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Brain aromatase modulates cardiac functions in embryonic zebrafish 脑芳香化酶调节胚胎斑马鱼的心脏功能
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2019.1675287
Z. S. Ulhaq
ABSTRACT Oestradiol (E2) is known as a female reproductive hormone with pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system. Local E2 biosynthesis such as in the brain and myocardial cells have important physiological and pathophysiological roles. E2 production is catalysed by aromatase (Aro) enzyme. In teleost, two Aro isoforms are distinctly expressed in the ovary and brain. In this study, the role of brain Aro (AroB) in modulating cardiovascular system is investigated. AroB MO-mediated knockdown decreased ventricular functions. Moreover, embryos injected with AroB MO displays a sign in developing heart failure. All the effects caused by AroB MO were partially reversed by exposure to E2. Taken together, this study demonstrates the role of AroB in modulating normal cardiovascular function in zebrafish embryos.
雌二醇(E2)是一种女性生殖激素,对心血管系统具有多效性作用。E2在脑和心肌细胞等局部生物合成中具有重要的生理和病理生理作用。E2的产生由芳香化酶(Aro)酶催化。在硬骨鱼中,两个Aro亚型在卵巢和脑中有明显的表达。本研究探讨脑阿罗蛋白(AroB)在调节心血管系统中的作用。arobmo介导的敲低降低了心室功能。此外,注射了AroB MO的胚胎显示出心力衰竭的迹象。暴露于E2可部分逆转AroB - MO引起的所有影响。综上所述,本研究证明了AroB在调节斑马鱼胚胎正常心血管功能中的作用。
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引用次数: 11
An Update on the Status of BVD Control and Eradication in Europe 欧洲BVD控制和根除现状的最新进展
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2325-4645.1000041
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) is of major economic importance globally. Since the costs of BVD, both direct and indirect, have become increasingly recognised many European countries have evaluated the cost: benefit of implementing BVD control measures. Following on from the success of the first large-scale BVD eradication programmes, launched in the Scandinavian countries in the 1990’s, many countries currently have national or regional, mandatory or voluntary eradication schemes underway. BVD control programmes are constantly evolving and adapting according to evaluation of their progress and to countryspecific factors. However there is no one source from which to review the current status of BVD control across Europe; this paper provides an up-to-date overview of BVD eradication in Europe. Lucy V A Metcalfe* Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Germany *Address for Correspondence Lucy V A Metcalfe, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Binger Straße 173, 55216 Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany, Tel: +49 (6132) 77-171317; Mobil: +49 (151) 68948261; Fax: +49 (6132) 72-171371; E-mail: lucy.metcalfe@boehringer-ingelheim.com Submission: 28 February, 2019 Accepted: 05 April, 2019 Published: 09 April, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Metcalfe LVA, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Review Article Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Medicine
牛病毒性腹泻(BVD)在全球具有重要的经济意义。由于人们越来越认识到BVD的直接和间接成本,许多欧洲国家对实施BVD控制措施的成本效益进行了评估。继20世纪90年代在斯堪的纳维亚国家发起的第一次大规模根除BVD规划取得成功之后,许多国家目前正在实施国家或区域、强制性或自愿性的根除计划。生物多样性疾病控制规划正在根据对其进展的评价和国家具体因素不断发展和调整。然而,没有一个来源可以审查整个欧洲BVD控制的现状;这篇论文提供了在欧洲根除BVD的最新概述。Lucy V A Metcalfe, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Binger straß ß 173, 55216 Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany, Tel: +49 (6132) 77-171317;移动电话:+49 (151)68948261;传真:+49 (6132)72-171371;E-mail: lucy.metcalfe@boehringer-ingelheim.com投稿:2019年2月28日接收:2019年4月05日发布:2019年4月09日版权所有:©2019 Metcalfe LVA, et al。这是一篇在知识共享署名许可下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制,只要原始作品被适当引用。开放获取兽医科学与医学杂志
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引用次数: 8
