,让他们对性健康做出健康的决定,将他们与服务联系起来,并代表他们进行宣传。
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引用次数: 8
Comprehensive Sexuality Education to Reduce Pregnancy and STIs in Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 美国青少年减少妊娠和性传播感染的综合性教育:系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2080140
Amy L. Bordogna, Amanda C. Coyle, Rupa Nallamothu, Alina L. Manko, R. Yen
Abstract The United States has a higher rate of teen pregnancy than any other developed country with 30% of American girls becoming pregnant before the age of 20. Laws regarding the inclusion and content of sexuality education vary across the country, which are associated with differences in pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates between states. This systematic review aims to determine whether comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is more effective than abstinence-only or no sexuality education at reducing teenage pregnancy. Secondary objectives include analyzing the effect of CSE on STI incidence, sexual activity, safe-sex behaviors, and social discomfort. We searched multiple databases for studies published from 1990 to 2021. Twenty-nine studies met our inclusion criteria. Seven included pregnancy as an outcome, with three fitting our meta-analysis criteria. There was a decrease in pregnancy rates for participants in the CSE intervention compared to the control (n = 3, risk ratio = 0.89, 95%CI 0.79–1.00, I2 = 0%). We found that CSE is likely to reduce pregnancy rates; however, there was limited data available on this outcome. CSE increased safe-sex behaviors but did not have a notable impact on sexual activity or STIs. This review can serve as evidence for the implementation of CSE in the US.
摘要美国青少年怀孕率高于任何其他发达国家,30%的美国女孩在20岁前怀孕。全国各地关于性教育内容和内容的法律各不相同,这与各州之间怀孕率和性传播感染率的差异有关。这项系统综述旨在确定在减少青少年怀孕方面,综合性教育(CSE)是否比仅禁欲或不性教育更有效。次要目标包括分析CSE对STI发病率、性活动、安全性行为和社会不适的影响。我们在多个数据库中搜索了1990年至2021年发表的研究。29项研究符合我们的纳入标准。其中7项包括妊娠作为结果,其中3项符合我们的荟萃分析标准。与对照组相比,CSE干预组的妊娠率有所下降(n = 3,风险比=0.89,95%CI 0.79–1.00,I2=0%)。我们发现CSE可能会降低妊娠率;然而,关于这一结果的可用数据有限。CSE增加了安全性行为,但对性活动或性传播感染没有显著影响。这项审查可以作为在美国实施CSE的证据。
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引用次数: 2
A Case Study Evaluating Youth Acceptability of Using the Connect – a Sexuality Education Game-Based Learning Program 评估青少年接受性教育游戏学习计划的个案研究
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-09-19 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.1971128
Christi H. Esquivel, K. Wilson, W. Garney, E. B. McNeill, D. McMaughan, Sydney Brown, Taylor Graves-Boswell
Abstract Game-based learning offers an interactive and effective way to teach health content and skills. This article discusses feasibility testing of Using the Connect (UTC), an innovative, game-based sexuality education program to evaluate its acceptability among youth. Utilizing mixed methods in a single case study design, qualitative and quantitative data was collected from youth (surveys, facilitated discussions, and observations). Qualitative data triangulated quantitative findings that youth liked the program design, felt the games and content were relatable, and learned knowledge and skills around adolescent development, accessing information, communication, and making healthy decisions through playing the games. Overall, UTC was highly acceptable to the youth; they had fun and learned information and skills. Not only would most participants recommend the program to friends, all reported they would participate in the program again and use the information they learned in the future.
