While there is a growing interest in the comparative analysis of individuals’ punitiveness, research comparing its determinants across societies remains scarce. This study aims to address this gap ...
{"title":"Comparing the determinants of punitiveness in Japan and Costa Rica","authors":"Tomoya Mukai, Daniel Garcia Ramirez, Yuma Matsuki, Yuji Takenaka, Sho Sagara, Eiichiro Watamura","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2277722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2277722","url":null,"abstract":"While there is a growing interest in the comparative analysis of individuals’ punitiveness, research comparing its determinants across societies remains scarce. This study aims to address this gap ...","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2286235
Isabelle F.-Dufour, Stéphanie Chouinard-Thivierge, Patrick Lussier
Emerging adulthood is a period involving dramatic change and many life transitions. Justice-involved individuals experiencing these transitions are statistically more likely to engage in criminal b...
{"title":"Who is coming back to prison? Emerging adulthood and the challenges associated with desistance from crime","authors":"Isabelle F.-Dufour, Stéphanie Chouinard-Thivierge, Patrick Lussier","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2286235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2286235","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging adulthood is a period involving dramatic change and many life transitions. Justice-involved individuals experiencing these transitions are statistically more likely to engage in criminal b...","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2271985
Adam Dulin
ABSTRACTThe present research examines the impact of actualised collective efficacy on the probability of reporting extortion victimisation in Mexico. The mechanisms that encourage crime reporting have been an important area of study for years, however the specific factors that increase the probability of reporting extortion have eluded examination. The analysis extends the concept of collective efficacy, adapting it to contexts where actual informal social control effects can be examined. Therefore, the present study moves beyond perceptions and measures knowledge of, and participation in, such neighbourhood activities. The statistical analysis of 3,453 cases of extortion revealed that both actualised collective efficacy and participation in informal social control were strong predictors of reporting extortion victimisation to authorities after controlling for 20 other potentially confounding variables.KEYWORDS: Collective efficacycrime reportingextortionMexico Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The views expressed in this manuscript are strictly those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of State or any official or office in the U.S. Government.2. “Collective efficacy is conceived of as a confluence of networks, values, and norms of reciprocity that combine to enable individuals and communities to intervene as a way of suppressing norm-deviant behaviour and of maintaining social order” (Brunton‐Smith et al., Citation2018, p. 608).3. Exortion is operationalised in the ENVIPE surveys as the use of threats, coercion and trickery to demand money, goods or to make the victim do or stop doing something (INEGI, Citation2021a).4. The role of citizens in combatting this crime in Mexico has been emphasised in recent years. In 2007 a call centre was created in Mexico City, staffed by citizen volunteers, to assist victims of telephonic extortion by providing guidance and gathering critical information on this type of extortion (Azaola, Citation2009).5. Particularly in Mexico where police are seen as corrupt (Garduno, Citation2019).6. Robbery was chosen as a proxy consistent with other studies (c.f. Gray et al., Citation2011).7. Admittedly, operationalisation of “fear” of crime is subject to pitfalls. Concepts such as fear and worry can be confused (Hough, Citation2004). What this analysis controls for is a cognitive assessment of victimisation risk consistent with other previous studies (c.f. Rengifo & Bolton, Citation2012).8. Number of assailants, presence of weapons, and injury to victim had missingness patterns that were potentially missing not at random (MNAR). This was compounded by the high degree of missingness (up to 92%) in the variables, which drastically reduced their utility in the multiple imputation procedure as well as their informativeness in the modelling. As such, the injury and weapon variables were excluded from the analysis to address the