Alighting Dipterous Insects on Cattle are Associated to Contaminative Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease During Epidemics in Ngaoundere- Cameroon 在喀麦隆恩oundere流行期间,落在牛身上的双翅昆虫与口蹄疫的污染传播有关
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2325-4645.1000043
S. Lendzele
This study was designed to identify the landing preference sites of common hematophagous symbovine Dipterans and relate it to the FMD shedding sites. Three sets of zebu Goudali (from the DFG-COBE project herd) of different colors (black, brown and white) of same ages were restrained to sticks. Observations were made in October/November 2016 (seven days consecutively) and January 2017 (7days consecutively). Data from literature on FMDV infectious doses (TCID50/ml) shedding areas in clinical cases was used to map such sites on cattle and associate it to the landing predilection sites of hematophagous dipterous insects. The total number of observed biting insects on cattle was 26779 and the following fly-groups were identified in order of magnitude: Stomoxys (17453), culicids (8925), Simulium (293), Chrysops (74) and Tabanus (34). Chrysops preferred biting front legs. Culicids preferred biting around legs and neck. Tabanus preferred biting around head and legs. Stomoxys preferred biting around neck and legs. The neck and legs were body parts with the highest insect-vector frequency. The alighting predilection of each insect-group differed statistically (P<0.05). From the association test, an important number of each insect group was associated to at least one of the FMD contamination spots on cattle, but Stomoxys and culicids had a higher propensity of being contaminated as compared to others based on their high landing numbers on the exposed animals. Sevidzem Silas Lendzele1,2*, Jacques François Mavoungou2,3, Zinga-Koumba Roland Christophe2,3, M’batchi Betrand4
本研究旨在确定常见的食血同牛双翅目动物的着陆偏好位点,并将其与口蹄疫的传播位点联系起来。对3只相同年龄、不同颜色(黑、棕、白)的瘤胃Goudali(来自DFG-COBE项目群)进行了棍棒约束。观测时间为2016年10月/ 11月(连续7天)和2017年1月(连续7天)。利用有关临床病例中口蹄疫病毒感染剂量(TCID50/ml)脱落区域的文献数据,在牛身上绘制这些位点,并将其与嗜血双翅虫的着陆偏好位点联系起来。在牛身上观察到的咬人昆虫总数为26779只,鉴定出的蝇类类群依次为:Stomoxys(17453只)、culicides(8925只)、Simulium(293只)、Chrysops(74只)和Tabanus(34只)。菊花喜欢咬前腿。库蠓更喜欢叮咬腿部和颈部。Tabanus喜欢咬头部和腿部。口鼻龙更喜欢咬脖子和腿。颈部和腿部是昆虫媒介频率最高的身体部位。各组昆虫对羽化的偏好差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从关联检验来看,每个昆虫类群都有一定数量的昆虫与牛身上的至少一个口蹄疫污染点相关,但由于它们在暴露动物身上的数量较多,因此与其他昆虫类群相比,气孔虫和杀虫具有更高的被污染倾向。Sevidzem Silas lendzele1,2 *, Jacques franois mavoungou2,3, Zinga-Koumba Roland christophe2,3, M 'batchi Betrand4
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引用次数: 2
Role of Vectors and Climate Change on the Epidemiology of Rift Valley Fever 媒介和气候变化在裂谷热流行病学中的作用
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2325-4645.1000040
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging viral zoonosis that causes frequent outbreaks in east Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula. It’s caused by Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) of genus phlebovirus, which is a high priority pathogen because of its economic and public health importance. It can cause miscarriage in pregnant animals and a high mortality in young animals and in human RVF causes a severe infl uenza like illness. The major outbreaks of the disease have been reported to occur throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt, in the Middle East (Saudi Arabia and Yemen) and the island of Madagascar. Its occurrence is highly associated with the effect of the warm phase of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon which resulted in abnormal heavy rainfall which in turn allow fl ooding of the vector’s habitat. Transmission of RVF during the endemic cycles requires