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Do Prestige and Animacy Matter to Art Experts? Exploring Social Learning, Signaling, Perceptual, and Cognitive Explanations 声望和动画对艺术专家来说重要吗?探索社会学习、信号、感知和认知解释
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231165648
Jan Verpooten, Sarah Delcourt, S. Dewitte
Art experts generally perceive, process, and appreciate artworks differently from non-experts. Here we explored whether animacy of the content and prestige of the context of artworks matter to experts. Results (n > 1,000) suggest that experts are indeed swayed by prestige cues when appreciating artworks. Furthermore, the higher their expertise, the less animacy matters, to the point even of a reversal among the highest echelons. There experts prefer inanimate (e.g., furniture) to animate stimuli. We consider several, mostly complementary explanations. One interpretation is that experts might have learned through prestige bias to reduce their preference for animacy, which would be consistent with a prestige bias runaway process. Other interpretations include processing perceptual (dis)fluency, cognitive mastering, and identity signaling. Irrespective of the precise roles of these compatible processes, the results might point to a more general expertise-dependent pattern. We close by discussing further research opportunities to further fine-tune possible explanations.
艺术专家通常对艺术品的感知、处理和欣赏与非专家不同。在这里,我们探讨了内容的生动性和艺术品背景的声望对专家来说是否重要。结果(n > 1000)表明,专家在欣赏艺术品时确实会受到声望暗示的影响。此外,他们的专业知识越高,动物性就越不重要,甚至在最高级别之间出现逆转。在那里,专家们更喜欢无生命的(如家具)而不是有生命的刺激。我们考虑了几种主要是补充性的解释。一种解释是,专家们可能通过声望偏见来减少他们对动物的偏好,这与声望偏见失控的过程是一致的。其他解释包括处理感知(dis)流利性、认知掌握和身份信号。无论这些兼容过程的确切作用如何,结果都可能指向一种更普遍的依赖于专业知识的模式。最后,我们讨论了进一步的研究机会,以进一步微调可能的解释。
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引用次数: 0
On the Complexity of Literary and Popular Fiction 论文学与通俗小说的复杂性
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231163483
Emanuele Castano, Jessica Zanella, Fatemeh Saedi, Lisa Zunshine, L. Ducceschi
Research findings in cognitive literary studies show that lifetime exposure to literary versus popular fiction has a differential association with social cognition processes such as psychological essentialism, attributional complexity, and, particularly, with Theory of Mind. Experimental findings further show that brief exposure to literary, but not popular fiction, boosts performance on Theory of Mind. These results are interpreted as stemming from the greater complexity of the characters and plots of literary fiction; a claim that is consistent with evidence that readers view literary fiction characters as more complex than popular fiction characters. Here we focus on style, and test whether said differential complexity finds a parallel in the language of these two types of fiction. Results of Natural Language Processing analyses on a corpus of literary and popular fiction texts confirm that literary fiction has greater lexical and syntax complexity than popular fiction.
认知文学研究的研究结果表明,终身接触文学小说与通俗小说与社会认知过程有着不同的联系,如心理本质主义、归因复杂性,尤其是与心理理论。实验结果进一步表明,短暂接触文学作品,而不是通俗小说,可以提高心理理论的表现。这些结果被解释为源于文学小说中人物和情节的复杂性;这一说法与读者认为文学小说人物比通俗小说人物更复杂的证据一致。在这里,我们关注风格,并测试上述差异复杂性是否在这两种类型的小说的语言中找到了相似之处。自然语言处理对文学和通俗小说文本语料库的分析结果证实,文学小说比通俗小说具有更大的词汇和句法复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Emotions in Artworks Using a Convolutional Neural Network Trained on Non-Artistic Images: A Methodology to Reduce the Cross-Depiction Problem 使用非艺术图像训练的卷积神经网络检测艺术品中的情绪:一种减少交叉描绘问题的方法
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231163481
César González-Martín, Miguel Carrasco, Thomas Gustavo Wachter Wielandt
This research is framed within the study of automatic recognition of emotions in artworks, proposing a methodology to improve performance in detecting emotions when a network is trained with an image type different from the entry type, which is known as the cross-depiction problem. To achieve this, we used the QuickShift algorithm, which simplifies images’ resources, and applied it to the Open Affective Standardized Image (OASIS) dataset as well as the WikiArt Emotion dataset. Both datasets are also unified under a binary emotional system. Subsequently, a model was trained based on a convolutional neural network using OASIS as a learning base, in order to then be applied on the WikiArt Emotion dataset. The results show an improvement in the general prediction performance when applying QuickShift (73% overall). However, we can observe that artistic style influences the results, with minimalist art being incompatible with the methodology proposed.
