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Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences最新文献

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Administrative and Technological Innovation: The Indirect Effects of Organizational Culture and Leadership 行政与技术创新:组织文化与领导的间接影响
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.24193/tras.68e.3
Hakyeon Lee, J. S. Butler, Joowon Jeong
"Administrative innovation is defined as changes to the rules and structures that characterize the communication methods and work of employees within an organization, and technological innovation refers to the implementation of programs and services. This study examines the relationship between administrative and technological innovation using two environmental factors, namely leadership and organizational culture, as indirect variables. Using structural equation modeling on a 2015 Korea Institute of Public Administration survey, this study finds that there are no direct effects between administrative innovation and technological innovation. However, results indicate that a strong organizational culture positively affects the relationship between administrative and technological innovation, and leadership in an organization plays a similar role to that of organizational culture. These findings suggest that changing the rules of are organization alone is not enough to lead to technological innovation, which must be supported by a strong culture and leadership. "
“行政创新被定义为改变组织内员工沟通方法和工作的规则和结构,技术创新指的是项目和服务的实施。本研究以领导与组织文化两个环境因素作为间接变量,探讨行政与技术创新的关系。利用结构方程模型对2015年韩国行政研究院的调查结果进行分析,发现行政创新与技术创新之间不存在直接影响。然而,研究结果表明,强大的组织文化正向影响管理创新与技术创新的关系,并且组织中的领导与组织文化具有相似的作用。这些发现表明,仅仅改变组织的规则不足以导致技术创新,技术创新必须得到强大的文化和领导力的支持。”
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引用次数: 0
Quality Evaluation of E-Government Services – The Case of Albania 电子政务服务质量评估——以阿尔巴尼亚为例
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.24193/tras.68e.2
R. Keco, Ilir Tomorri, Kejsi Tomorri
"Albania has passed a period of three decades in the shift from a centralized to a market economy. In this context, the public sector is confronted by structural changes at the institutional level and the extension and improvement of public services. Electronic services’ quality is a critical issue for the failure or success of e-government objectives. It promotes government efficiency and effectiveness, citizen engagement, and satisfaction. The trend to use electronic services in Albania is similarly driven by efforts to reduce public sector corruption, improve service performance, and reduce costs. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the citizen’s perception of the importance and the quality of e-services provision by the e-Albania gateway, as well as obstacles and challenges of the future. Based on the main types of services provided by the e-Albania platform, twelve indicators were considered. The survey took place in Albania (Tirana region), wherein 190 questionnaires are applied. The main reason for this selection is that Tirana is the largest region of the country, with about 50% of the population concentration and the highest number of users of the government electronic platform. The variables used are qualitative variables and were measured according to the Likert scale (1–5 estimation, from 1–strongly disagree to 5–strongly agree). Each of the main variables is explained and measured through the evaluation of three to five explanatory questions. Through the SPSS program, cluster analysis was used to evaluate the main variables. By analyzing the collected data, it turns out that there is an obvious increase in the number of public services offered, as well as the perception of citizens for the e-services provided by the government platform."
“阿尔巴尼亚已经度过了从中央集权经济向市场经济转变的三十年。在这种情况下,公共部门面临着体制层面的结构变化以及公共服务的扩展和改进。电子服务的质量是电子政务目标成败的关键问题。它提高了政府的效率和效果积极性、公民参与度和满意度。阿尔巴尼亚使用电子服务的趋势同样受到减少公共部门腐败、提高服务绩效和降低成本的努力的推动。本文的目标是评估公民对电子阿尔巴尼亚门户提供电子服务的重要性和质量的看法,以及未来的障碍和挑战。根据电子阿尔巴尼亚平台提供的主要服务类型,审议了12项指标。调查在阿尔巴尼亚(地拉那地区)进行,共使用190份问卷。之所以选择地拉那,主要是因为地拉那是该国最大的地区,人口集中度约为50%,也是政府电子平台用户数量最多的地区。使用的变量是定性变量,并根据Likert量表进行测量(1-5估计,从1-强烈不同意到5-强烈同意)。每一个主要变量都是通过对三到五个解释性问题的评估来解释和衡量的。通过SPSS软件对主要变量进行聚类分析。通过分析收集的数据,发现提供的公共服务数量明显增加,公民对政府平台提供的电子服务的感知也明显增加。“
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引用次数: 0
Digital Participation Framework for Mountain Areas in Serbia 塞尔维亚山区数字参与框架
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.24193/tras.68e.5
Marijana Pantić, Nataša Čolić
Planning practice in Serbia is influenced by the transition to more efficient governance, including the digitalization of public administration. Urban areas adapt faster to new requirements in comparison to digital transition in rural areas (RA) and mountain areas (MA). This research aims to provide an understanding of the contextual factors for digital public participation in MA in the example of Serbia, with a focus on the Golija-Studenica Biosphere Reserve. The analysis is based on the contextual factors recognized in the recent literature and their testing through the available statistical data. The results suggest that RA, especially MA, have advantages in comparison to the national average only regarding a smaller share of vulnerable groups, including women. On the other hand, disadvantages are an aging population, a low level of technological equipment, and accessibility to technological advancement and knowledge. Findings suggest that future public participation formats in MA should be hybrid.