the involvement of Aedes mosquito species which serve as the primary maintenance vectors of the disease. Infected Aedes species transmit the virus transovarially to their eggs. The egg of these endemic vectors remains viable during dry period for long periods. Then, following period of abnormally heavy rainfall fl ooding of their habitat occurs and the eggs start to hatch and then generating infected mosquito species. These hatched mosquito species start to disseminate the virus to nearby animals followed by other biting mosquito (Culex and Anopheles) which in turn feed on the blood of viremic animals and contribute to the epidemic transmission of virus, serve as secondary amplifi er of the virus. Immunization of animals, destruction of mosquitoes and restriction on the movement of animals during epizootic can help in the control of RVF. The likelihood of RVF global expansion is due to climate change and environmental modifi cation is an important issue. Thus, great focus is needed to deal on the infl uence of climate change on the vector population and their effect on the occurrence of the disease. Begna Bulcha Guta1, Mehari Tarafa2, Samson leta Regassa3* 123Department of Biomedical Science, Addis Ababa University, college of veterinary medicine, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. *Address for Correspondence Samson Leta Regassa, Department of Biomedical Science, Addis Ababa University, college of veterinary medicine.Bishoftu, Ethiopia. Email: samiwude@gmail.com Submission: 02 March, 2019 Accepted: 04 April, 2019 Published: 06 April, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Regassa SL, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Review Article Open Access
裂谷热是一种新出现的病毒性人畜共患病,经常在东非和阿拉伯半岛暴发。它是由白蛉病毒属裂谷热病毒(RVFV)引起的,由于其在经济和公共卫生方面的重要性,裂谷热病毒是一种高度优先的病原体。裂谷热可导致怀孕动物流产,幼畜和人的死亡率很高,可导致严重的流感样疾病。据报告,该疾病的重大暴发发生在撒哈拉以南非洲大部分地区、埃及、中东(沙特阿拉伯和也门)和马达加斯加岛。它的发生与厄尔尼诺/南方涛动(ENSO)现象暖期的影响密切相关,这种现象导致异常的强降雨,进而导致病媒栖息地被洪水淹没。在流行周期中,裂谷热的传播需要伊蚊的参与,而伊蚊是该疾病的主要维持媒介。受感染的伊蚊将病毒经卵巢传播到它们的卵上。这些地方性病媒的卵在干旱时期长时间保持活力。然后,在接下来的一段时间里,反常的大雨会淹没它们的栖息地,卵开始孵化,然后产生受感染的蚊子物种。这些孵化出的蚊子开始将病毒传播给附近的动物,然后是其他叮咬蚊子(库蚊和按蚊),它们反过来以病毒血症动物的血液为食,并作为病毒的二级扩增者,促进病毒的流行传播。在动物流行期间,对动物进行免疫接种、消灭蚊子和限制动物的流动可有助于控制裂谷热。裂谷热在全球蔓延的可能性是由于气候变化和环境改变是一个重要问题。因此,需要高度重视气候变化对病媒种群的影响及其对疾病发生的影响。Begna Bulcha Guta1, Mehari taraf2, Samson leta Regassa3* 123亚的斯亚贝巴大学生物医学科学系,埃塞俄比亚比索霍夫图兽医学院*通信地址Samson Leta Regassa,亚的斯亚贝巴大学兽医学院生物医学科学系。Bishoftu,埃塞俄比亚。电子邮件:samiwude@gmail.com投稿:2019年3月02日接收:2019年4月04日发布:2019年4月06日版权所有:©2019 Regassa SL, et al.。这是一篇在知识共享署名许可下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制,只要原始作品被适当引用。开放获取
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引用次数: 0
Lanametric Determination of the Alpaca Fiber (Vicugna Pacos) in Tucayta, Province of Cañar 图卡塔省(Cañar)羊驼毛纤维的层拉光度测定
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2325-4645.1000042
L. Raggi
Alpaca fiber (Vicugna pacos) is classified as one of the finest animal fibers in the world, after the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna). Therefore, they are highly valued fibers by the textile industry. Its valuation is determined, among other variables, by fineness, which indicates its quality. To analyze some of the textile characteristics of these fibers, Optical-based Fibre Diameter Analyser 2000; (OFDA) equipment was used, in which it was possible to determine the average fiber diameter, length, and comfort factor. These characteristics were analyzed based on the variables of sex, age, color of the fleece, and body region. For this study, a multifactorial ANOVA was applied under a completely randomized design, and the R Project software was used. For separation of means, the Bonferroni test was used (P<0.05). The correlations