本研究是在艺术品情绪自动识别的研究框架内进行的,提出了一种方法,当网络使用不同于输入类型的图像类型进行训练时,可以提高检测情绪的性能,这被称为交叉描述问题。为了实现这一点,我们使用了QuickShift算法,该算法简化了图像资源,并将其应用于开放情感标准化图像(OASIS)数据集和WikiArt情感数据集。这两个数据集也统一在一个二元情感系统下。随后,使用OASIS作为学习基础,基于卷积神经网络训练模型,然后将其应用于WikiArt情感数据集。结果表明,当应用QuickShift时,总体预测性能有所提高(总体为73%)。然而,我们可以观察到艺术风格影响了结果,极简主义艺术与所提出的方法不相容。
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引用次数: 0
The Aesthetic Emotion Lexicon: A Literature Review of Emotion Words Used by Researchers to Describe Aesthetic Experiences 审美情感词汇:研究者用来描述审美体验的情感词汇的文献综述
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/02762374221143728
Emery Schubert
The emotions that can be considered members of the set of Aesthetic Emotions (AEs) is controversial. The present study investigated the terms used by researchers in peer reviewed studies to exemplify AEs. 100 publications from 2000–2019 exemplifying AE terms were located to produced 111 AEs which were proposed as the basis of an AE lexicon. Awe, (being) moved and wonder were reliable members and without contradiction. One fifth were negatively valenced (e.g., anger, disgust), suggesting that the presence of negative AEs is generally accepted but not reliably. One quarter of the entries were also non-AEs and an additional 20 were exclusively so, producing a total of 131 terms. The lexicon is a concrete, dynamic set of examples against which to investigate extant definitions of AEs and to further develop theory. The robust presence of three terms suggests that calls to abandon the concept of AE may be premature.
可以被认为是审美情感集合(AE)成员的情感是有争议的。本研究调查了研究人员在同行评审研究中用来举例说明AE的术语。从2000年到2019年,100篇以AE术语为例的出版物被定位,产生了111篇AE,这些AE被提议作为AE词典的基础。敬畏、感动和惊奇是可靠的成员,没有矛盾。五分之一的人被负面评价(例如,愤怒、厌恶),这表明负面AE的存在是普遍接受的,但并不可靠。四分之一的参赛作品也是非AE,另有20个参赛作品完全是非AE,共产生131个术语。词典是一组具体的、动态的例子,用来研究现存的AE定义并进一步发展理论。三个术语的有力存在表明,要求放弃AE概念可能为时过早。
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引用次数: 1
How Do We Move in Front of Art? How Does This Relate to Art Experience? Linking Movement, Eye Tracking, Emotion, and Evaluations in a Gallery-Like Setting 我们如何在艺术面前移动?这与艺术体验有何关系?链接运动,眼动追踪,情感和评估在画廊般的设置
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231160000
Corinna Kühnapfel, Joerg Fingerhut, Hanna Brinkmann, Victoria Ganster, Takumi Tanaka, Eva Specker, Jan Mikuni, Florian Güldenpfennig, A. Gartus, R. Rosenberg, Matthew Pelowski
Embodied cognition claims that how we move our body is central for experience. Exploring dimensions of bodily engagement should, therefore, also be central for engaging art. However, little attention has been paid to the actual ways viewers move in front of art and how this impacts experiences. We aim to close this gap, using a new paradigm in a gallery-like setting in which we tracked movements of participants that engaged an abstract artwork. Guided by a literature review, we relate objective movement factors and subjective body awareness to mobile viewing behavior, art experience, and expertise. We also—for the first time—define shared movement patterns employing principal component/cluster analysis and relate these to experience outcomes, noting, for example, that moving more/more dynamically related to more reported insight. As a proof-of-concept paper, we hope to support a more embodied, enactive understanding of art engagements, and provide practical guidelines for future research.
