Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献_第5页

Reduction in calcium responses to whisker stimulation in the primary somatosensory and motor cortices of the model mouse with trigeminal neuropathic pain 三叉神经痛模型小鼠初级躯体感觉皮层和运动皮层对胡须刺激的钙反应减少

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.06.003

Objective

Chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve induces neuropathic pain, such as allodynia and hyperalgesia, in the orofacial area. However, the changes in the local circuits of the central nervous system following CCI remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the changes following CCI in Thy1-GCaMP6s transgenic mice.

Methods

Neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and motor cortex (M1) following whisker stimulation was assessed using in vivo Ca²⁺ imaging. CCI-induced changes in responses were analyzed.

Results

Before CCI, whisker stimulation induced a greater Ca²⁺ response in the contralateral S1 than in the ipsilateral S1 and contralateral M1. The peak Ca²⁺ response amplitude in the bilateral S1 and contralateral M1 decreased two days after CCI compared to before CCI. Decreased Ca²⁺ response amplitude in these regions was observed until four days after CCI. Seven days after CCI, the Ca²⁺ response amplitude in the contralateral S1 decreased, whereas that in the ipsilateral S1 and contralateral M1 recovered to control levels.

Conclusion

These results suggest that neural activity in regions receiving excitatory inputs via corticocortical pathways recovers earlier than in regions receiving thalamocortical inputs. (185/250 words)

目的眶下神经慢性收缩性损伤（CCI）会诱发口面部神经病理性疼痛，如异痛症和痛觉减退。然而，CCI 后中枢神经系统局部回路的变化仍不清楚。本研究旨在确定Thy1-GCaMP6s转基因小鼠在CCI后的变化：方法：使用体内 Ca2+ 成像技术评估了初级躯体感觉皮层（S1）和运动皮层（M1）在胡须刺激后的神经活动。分析了CCI引起的反应变化：结果：CCI 前，胡须刺激在对侧 S1 引起的 Ca2+ 反应大于同侧 S1 和对侧 M1。与CCI前相比，CCI两天后双侧S1和对侧M1的峰值Ca2+反应幅度减小。这些区域的 Ca2+ 反应幅度下降一直持续到 CCI 后四天。CCI七天后，对侧S1的Ca2+反应幅度下降，而同侧S1和对侧M1的Ca2+反应幅度恢复到控制水平：这些结果表明，通过皮层通路接受兴奋性输入的区域的神经活动比接受丘脑皮层输入的区域恢复得更早。(185/250字）。

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引用次数: 0

Two-component regulatory system TCS08 of a serotype 4 strain in pneumococcal pneumonia pathogenesis 血清 4 型菌株的双组分调控系统 TCS08 在肺炎球菌肺炎发病机制中的作用。

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.06.001

Objectives

Streptococcus pneumoniae, a human respiratory pathogen, causes diseases with severe morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The two-component regulatory system (TCS) is an important signaling pathway that enables regulation of gene expression in response to environmental cues, thereby allowing an organism to adapt to a variety of host niches. Here we examined the contribution of pneumococcal TCS08 to bacterial colonization, the development of pneumonia, and pulmonary dysfunction.

Methods

We employed an hk08 knockout mutant (Δhk08) with a background of the TIGR4 wild-type (WT) strain to verify whether TCS08 is associated with bacterial colonization and the development of pneumonia in a murine infection model. To clarify the association of hk08 inactivation-induced phenotypic changes with their virulence, we examined pneumococcal capsule production, colony morphology, and surface-displayed protein profiles.

Results

Pneumococcal TCS08 was involved in bacterial colonization in the respiratory tract. Interruption of the signaling pathway of TCS08 by hk08 inactivation impaired mouse survival and increased the bacterial burden within the respiratory tract. Furthermore, a histopathological examination revealed massive inflammatory cell infiltration, edema formation, and diffuse alveolar damage in the lung tissues of mice infected with Δhk08 versus the WT or complemented strain. Interestingly, virulence-associated phenotype changes, including capsule production, increased chain length, and surface-displayed protein profile, were observed in the Δhk08 strain.

Conclusions

The present findings indicate that TCS08 contributes to pneumococcal colonization and pulmonary dysfunction by assisting adaptation to the respiratory tract milieu, leading to the development of pneumonia.