塞尔维亚的规划实践受到向更有效治理(包括公共行政数字化)过渡的影响。与农村地区(RA)和山区(MA)的数字化转型相比,城市地区适应新要求的速度更快。本研究旨在以塞尔维亚为例,以Golija-Studenica生物圈保护区为重点,了解数字公众参与MA的背景因素。分析是基于在最近的文献中认识到的背景因素,并通过现有的统计数据进行测试。结果表明,与全国平均水平相比,RA,特别是MA,仅在包括妇女在内的一小部分弱势群体中具有优势。另一方面,不利因素是人口老龄化,技术装备水平低,技术进步和知识难以获得。研究结果表明,未来MA的公众参与形式应该是混合的。
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引用次数: 0
"What Makes Education Policy Transfer Successful? The Case of the National Assessment and Examination Center of Georgia " “是什么让教育政策转移成功?”格鲁吉亚国家评估与考试中心案例
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.24193/tras.68e.7
Sandro Tabatadze, Salome Dundua
In education policymaking, policy transfer can be seen as one of the practical tools. The cons and pros of the process are clearly manifested in post-socialist countries where the education system started to change fundamentally after regaining independence in line with increased interest from donor organizations. The article deals with the process of education policy transfer based on the case of the National Assessment and Examination Center of Georgia. The proposed orthodox framework of policy transfer and data analysis allows us to draw main conclusions to answer the research question: what makes education policy transfer successful? Besides hindering factors, such as challenging socio-cultural environment and vertical administration of the education system, there are some facilitating factors: continuous political support, a motivated team that knows how to build organizational culture, communicate effectively with all stakeholders, feels the local context, and tries to establish foreign policy transfer networks. These key determinants can make education policy transfer successful. The methodological approach and conclusions of the article can be used by scholars from post-socialist education research and beyond who are interested in determining the causes and results of education policy transfer.
在教育政策制定中,政策转移可以看作是一种实用的工具。这一过程的利弊在后社会主义国家明显体现出来,在这些国家,随着捐赠组织的兴趣增加,教育系统在恢复独立后开始发生根本性变化。本文以格鲁吉亚国家评估与考试中心为例,分析了教育政策转移的过程。提出的正统政策转移和数据分析框架使我们能够得出主要结论来回答研究问题:是什么使教育政策转移成功?除了具有挑战性的社会文化环境和教育系统的垂直管理等阻碍因素外,还有一些促进因素:持续的政治支持,一个知道如何建立组织文化,与所有利益相关者有效沟通,感受当地环境并试图建立外交政策转移网络的积极团队。这些关键决定因素可以使教育政策转移成功。本文的方法论方法和结论可供后社会主义教育研究领域及其他领域的学者使用,他们对确定教育政策转移的原因和结果感兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
From NPM to NWS in Europe 欧洲从国家预防机制到国家新闻系统
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.2
G. Bouckaert
"Even when NPM (New Public Management) was not fully implemented in continental Europe, it became clear that applying systematically performance driven market-type-mechanisms in the public sector was not really matching its administrative law framed system. Also, our future society and public sector will need a combined effort to ensure an inclusive service delivery, effective crises governance, and functional innovation. This will not be feasible with a pure market driven NPM, nor with a pure network driven NPG (New Public Governance). This contribution states that a neo-Weberian-State model has the capacity and the potential to deliver and ensure realizing the challenges for the future, following to the rule-of-law, in a democratic and inclusive way, from a ‘Whole of Government’ (WoG) perspective which is embedded in a ‘Whole of Society’ (WoS) context."
