International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine最新文献

It is assumed that all species, including sheep, demonstrate significant variation between individuals including the characteristics of their bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). These differences may account for limited success in pre-clinical animal studies and may also impact on treatment strategies that are used within regenerative medicine. This study investigates variations between ovine MSCs (oMSCs) isolated from 13 English Mule sheep donors by studying cell viability, expansion, the cells' trilineage differentiation potential and the expression of cell surface markers. In addition to the primary objective, this article also compares various differentiation media used for the trilineage differentiation of oMSCs. In this study, a clear individual variation between the sheep donors regarding oMSCs characterization, tri-lineage differentiation potential and marker expression was effectively demonstrated. The results set out to systematically explore the ovine mesenchymal stem cell population derived from multiple donors. With this information, it is possible to start addressing the issues of personalized approaches to regenerative therapies.

The lumbar nerve distribution can differ depending on vertebral count variations among individuals of the same species. The variation in the lumbar vertebra formula and the lumbar nerve distribution in twenty adult common opossums (eight female and twelve males) was studied. Radiographs were taken to confirm vertebral identification and count. Two vertebral patterns were recognized: three specimens presented five lumbar vertebrae (5VP) and seventeen individuals presented six lumbar vertebrae (6VP). All the 6VP specimens had the same innervation pattern; however, the 5PV had three different innervation patterns (5PVa, 5VPB, and 5PVc). 5VPa and 6VP differed only in the origin of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2-L3 and L3, respectively). The differences among 5PVa, 5PVb, and 5VPc were seen in the iliohypogastric nerve, which was formed by L1 in 5VPa and 5VPb, and T13 in 5VPc. The ilioinguinal nerve was formed by L1-L2 in 5VPa and 5VPb, while it was formed by T13-L1 in 5VPc. The genitofemoral nerve was formed by L2-L3 in 5VPa, L2 in 5VPb, and L1-L2 in 5VPc. The cutaneous femoris lateralis was formed by L2-L3 in 5VPa and 5VPc, while it is formed only by L2 in 5VPb. The femoral and obturator nerves were formed by L3-L4 in 5VPa, and L2-L3 in 5VPb and 5VPc. The lumbosacral trunk originated from L4-L5-S1 in 5VP and L5-L6-S1 in 6VP. The data provided in this study may help understand the relationship between the spine and lumbosacral plexus variations and may find application in veterinary spine surgery.

Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in cats usually relates to cardiogenic causes that can be diagnosed by conventional echocardiography. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) is a new ultrasound modality with higher sensitivity. Our objective was to investigate left atrial myocardial deformation in cats with both cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic ATE and normal cats using 2D-STE. Twenty-three normal cats and 21 cats with ATE cats were recruited and performed conventional echocardiography and 2D-STE. From the results, left atrial (LA) strain and strain rate from 2D-STE were significantly decreased in cats with cardiogenic ATE (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in non-cardiogenic ATE compared with normal cats. From the correlation test, the use of left atrial strain during the reservoir phase (LASr) could represent the overall LA deformation. The intra- and inter-observer coefficient of variation of LASr was less than 15%. The logistic regression revealed that the LASr value of less than 11% was a significant factor for the occurrence of ATE (odd ratio = 189.0, P < 0.001). In conclusion, LASr derived by 2D-STE is a repeatable and non-invasive technique to assess LA myocardial deformation in cats with ATE. By 2D-STE, impaired LA function was detected in cats with cardiogenic ATE. LASr < 11% may use as a predictor of the risk of ATE occurrence in cats.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). The aim of this study was to determine the survival time and to determine factors related to the survival time of dogs with PH secondary to DMVD stage C. A retrospective study was conducted in 37 dogs with PH secondary to DMVD stage C to analyse the median survival time and associated factors such as age, sex, breed, body weight, the presence of syncope, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, manifestation of congestive heart failure (CHF), vertebral heart score (VHS), the presence of left or right heart enlargement, probability of PH and medication. Data were analysed using the Log-Rank test and plotted with the Kaplan-Meier curve. The results showed that the median survival time of dogs with PH secondary to DMVD stage C was 368 days, and factors that shortened the median survival time of dogs with PH secondary to DMVD stage C were mixed breeds, VHS > 11.5, the presence of right heart enlargement, ascites and high probability of PH. Factors associated with an increased hazard of death were mixed breed dogs, dogs with right heart enlargement and ascites. These findings may be useful for the prognosis and management of dogs with PH secondary to DMVD stage C.

Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) is a non-invasive method to quantitatively evaluate the liver stiffness (LS), allowing the detection of hepatic pathological changes in both dogs and humans. In dogs, some factors such as patient movement and respiration can cause artefacts and potential errors of measurements. Therefore, anaesthesia has been suggested to reduce the effect of the movement on 2D-SWE in dogs. This study was performed to evaluate the influence of an anaesthetic protocol on 2D-SWE measurements for assessment of LS in healthy dogs. Forty-five dogs were included and subjected to anaesthesia: in 11 dogs, the 2D-SWE was performed both before and under anaesthesia, in 19 dogs, the 2D-SWE was performed only when they were awake and in 15 dogs, the examination was carried out only under anaesthesia. The anaesthetic protocol was composed of intramuscular injection of a combination of dexmedetomidine, methadone and ketamine and intravenous administration of propofol for induction and isoflurane for maintenance. The variability of 2D-SWE values according to anaesthesia was evaluated. Median 2D-SWE values were significantly higher in anesthetized dogs compared to awake dogs either by considering separately the dogs in which the examination was performed both awake and under anaesthesia and by considering all dogs included. According to our study, anaesthesia helped to avoid challenges related to patient movement and respiration; however, it was a source of variability on 2D-SWE values, and this factor should be considered before performing 2D-SWE under anaesthesia.

The study investigated how sprouted-papaya seed meal (SPSM) a total of affected the growth and carcase traits of broilers. Based on a completely randomized design, 390 day-old Lohmann broiler chicks were allotted to CONT (chicks provided with control diet), SEED25 (diet containing 2.5% papaya seed meal), GERM1 (diet containing 1% SPSM), GERM25 (diet containing 2.5% SPSM) and GERM5 (diet containing 5% SPSM). Body weight and feed intake of chickens were weekly recorded from 14 to 36 days of age, while birds (six birds per treatment group; 30 birds in total) were slaughtered at day 36. Feeding SPSM up to 5% did not impair (p > 0.05) broilers' growth or feed intake. At 5%, SPSM compromised (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) and reduced breast meat proportion. SPSM at 2.5% in diets had no (p > 0.05) detrimental effects, while papaya seed meal at the same proportion lowered (p < 0.05) final body weight, weight gain, and cumulative feed intake. Overall, SPSM may be incorporated in broiler rations up to 2.5% with no harmful effects on growth, feed intake, FCR and carcase traits of broiler chickens.

Bats are considered ideal reservoirs for zoonotic viruses with emerging capabilities over the past two decades and spotted evidence points out that they may play a role as a reservoir host for SARS-CoV-2. To investigate the possible role of bats as part of SARS-CoV-2 anthropozoonotic spill-over infections in Egypt, a total of 800 samples obtained from 200 Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using quantitative RT-PCR assay (RT-qPCR). RT-qPCR analysis of RNA extracted from bat tissues showed no positive results for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. These findings suggest that during the study period, the Rousettus aegyptiacus bat was not a reservoir or amplifying host for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Egypt. The lack of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in Egyptian fruit bats is thought to make a significant contribution to SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology.