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Effects of an Art Intervention Program Using Ambiguous Image-Text Interactions on Creative Thinking 使用模糊图像与文字互动的艺术干预计划对创造性思维的影响
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-19 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231215736
Vered Heruti, N. Mashal
This study examined whether creative thinking improves by utilizing an intervention program based on three types of ambiguous image-text interactions within artwork: (1) ambiguous text, (2) negation, and (3) semantically unrelated image-text. Participants (79) were divided into three groups: “ambiguous-negation-unrelated” group exposed to stimuli 1 + 2 + 3, “ambiguous-unrelated” group exposed to stimuli 1 + 3, and the control group unexposed to any intervention. The metaphor generation test (MGT) and Tel-Aviv creative test (TACT) were given pre- and post-intervention. The results showed the “ambiguous-negation-unrelated” intervention group scored higher on the TACT post-intervention, as compared to pre-intervention, a finding not observed among the “ambiguous-unrelated” and control groups. Furthermore, both art intervention groups generated more utterances overall (literal, conventional, and novel metaphors) in the MGT post-intervention, as compared to pre-intervention. These outcomes suggest this artwork intervention that utilized ambiguous image-text interactions and included theoretical discussion and reflective analysis can enhance divergent thinking.
本研究根据艺术作品中三种模棱两可的图像-文本互动类型:(1)模棱两可的文本;(2)否定;(3)语义无关的图像-文本,研究了利用干预计划是否能提高创造性思维。参与者(79 人)被分为三组:"模棱两可-否定-不相关 "组接触刺激 1 + 2 + 3,"模棱两可-不相关 "组接触刺激 1 + 3,对照组未接触任何干预措施。隐喻生成测试(MGT)和特拉维夫创意测试(TACT)分别在干预前后进行。结果显示,与干预前相比,"模棱两可-否定-无关 "干预组在干预后的 TACT 测试中得分更高,而 "模棱两可-无关 "组和对照组没有观察到这一结果。此外,与干预前相比,两个艺术干预组在干预后的 MGT 中都产生了更多的话语(字面隐喻、传统隐喻和新颖隐喻)。这些结果表明,这种利用模糊图像与文本互动、包含理论讨论和反思分析的艺术作品干预可以提高发散性思维。
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引用次数: 0
Oscars won by the Best Picture of the Year: An Empirical Analysis Across the History of Academy Awards (1929–2023) 奥斯卡获得年度最佳影片:奥斯卡金像奖历史的实证分析(1929-2023)
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231212136
Miguel Saraiva
Since 1929, 95 films have been crowned the Best Picture of the Year. Scholars and cinephiles yearly debate their merits and the legitimacy of one winning over the other, and extensive coverage is given by the media to the spectacle itself. But research is generally restricted to prediction models, or correlations with the winners’ demographic variables. There have been few historical studies on the evolution of the concept of Best Picture throughout the ceremonies, measured through the number of nominations and Oscars won in the various categories. Using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis, this article traces that history, showing that such concept has changed with the decades, although it has a relatively cyclic nature. Today, the Best Picture is no longer the most nominated or awarded, and has a diminishing association to Best Director and technical categories. Instead, it is more thematically conscious (Best Screenplay), and favors actresses and supporting players.
自1929年以来,有95部电影获得了年度最佳影片的桂冠。学者和电影爱好者每年都在争论它们的优点和其中一个胜过另一个的合法性,媒体也对这一奇观本身进行了广泛的报道。但研究通常仅限于预测模型,或与获胜者人口变量的相关性。在整个颁奖典礼中,很少有关于最佳影片概念演变的历史研究,通过各种奖项的提名数量和奥斯卡获奖数量来衡量。使用描述性统计和聚类分析,本文追溯了这段历史,表明这种概念随着几十年的变化而变化,尽管它具有相对循环的性质。如今,最佳影片不再是提名或获奖最多的奖项,与最佳导演和最佳技术奖项的联系也越来越少。相反,它更注重主题(最佳剧本),并青睐女演员和配角。
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引用次数: 0
Emotion, Language and Aesthetic Expression: On Motherwell and His Art 情感、语言与审美表达——论马瑟韦尔及其艺术
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231208320
Anjan Chatterjee
Robert Motherwell is regarded as one of the great American abstract expressionists. He was highly intelligent and articulate about his art. In this essay, I explore the thesis that the ability to make fine category discriminations, which can be indexed by language, is necessary to produce great art. I argue that Motherwell might not have been as great an artist if he were not so articulate. Relying on a constructivist view, I argue that fine-grained categories of human emotions can be represented in language; language carves out affective space in a way that makes these states explicit and easier to communicate. Ineffability in art implies exhausting the effable. Being articulate about emotions allows one to reach for higher states of ineffability and aspire to great art.
