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Online Teaching and Learning under COVID-19: Challenges and Opportunities 新冠肺炎疫情下的在线教学:挑战与机遇
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1989244
Leping Liu, Li-Ting Chen, Karen Pugh
Technology has been used as a tool to support and improve teaching and learning for decades and Computers in the Schools (CITS) has been publishing the best practice and research findings in this field for over 38 years. Since its inception in 1984, CITS has demonstrated issues and solutions, trends in new technology applications over time, and progress and development of a solid theoretical foundation for integrating technology into classrooms and online teaching and learning, which provided operational guidance to the work of school teachers and researchers alike (CITS, 2021). However, when an education emergency occurs, such as the situation during the COVID-19 pandemic, how can technology as a tool be used to achieve the goals of student learning? What challenges are the teachers and students confronted with and what are the possible solutions? According to the report of Global Monitoring of School Closures provided by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), up until July 2020, 685,358,072 learners at K-12 levels around the world were affected, and 37 worldwide closures were instigated. By December 2020, the numbers were reduced: 304,525,775 learners at K-12 levels were affected, and 26 worldwide closures were in effect (UNESCO, 2021). Looking at college students in the United States, by March 2020, at least 1,102 colleges and universities in the United States had closed their campuses, and over 14 million college students were impacted (Hess, 2020). During the period of school closures, most literature reported the efforts K-12 schools and universities made on the transition from traditional education to online distance education (Carrillo & Flores, 2020; Crompton et al., 2021; Greenhow & Lewin, 2021) and the challenges and opportunities that educators and students faced (Kaisara & Bwalya, 2021; Moore et al., 2021). The collection of this special issue Technology’s Challenge in K-12 and Higher Education: Dealing with a Worldwide Pandemic presents some distinguished work that has been done by frontline educators during this education https://doi.org/10.1080/07380569.2021.1989244
几十年来,技术一直被用作支持和改善教学的工具,学校计算机(CITS)38年来一直在发布该领域的最佳实践和研究结果。自1984年成立以来,CITS展示了问题和解决方案、新技术应用的长期趋势,以及将技术融入课堂和在线教学的坚实理论基础的进展和发展,为学校教师和研究人员的工作提供了操作指导(CITS,2021)。然而,当教育紧急情况发生时,例如新冠肺炎大流行期间的情况,如何将技术作为工具来实现学生学习的目标?教师和学生面临哪些挑战,可能的解决方案是什么?根据联合国教育、科学及文化组织(UNESCO)提供的《全球停课监测》报告,截至2020年7月,全球有685358072名K-12年级的学生受到影响,全球有37名学生被迫停课。到2020年12月,这一数字有所减少:304525775名K-12级别的学习者受到影响,全球范围内有26个学校关闭(联合国教科文组织,2021年)。纵观美国的大学生,截至2020年3月,美国至少有1102所学院和大学关闭了校园,超过1400万大学生受到影响(Hess,2020)。在学校关闭期间,大多数文献报道了K-12学校和大学在从传统教育向在线远程教育过渡方面所做的努力(Carrillo&Flores,2020;Crompton等人,2021;Greenhow和Lewin,2021),以及教育工作者和学生面临的挑战和机遇(Kaisara&Bwalya,2021;Moore等人,2021)。本期特刊《K-12和高等教育中的技术挑战:应对全球流行病》介绍了一线教育工作者在这一教育过程中所做的一些杰出工作https://doi.org/10.1080/07380569.2021.1989244
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引用次数: 6
Using Multilayer Videos for Remote Learning: Videos of Session Guidance, Content Instruction, and Activity 使用多层视频进行远程学习:会话指导、内容指导和活动视频
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1989220
Li-Ting Chen, Leping Liu, Phillip Tretheway
Abstract Teachers have faced various challenges during the coronavirus pandemic, including lack of skills and knowledge to teach remotely, unstable or no internet access for students in rural areas, and increasing needs to stimulate student motivation. In this article, we introduce the design, development, and implementation of a stand-alone package of multilayer videos that can be delivered to learners with or without internet access. The multilayer videos simulate real classroom environments and learning experiences to facilitate remote learning, and consist of three layers: session guidance videos (Layer 1), content instructional videos (Layer 2), and activity videos (Layer 3). The session guidance videos provide students with a road map of the class session. The content instructional videos are designed to introduce the course content. The activity videos are developed to enhance hands-on learning activities. A case study was conducted in which we used such multilayer videos to teach right triangle trigonometry. Preliminary results from the case study showed that most students gained knowledge from watching the videos. In addition, students gave positive written feedback on the multilayer videos. However, they still preferred the conventional in-person learning approach to the multilayer video learning approach. We provide our suggestions on designing multilayer videos to enhance remote learning.