目的：肺炎链球菌是一种人类呼吸道病原体，在全球范围内导致严重的发病率和死亡率。双组分调控系统（TCS）是一种重要的信号通路，可根据环境线索调控基因表达，从而使生物体适应各种宿主环境。在此，我们研究了肺炎球菌 TCS08 对细菌定植、肺炎发展和肺功能障碍的贡献：方法：我们采用了以 TIGR4 野生型（WT）菌株为背景的 hk08 基因敲除突变体（Δhk08），在小鼠感染模型中验证了 TCS08 是否与细菌定植和肺炎的发生有关。为了明确 hk08 灭活诱导的表型变化与其毒力的关系，我们检测了肺炎球菌胶囊的产生、菌落形态和表面显示的蛋白质谱：结果：肺炎球菌 TCS08 参与了呼吸道的细菌定植。通过使 hk08 失活来中断 TCS08 的信号通路会降低小鼠的存活率，并增加呼吸道内的细菌负担。此外，组织病理学检查显示，与 WT 株或补体株相比，感染了 Δhk08 的小鼠肺组织中存在大量炎性细胞浸润、水肿形成和弥漫性肺泡损伤。有趣的是，在Δhk08菌株中观察到了与毒力相关的表型变化，包括胶囊的产生、链长的增加以及表面显示的蛋白质特征：本研究结果表明，TCS08通过帮助适应呼吸道环境，导致肺炎球菌定植和肺功能障碍。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the treatment of oral ulcerative mucositis from clinical and basic perspectives 从临床和基础角度看口腔溃疡性粘膜炎治疗的最新进展。

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.06.002

Background

Oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) is common in patients with cancer, particularly in those undergoing chemoradiation therapy. The effective management of OUM is crucial for continuous cancer care and patient well-being. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the causes, leading to clinical trials toward novel treatments. This review focuses on the contemporary therapeutic landscape, and provides the latest insights into the mechanisms of mucosal healing and pain.

Highlights

Management strategies for OUM in patients with cancer include maintaining good oral hygiene, reducing mucosal irritation against radiation, and using various topical analgesic treatments, including herbal medicines. However, the current management practices have limitations that necessitate the development of more efficacious and novel treatments. Molecular research on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the oral mucosa is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of wound healing and pain in patients with OUM. Targeting TRPV3 and TRPV4 can enhance wound healing through re-epithelialization. The suppression of TRPV1, TRPA1, and TRPV4 may be effective in alleviating OUM-induced pain.

Conclusion

Research advancements have improved our understanding and potentially led to novel treatments that offer symptomatic relief. This progress highlights the importance of collaborations between clinical researchers and scientists in the development of innovative therapies.

背景：口腔溃疡性粘膜炎（OUM）常见于癌症患者，尤其是接受化疗放疗的患者。有效控制口腔溃疡性粘膜炎对持续的癌症护理和患者的健康至关重要。近期的研究加深了我们对其病因的了解，并促成了新型治疗方法的临床试验。本综述重点介绍当代治疗方法，并提供有关粘膜愈合和疼痛机制的最新见解：癌症患者口腔溃疡性粘膜炎的治疗策略包括保持良好的口腔卫生、减少辐射对粘膜的刺激、使用各种局部镇痛治疗（包括草药）。然而，目前的治疗方法存在局限性，因此有必要开发更有效的新型疗法。口腔粘膜瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道的分子研究对于了解口腔溃疡患者的伤口愈合和疼痛机制至关重要。靶向 TRP V 亚家族成员 3（V3）和 TRPV4 可以通过再上皮化促进伤口愈合。抑制 TRPV1、TRPA1 和 TRPV4 可有效缓解 OUM 引起的疼痛：研究进展提高了我们的认识，并有可能开发出缓解症状的新型疗法。这一进展凸显了临床研究人员与科学家合作开发创新疗法的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay affects hyperactive root formation in oculo-facio-cardio-dental syndrome via up-frameshift protein 1” [J Oral Biosci 66(1) March 2024 Pages 225–231] 更正："Nonsense-介导的 mRNA 衰变通过上帧移位蛋白 1 影响眼-面-心-牙综合征的牙根过度活跃形成" [J Oral Biosci 66(1) March 2024 Pages 225-231] （口腔生物科学杂志 66(1) March 2024 第 225-231 页

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.003

Ryoto Machida, Takuya Ogawa, Kyaw Min Soe, Keiji Moriyama

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of compound action potentials in the frog sciatic nerve by inchinkoto, a traditional Japanese medicine used for oral mucositis 用于治疗口腔黏膜炎的日本传统药物寸金藤对蛙坐骨神经复合动作电位的抑制。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.001

Mayuko Nishimura , Suguru Taniguchi , Sachio Tamaoki , Tsugumi Fujita

Objective

This study aimed to determine the effects of traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicines used to treat oral mucositis on nerve conduction.