between parameters were evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results were: mean fiber diameter 22.6 μm ± 5.2; mean fiber length 60.8 mm, and mean comfort factor 86.8 %. In this way, the fibers analyzed are within the Baby alpaca category, cataloged fibers of better quality, with a high percentage of comfort factors. Additionally, it was observed that age, the body region and the fleece color directly influence the textile characteristics such as diameter, length and comfort factor; parameters that are very significant in the valuation of fiber for commercial purposes. In addition, the measurements could be used to compare with alpaca fiber used by native peoples in order to know the variations in these parameters over the centuries and to establish possible mechanisms to determine the origin of the fiber used in the ancient textiles. Simbaina Solano JC1* and Luis Raggi2 1University of Azuay, Ecuador 2Lanimetry Laboratory, FAVET, University of Chile, Chile *Address for Correspondence Simbaina Solano JC, Assistant researcher “Azuay University”, Cuenca, Ecuador. Lanimetry Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, Chile, Email: austrogenetica@gmail.com Submission: 24-May-2019 Accepted: 28-June-2019 Published: 02-July-2019 Copyright: © 2019 Simbaina Solano JC, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Article Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Medicine Introduction In the province of Cañar (located in the southern Ecuadorian region) alpaca breeding is used for fiber (hair) and meat production [1]. This camelid raising is encouraged by government agencies (MAG), which promote alpaca raising for family and large-scale herds. Alpaca raising constitutes a means of livelihood for native farmer’s families [2]. Alpacas are one of the four South American camelids (SAC) [3]. They take advantage of lands in geographical zones and extreme environmental conditions, where agricu
本研究的目的是了解华卡亚羊驼毛纤维的特性,如平均纤维直径(FD),平均纤维长度(FL)和平均舒适系数(CF,纤维的百分比等于或小于30微米)。确定了性别、年龄、被毛颜色、身体部位对纤维质量的影响等具体指标。本研究工作在TUCAYTA农场进行,该农场位于厄瓜多尔南部Cañar省Patococha地区,海拔2738米,最低气温11°C,最高气温19°C,平均降水量636毫米/年,湿度94%,风速高达7公里/小时[9,10]。从200头羊驼的头中,随机选择了70头不同性别的年轻羊驼和成年羊驼。所有被研究动物的体重、年龄、性别和肤色等数据都是事先获得并登记的。从身体的三个不同区域获得毛发样本:桨叶、中肋骨和臀部[11]。因此,每只动物收集了大约10克的纤维样品。随后,放入经过适当鉴定的塑料袋中,在智利圣地亚哥的智利大学兽医和动物科学学院的lanameter实验室进行进一步的OFDA分析。所得数据采用方差分析进行统计分析,使用R Project 2.8.1软件。对于多个区间的比较,在显著水平上采用Bonferroni检验(P <0.05);Bonferroni测试是一种多重比较测试,允许比较性别,颜色的手段。引文:Solano SJC, Raggi L. lanametic测定羊驼纤维(Vicugna Pacos)在图卡塔省Cañar。中华兽医科学杂志,2019;7(1):4。中国兽医科学杂志7(1):4 (2019)Page 2 ISSN: 2325-4645。因此,目前的统计分析将解释数据集是否具有正态分布,在这种情况下,替代假设将被接受。此外,对研究变量进行Pearson相关检验。结果记录平均纤维直径(MFD+SD)、平均纤维长度(MFL+SD)和平均舒适系数(MCF+SD)的测量。研究人群的MFD为22.6 μm±5.2;MFL为60.8 mm;MCF为86.8%;纤维百分比< 15μm为9.3%。纤维直径:按成虫(A)、幼虫(J)和幼虫(Y)的年龄进行MFD分类;3岁以上的成人,1 - 3岁的未成年人,1岁以下的青少年[12]。因此,A、J、Y三种动物的MFD分别为:25.07 μm±3.9;23.68 μm±4.7;和17.75 μm±1.5,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),(表1)。不同性别动物的MFD以雌性(F)和雄性(M)记录为准。因此,F和M之间的MFD为:22.73 μm±5.1;和22.46 μm±4.5,差异无统计学意义。通过动物身体三个区域的样本采集点[10]:调色板(1)、中肋骨(2)和臀部(3)建立不同身体区域之间的MFD。因此,发现的区域1、2和3之间的MFD为:23.72 μm±5.1;21.73 μm±4.2;和22.34 μm±4.8,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),(图1)。最后,根据不同颜色羊毛的MFD记录:白色(W)、棕色(BW)、两种及两种以上颜色的合成(COM)和黑色(BL)。因此,发现的W、BW、COM和BL色动物之间的MFD分别为:21.71 μm±4.8;23.3 μm±4.5;21.07 μm±1.7;26.62 μm±3.3,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。纤维长度:A、J、Y动物的最大纤维长度为:101.3 mm±33.0 mm;83.3 mm±2.5;和39.9 mm±9.2,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),(表1)。动物F和M之间的MFL分别为:79.5 mm±39.0;40.6 mm±8.3,差异无统计学意义(P <0.05)。发现的1、2、3体区间的MFL为:70.0 mm±36.7;68.4 mm±37.1;70.8 mm±40.9,差异无统计学意义(P <0.05)。另一方面,发现的W、BW、COM和BL颜色之间的最大间距为:67.9 mm±35.7;60.2 mm±36.2;95.8 mm±25.1;和135.0 mm±10.0,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。舒适系数:A、J、Y三种动物的舒适系数分别为:80.7%±16.8;83.6%±17.4;和80.7%±16.8,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),(表1)。动物F和M的舒适系数分别为:86.4%±17.6;86.9%±14.9,差异无统计学意义(P <0.05)。1、2、3区之间的舒适系数分别为:82.8%±18.6;90.1%±12.7;87.2%±16.1,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of Parasitic Sarcocystis Infection in Native Poultry Carcasses in North Part of Iran, Mazandaran (Amol) 伊朗马赞达兰(Amol)北部地区本地家禽肉囊虫感染调查
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2325-4645.1000045
Sarcocystis is one of the most important and common protozoan parasites in the world. Various species of Sarcocystis reported in groups of mammals, birds and reptiles. In the life cycle of these parasite there are 2 hosts including hunted and hunter. Usually, omnivores and herbivores, as intermediate hosts (hunted) and carnivores, are considered as the definitive host (hunter) of this parasite. This research for the first time examines the contamination of Sarcocystis (microcyst) in native birds of Mazandaran province (Amol city). For this purpose, randomly, 57 native bird’s breast muscles which include 18 pieces of native ducks and 39 native chickens were tested by digestion method. The results of the experiment showed that 55 cases (96.5%) were infected with Sarcocystis bradyzoite that contributed 100% to the local duck and 94.78% to the native species. Based on age groups, the percentage of infection in the group age under 6 months was 80%, in the age between 6 months and one year was 97.91% and in the age group over one year, was 100%. The Chi-square test did not show a significant difference in the percentage of infection between two types of birds (duck-chicken) and age groups (P <0.05). Vahedi Noori N1*, Salehi A2, Razavi M2 and Masoumi M2 1Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran 2Veterinary Medicine Student, Babol Islamic Azad University, Iran *Address for Correspondence Vahedi Noori N, Assistant Professor, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; E-mail: nsvahedi@yahoo.com Submission: 24-October, 2019 Accepted: 03-November, 2019 Published: 04-November, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Vahedi Noori N, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Article Open Access
肌囊虫是世界上最重要和最常见的原生动物寄生虫之一。在哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物中发现了多种肉囊菌。在这些寄生虫的生命周期中,有2个宿主,包括猎物和猎人。通常,杂食动物和食草动物作为中间宿主(被捕食)和食肉动物被认为是该寄生虫的最终宿主(猎手)。本研究首次对马赞达兰省(阿莫尔市)本地鸟类的肉囊菌(微囊)污染进行了调查。为此,采用消化法随机检测57只土禽的胸肌,其中18只土鸭和39只土鸡。实验结果表明,55例(96.5%)感染慢殖肉囊菌,其中本地鸭占100%,本地鸭占94.78%。按年龄组分,6个月以下年龄组感染率为80%,6个月~ 1岁年龄组感染率为97.91%,1岁以上年龄组感染率为100%。卡方检验显示鸭鸡两种鸟类和年龄组之间的感染率差异无统计学意义(P <0.05)。Vahedi Noori N1*, Salehi A2, Razavi M2和Masoumi M2 1伊朗农业研究、教育和推广组织(AREEO) 2伊朗巴博勒伊斯兰阿扎德大学兽医学学生*通信地址Vahedi Noori N,助理教授,伊朗卡拉伊农业研究、教育和推广组织(AREEO) Razi疫苗和血清研究所;E-mail: nsvahedi@yahoo.com投稿时间:2019年10月24日接收时间:2019年11月3日发布时间:2019年11月4日版权所有:©2019 Vahedi Noori N, et al.。这是一篇在知识共享署名许可下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制,只要原始作品被适当引用。研究论文开放获取
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引用次数: 0
Parasitic conditions of domestic owned rabbits in Osun State, southwestern Nigeria: Retrospective evaluation, risk factors and co-infestations 尼日利亚西南部奥松州家兔的寄生虫状况:回顾性评估、危险因素和共患
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.06.002
Shola D. Ola-Fadunsin, Karimat Hussain, Musa Rabiu, Isau A. Ganiyu