“即使新公共管理(NPM)在欧洲大陆没有得到充分实施,很明显,在公共部门系统地应用绩效驱动的市场类型机制并不真正符合其行政法框架体系。此外,我们未来的社会和公共部门需要共同努力,以确保包容性服务的提供、有效的危机治理和功能创新。这对于纯市场驱动的NPM和纯网络驱动的NPG(新公共治理)来说都是不可行的。这一贡献表明,新韦伯国家模式有能力和潜力提供并确保实现未来的挑战,遵循法治,以民主和包容的方式,从“整体政府”(WoG)的角度来看,嵌入“整体社会”(WoS)的背景下。
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引用次数: 1
"A Think Piece: Setting an Agenda for Pedagogical Research and Scholarship: Key Questions for Public Administration Scholars, Practitioners, and Leaders — Why the next Decade of Pedagogical Research and Scholarship Matters" 《思考篇:为教学研究和学术设置议程:公共管理学者、实践者和领导者的关键问题——为什么下一个十年的教学研究和学术很重要》
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.3
J. Diamond
"The period from the late 1980s to the present has been one of change and disruption at all levels of contemporary public administration. It is possible to categorize this period of change through different lenses from those of social and economic issues to those of significant political and environmental changes. At different times over the last forty years these changes have disrupted the existing institutions of government in nation states and the assumed models of governance and administration. The focus of these changes has often concentrated on the impact they have had on civil society, communities and nation states including the roles of representative governments. Less attention has been paid to the ways in which public administration pedagogues and scholars adapt to these changes and adapt their ways of working or understanding the context within which they function. This Think Piece seeks to identify what the changes have led to in terms of the pedagogical questions they raise; the issues that inform the design of the curriculum; and the implications these have for the education and training as well as the continuing professional development of practitioners and leaders of public administration."
“从1980年代末到现在,是当代公共行政各级发生变化和中断的时期。可以通过从社会和经济问题到重大政治和环境变化的不同角度对这一变化时期进行分类。在过去四十年的不同时期,这些变化扰乱了民族国家现有的政府机构以及假定的治理和行政模式。这些变化的焦点往往集中在它们对公民社会、社区和民族国家的影响上,包括代议制政府的作用。很少注意公共行政教师和学者如何适应这些变化,以及如何调整他们的工作方式或理解他们所处的环境。这篇思考文章试图从这些变化引发的教学问题的角度来确定这些变化导致了什么;为课程设计提供信息的问题;这些都对公共管理的从业者和领导者的教育和培训以及持续的专业发展产生了影响。”
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引用次数: 0
"Democratic Decline and Public Administration: What Is to Be Done?" “民主衰落与公共行政:该做些什么?”
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.10
Allan Rosenbaum
"This article discusses in an essay style the challenges currently facing many of our local communities and national governments, and society more generally, which are substantial and profoundly concerning. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has only added another layer of complexity. The author notes the increasing fragility of democratic institutions in many nations and the growing prevalence of autocratic leadership in countries that traditionally have been perceived as stable democracies. There are two critical issues discussed more in-depth. These are, first, a significant decline, especially in democratic nations, over the past several decades in government resources and capacity. This increasingly limits the ability of these countries to respond to the most critical needs of their societies. Second is the profoundly destabilizing, worldwide growth in inequality which frequently underlies the declining public confidence in democratic governments."
“这篇文章以散文的形式讨论了我们许多地方社区和国家政府以及更广泛的社会目前面临的挑战,这些挑战是实质性的,令人深感担忧。最近的新冠肺炎大流行只会增加另一层复杂性。作者指出,许多国家的民主制度日益脆弱,汽车日益流行传统上被视为稳定民主国家的官僚领导。有两个关键问题进行了更深入的讨论。首先,在过去几十年中,政府资源和能力大幅下降,尤其是在民主国家。这越来越限制了这些国家满足其社会最关键需求的能力。第二,世界范围内不平等现象的严重破坏稳定,这往往是公众对民主政府信心下降的原因。“
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引用次数: 1
The Low Demand for Public Administration Programs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia: What May Be Behind It? 捷克共和国和斯洛伐克对公共管理课程的低需求:背后可能是什么?
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.7
Robert Jahoda, I. Maly, J. Nemec, David Špaček
"The importance of public administration (PA) education and training is obvious, any effective public administration system needs an influx of a new and well-educated workforce. Compared to the (relatively) better situation in other Central and Eastern European countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia represent a very specific case – the falling number of students in PA programs threatens the existence of the only programs with international accreditation (those at Masaryk University Brno and Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica). The aim of this paper was to investigate the reasons why so few students apply and enroll in these EAPAA-accredited programs. Qualitative research is used to achieve this goal. In the opinion of the program chairs and our secondary analysis, there are multiple factors behind the very low level of demand which critically threatens the existence of the best master programs in the countries studied. A very specific issue that appears to be unique for both countries is free public university education with unregulated demand. Such an environment, combined with the performance- based funding of public universities and other higher education institutions, where the number of students is a decisive factor in the amount of the public grant to the university, generates an oversupply of places offered to secondary school graduates. The role of other potential barriers for the interest to study public administration is catalyzed by the ‘oversupply’ conditions. The questionnaire, the statements of program chairs, and our secondary analysis confirm that there is a role to be played by monitoring other potential barriers — the fact that programs are run in economics faculties, limited trust in politicians, government and public administration, the system of access to the civil service and salary levels in the public sector."