Methods

The effects of Kampo medicines, crude drugs, and chemical compounds on compound action potentials (CAPs) were analyzed using extracellular recordings in frog sciatic nerves.

Results

Among the Kampo medicines, inchinkoto demonstrated the most significant reduction in CAP amplitude, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 5.4 mg/mL. Hangeshashinto, shosaikoto, hochuekkito, and juzentaihoto also showed a significant reduction. Regarding inchinkoto, Artemisiae Capillari Spica (artemisia) was the most effective crude drug, with an IC₅₀ of 4.2 mg/mL for CAP amplitude reduction, whereas Gardeniae Fructus (gardenia) exerted no significant effect. However, the combined use of artemisia and gardenia reduced the CAP amplitude more effectively than artemisia alone, indicating a synergistic interaction. The chemical ingredient eugenol from artemisia administered at 1 and 3 mmol/L reduced CAP amplitude, whereas other chemical ingredients administered at 0.1 and 1 mmol/L had no significant effects.

Conclusions

Inchinkoto exhibited the most effective reduction in CAP amplitude in the sciatic nerve of frogs, primarily through the action of artemisia, with potential synergistic interaction between artemisia and gardenia.

研究目的本研究旨在确定用于治疗口腔黏膜炎的日本传统药物对神经传导的影响：方法：通过对青蛙坐骨神经的细胞外记录，分析康普药、粗制药物和化学合成物对复合动作电位（CAPs）的影响：结果：在各种堪布药中，寸金本能最显著地降低复合动作电位的振幅，其半最大抑制浓度（IC50）为 5.4 毫克/毫升。Hangeshashinto, shosaikoto, hochuekito 和 juzentaihoto 也有显著的抑制作用。关于寸金藤，青蒿（Artemisiae Capillari Spica）是最有效的粗制药物，其降低 CAP 振幅的 IC50 值为 4.2 毫克/毫升，而栀子（Gardeniae Fructus）则无明显效果。不过，与单独使用青蒿相比，联合使用青蒿和栀子能更有效地降低 CAP 振幅，这表明两者存在协同作用。青蒿中的化学成分丁香酚以 1 和 3 毫摩尔/升的浓度给药可降低 CAP 振幅，而其他化学成分以 0.1 和 1 毫摩尔/升的浓度给药则无明显效果：茵陈本草能最有效地降低蛙坐骨神经的 CAP 振幅，这主要是通过青蒿的作用实现的，青蒿和栀子之间可能存在协同作用。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic variations in exon 10 of ENAM and their association with early childhood caries ENAM第10外显子的基因变异及其与儿童早期龋齿的关系。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.04.004

Aruna Sharma , M.S. Muthu , Vettriselvi V , Sivakumar Nuvvula , Gayathri T

Objective

Enamelin is the largest enamel matrix protein encoded by the ENAM gene. The primary purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants in ENAM exon 10 that can alter susceptibility to early childhood caries (ECC).

Methods

This case-control study included 248 children aged 3–6 years, with 124 children diagnosed with ECC in the case group and 124 children without caries in the control group. Questionnaires were used to record demographic data, socioeconomic status, hygienic practices, and feeding practices, and a 24-h diet diary was kept. Seven polymorphisms (rs7671281, rs1738668322, rs3796703, rs3796704, rs759376039, rs775159311, and rs1738678483) in ENAM exon 10 were sequenced.

Results

The heterozygous CT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the case group compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR], 6.1765; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05–18.58; P = 0.0006). Under the dominant model, the TT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the control group (OR, 6.47; 95% CI, 2.15–19.39; P < 0.001). The AG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in the case group than in the control group (OR, 5.705; 95% CI, 1.60–20.25; P = 0.006). Under the dominant model, the GG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in children without caries than in children with caries (OR, 6.84; 95% CI, 1.96–23.90; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The C allele of rs7671281 and the A allele of rs3796704 can increase susceptibility to ECC.