Parasitism is of great concern to the production, reproduction and performance of man and animals. The present study evaluated the parasitic conditions of rabbits brought for medical attention in the major Veterinary hospitals in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria during ten years (2006–2015). A total of 444 rabbits were brought during the study period, out of which 312 (70.27%) was diagnosed for mange, 126 (28.38%) for helminthoses, 60 (13.51%) for coccidiosis and 6 (1.35%) for flea infestation. There was no defined pattern in the yearly and monthly prevalence of these parasitic diseases. Age, sex and season were the statistically significant (P < 0.05) risk factors associated with the prevalence of helminthoses, while age and season were associated with mange at P < 0.05. There was a significant negative correlation in the co-infection of helminthoses and coccidiosis, helminthoses and mange, coccidiosis and mange, while the co-infection of helminthoses with flea infestation, coccidiosis with flea infestation and mange with flea infestation was not statistically significant. These findings could be useful for surveillance, monitoring and designing of appropriate interventions for diseases control in Osun State and Nigeria at large. The proper management, prevention, control and eradication of these disease conditions will improve the production and reproduction of rabbits for better profitability for farmers and increased availability of protein sources for consumers.

寄生关系到人类和动物的生产、繁殖和表现。本研究评估了十年(2006-2015年)期间在尼日利亚西南部奥松州主要兽医医院就诊的家兔的寄生虫状况。研究期间共捕获家兔444只,其中诊断为疥癣312只(70.27%),诊断为寄生虫126只(28.38%),诊断为球虫病60只(13.51%),诊断为染蚤6只(1.35%)。这些寄生虫病的年流行率和月流行率没有明确的规律。年龄、性别和季节与寄生虫患病率相关的危险因素有统计学意义(P < 0.05),年龄和季节与管理相关的危险因素有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。钉螺与球虫、钉螺与毛管、球虫与毛管共感染呈显著负相关,钉螺与染蚤、钉螺与染蚤、毛管与染蚤共感染呈显著负相关,钉螺与染蚤共感染无统计学意义。这些发现可能有助于在奥松州和整个尼日利亚监测、监测和设计适当的疾病控制干预措施。适当管理、预防、控制和根除这些疾病状况将改善兔子的生产和繁殖,提高农民的盈利能力,并增加消费者获得蛋白质来源的机会。
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引用次数: 9
Porcine Circovirus type 2 – Systemic disease on pig farms and associated knowledge of key players in the pig industry in Central Uganda 猪圆环病毒2型——乌干达中部猪场全身性疾病和养猪业主要参与者的相关知识
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.08.004
Eneku Wilfred, Francis Mutebi, Frank Norbert Mwiine, Okwee-Acai James, Ojok Lonzy

Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infections and associated diseases have been rarely studied in Africa. There is no report of PCV2 infection-associated morbidity and the level of awareness of stakeholders has never been investigated in Uganda. This cross sectional survey investigated the occurrence of Porcine Circovirus type 2 – systemic disease (PCV2-SD) among pigs and the associated level of awareness of stakeholders in Central Uganda. Data were collected using questionnaires, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and laboratory investigations. All respondents (n = 131) and farmers attending FGDs (n = 31) had never heard of PCV2-SD and only 16.7% (n = 2) of the interviewed animal health workers (n = 12) knew about the disease. Among the farms, 20 piglets presenting with a chronic wasting and a persistent diarrhea were detected and sampled for laboratory investigations. Severe lymphoid depletion with histiocytic and macrophage infiltration in lymphoid organs (n = 8), shortening of intestinal villi (n = 9), abscesses in various organs (n = 15) and granulomatous pneumonia (n = 2) were the major histopathological lesions described. Immunohistochemistry and PCR assays on organs with implicating lesions confirmed PCV2 infection in 25% (n = 5) of the 20 pigs. The study confirmed the occurrence of PCV2 infections among piglets with persistent diarrhea on pig farms in central Uganda and revealed a low level of associated knowledge among farmers and veterinary practitioners. The study arouses the need for systematic studies on prevalence of PCV2 infections and sensitization of stakeholders on occurrence of PCV2 infections in Uganda.