摘要本研究考察了集体效能对墨西哥敲诈勒索受害者报告概率的影响。多年来，鼓励举报犯罪的机制一直是一个重要的研究领域，然而，增加举报敲诈勒索可能性的具体因素却没有得到审查。该分析扩展了集体效能的概念，使其适应于可以检查实际非正式社会控制效果的环境。因此，本研究超越了认知，并衡量了对此类社区活动的了解和参与。对3,453个勒索案件的统计分析显示，在控制了其他20个潜在的混淆变量后，实际的集体效能和参与非正式社会控制都是向当局报告勒索受害者的有力预测因素。关键词:集体效能;犯罪报告;勒索;墨西哥披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。本文中表达的观点严格代表作者的观点，并不一定代表美国国务院或任何美国政府官员或办公室的观点。“集体效能被认为是网络、价值观和互惠规范的汇合，它们结合在一起，使个人和社区能够干预，作为抑制越轨行为和维持社会秩序的一种方式”(Brunton‐Smith et al.， Citation2018, p. 608)。在ENVIPE调查中，通过威胁、胁迫和欺骗来要求金钱、物品或使受害者做或停止做某事(INEGI, Citation2021a)。近年来，墨西哥一直强调公民在打击这一罪行方面的作用。2007年，在墨西哥城建立了一个呼叫中心，由公民志愿者组成，通过提供指导和收集关于这类勒索的重要信息来帮助电话勒索的受害者(Azaola, Citation2009)。特别是在墨西哥，警察被视为腐败(Garduno, Citation2019)。选择抢劫作为与其他研究一致的代理(c.f. Gray et al.， Citation2011)。诚然，对犯罪的“恐惧”的运作存在陷阱。恐惧和担忧等概念可能会混淆(霍夫，引文2004)。该分析控制的是与其他先前研究一致的受害风险认知评估(c.f. Rengifo & Bolton, Citation2012)。攻击者的数量、武器的存在和对受害者的伤害都有缺失模式，这可能不是随机缺失的(MNAR)。这是由于变量的高度缺失(高达92%)，这大大降低了它们在多次代入过程中的效用，以及它们在建模中的信息量。因此，为了解决这些问题，在分析中排除了伤害和武器变量。不同变量之间的相互作用，如性别和对犯罪的恐惧，最初是为了纳入而探索的。然而，在最终的模型中没有发现明显的相互作用。GVIF列的数据是Fox和Monette开发的广义VIF (Citation1992)，而最右边的列显示了典型的VIF值。这指的是与警察在社会中的地位有关的价值观的内化，以及与学校环境有关的法律推理能力。对警察的态度是法律社会化的另一个组成部分，通过与警察和其他当局的互动(如通过犯罪报告计划)进行更新(Trinkner & Tyler, Citation2016)。作者简介:adam Dulin于2006年获得犯罪学博士学位。从那时起，他一直在执法部门工作，同时追求不同的研究兴趣。他目前的研究领域包括犯罪受害、警务和有组织犯罪。
{"title":"Community capacity and the reporting of extortion victimization","authors":"Adam Dulin","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2271985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2271985","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe present research examines the impact of actualised collective efficacy on the probability of reporting extortion victimisation in Mexico. The mechanisms that encourage crime reporting have been an important area of study for years, however the specific factors that increase the probability of reporting extortion have eluded examination. The analysis extends the concept of collective efficacy, adapting it to contexts where actual informal social control effects can be examined. Therefore, the present study moves beyond perceptions and measures knowledge of, and participation in, such neighbourhood activities. The statistical analysis of 3,453 cases of extortion revealed that both actualised collective efficacy and participation in informal social control were strong predictors of reporting extortion victimisation to authorities after controlling for 20 other potentially confounding variables.KEYWORDS: Collective efficacycrime reportingextortionMexico Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The views expressed in this manuscript are strictly those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of State or any official or office in the U.S. Government.2. “Collective efficacy is conceived of as a confluence of networks, values, and norms of reciprocity that combine to enable individuals and communities to intervene as a way of suppressing norm-deviant behaviour and of maintaining social order” (Brunton‐Smith et al., Citation2018, p. 608).3. Exortion is operationalised in the ENVIPE surveys as the use of threats, coercion and trickery to demand money, goods or to make the victim do or stop doing something (INEGI, Citation2021a).4. The role of citizens in combatting this crime in Mexico has been emphasised in recent years. In 2007 a call centre was created in Mexico City, staffed by citizen volunteers, to assist victims of telephonic extortion by providing guidance and gathering critical information on this type of extortion (Azaola, Citation2009).5. Particularly in Mexico where police are seen as corrupt (Garduno, Citation2019).6. Robbery was chosen as a proxy consistent with other studies (c.f. Gray et al., Citation2011).7. Admittedly, operationalisation of “fear” of crime is subject to pitfalls. Concepts such as fear and worry can be confused (Hough, Citation2004). What this analysis controls for is a cognitive assessment of victimisation risk consistent with other previous studies (c.f. Rengifo & Bolton, Citation2012).8. Number of assailants, presence of weapons, and injury to victim had missingness patterns that were potentially missing not at random (MNAR). This was compounded by the high degree of missingness (up to 92%) in the variables, which drastically reduced their utility in the multiple imputation procedure as well as their informativeness in the modelling. As such, the injury and weapon variables were excluded from the analysis to address the","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136161050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2022.2052126
Jason R. Silva
ABSTRACT This study compares mass shootings in the US against developed and developing countries (1998–2019). Findings indicate US mass shootings were more likely to involve workplaces, employment/financial problems, relationship problems, and multiple firearms. Mass shootings in all developed countries (including the US) were more likely than developing countries to involve foreign-born perpetrators, ideological motives, fame-seeking motives, schools, open-spaces, and handguns. Mass shootings in the US account for 73% of all incidents and 62% of all fatalities in developed countries. Mass shootings in developing countries were more likely to involve military and police perpetrators, rifles, and military/police locations. A discussion of findings offers insight for understanding and addressing the global mass shooting problem.