具身认知声称,我们如何运动身体是体验的核心。因此,探索身体参与的维度也应该是参与艺术的核心。然而,很少有人关注观众在艺术品前的实际移动方式以及这对体验的影响。我们的目标是缩小这一差距,在一个类似画廊的环境中使用一个新的范例,我们跟踪参与抽象艺术品的参与者的动作。在文献综述的指导下,我们将客观运动因素和主观身体意识与移动观看行为、艺术体验和专业知识联系起来。我们还首次使用主成分/聚类分析定义了共享的运动模式,并将其与经验结果联系起来,例如,注意到更多/更动态地移动与更多报告的洞察力相关。作为一篇概念验证论文,我们希望能够支持对艺术参与的更具体、更积极的理解,并为未来的研究提供实用的指导方针。
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引用次数: 3
Comparison of Audiovisual Components of Dance in Novices and Experts’ Aesthetic Interest Perceptions 舞蹈视听成分在初学者和专家审美趣味感知中的比较
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231152775
Jeehyun Joung, Jeounghoon Kim
Aesthetic appreciation of dance is associated with external components of physical features and audiences’ subjective aspects, which can be explained by cross-modal integration. In this study, we designed aesthetic appraisal tasks measured on a 5-point Likert scale by manipulating audiovisual combinations of dance movements and musical properties to measure novices and experts’ interest appraisals. Using statistical analyses and psychometric curve fitting, we found that novices judged that variations in travel patterns on stage and moving the entire body were interesting. In contrast, experts judged that the variation in the dancer's upper body parts synchronized only with the time signature was interesting. Accordingly, while novices had a low interest decision threshold for dancing across the stage and a high range of body configurations, experts had a high threshold for those cases. Overall, only experts had the ability to integrate audiovisual contents to appreciate the aesthetic values in dance movements.
舞蹈的审美与身体特征的外部成分和观众的主观方面有关,这可以通过跨模态整合来解释。在这项研究中,我们设计了一个5分李克特量表来测量审美评价任务,通过操纵舞蹈动作和音乐属性的视听组合来测量新手和专家的兴趣评价。通过统计分析和心理测量曲线拟合,我们发现新手判断舞台上的移动模式变化和整个身体的移动是有趣的。相比之下,专家们认为舞者上半身的变化只与节拍同步是有趣的。因此,虽然新手在舞台上跳舞的兴趣决定门槛很低,身体配置的范围也很大,但专家在这些情况下的门槛很高。总体而言,只有专家才有能力整合视听内容来欣赏舞蹈动作的审美价值。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing the Perception of In-Person and Digital Monitor Viewing of Paintings 绘画的现场感知与数字监视器观看的比较
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231158520
Eugene Han
In the context of rapidly developing technologies and widespread online access, it is important to understand how our perception of images on a computer screen may vary from traditional in-person encounters. This research compared the perception of subjects in view of eight paintings, presented either on a computer monitor or as a printed reproduction. Both stationary and mobile eye-tracking technologies were used to analyze the viewing patterns of both forms of engagement. Results suggested that subjects engaging with physical works tended to exhibit more varied fixational patterns than those viewing the same works on a computer monitor. Data showed parity in the high degree of correlation between viewing times and personal preference, regardless of viewing medium. The results indicate that the modalities through which we engage with works of art matter, and that a single image can resonate across an array of media.
在快速发展的技术和广泛的在线访问的背景下,重要的是要了解我们对计算机屏幕上图像的感知与传统的面对面接触有何不同。这项研究比较了八幅绘画作品中受试者的感受,这些绘画作品要么出现在电脑显示器上,要么是印刷品。固定和移动眼动追踪技术都被用于分析两种形式的参与的观看模式。研究结果表明,与在电脑显示器上观看同一作品的受试者相比,从事实物作品的受测者往往表现出更多样的注视模式。数据显示,无论观看媒介如何,观看时间和个人偏好之间的高度相关性都是一致的。研究结果表明,我们参与艺术作品的方式很重要,一幅图像可以在一系列媒体中引起共鸣。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Demographic Factors on Word Usage in Texts Written About Artworks 人口因素对艺术文本用词的影响
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231159999
H. Ahn
Research on text analysis has demonstrated that texts can reveal various characteristics of individuals, such as personality, preferences, or future behavior. However, despite its numerous applications in other fields, text analysis has received very little attention in the field of empirical aesthetics. This study aimed to analyze texts written about artworks and examine the relationship between certain demographic factors and the use of words, using a novel framework for computer-based text analysis based on neural embedding. Participants provided textual descriptions of paintings from various genres and eras, along with demographic information such as gender, age, income, frequency of museum visits, and knowledge of artworks. The results revealed a significant relationship between some demographic factors and word usage, while also highlighting the usefulness of the proposed framework.