在新冠肺炎疫情期间,教师面临着各种挑战,包括远程教学技能和知识的缺乏、农村地区学生网络不稳定或无法上网、激发学生积极性的需求日益增加等。在这篇文章中,我们介绍了一个独立的多层视频包的设计、开发和实现,可以在有或没有互联网接入的情况下交付给学习者。多层视频模拟真实的课堂环境和学习体验,以促进远程学习,由三层组成:会话指导视频(第一层),内容教学视频(第二层)和活动视频(第三层)。会话指导视频为学生提供了课堂的路线图。内容教学视频是用来介绍课程内容的。制作活动视频是为了加强实践学习活动。以该多层视频为例,进行了直角三角形三角学的教学。案例研究的初步结果表明,大多数学生通过观看视频获得知识。此外,学生们对多层视频给出了积极的书面反馈。然而,他们仍然更喜欢传统的面对面学习方法,而不是多层视频学习方法。本文提出了设计多层视频以增强远程学习的建议。
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引用次数: 4
Special Issue: Technology’s Challenge in K-12 and Higher Education: Dealing with a ­Worldwide Pandemic Guest Editors: 特刊:技术在K-12和高等教育中的挑战:应对全球流行病
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1989232
Li-Ting Chen, Leping Liu, Karen Pugh
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引用次数: 0
About the Guest Editors 关于特邀编辑
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1989233
(2021). About the Guest Editors. Computers in the Schools: Vol. 38, Technology’s Challenge in K-12 and Higher Education to Deal with a Worldwide Pandemic, pp. 384-384.
(2021)。关于特邀编辑计算机在学校:第38卷,技术的挑战在K-12和高等教育应对全球流行病,第384-384页。
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引用次数: 0
Employing Google Classroom to Teach Female Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间利用谷歌课堂教授女学生
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1988318
Safia Tarteer, Amjad Badah, Zuheir N. Khlaif
Abstract This study sought to understand the experiences of female 11th-graders in English classes that used Google Classroom applications during emergent e-learning due to COVID-19. Teachers and students used Google Classroom in place of face-to-face learning in Palestine as required by the Ministry of Education. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews was used to explore the experience of students using Google Classroom, with thematic analysis to analyze the data. Results indicated that most students were interested in using the Google Classroom application; however, the findings revealed that some students preferred face-to-face learning over the Google Classroom application because they suffered from internet speed issues. The study suggests that in training teachers and students on how to use Google Classroom more effectively the Ministry of Education should play a vital role in encouraging both teachers and students to use this application for teaching purposes.
