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Longitudinal relationships between two self-efficacy types and stress in active older adults in Taichung City, Taiwan 台中市活跃老年人两种自我效能感类型与压力的纵向关系
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2016.1159596
Liang-Chih Chang, Ping Yu, Shin-Yow Chang
Abstract Self-efficacy has recently become a topic of interest in mental health research. We examined the relationships among physical activity (PA) self-efficacy, general self-efficacy, and stress through the longitudinal study design. In the first year (Y1), 322 older adults who lived in Taichung City, Taiwan, participated in our study. Two years later (Y2), 161 of them again responded to the same questionnaire, which included PA self-efficacy, general self-efficacy, and stress scales. The questionnaire data were analyzed through hierarchical regression analysis. We observed that PA self-efficacy was significantly and positively correlated with general self-efficacy and that both were significantly and negatively correlated with stress at Y1 and Y2. Therefore, enhancing PA self-efficacy can be an effective element of programs designed to reduce stress in older adults.
自我效能感是近年来心理健康研究的热点之一。本研究采用纵向研究设计,探讨体育活动自我效能感、一般自我效能感与压力之间的关系。在第一年(Y1), 322名居住在台湾台中市的老年人参与了我们的研究。两年后(Y2),其中161人再次回答了同样的问卷,包括个人自我效能感、一般自我效能感和压力量表。通过层次回归分析对问卷数据进行分析。我们观察到,PA自我效能感与一般自我效能感呈显著正相关,两者与Y1和Y2的压力呈显著负相关。因此,增强老年人自我效能感是老年人减压计划的有效组成部分。
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引用次数: 9
Promoting male refugees’ mental health after they have been granted leave to remain (refugee status) 促进男性难民在获得居留许可(难民身份)后的心理健康
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2016.1167102
A. Vitale, J. Ryde
Abstract There is existing evidence that suggests that refugees’ mental health is often impaired by pre-migratory stress, by their experience of being asylum seekers and also by their resettlement adversities; however, little is known about the specific mental health issues of male refugees. The current research is set in this context and it aims to explore multiple levels of stress that male refugees experience after they have been granted Leave to Remain (refugee status) in the U.K. A total of nine male refugees took part in the study; they were interviewed individually and the interview transcripts were analysed by the use of Thematic Analysis. The overall findings indicated that being granted Leave to Remain worsened participants’ mental health, as they had to face new challenges such as seeking employment and accommodation, as well as their general struggle to settle in the U.K. Participants indicated that the type of support available to them was quite poor. These findings are relevant in order to support specific intervention strategies to promote male refugees’ mental health.
现有证据表明,难民的心理健康往往受到移民前压力、寻求庇护经历和重新安置逆境的损害;然而,人们对男性难民的具体心理健康问题知之甚少。目前的研究就是在这种背景下进行的,旨在探讨男性难民在获得英国居留许可(难民身份)后所经历的多重压力。共有9名男性难民参加了这项研究;对他们进行单独访谈,并使用专题分析对访谈记录进行分析。总体调查结果表明,获得“留欧”令参与者的心理健康状况恶化,因为他们不得不面对新的挑战,如寻找就业和住宿,以及他们在英国定居的普遍困难。参与者表示,他们可获得的支持类型相当差。这些发现对于支持促进男性难民心理健康的具体干预战略具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 14
Tensions along the path toward mental health literacy for new immigrant mothers: perspectives on mental health and mental illness 新移民母亲心理健康素养道路上的紧张关系:对心理健康和心理疾病的看法
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2016.1154480
N. Montgomery, Jenepher Lennox Terrion
Abstract This study explored how mothers approach their own mental health literacy and that of their teenage children. The research used focus groups and questions based on the messaging of a community-based mental health awareness program called ‘Talking about Mental Illness’ (TAMI) to investigate the nature of mental health perceptions and attitudes of new immigrant mothers and illustrate how the program’s messaging can contribute to or build upon their levels of mental health literacy. A qualitative thematic assessment of the knowledge and perceptions of the study participants, all recent immigrants to Canada from India, Bangladesh, Iran, and Romania within the last three years and mothers of high school students, was undertaken. The findings show that participants appreciate the importance of fostering mental health understanding and discussion with their children at the same time that they encounter obstacles to the advancement of their mental health literacy.