基于游戏的学习提供了一种互动和有效的方式来教授健康内容和技能。本文讨论了使用连接(UTC)的可行性测试,这是一个创新的,基于游戏的性教育计划,以评估其在青少年中的可接受性。在单一案例研究设计中使用混合方法,从青年中收集定性和定量数据(调查,促进讨论和观察)。定性数据对定量结果进行了三角分析,发现青少年喜欢项目设计,觉得游戏和内容具有相关性,并通过玩游戏学习了有关青少年发展、获取信息、交流和做出健康决策的知识和技能。总体而言,青少年对UTC的接受度很高;他们玩得很开心,学习了信息和技能。大多数参与者不仅会向朋友推荐这个项目,而且所有人都表示他们会再次参加这个项目,并在未来使用他们学到的信息。
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引用次数: 2
Sexological Worldview Development Explained by the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity 跨文化敏感性发展模型对性别世界观发展的解释
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.1960665
Justin A. Sitron, Lindsay Lock
Abstract Sexological worldview is the lens through which someone sees and makes meaning of the sexual world around them. The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) may be a useful tool in operationalizing cultural humility and responsiveness to sexological differences. This research explored whether the DMIS explains the stages of someone’s sexological worldview development across a continuum of dualist to relativist perspectives and ways of interacting with others who are similar or different. The lead author interviewed 30 sexuality professionals and students in the US and found that the participants’ sexological worldview development could be explained using the DMIS framework. We discuss the use of the DMIS for the future design of Sexuality Attitudes Reassessment (SAR) programs, a type of training required in the credentialing of sexologists, and the measurement of SAR training outcomes as they pertain to cultural humility and responsiveness. Future research should focus on the development of an empirical instrument to measure sexological worldview development and SAR educators should create new, or align existing, training activities to match their SAR participants’ worldview development.
性学世界观是人们观察和理解周围性世界的视角。跨文化敏感性的发展模型(DMIS)可能是一个有用的工具,在操作文化谦卑和性学差异的反应。这项研究探讨了DMIS是否解释了一个人的性学世界观发展的各个阶段,从二元主义到相对主义的观点,以及与相似或不同的人互动的方式。主要作者在美国采访了30名性学专业人士和学生,发现参与者的性学世界观发展可以用DMIS框架来解释。我们讨论了DMIS在性态度再评估(SAR)项目的未来设计中的使用,这是性学家资格认证所需的一种培训,以及SAR培训结果的测量,因为它们与文化谦逊和反应性有关。未来的研究应侧重于开发一种测量性学世界观发展的实证工具,特别行政区教育工作者应创造新的或调整现有的培训活动,以适应其特别行政区参与者的世界观发展。
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引用次数: 0
Mother-Son Communication about Sex: Exploring Associations with Emerging Adult Sons’ Sexual Self-Esteem, Anxiety, and Satisfaction 关于性的母子交流:探讨成年男孩的性自尊、性焦虑和性满足的关系
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2021.1959474
A. Denes, J. P. Crowley, Laurel P. Gibson, Emily L. Hamlin
Abstract Parent-child communication about sex and sexuality during adolescence may have long-lasting effects on children’s sexual self-concept and sexual health. As such, the present study explored the connection between mother-son communication about sex and sexuality while growing up and emerging adult sons’ sexual well-being. The sample consisted of 137 sexually active men between the ages of 18 and 23. The findings revealed that open mother-son communication was negatively associated with sons’ sexual anxiety and positively associated with sons’ sexual satisfaction, but that sons’ sexual self-esteem and anxiety did not account for the association between mother-son communication and sons’ sexual satisfaction. These findings provide preliminary evidence that sons’ perception that their mother provided an open and non-judgmental communication environment for discussing sex during adolescence is associated with positive sexual outcomes for emerging adult sons later in life. These findings and their implications are explored through the lens of communication privacy management theory.
青少年期亲子性交流对儿童性自我概念和性健康有长期影响。因此,本研究探讨了母子在成长过程中关于性和性行为的交流与成年男孩的性健康之间的联系。样本包括137名年龄在18岁到23岁之间的性活跃男性。结果发现,开放的母子沟通与儿子的性焦虑呈负相关,与儿子的性满足呈正相关,但儿子的性自尊和性焦虑并不能解释母子沟通与儿子的性满足之间的关系。这些发现提供了初步证据,表明儿子认为母亲在青春期为讨论性提供了一个开放和非评判性的交流环境,这与成年后儿子的积极性行为结果有关。这些发现及其意义是通过通信隐私管理理论的镜头进行探讨。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
American Journal of Sexuality Education
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