摘要本研究旨在了解新冠肺炎导致的紧急电子学习期间,女性11年级学生在英语课堂上使用谷歌课堂应用程序的经历。根据教育部的要求,教师和学生在巴勒斯坦使用谷歌课堂代替面对面学习。采用半结构化访谈的定性方法来探索学生使用谷歌课堂的体验,并通过主题分析来分析数据。结果表明,大多数学生对使用谷歌课堂应用程序感兴趣;然而,调查结果显示,一些学生更喜欢面对面学习,而不是谷歌课堂应用程序,因为他们存在网速问题。该研究表明,在培训教师和学生如何更有效地使用谷歌课堂方面,教育部应在鼓励教师和学生将该应用程序用于教学目的方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 9
Path Analysis of Internal and External Factors Associated with Parental Satisfaction over K-12 Online Learning 影响K-12在线学习家长满意度的内外因素的通径分析
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1988319
H. Hinderliter, Y. Xie, K. Ladendorf, H. Muehsler
Abstract This study examined parents’ perception of their child’s learning experience during COVID-19. Data were collected from 153 U.S. parents’ responses to an online survey. Findings showed that parents’ satisfaction with the spring 2020 leap to online learning depended on the degree to which their child was a “good fit” (as evidenced by positive learning outcomes and low parental anxiety) with the online learning experience, as predicted by the person-situation fit theory of satisfaction. Students’ own barriers to learning was the strongest predictor of parental anxiety, among the examined internal and external factors. Furthermore, increases in parental anxiety had a strong negative correlation with perceived learning outcome, which mediated these factors’ relationship with parental satisfaction. None of the examined external factors (e.g., parental support) were significant predictors of parent-perceived learning outcome and parental anxiety. Recommendations are made for schools to support students’ ability to work independently and develop time management skills.
摘要本研究调查了新冠肺炎期间父母对孩子学习经历的认知。数据收集自153 美国家长对一项在线调查的回应。研究结果表明,父母对2020年春季在线学习的满意度取决于他们的孩子在多大程度上“非常适合”在线学习体验(积极的学习结果和低父母焦虑证明了这一点),正如人-情-适配满意度理论所预测的那样。在调查的内部和外部因素中,学生自身的学习障碍是父母焦虑的最强预测因素。此外,父母焦虑的增加与感知的学习结果呈强烈的负相关,这在这些因素与父母满意度的关系中起到了中介作用。所检查的外部因素(如父母支持)都不是父母感知学习结果和父母焦虑的重要预测因素。建议学校支持学生独立工作和发展时间管理技能的能力。
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引用次数: 3
Going Online during a National Emergency: What College Students Have to Say 国家紧急状态下上网:大学生有什么好说的
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1988316
Debra R. Sprague, Michelle K. Wilbern
Abstract Using an online survey, this mixed-method study was designed to understand how college students responded to the transition at mid-semester to online learning from face-to-face courses due to a global pandemic. The student responses indicated that the transition was not successful. Students mentioned issues with the limitations of the online format, personal struggles with time management or motivation, and diminishing quality of instruction. A summary of the study findings and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
摘要通过一项在线调查,这项混合方法研究旨在了解大学生如何应对全球疫情导致的学期中期从面对面课程向在线学习的转变。学生的回答表明,过渡并不成功。学生们提到了在线形式的局限性、个人在时间管理或动机方面的困难以及教学质量的下降等问题。对研究结果进行了总结,并对未来的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating Classroom Technology: South African Mathematics Teachers 整合课堂技术:南非数学教师
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1953951
M. Graham, G. Stols, Ruan Kapp
Abstract Studies have shown that when mathematics teachers integrate technology in their classrooms, the applications tend to be routine rather than transformational. Since limited research has been undertaken on integrating technology in teaching mathematics in developing countries, this study investigates which technologies South African teachers are integrating in their classrooms and how. This quantitative study showed that, although the most commonly used technology was a laptop/computer, the use of data projectors as teaching aids was most effective. Further investigation indicated that 72% of participants used a data projector as a substitute for the chalkboard or overhead projector and did not change their teaching when integrating technology. This study found that it is important to create professional development programs that focus on training teachers to make fundamental pedagogical shifts when integrating technology in their classrooms.