“公共行政教育和培训的重要性是显而易见的,任何有效的公共行政系统都需要大量新的受过良好教育的劳动力。与其他中欧和东欧国家(相对)较好的情况相比,捷克共和国和斯洛伐克代表了一个非常具体的案例-私人助理课程学生人数的下降威胁到仅有的具有国际认证的课程(布尔诺马萨里克大学和班斯卡比斯特里察的Matej Bel大学)的存在。本文的目的是调查为什么很少有学生申请和注册这些eapaa认证的项目。质性研究是用来实现这一目标的。在项目主席和我们的二次分析中,需求水平非常低的背后有多种因素,这些因素严重威胁到所研究国家中最好的硕士课程的存在。一个非常具体的问题,似乎是独特的两个国家是免费的公立大学教育与不受管制的需求。在这样的环境下,再加上公立大学和其他高等教育机构的拨款以表现为基础,学生人数是公立大学获得公共拨款的决定性因素,导致中学毕业生的入学名额供过于求。对研究公共行政的兴趣的其他潜在障碍的作用是由“供过于求”的条件催化的。调查问卷、项目主席的陈述以及我们的二次分析证实,监测其他潜在的障碍是有作用的,这些障碍包括:项目是在经济学院开展的,对政治家、政府和公共行政部门的信任有限,进入公务员制度和公共部门的工资水平。”
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引用次数: 0
University and Community: An Essential Partnership for the Future 大学与社区:未来的重要伙伴关系
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.6
C. Hințea, R. Hamlin, B. Neamțu
"The last three decades have witnessed a growing body of literature on the changing role and functions of universities. Concepts such as the ‘engaged university’ ‘multiversity’ and ‘university as a complex enterprise’ have been discussed and evaluated by academics and practitioners. More recently, scholars have also turned their attention to the role of universities within the framework of local innovation ecosystems. The current research investigates how, through a variety of engagement related functions, universities can foster social, economic, and technological development in the cities that host them. The analysis is based on qualitative research conducted in both U.S. and Romania with key respondents from universities. In addition, for Romania the authors have also included main findings from their experience as consultants for the city of Cluj-Napoca for strategic planning activities."
“在过去的三十年里,关于大学角色和功能变化的文献越来越多。学术界和从业者对‘参与型大学’、‘多元大学’和‘大学作为一个复杂企业’等概念进行了讨论和评估。最近,学者们也将注意力转向了大学在框架内的角色rk。目前的研究调查了大学如何通过各种与参与相关的职能,促进所在城市的社会、经济和技术发展。该分析基于美国和罗马尼亚对大学主要受访者进行的定性研究。此外,对于罗马尼亚,作者还包括了他们作为克卢日-纳波卡市战略规划活动顾问的主要发现。“
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引用次数: 0
"Public Administration Reform in Romania: Assessing the Past and Looking Into the Future" 罗马尼亚的公共行政改革:回顾过去,展望未来
IF 1 4区 管理学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2022.9
Constantin M. Profiroiu, Ionuț Ciprian Negoiță
"This article provides an account of the transformational capacity of Romanian public administration in relation to four main aspects: (1) human resource performance and integrity; (2) territorial, functional and institutional decentralization; (3) public policies and (4) capitalizing on the digital and innovative component. The Romania case study highlights the gradual transformation of public administration in the last 30 years, as a reaction to the emergence of economic, social and political crises. For an imperative and irreversible change, we have identified directions for capitalizing on opportunities and good practices in the matter, in the context of the intensified integration process in NATO and the EU. We have analyzed the strategic documents on strengthening and accelerating the transformation of public administration and highlighted the need for the interconnection and interdependence of its four pillars to meet the specific objectives of Horizon 2030. For decision-makers, practitioners and researchers, this article aims to stimulate and contribute to the dedicated public debate and consultation of coherent, predictable and sustainable legislation and practices in the matter."
“这篇文章从四个主要方面说明了罗马尼亚公共行政的变革能力:(1)人力资源绩效和廉正;(2)地域、职能和机构分权;(3)公共政策;(4)利用数字化和创新要素。罗马尼亚个案研究突出表明,在过去30年中,作为对出现的经济、社会和政治危机的反应,公共行政逐渐发生了转变。为了实现势在必行和不可逆转的变革,我们已经确定了在北约和欧盟加强一体化进程的背景下利用这一问题上的机会和良好做法的方向。我们分析了关于加强和加快公共行政转型的战略文件,强调了四大支柱之间相互联系和相互依存的必要性,以实现“地平线2030”的具体目标。对于决策者、从业人员和研究人员来说,本文旨在刺激和促进有关这一问题的连贯、可预测和可持续的立法和实践的专门公共辩论和协商。”
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引用次数: 0
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Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences
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