摘要本研究探讨了母亲如何对待自己及其十几岁子女的心理健康素养。该研究使用焦点小组和基于社区心理健康意识项目“谈论精神疾病”(TAMI)的信息传递的问题来调查新移民母亲的心理健康观念和态度的本质,并说明该项目的信息传递如何有助于或建立她们的心理健康素养水平。对研究参与者的知识和看法进行了定性专题评估,这些参与者是最近三年内从印度、孟加拉国、伊朗和罗马尼亚移民到加拿大的所有新移民以及高中生的母亲。调查结果表明,参与者认识到促进对心理健康的理解和与子女讨论的重要性,同时他们在提高心理健康素养方面遇到了障碍。
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引用次数: 3
Shifting towards positive youth development in schools in Norway – challenges and opportunities 挪威学校向积极的青少年发展转变——挑战与机遇
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1079427
T. Larsen
This commentary seeks to address the challenges of implementing school mental health promotion, and the applicability of positive youth development (PYD) theory. We know that, for more than two decades, it has been a goal in Norway to reorient schools towards (mental) health-promoting schools, applying a resource and strength perspective. Even so, we are still far from reaching these goals and mental health problems are increasing – especially among youth – and are nowadays perceived to be one of the major public health burdens in Norway. In this respect, it is argued that framed within PYD theory, student participation can create for young people the possibility to contribute and use their assets, leading to competent, confident and caring youth who have character and positive social connections, which in turn create conditions for contributions and healthy functioning, well-being and thriving through adolescence.
本评论旨在解决实施学校心理健康促进的挑战,以及积极青年发展(PYD)理论的适用性。我们知道,二十多年来,挪威的一个目标是运用资源和力量的观点,将学校重新定位为促进(心理)健康的学校。即便如此,我们离实现这些目标还有很长的路要走,心理健康问题正在增加,特别是在青年中,这被认为是挪威主要的公共卫生负担之一。在这方面,有人认为,在PYD理论的框架内,学生的参与可以为年轻人创造贡献和使用他们的资产的可能性,使他们成为有能力、自信和有爱心的青年,他们有个性和积极的社会关系,这反过来又为贡献和健康的功能、福祉和青春期的繁荣创造条件。
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引用次数: 8
The School Mental Health International Leadership Exchange (SMHILE): working to advance the field through opportunities for global networking 学校心理健康国际领导交流(SMHILE):通过建立全球网络的机会,努力推动这一领域的发展
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1079420
M. Weist, Kathy Short, Heather L. McDaniel, A. Bode
We are pleased to present this special issue, in conjunction with the 9th World Congress on the Promotion of Mental Health and the Prevention of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders held in Columbia, South Carolina in September 2015. School mental health (SMH) has always been a significant emphasis within the broader mental health promotion field, and within these conferences since their inception in Atlanta in 2000 (see www. cliffordbeersfoundation.org). This special issue features the work of leaders in the SMH field who have been involved in global networking to improve practice, policy, research and the interconnections among them since the early 2000s. As this important work has been fueled by networking opportunities afforded by the world congresses, it is appropriate to share these papers, and to introduce the School Mental Health International Leadership Exchange (SMHILE; www.smhile.com) at this juncture. SMHILE is a recently launched initiative designed to capitalize on the collective wisdom of leaders, researchers and practitioners from numerous countries involved in the burgeoning SMH field. Following this introduction, the issue includes four articles, from core SMHILE members and collaborators, reflecting important dimensions of the work needed to further advance SMH. SMHILE aspires to provide leadership to the SMH field, and through this special series aims to highlight current concepts and research that may help to galvanize efforts across communities, states, regions and nations.
我们很高兴结合2015年9月在南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚举行的第九届促进精神卫生和预防情绪和行为障碍世界大会,出版这一期特刊。学校心理健康(SMH)一直是更广泛的心理健康促进领域的一个重要重点,自2000年在亚特兰大召开这些会议以来(见www.smh)。cliffordbeersfoundation.org)。这期特刊介绍了自21世纪初以来,SMH领域领导人参与全球网络以改善实践、政策、研究及其相互联系的工作。由于世界大会提供的交流机会推动了这项重要工作,因此有必要分享这些论文,并介绍学校心理健康国际领导交流(SMHILE;www.smhile.com)。SMHILE是最近发起的一项倡议,旨在利用来自众多国家的领导人、研究人员和从业人员的集体智慧,参与新兴的smhh领域。在此介绍之后,该问题包括来自SMHILE核心成员和合作者的四篇文章,反映了进一步推进SMH所需工作的重要方面。SMHILE渴望在SMH领域发挥领导作用,并通过这个特别系列旨在突出当前的概念和研究,这些概念和研究可能有助于激发社区,州,地区和国家的努力。
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引用次数: 39
Qualitative analysis of key informant interviews about adolescent stigma surrounding use of school mental health services 关于青少年使用学校心理健康服务的污名的主要信息提供者访谈的定性分析
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1079424
Alyssa Huggins, M. Weist, M. McCall, Bret Kloos, Elaine Miller, M. George
Given the increased access to mental health services that schools provide, there has been a growing consensus among mental health professionals for the delivery of services for youth in schools. Building the capacity of schools to provide evidence-based socio-emotional supports across a continuum of care has been prioritized in recent decades. However, despite policy changes to implement more mental health services in schools, these services still remain widely underutilized by adolescents experiencing mental health problems. Understanding the factors impacting students’ decisions to seek help or use resources provided in a school setting is crucial for actually increasing utilization of care. Yet, little is known about the role of stigma in students’ underutilization of school mental health services. The current study examined stigma about mental health and services in schools through a qualitative analysis of 15 school personnel and student interviews at three high schools in South Carolina. Thematic analysis of interviews indicated that students have a negative outlook of mental health services because of fear of being stereotyped or embarrassed as a result of receiving school counseling. Data from this exploratory study directly contribute to the field of education by providing a model for professionals to implement strategies to eliminate the stigma that causes underutilization of school mental health services.
鉴于获得学校提供的心理健康服务的机会越来越多,心理健康专业人员对在学校为青少年提供服务达成了越来越多的共识。近几十年来,建立学校的能力,在连续的护理过程中提供基于证据的社会情感支持一直是优先事项。然而,尽管为在学校实施更多的心理健康服务而改变了政策,但有心理健康问题的青少年仍然普遍没有充分利用这些服务。了解影响学生决定寻求帮助或使用学校环境中提供的资源的因素对于实际提高护理的利用率至关重要。然而,人们对污名在学生未充分利用学校心理健康服务中的作用知之甚少。目前的研究通过对南卡罗来纳州三所高中的15名学校人员和学生的访谈进行定性分析,调查了学校对心理健康和服务的污名。对访谈进行的专题分析表明,学生对心理健康服务持消极看法,因为他们害怕因接受学校咨询而被定型或感到尴尬。这项探索性研究的数据通过为专业人员提供模型来实施消除导致学校心理健康服务利用不足的耻辱感的策略,从而直接为教育领域做出贡献。
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引用次数: 20
Exploring age and gender differences in health risk behaviours and psychological functioning among homeless children and adolescents 探讨无家可归儿童和青少年在健康风险行为和心理功能方面的年龄和性别差异
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2015-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1088739
K. Oppong Asante
This study describes the findings from quantitative examination of age and gender differences in psychological problems and health risk behaviour among 227 homeless youth. The findings indicated significant variations on health risk behaviours by gender. As compared to males, females were more likely to engage in survival sex, been victims of violence-rated sex, and more likely to have made a plan to commit suicide. While alcohol use decrease with age, marijuana use and having multiple sexual partners, on the other hand, increases with age. Approximately 87% of the participant’s exhibit moderate-to-severe psychological problems, with males having significantly higher scores on the overall psychological well-being, emotional and hyperactivity problems than females. Age-group differences were also observed on overall psychological well-being, emotional problems, conduct problems and hyperactivity. These findings from the study are discussed with reference to previous research and implications for interventions are provided.
这项研究描述了对227名无家可归青年的心理问题和健康风险行为的年龄和性别差异进行定量检查的结果。调查结果表明,不同性别的健康风险行为存在显著差异。与男性相比,女性更有可能从事生存性行为,成为暴力等级性行为的受害者,更有可能制定自杀计划。虽然酒精的使用随着年龄的增长而减少,但另一方面,大麻的使用和拥有多个性伴侣的人却随着年龄的增长而增加。大约87%的参与者表现出中度到重度的心理问题,男性在整体心理健康、情绪和多动问题上的得分明显高于女性。在整体心理健康、情绪问题、行为问题和多动症方面,也观察到年龄组的差异。本研究的结果与先前的研究结果进行了讨论,并提供了干预措施的含义。
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引用次数: 10
What carers of family members with mental illness say, think and do about their relative's smoking and the implications for health promotion and service delivery: a qualitative study 精神疾病家庭成员的护理人员对其亲属吸烟及其对健康促进和服务提供的影响所说,所想和所做的:一项定性研究
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2015-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1080462
S. Lawn, D. McNaughton, Louise Fuller
Few researchers have explored family carers’ perspectives of smoking by their family members with mental illness, despite smoking rates remaining high for people with mental illness. In-depth qualitative interviews with twelve South Australian family carers explored their experiences and views of providing care for people with mental illness who smoke. Data were analysed thematically. Around the central theme of the caring role within the context of mental illness and smoking, were three interrelated themes: (1) responsibility; (2) accommodation; and, (3) dissonance. Carers struggled physically, philosophically and emotionally with perceived responsibilities involving their family member's smoking. They felt isolated and asserted as there was limited support from service providers to assist them. Carers are important agents within the person's immediate environment who could potentially help them to improve their smoking cessation success. Community services aiming to support smoking cessation support for this population need to incorporate the role of family carers.