目的namelin是由ENAM基因编码的最大的牙釉质基质蛋白。本研究的主要目的是确定ENAM外显子10中可改变儿童早期龋齿（early childhood caries，ECC）易感性的基因变异。方法本病例对照研究纳入了248名3-6岁的儿童，其中病例组包括124名被诊断患有ECC的儿童，对照组包括124名未患龋齿的儿童。研究人员通过问卷调查记录了儿童的人口统计学数据、社会经济状况、卫生习惯和喂养方式，并记录了 24 小时的饮食日记。对ENAM第10外显子中的7个多态性（rs7671281、rs1738668322、rs3796703、rs3796704、rs759376039、rs775159311和rs1738678483）进行了测序。结果与对照组相比，rs7671281的杂合CT基因型在病例组中明显更常见（几率比[OR]，6.1765；95%置信区间[CI]，2.05-18.58；P = 0.0006）。在显性模型下，rs7671281 的 TT 基因型在对照组中明显更常见（OR，6.47；95% CI，2.15-19.39；P <；0.001）。在病例组中，rs3796704 的 AG 基因型明显比对照组更常见（OR，5.705；95% CI，1.60-20.25；P = 0.006）。结论rs7671281的C等位基因和rs3796704的A等位基因可增加对ECC的易感性。

{"title":"Genetic variations in exon 10 of ENAM and their association with early childhood caries","authors":"Aruna Sharma , M.S. Muthu , Vettriselvi V , Sivakumar Nuvvula , Gayathri T","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Enamelin is the largest enamel matrix protein encoded by the <em>ENAM</em> gene. The primary purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants in <em>ENAM</em> exon 10 that can alter susceptibility to early childhood caries (ECC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This case-control study included 248 children aged 3–6 years, with 124 children diagnosed with ECC in the case group and 124 children without caries in the control group. Questionnaires were used to record demographic data, socioeconomic status, hygienic practices, and feeding practices, and a 24-h diet diary was kept. Seven polymorphisms (rs7671281, rs1738668322, rs3796703, rs3796704, rs759376039, rs775159311, and rs1738678483) in <em>ENAM</em> exon 10 were sequenced.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The heterozygous CT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the case group compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR], 6.1765; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05–18.58; P = 0.0006). Under the dominant model, the TT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the control group (OR, 6.47; 95% CI, 2.15–19.39; P < 0.001). The AG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in the case group than in the control group (OR, 5.705; 95% CI, 1.60–20.25; P = 0.006). Under the dominant model, the GG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in children without caries than in children with caries (OR, 6.84; 95% CI, 1.96–23.90; P < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The C allele of rs7671281 and the A allele of rs3796704 can increase susceptibility to ECC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 2","pages":"Pages 349-357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revolutionizing the diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis – Current strategies and future directions 彻底改变不可逆转性牙髓炎的诊断--当前策略和未来方向。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.006

Raksha Bhat , Shishir Shetty , Praveen Rai , Ballamoole Krishna Kumar , Preethesh Shetty

Background

Pulpitis primarily arises from the pulp space infection by oral microbiota. Vital pulp therapy is a minimally invasive approach that relies on assessing the severity of pulpal inflammation to facilitate repair. However, the current evaluation methods prescribed by the American Association of Endodontics are subjective, leading to ambiguity in assessment. Therefore, this review aims to explore molecular strategies for evaluating the severity of pulpal inflammation to accurately predict the success of pulp vitality preservation in clinical settings.

Methodology

This review was conducted by searching relevant keywords, such as irreversible pulpitis, pulpitis biomarkers, molecular diagnosis, inflammation, and genomic strategies, in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to address the subjective nature of diagnosis. The data included in this review were collected up to April 2023. The literature search revealed well-documented limitations in clinically assessing the pulp inflammatory. Molecular approaches that aid in clinical differentiation between irreversible and reversible pulpitis may potentially enhance favorable outcomes in vital pulp therapy. Non-invasive diagnostic methods for pulpal assessment would also be valuable for determining whether the inflamed pulp is reversible, irreversible, or necrotic.