对文本分析的研究表明,文本可以揭示个体的各种特征,如个性、偏好或未来行为。然而,尽管文本分析在其他领域有许多应用,但在经验美学领域却很少受到关注。本研究旨在分析关于艺术品的文本,并使用一种基于神经嵌入的基于计算机的文本分析新框架,研究某些人口统计因素与词语使用之间的关系。参与者提供了不同流派和时代绘画的文本描述,以及性别、年龄、收入、博物馆参观频率和艺术品知识等人口统计信息。研究结果揭示了一些人口统计学因素与单词使用之间的显著关系,同时也突出了所提出的框架的有用性。
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引用次数: 0
A Trade-off Between the Artistic Aesthetic Value and Market Value of Paintings With Naïve and Childlike Interest Complex Naïve与童趣情结绘画艺术审美价值与市场价值的权衡
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231158523
Can Ma, Xiaowei Dong, Junbin Wang
This study investigated whether there are any pathways by combining the five dimensions (i.e., naïve image, imagination, story, interestingness, artistry) of the painting with naïve and childlike interest complex that can unify a high artistic aesthetic value and a high market value of this type of painting. We applied children's ratings to measure the artistic aesthetic value and used auction prices to measure the market value of the paintings. The results are analyzed using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method to identify the relevant pathways. Our findings suggest that no pathway can achieve both high artistic aesthetic value and high market value. In some pathways, the two types of values even conflict and contradict each other. Using the principle of prioritizing artistic aesthetic value and considering market value, we advocate the adoption of pathways that both achieve high artistic aesthetic value and avoid resulting in non-high market value.
本研究通过将绘画的五个维度(即天真形象、想象力、故事性、趣味性、艺术性)与天真童趣情结相结合,探讨是否有任何途径可以将这类绘画的高艺术审美价值和高市场价值统一起来。我们用儿童评分来衡量艺术审美价值,并用拍卖价格来衡量画作的市场价值。使用模糊集定性比较分析方法对结果进行分析,以确定相关途径。我们的研究结果表明,没有任何途径能够同时实现高艺术美学价值和高市场价值。在某些途径中,这两种价值观甚至相互冲突和矛盾。本着艺术审美价值优先、市场价值兼顾的原则,我们主张采取既能实现高艺术审美价值又能避免市场价值不高的途径。
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引用次数: 2
Exploring the Evidence-Based Driving Factors of Innovation in Arts and Cultural Organizations 探索文化艺术机构创新的循证驱动因素
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.1177/02762374231155746
Chuan Li, V. Coll-Serrano, P. Rausell-Köster
Innovation in arts and cultural sectors is an emerging study. Exploring and identifying driving factors of innovation by arts and cultural organizations can help to understand the implications for innovation management and thus, strengthening the competitiveness of arts and cultural sectors. But the existing literature on this topic usually is subject to some limitations due to the shortage of empirical evidence and overemphasis on technological innovation. To overcome it, this article explored evidence-based determinants of innovation in museums organizations, based on survey data and statistical approach; furthermore, it also extended the scope of innovation from technological to cultural and organizational dimensions. Our findings provide empirical evidence for existing theoretical propositions—some propositions are supported and the others are not. Based on these conclusions, some implications are developed for innovation management in museum organizations.
艺术和文化领域的创新是一项新兴的研究。探索和识别艺术及文化机构创新的驱动因素,有助了解其对创新管理的影响,从而加强艺术及文化界别的竞争力。但由于缺乏经验证据和对技术创新的过分强调,现有的研究文献往往存在一定的局限性。为了克服这一问题,本文基于调查数据和统计方法,探讨了博物馆组织创新的循证决定因素;此外,它还将创新的范围从技术扩展到文化和组织方面。我们的发现为现有的理论命题提供了经验证据——一些命题得到了支持,而另一些则没有。在此基础上,提出了博物馆组织创新管理的启示。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Empirical Studies of the Arts
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