{"title":"Global mass shootings: comparing the United States against developed and developing countries","authors":"Jason R. Silva","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2022.2052126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2022.2052126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study compares mass shootings in the US against developed and developing countries (1998–2019). Findings indicate US mass shootings were more likely to involve workplaces, employment/financial problems, relationship problems, and multiple firearms. Mass shootings in all developed countries (including the US) were more likely than developing countries to involve foreign-born perpetrators, ideological motives, fame-seeking motives, schools, open-spaces, and handguns. Mass shootings in the US account for 73% of all incidents and 62% of all fatalities in developed countries. Mass shootings in developing countries were more likely to involve military and police perpetrators, rifles, and military/police locations. A discussion of findings offers insight for understanding and addressing the global mass shooting problem.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2261562
Emily A. Greene-Colozzi, Joshua D. Freilich
For decades now, mass shootings have been viewed as a uniquely American problem, a crime issue that is specific to the culture, politics, and history of the United States. Only recently has research started to investigate the global context of mass shootings to assess exactly how unique the United States is, and how or why mass gun violence occurs in other countries. This special issue offers insight on global mass shootings from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, featuring three innovative articles covering international differences and similarities in motivation, behaviour, and warning signs among mass shooters around the world.
{"title":"Introduction to the special issue on global mass shootings","authors":"Emily A. Greene-Colozzi, Joshua D. Freilich","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2261562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2261562","url":null,"abstract":"For decades now, mass shootings have been viewed as a uniquely American problem, a crime issue that is specific to the culture, politics, and history of the United States. Only recently has research started to investigate the global context of mass shootings to assess exactly how unique the United States is, and how or why mass gun violence occurs in other countries. This special issue offers insight on global mass shootings from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, featuring three innovative articles covering international differences and similarities in motivation, behaviour, and warning signs among mass shooters around the world.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2250022
C. Walsh, Twylla Cunningham
Community sanctions often require the coordination of support between probation staff and a range of non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Despite these burgeoning partnerships, few studies have explored the experiences of such support in settings where community spaces and structures remain contested, where violence remains endemic; and where paramilitary influence endures. This explorative study captured the voices of justice involved young men to understand the barriers and facilitators of accessing support intended to reduce the latent criminogenic effects of living in a post-conflict society. This study found that young men experienced ecological stressors known to increase criminal coping. Exposure to paramilitary-related harms and a lack of trust in police as well as local NGOs had a tangible effect on support seeking. Further, adherence to traditional masculine norms exacerbated these issues. Practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Risk and refuge: Factors that facilitate and impede community supervision in post-conflict Northern Ireland","authors":"C. Walsh, Twylla Cunningham","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2250022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2250022","url":null,"abstract":"Community sanctions often require the coordination of support between probation staff and a range of non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Despite these burgeoning partnerships, few studies have explored the experiences of such support in settings where community spaces and structures remain contested, where violence remains endemic; and where paramilitary influence endures. This explorative study captured the voices of justice involved young men to understand the barriers and facilitators of accessing support intended to reduce the latent criminogenic effects of living in a post-conflict society. This study found that young men experienced ecological stressors known to increase criminal coping. Exposure to paramilitary-related harms and a lack of trust in police as well as local NGOs had a tangible effect on support seeking. Further, adherence to traditional masculine norms exacerbated these issues. Practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47652931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2243348
L. Iesue, Wayne J. Pitts, Christopher S. Inkpen
{"title":"Fear of crime and the willingness to report crime to police: A case study of model policing in Meta-Mercado, Coatepeque, Guatemala","authors":"L. Iesue, Wayne J. Pitts, Christopher S. Inkpen","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2243348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2243348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43282565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2221751
J. Schildkraut, Nadine M. Connell, N. Barbieri, Rafael de Azeredo
{"title":"American uniqueness revisited: A comparative examination of two school shootings using the path to intended violence","authors":"J. Schildkraut, Nadine M. Connell, N. Barbieri, Rafael de Azeredo","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2221751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2221751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45385644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2215876
Peter Langman
{"title":"Irrational rationales: vicarious and fictional justifications among ideological killers","authors":"Peter Langman","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2215876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2215876","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45003788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2023.2202868
Tarah Hodgkinson, Lacey Schaefer, Niamh Harte, N. Pearson, Natasha Lonergan, C. Barber
{"title":"And you know, we’re on each other’s team: Lessons from an in-depth analysis of researcher–practitioner partnerships in criminal justice research","authors":"Tarah Hodgkinson, Lacey Schaefer, Niamh Harte, N. Pearson, Natasha Lonergan, C. Barber","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2023.2202868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2023.2202868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43238540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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