罗伯特·马瑟韦尔被认为是美国最伟大的抽象表现主义画家之一。他非常聪明,善于表达自己的艺术。在这篇文章中,我探讨了这样一个论点,即能够通过语言进行精细的类别区分,是创作伟大艺术所必需的。我认为,如果马瑟韦尔不是如此善于表达,他可能不会是一位伟大的艺术家。基于建构主义的观点,我认为人类情感的细粒度分类可以用语言表现出来;语言以一种使这些状态更明确、更容易交流的方式划分出情感空间。艺术的不可言说意味着穷尽可言说之物。清晰地表达情感可以让一个人达到更高的不可言喻的状态,并渴望伟大的艺术。
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引用次数: 0
Does Dance Expertise Enhance Sensitivity? A Comparative Study 舞蹈专业知识能提高敏感度吗?比较研究
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231206720
Anna Izountouemoi, Francisco Esteves
The overall aim was to study the impact of dance expertise in relation to emotional expressivity and emotional sensitivity, by comparing dance experts and nonexperts. The results are based on a survey answered by 120 individuals, consisting of the Berkeley Emotional Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ) and the Emotional Sensitivity Questionnaire (ESS). Dance experts in comparison to nonexperts scored higher on ESS, more specifically, other-directed sensitivity, that is, the positive interpersonal sensitivity subscale. No significant differences were obtained on negative egocentric sensitivity, the other subscale of ESS, and neither regarding emotional expressivity. However, it was found that those with more frequent dance habits scored higher on the Impulse Strength subscale of the BEQ. Our findings point out the relationship between dance and our ability to perceive emotions, which could have interesting educational and clinical implications. Lastly, we discuss current and future perspectives on the topic.
总体目的是通过比较舞蹈专家和非专家,研究舞蹈专业知识对情感表现力和情感敏感性的影响。该结果是基于对120名个体的调查,包括伯克利情绪表达能力问卷(BEQ)和情绪敏感性问卷(ESS)。与非专家相比,舞蹈专家在ESS上得分更高,更具体地说,是他人导向敏感性,也就是积极的人际敏感性子量表。消极自我中心敏感性(ESS的另一个分量表)和情绪表达性(ESS的另一个分量表)均无显著差异。然而,研究发现,那些经常跳舞的人在BEQ的冲动强度分量表上得分更高。我们的发现指出了舞蹈和我们感知情绪的能力之间的关系,这可能具有有趣的教育和临床意义。最后,我们讨论了当前和未来对该主题的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Literary and Aesthetic Competencies in Literature Course: Whether Innovative Information Technologies Hinder Their Growth? 文学课程的文学与审美能力:创新信息技术是否阻碍了他们的成长?
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231204554
Nanxi Xiahou
The purpose of this article is (1) to determine the set of literary and aesthetic competencies when reading literature and (2) to quantify the possible effect for the formation of Literary and Aesthetic competence when using innovative information technologies. The establishment of the array of literary and aesthetic competencies was achieved through the synthesis of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (2018) and a comprehensive analysis of relevant scholarly literature. The researchers determined the substantial effect of mobile applications in building three out of five aesthetic competencies ( D = 1.12 for expressive perception, D = 1.55 for emotional closeness and D = 0.82 for cognitive elaboration). Hence, based on the research outcomes, the approach adopted by the experimental group (utilisation of mobile applications for reading) facilitates the attainment of heightened literary competence through a more aesthetically comprehensive experiential engagement with the study of literary works.