Conclusion

The present review examines the various molecular diagnostic approaches that have revolutionized the medical field and are considered the most promising empirical methodologies for the proactive detection of pulpal diseases. It also provides comprehensive insights into the current diagnostic methods, associated challenges, next-generation strategies, and future directions for diagnosing the severity of pulp inflammation.

背景：牙髓炎主要源于口腔微生物群对牙髓间隙的感染。活力牙髓疗法是一种微创方法，依靠评估牙髓炎症的严重程度来促进修复。然而，目前美国牙髓协会规定的评估方法是主观的，导致评估结果不明确。因此，本综述旨在探讨评估牙髓炎症严重程度的分子策略，以便在临床环境中准确预测牙髓活力保存的成功率：本综述通过在PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus等数据库中搜索相关关键词，如不可逆牙髓炎、牙髓炎生物标志物、分子诊断、炎症和基因组策略，以解决诊断的主观性问题。本综述收集的数据截至 2023 年 4 月。文献检索显示，临床评估牙髓炎症的局限性已得到充分证实。有助于临床区分不可逆和可逆牙髓炎的分子方法可能会提高牙髓治疗的有利结果。牙髓评估的非侵入性诊断方法对于确定牙髓炎症是可逆的、不可逆的还是坏死的也很有价值：本综述探讨了各种分子诊断方法，这些方法在医学领域带来了革命性的变化，被认为是主动检测牙髓疾病的最有前途的经验方法。这篇综述对目前的诊断方法、相关挑战、下一代策略以及诊断牙髓炎症严重程度的未来方向提供了全面的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Porphyromonas gingivalis infection alters microRNA composition in extracellular vesicles 牙龈卟啉单胞菌感染会改变细胞外囊泡中的 microRNA 组成。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.04.001

Kayo Yoshida , Kaya Yoshida , Yasuhiro Mouri , Ayu Takai , Mariko Seyama , Mana Mekata , Noriko Mizusawa , Keiko Miyoshi , Yasusei Kudo , Kazumi Ozaki

Objectives

Periodontitis, commonly associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), involves intricate alterations of oral intercellular interactions, in which extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role. The understanding of the miRNA profiles in the EVs derived from Pg-infected cells (Pg-EVs) remains incomplete despite acknowledging their importance in intercellular communication during periodontitis. Therefore, our objective was to identify and characterize the miRNAs enriched in Pg-EVs.

Methods

Microarray analysis was conducted to examine the miRNA profiles in the EVs derived from Pg-infected THP-1 cells. We compared the identified miRNAs with those upregulated in the EVs after stimulation with LPS. Additionally, we explored how inhibiting TLR signaling during Pg infection affects the transcription of specific miRNAs. We investigated the unique sequence motifs specific to the miRNAs concentrated in Pg-EVs.

Results

The levels of eleven miRNAs, including miR-155, were increased in Pg-EVs compared with those elevated after LPS stimulation. The Pg-induced miR-155 upregulation via TLR2 but not TLR4 signaling suggests the influence of TLR signaling on the miRNA composition of EVs. Furthermore, the miRNAs upregulated in Pg-EVs contained AGAGGG and GRGGSGC sequence motifs.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that Pg-induced alterations in EV-containing miRNA composition occur in a TLR4-independent manner. Notably, the concentrated miRNAs in Pg-EVs harbor specific motifs with a high G + C content within their sequences. The upregulation of specific miRNAs in EVs under infectious conditions suggests the influence of both innate immune receptor signals and miRNA sequence characteristics.

目的牙周炎通常与牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Pg）有关，涉及口腔细胞间相互作用的复杂变化，而细胞外小泡（EVs）在其中发挥着关键作用。尽管人们认识到细胞外囊泡在牙周炎期间细胞间通讯中的重要性，但对来自 Pg 感染细胞（Pg-EVs）的细胞外囊泡中 miRNA 图谱的了解仍然不全面。因此，我们的目标是鉴定和描述 Pg-EVs 中富集的 miRNA。我们将鉴定出的 miRNA 与 LPS 刺激后 EVs 中上调的 miRNA 进行了比较。此外，我们还探讨了在 Pg 感染期间抑制 TLR 信号如何影响特定 miRNA 的转录。结果与 LPS 刺激后升高的水平相比，Pg-EV 中包括 miR-155 在内的 11 种 miRNA 水平升高。Pg 通过 TLR2 而非 TLR4 信号诱导 miR-155 上调，这表明 TLR 信号对 EVs 中 miRNA 的组成有影响。此外，Pg-EV 中上调的 miRNA 含有 AGAGGG 和 GRGGSGC 序列基序。值得注意的是，Pg-EV 中浓缩的 miRNA 在其序列中含有高 G + C 含量的特定基序。在感染条件下，EV 中特定 miRNA 的上调表明先天性免疫受体信号和 miRNA 序列特征都有影响。