在非洲很少对猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)感染和相关疾病进行研究。在乌干达没有PCV2感染相关发病率的报告,也从未调查过利益攸关方的认识水平。本横断面调查调查了乌干达中部猪中猪圆环病毒2型全身性疾病(PCV2-SD)的发生情况以及利益相关者的相关意识水平。数据收集采用问卷调查、焦点小组讨论(fgd)、关键信息提供者访谈和实验室调查。所有受访者(n = 131)和参加fgd的农民(n = 31)从未听说过PCV2-SD,只有16.7% (n = 2)的受访动物卫生工作者(n = 12)知道这种疾病。在这些猪场中,检测到20头出现慢性消瘦和持续性腹泻的仔猪,并取样进行实验室调查。严重淋巴细胞耗损,淋巴器官组织细胞和巨噬细胞浸润(n = 8),肠绒毛缩短(n = 9),各器官脓肿(n = 15)和肉芽肿性肺炎(n = 2)是主要的组织病理病变。20头猪中25% (n = 5)的脏器经免疫组化和PCR检测证实PCV2感染。该研究证实在乌干达中部养猪场持续性腹泻的仔猪中发生PCV2感染,并揭示农民和兽医从业人员的相关知识水平较低。该研究引起了对PCV2感染流行率和利益相关者对乌干达PCV2感染发生的敏感性进行系统研究的需要。
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引用次数: 13
Inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles on bovine herpesvirus-1 银纳米颗粒对牛疱疹病毒-1的抑制作用
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.09.002
Rania S. El-Mohamady , T.A. Ghattas , M.F. Zawrah , Y.G.M. Abd El-Hafeiz

Currently available antiviral drugs have certain limitations. Therefore, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have recently received an increasing attention with respect to their antibacterial and antiviral properties. This in-vitro study aimed to investigate the inhibition effect of Ag-NPs on viral replication (bovine herpesvirus-1; BoHV-1 as a model) and to determine the therapeutic, safe and cytotoxic concentrations. The cytotoxicity of MDBK cells induced by different Ag-NPs concentrations was investigated by using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The infected, treated and cellular MDBK controls were stained with neutral red (NR) stain to monitor the cytopathic effects (CPEs) of BoHV-1 and the protective effects of Ag-NPs that inhibit the viral infections. Ag-NPs were safe for the MDBK cell culture at a concentration of 24 μg/mL medium. The highest concentrations were cellular toxic with different degrees. Also, Ag-NPs could protect the MDBK cell culture from BoHV-1 infection at a safety concentration (24 μg/mL medium) when incubate a mixture of Ag-NPs suspension and BoHV-1 prior infect cells. In conclusion, Ag-NPs can be used in vitro safely at the recommended concentration to protect the cellular culture against viral replications. Ag-NPs at nontoxic concentrations (24 μg/mL) are capable of inhibiting BoHV-1 when they are administered prior to viral infection.