摘要研究表明,当数学教师在课堂上整合技术时,应用往往是常规的,而不是转换的。由于在发展中国家将技术融入数学教学的研究有限,本研究调查了南非教师在课堂上融入了哪些技术以及如何融入。这项定量研究表明,尽管最常用的技术是笔记本电脑,但使用数据投影仪作为教学辅助工具是最有效的。进一步的调查表明,72%的参与者使用数据投影仪来代替黑板或投影仪,并且在集成技术时没有改变他们的教学。这项研究发现,创建专业发展计划非常重要,该计划侧重于培训教师在课堂上整合技术时进行基本的教学转变。
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引用次数: 3
Effect of Text-to-Speech and Human Reader on Listening Comprehension for Students with Learning Disabilities 语篇转换和人类读者对学习障碍学生听力理解的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1953362
David A. Brunow, T. Cullen
Abstract Students with learning disabilities in reading often have difficulty with comprehension. Four participants with learning disabilities, ages 16 and 17, were assessed in listening comprehension to determine the effects of two treatments, text-to-speech and human reader. Results of this single subject, alternating treatments study indicate that student mean scores on excerpts and multiple-choice listening comprehension quizzes from a required grade level reading were greater during the human reader treatment. Implications and conclusions of this study revealed that text-to-speech may benefit students with learning disabilities who struggle with reading and comprehension when used as a supplement to explicit teacher instruction; however, the text-to-speech was not as effective as a human reader on listening comprehension for students with learning disabilities.
阅读有学习障碍的学生通常在理解上有困难。四名年龄分别为16岁和17岁的学习障碍参与者在听力理解方面进行了评估,以确定两种治疗方法的效果,即文本转语音和人类读者。这项单主题交替治疗研究的结果表明,在人类读者治疗期间,学生在要求年级水平阅读的摘录和多项选择听力理解测验中的平均分数更高。本研究的意义和结论表明,文本语言转换作为显性教师教学的补充,可能对阅读和理解困难的学习障碍学生有益;然而,对于有学习障碍的学生来说,文本转语音在听力理解方面不如人类读者有效。
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引用次数: 3
An Exploration of Educators’ Technology Integration in the Middle Grades 中学教育工作者技术整合探索
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2021.1953654
Erik Kormos
Abstract This research explored teacher in-school educational technology use for middle grades instruction. A quantitative investigation examined adoption of technology, sources of acquired skills, use frequencies, perceived effectiveness, and barriers to integration. A total of 796 participants employed across a Mid-Atlantic state from various demographic backgrounds responded to the researcher-developed questionnaire. Findings revealed document creation and presentation programs were most commonly used and perceived as the most effective tools to enhance student learning. Teachers voiced displeasure for video and audio-editing software, as well as social networking. Participants indicated personal trial and error as the most likely way to acquire new knowledge. Teacher perspectives offer unique insight and provide an opportunity to further discussion of educational technologies. By better understanding educators’ use of technology in the middle grades, current teachers and administrators, as well as teacher preparation instructors, may design more reflective curricula. It is recommended that future research be performed on a multi-state or regional basis to investigate technology integration at the elementary and young adult grade levels to best prepare future teachers and keep current professionals abreast of research-based best practices.
摘要本研究探讨了中学教师在学校教育技术教学中的应用。一项定量调查考察了技术的采用、获得技能的来源、使用频率、感知的有效性和融合的障碍。共有796名来自大西洋中部各州的参与者对研究人员编制的问卷做出了回应。研究结果显示,文档创建和演示程序是最常用的,被认为是增强学生学习的最有效工具。老师们表达了对视频和音频编辑软件以及社交网络的不满。参与者表示,个人试错是获得新知识的最有可能的方式。教师视角提供了独特的见解,并为进一步讨论教育技术提供了机会。通过更好地了解教育工作者在中学使用技术的情况,现任教师和管理人员以及教师准备教师可以设计更具反思性的课程。建议未来在多个州或地区的基础上进行研究,以调查小学和青少年年级的技术整合,为未来的教师做好最佳准备,并让现有专业人员了解基于研究的最佳实践。
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引用次数: 1
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COMPUTERS IN THE SCHOOLS
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