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引用次数: 0

Lactoferrin as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis 乳铁蛋白是治疗念珠菌相关义齿口腔炎的一种潜在疗法。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.05.007

Anna Maria Krupińska , Zdzisław Bogucki

Background

The use of prostheses in the oral cavity creates favorable conditions for Candida colonization, which may subsequently lead to Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS). Due to its many contributing factors and frequent relapses, CADS is difficult to manage. Given the rise in drug resistance among fungal species, it is critical to develop new therapeutic approaches, reduce the required dosage of medications, and minimize the toxicity and side effects of therapy.

Highlight

Salivary lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein, is thought to be the first line of defense against microbial invasion of mucosal surfaces.

Conclusion

Current research emphasizes the capability of lactoferrin and its derivatives to eliminate a broad spectrum of Candida species. It may be an appealing option for use in monotherapy or in combination with common medications for oral stomatitis treatment. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of lactoferrin's anti-fungal effects in oral candidiasis.

背景：在口腔中使用义齿为念珠菌的定植创造了有利条件，随后可能导致念珠菌相关义齿口腔炎（CADS）。由于诱因众多且经常复发，假牙口腔炎很难控制。鉴于真菌耐药性的增加，开发新的治疗方法、减少所需药物剂量、最大限度地降低治疗的毒性和副作用至关重要：亮点：唾液乳铁蛋白是一种多功能糖蛋白，被认为是抵御微生物入侵粘膜表面的第一道防线：结论：目前的研究强调了乳铁蛋白及其衍生物消除多种念珠菌的能力。在口腔口腔炎治疗中，乳铁蛋白可作为单一疗法或与常用药物联合使用，是一种很有吸引力的选择。本综述概述了目前对乳铁蛋白在口腔念珠菌病中抗真菌作用的认识。

引用次数: 0

Antibacterial activity of mulberry extracts and purified fractions against oral pathogenic bacteria 桑葚提取物和纯化馏分对口腔致病菌的抗菌活性。

IF 2.4 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.12.009

Takahisa Shirai , Yutaroh Satoh , Kazuyuki Ishihara

Objectives

This study aimed to isolate antibacterial compounds active against periodontopathic bacteria from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves.

Methods

The acetone-soluble fraction of mulberry leaves was extracted from the oil layer by oil/water separation. The extract was purified using silica gel open-column chromatography. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extract or purified fractions against Porphyromonas gingivalis was measured at each step.

Results

The MIC of the crude extract against P. gingivalis was 62.5–125 μg/mL. The fractions showing activity against P. gingivalis were designated Cf K and Cf P. The MICs of Cf K against P. gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Streptococcus mutans were 6.25 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, 12.5 μg/mL, and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, the MICs of Cf P against P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, and S. mutans were 25.0 μg/mL, >50 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, and 12.5–25.0 μg/mL, respectively.

Conclusions

Mulberry leaves contain antibacterial components against periodontopathic bacteria such as P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and P. intermedia.

研究目的本研究旨在从桑叶中分离出对牙周病细菌具有活性的抗菌化合物：方法：采用油水分离法从桑叶油层中提取丙酮可溶部分。提取物经硅胶开柱色谱纯化。每一步都测定了粗提取物或纯化馏分对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）：结果：粗提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度为 62.5-125 μg/mL。Cf K 对牙龈脓杆菌、核酸镰刀菌、中间前驱菌和变异链球菌的 MIC 分别为 6.25 μg/mL、25 μg/mL、12.5 μg/mL 和 12.5 μg/mL。相比之下，Cf P 对牙龈球菌、核球菌、中间球菌和变异球菌的 MIC 分别为 25.0 μg/mL、>50 μg/mL、50 μg/mL 和 12.5-25.0 μg/mL：结论：桑叶中含有抗牙周病细菌（如牙龈脓疱病菌、核酸酵母菌和中间脓疱病菌）的抗菌成分。

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引用次数: 0