本文的目的是(1)确定阅读文学作品时的文学和审美能力,(2)量化使用创新信息技术对文学和审美能力形成的可能影响。通过综合《欧洲共同语言参考框架》(2018年)和对相关学术文献的全面分析,建立了一系列文学和审美能力。研究人员确定了移动应用程序在构建五种审美能力中的三种方面的实质性影响(表达感知的D = 1.12,情感亲密的D = 1.55,认知阐述的D = 0.82)。因此,根据研究结果,实验组采用的方法(利用移动应用程序进行阅读)有助于通过更全面的美学体验参与文学作品的研究,提高文学能力。
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引用次数: 0
How Do We Understand Artworks? Exploring the Role of Artwork Inherent Features in Art Processing 我们如何理解艺术作品?探讨艺术作品内在特征在艺术加工中的作用
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231201074
Eva Specker, Maximilian Douda, Helmut Leder
Understanding an artwork is essential for aesthetic experiences. But how does one form an understanding of art? To investigate this still poorly addressed process, we hypothesized that the easier a stimulus is processed (i.e., higher fluency), the easier it should be understood. We focused on artwork inherent features (i.e., style and content) and their interactions affect processing. Making use of the brightness–positivity association, the overall brightness of paintings (i.e., as stylistic feature) was manipulated to match their content (positive vs. negative). We hypothesized that a congruency of style and content would facilitate the processing of paintings resulting in a better understanding, but also, greater liking, and (exploratively) higher artistic value. Our data indicated no congruency effects between brightness and content, but that content alone was a strong predictor for art processing and—in an exploratory approach—highlighted the importance of individual differences in terms of art interest and knowledge in our sample.
理解艺术作品对于审美体验是必不可少的。但是一个人如何形成对艺术的理解呢?为了研究这一尚不清楚的过程,我们假设刺激越容易被处理(即越流畅),就越容易被理解。我们关注的是艺术品的内在特征(即风格和内容)及其相互作用对加工的影响。利用亮度-积极性关联,操纵绘画的整体亮度(即作为风格特征)以匹配其内容(积极与消极)。我们假设,风格和内容的一致性将促进对绘画的处理,从而更好地理解,也更喜欢,和(探索性地)更高的艺术价值。我们的数据表明亮度和内容之间没有一致性效应,但内容本身是艺术处理的一个强有力的预测因素,并且以一种探索性的方法强调了我们样本中艺术兴趣和知识方面的个体差异的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Can Narrative Bibliotherapy Reduce Vulnerability to Eating Disorders? Evidence from a Reading Experiment 叙事阅读疗法能降低饮食失调的易感性吗?阅读实验的证据
4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196404
Rocío Riestra-Camacho, James Carney, Emily Troscianko
No research has yet experimentally evaluated the role of narrative fiction in relation to eating disorders (EDs). This study used a between-participants design to assess vulnerability to EDs before and after reading two contemporary U.S. young adult sports novels. ED vulnerability was measured using the EAT-26 and a tailored questionnaire. The experimental group ( n = 32) received the books with text-specific reading guides. The control group ( n = 33) received only the novels. Our hypothesis was that post-reading measures would be lower (improved) in both groups, but more markedly in the experimental group. Scores were typically lower in the experimental group and higher in the control group, but these differences were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. These findings underline the need to expand empirical evidence on the effects of narrative reading in the context of EDs, while the innovative methods trialed here open up new methodological avenues.
目前还没有实验研究评估叙事性小说在饮食失调(EDs)中的作用。本研究采用参与者之间的设计来评估阅读两本当代美国年轻人体育小说之前和之后的ed脆弱性。使用EAT-26和量身定制的问卷来测量ED脆弱性。实验组(n = 32)获得带有特定文本阅读指南的书籍。对照组(n = 33)只收到小说。我们的假设是,阅读后的测量在两组中都较低(改善),但在实验组中更为明显。实验组得分较低,对照组得分较高,但经多重比较校正后,差异无统计学意义。这些发现强调了在电子商务背景下扩展叙事阅读影响的经验证据的必要性,而这里试验的创新方法开辟了新的方法途径。
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引用次数: 0
Do American Critic Reviews Affect Film Consumption Abroad? The Brazilian Case 美国影评人评论影响国外电影消费吗?巴西案例
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196836
Marislei Nishijima, T. Souza
The Brazilian film market consists mainly of American films; most of these films are released after their release in the United States, while a few are released before or simultaneously. The recent rapid developments in information and communication technology (ICT) changed film-showing technology to a digital model, improving the possibility of simultaneous worldwide releases. ICT evolution also allowed Brazilian moviegoers to access American critic reviews in real time. We explore this scenario to study whether American critic reviews influence film consumption at theaters in Brazil. We employ regression analysis using data from 1,600 films exhibited in the country between 2007 and 2018 collected from Box Office Mojo and Rotten Tomatoes websites. Controlling for endogeneity problems, we documented a prediction effect of expert reviews on gapped film releases but not an influence effect on simultaneous releases, which correspond to the wide film releases in the United States.