尽管精神疾病患者的吸烟率仍然很高,但很少有研究人员探索家庭照顾者对其患有精神疾病的家庭成员吸烟的看法。对12名南澳大利亚家庭护理人员进行了深入的定性访谈,探讨了他们为吸烟的精神疾病患者提供护理的经验和观点。数据按主题进行分析。围绕精神疾病和吸烟背景下的照顾角色这一中心主题,有三个相互关联的主题:(1)责任;(2)住宿;(3)不和谐。照顾者在身体上、思想上和情感上都在努力承担与家庭成员吸烟有关的责任。他们感到被孤立,因为从服务提供者那里得到的帮助有限。护理人员是患者直接环境中的重要代理人,可以潜在地帮助他们提高戒烟成功率。旨在为这一人群提供戒烟支持的社区服务需要纳入家庭照顾者的作用。
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引用次数: 22
Measuring and predicting mental health literacy for depression 测量和预测抑郁症的心理健康素养
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2015-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1089010
Emily J. Swannell, M. McDermott
This study investigated if mental health literacy for depression is a multidimensional construct, and sought to identify its components and to construct empirically derived questionnaire subscales. Following a literature review, items were generated to produce five conceptual subscales. These were administered to 228 respondents (136 females, 92 males), along with others measuring psychological constructs of theoretical relevance, specifically assessing: emotional intelligence, mindfulness, interdependence and independence, rebelliousness, and depressive symptomatology. Principal components analysis of the 38-item pool confirmed a 3-factor solution: (1) Knowledge and belief in psychological strategies for reducing depression, (2) Ability to recognise depression, and (3) Knowledge and beliefs in positive self-care habits for reducing depression. These components comprise the Public Understanding of Depression Questionnaire (PUDQ). Interdependence, emotional intelligence, sex of respondent and previous history of medication for mental health difficulties were found to be independently predictive of scores on the PUDQ subscales, supporting their construct validity, with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients indicating their internal reliability. The PUDQ is a novel multidimensional tool which can be used in the delivery and assessment of strategies for promoting the understanding of depression amongst at-risk groups.
本研究调查了抑郁症的心理健康素养是否是一个多维结构,并试图确定其组成部分,并构建经验推导的问卷子量表。根据文献综述,生成了五个概念子量表。对228名受访者(136名女性,92名男性)进行了这些调查,并对其他理论相关的心理结构进行了测量,具体评估:情商、正念、相互依赖和独立、叛逆和抑郁症状。主成分分析证实了一个3因素的解决方案:(1)对减少抑郁的心理策略的知识和信念;(2)对抑郁的识别能力;(3)对减少抑郁的积极自我保健习惯的知识和信念。这些组成部分包括公众对抑郁症的理解问卷(PUDQ)。相互依赖、情绪智力、被调查者性别和精神健康问题用药史均可独立预测pudhq量表得分,支持其结构效度,Cronbach 's Alpha系数表明其内部信度。PUDQ是一种新颖的多维工具,可用于实施和评估促进高危人群了解抑郁症的策略。
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引用次数: 5
Journalism and suicide reporting guidelines in Canada: perspectives, partnerships and processes 加拿大新闻业和自杀报告准则:观点、伙伴关系和过程
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2015-10-13 DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2015.1077613
J. Gandy, Jenepher Lennox Terrion
Research suggests that reporting suicide in the media has the potential to influence vulnerable individuals to emulate suicide behavior. Therefore, media guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide have been developed and disseminated worldwide, but with mixed success. This study used semi-structured interviews with Canadian media professionals to understand the experience of reporting suicide and attitudes towards the suicide reporting guidelines in Canada. Findings indicate that media professionals view the guidelines as useful information within the bounds of normal reporting, but find them difficult to implement in light of media culture and realities. Interviews also highlighted the unique challenges of working across sectors with different sets of values, priorities and working styles. The study echoes the literature suggesting that collaborative guideline development and implementation is essential to meaningfully change suicide reporting practices.
研究表明,在媒体上报道自杀有可能影响弱势群体效仿自杀行为。因此,媒体制定了负责任的自杀报道指南,并在世界范围内传播,但成败参半。本研究采用对加拿大媒体专业人士的半结构化访谈来了解报道自杀的经验和对加拿大自杀报道指南的态度。调查结果表明,媒体专业人员认为这些指导方针是正常报道范围内的有用信息,但根据媒体文化和现实情况,很难实施。访谈还强调了跨部门工作的独特挑战,这些部门具有不同的价值观、优先事项和工作方式。该研究与文献相呼应,表明协作指南的制定和实施对于有意义地改变自杀报告实践至关重要。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
International Journal of Mental Health Promotion
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