目前可用的抗病毒药物有一定的局限性。因此,银纳米颗粒(Ag-NPs)近年来因其抗菌和抗病毒特性而受到越来越多的关注。本体外实验旨在探讨Ag-NPs对病毒(牛疱疹病毒-1;BoHV-1作为模型),并确定治疗、安全和细胞毒性浓度。采用甲基噻唑四氮唑(MTT)法研究了不同浓度Ag-NPs对MDBK细胞的细胞毒性。用中性红(NR)染色检测BoHV-1的细胞病变效应(cpe)和Ag-NPs抑制病毒感染的保护作用。在浓度为24 μg/mL的培养基中,Ag-NPs对MDBK细胞培养是安全的。最高浓度对细胞有不同程度的毒性。在安全浓度(24 μg/mL培养基)下,Ag-NPs混悬液与先前感染BoHV-1的细胞孵育时,Ag-NPs可以保护MDBK细胞免受BoHV-1感染。综上所述,Ag-NPs可以在推荐的浓度下安全地在体外使用,以保护细胞培养物免受病毒复制。在病毒感染前给药,无毒浓度(24 μg/mL)的Ag-NPs能够抑制BoHV-1。
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引用次数: 29
Isolation, identification and molecular characterization of Newcastle disease viruses in vaccinated chickens from commercial farms in the Sultanate of Oman 阿曼苏丹国商业农场接种疫苗的鸡中新城疫病病毒的分离、鉴定和分子表征
IF 2.2 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.08.007
A.A. Alsahami , A. Ideris , A. Omar , S.Z. Ramanoon , M.B. Sadiq

Newcastle disease (ND) remains an important enzootic disease in chickens in several parts of the world. With the increasing reports of virulence and genetic diversity of the causative agent; Newcastle disease virus (NDV), there is a need to identify the circulating NDV in specific regions. In Oman, to this moment, such information is still lacking. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the NDV from ND outbreaks from commercial farms in Oman. Following suspected outbreaks of ND in three commercial farms in 2017, a total of 30 carcasses (10 from each flock) of adult chickens were subjected to necropsy for gross and histopathological examination, virus isolation and molecular methods. Specifically, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay were used for the virus detection and confirmation, respectively. Lesions were suggestive of viscerotropic velogenic form of ND based on gross and histopathological examinations. Isolation of NDV was present in 4 cases and further confirmed by RT-PCR following the target of the partial fusion protein gene of the viral genome. The sequence of the partial fusion gene was determined and phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the partial length F gene of 4 Omani isolates and 65 previously published NDVs. The findings predicted that the Omani isolates had high homology (99%) with the isolate from Pakistan belonging to genotype VII. Subsequently, the isolated pathotype was identified as the virulent NDV. This study serves as a basic work for further research on the analysis and phenotyping of NDV in the Sultanate of Oman. Improved monitoring and surveillance of the disease is important for proper preventive measures.

新城疫(ND)在世界一些地区仍是一种重要的家禽地方性疾病。随着病原体的毒力和遗传多样性报告的增加;新城疫病毒(NDV),有必要确定在特定地区流行的新城疫病毒。在阿曼,到目前为止,仍然缺乏这方面的资料。本研究的目的是从阿曼商业养殖场暴发的新城疫中分离和鉴定新城疫病毒。2017年,在三个商业养殖场疑似暴发ND后,共对30只(每群10只)成年鸡尸体进行尸检,进行大体和组织病理学检查、病毒分离和分子检测。具体而言,分别采用血凝抑制(HI)试验和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)试验进行病毒检测和确认。根据大体和组织病理学检查,病变提示ND为嗜脏性速度型。4例分离到NDV病毒,RT-PCR进一步证实了病毒基因组部分融合蛋白基因的靶向性。利用4个阿曼分离株和65个已发表的ndv的部分长度F基因,确定了部分融合基因的序列,构建了系统发育树。研究结果预测阿曼分离株与属于基因型VII的巴基斯坦分离株具有高度同源性(99%)。随后,分离的病原体被确定为毒性NDV。本研究为进一步开展阿曼苏丹国新型冠状病毒的分析和分型研究奠定了基础。改善对该病的监测和监督对于采取适当的预防措施十分重要。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine
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