巴西电影市场主要由美国电影组成;这些电影大多是在美国上映后上映的,而少数是在美国之前或同时上映的。最近信息和通信技术的快速发展将电影放映技术转变为数字模式,提高了在全球同时上映的可能性。信息通信技术的发展也使巴西电影观众能够实时访问美国评论家的评论。我们探索这个场景来研究美国评论家的评论是否会影响巴西影院的电影消费。我们使用从票房Mojo和烂番茄网站收集的2007年至2018年间在该国展出的1600部电影的数据进行回归分析。为了控制内生性问题,我们记录了专家评审对有间隙电影上映的预测效应,但对同时上映的影响效应没有,这与美国的广泛电影上映相对应。
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引用次数: 0
Visiting Virtual Museums: How Personality and Art-Related Individual Differences Shape Visitor Behavior in an Online Virtual Gallery 参观虚拟博物馆:个性和艺术相关的个体差异如何塑造在线虚拟画廊中的游客行为
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196491
Rebekah M. Rodriguez-Boerwinkle, P. Silvia
The present study explored how personality shapes encounters with art within a virtual art gallery. An online sample of 264 adults completed questionnaires before freely wandering around a virtual gallery, which spanned three rooms and contained 24 artworks (half abstract, half representational) of various sizes and genres. We examined how the Big Five personality traits, aesthetic fluency, and aesthetic responsiveness predicted visit behavior: overall visit time, distance traveled in the gallery, the proportion of time spent viewing artwork, and how long and from what distance people viewed each individual artwork. Openness to experience had widespread effects on virtual visit behaviors, followed by extraversion, and variation in artwork features (area and abstraction) predicted viewing time and distance for individual artworks. We discuss how virtual galleries may contribute to understanding both traditional museum visitors and the emerging study of online virtual visitors.
本研究探讨了在虚拟美术馆中,个性塑造者如何与艺术相遇。264名成年人在网上完成了问卷调查,然后在一个虚拟画廊里自由漫步。这个画廊横跨三个房间,包含24件不同大小和流派的艺术品(一半是抽象的,一半是具象的)。我们研究了五大人格特征、审美流畅性和审美反应性如何预测参观行为:总体参观时间、在画廊中的距离、观看艺术品的时间比例,以及人们观看每件艺术品的时间和距离。体验的开放性对虚拟参观行为产生了广泛影响,其次是外向性,艺术品特征(区域和抽象)的变化预测了单个艺术品的观看时间和距离。我们讨论了虚拟画廊如何有助于理解传统博物馆访客和新兴的在线虚拟访客研究。
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引用次数: 0
Musical Activity as Avoidance-Based Emotion Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence Across Continents 音乐活动作为COVID-19大流行期间基于回避的情绪调节:跨大洲的证据
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196083
Anthony Chmiel, F. Kiernan, Hernán D. Ramallo, J. Davidson
Argentina and Australia endured among the most severe COVID-19 lockdowns globally. This study examined which artistic creative activities (ACAs) Argentinians in the Buenos Aries region used to support their mental health and wellbeing and compared these findings with existing data for Australians (primarily from Victoria) across a similar period. Adult Argentinians ( N = 86) responded to an online survey regarding 27 listed ACAs, as well as ratings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. While “watching films and television” was the most commonly reported ACA, it was not rated as effective in supporting mental health and wellbeing. Conversely, musical ACAs were ranked highest. We consider evidence from Australia, North America, and South America that musical ACAs (especially music listening) have been most effective at supporting mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic by way of avoidance-based emotion regulation. We also conclude from the data that Argentinians tended to place greater importance on music-based ACAs than Australians.
阿根廷和澳大利亚经历了全球最严重的新冠肺炎封锁。这项研究调查了布宜诺斯艾利斯-白羊座地区的阿根廷人使用哪些艺术创作活动来支持他们的心理健康和幸福,并将这些发现与类似时期澳大利亚人(主要来自维多利亚州)的现有数据进行了比较。成年阿根廷人(N = 86)对一项关于27个列出的ACA的在线调查以及焦虑、抑郁和孤独的评分做出了回应。虽然“看电影和电视”是最常见的ACA,但它在支持心理健康和幸福方面没有被评为有效。相反,音乐ACA排名最高。我们考虑了来自澳大利亚、北美和南美的证据,即音乐ACA(尤其是音乐聆听)通过基于回避的情绪调节,在新冠肺炎大流行期间最有效地支持心理健康和幸福。我们还从数据中得出结论,阿根廷人往往比澳大利亚人更重视基于音乐的ACA。
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引用次数: 0
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Empirical Studies of the Arts
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