Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.2023026
Sally Kennedy, I. Warren
ABSTRACT This paper outlines a range of factors associated with extradition and transnational online intellectual property offending by examining the Australian case of Hew Griffiths. In documenting key legal issues from available domestic and international verdicts examining this case, we show how broad legislative drafting in Australia works alongside the decision to initiate conspiracy charges to favour extradition. We also examine how Australian legal requirements that remove the presumption of bail for transnational fugitives limit the prospect of mounting a fair defence against extradition and during a foreign trial, and the limited direct impact of determinations by the United Nations Human Rights Committee on these national processes. We critically discuss the implications of these rulings in the Griffiths case in light of the evolving role of extradition law in a digital age and their implications on theories of criminal jurisdiction founded on the principle of extraterritoriality.
{"title":"Extraterritorial offending, extradition, and Australia’s case against Hew Griffiths","authors":"Sally Kennedy, I. Warren","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.2023026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.2023026","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper outlines a range of factors associated with extradition and transnational online intellectual property offending by examining the Australian case of Hew Griffiths. In documenting key legal issues from available domestic and international verdicts examining this case, we show how broad legislative drafting in Australia works alongside the decision to initiate conspiracy charges to favour extradition. We also examine how Australian legal requirements that remove the presumption of bail for transnational fugitives limit the prospect of mounting a fair defence against extradition and during a foreign trial, and the limited direct impact of determinations by the United Nations Human Rights Committee on these national processes. We critically discuss the implications of these rulings in the Griffiths case in light of the evolving role of extradition law in a digital age and their implications on theories of criminal jurisdiction founded on the principle of extraterritoriality.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49464257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.2015698
Kyler R. Nielson, Jurg Gerber, Wen-Chih Huang
ABSTRACT This article examines Taiwanese police officers’ and cadets’ attitudes towards immigrants in Taiwan. We examine how attitudes vary based on individual characteristics, and we focus on observed generational differences. The study aim is to better understand attitudinal differences between officers and cadets, towards the increasingly salient issue of immigration in Taiwan, while also accounting for other predictor variables. Utilising survey data collected from 538 officers and cadets in Taiwan we examine attitudes towards immigrants and crime, encouragement of immigration, police treatment of immigrants, and interactions with and perceptions of immigrants. This study finds support for the notion that there are notable attitudinal differences between older, experienced officers and younger, non-experienced cadets. Cadets were more likely to have positive and open attitudes compared to officer counterparts. Implications for police training and education in Taiwan are discussed.
{"title":"Police attitudes towards immigrants and immigration: generational differences between officers and cadets in Taiwan","authors":"Kyler R. Nielson, Jurg Gerber, Wen-Chih Huang","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.2015698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.2015698","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines Taiwanese police officers’ and cadets’ attitudes towards immigrants in Taiwan. We examine how attitudes vary based on individual characteristics, and we focus on observed generational differences. The study aim is to better understand attitudinal differences between officers and cadets, towards the increasingly salient issue of immigration in Taiwan, while also accounting for other predictor variables. Utilising survey data collected from 538 officers and cadets in Taiwan we examine attitudes towards immigrants and crime, encouragement of immigration, police treatment of immigrants, and interactions with and perceptions of immigrants. This study finds support for the notion that there are notable attitudinal differences between older, experienced officers and younger, non-experienced cadets. Cadets were more likely to have positive and open attitudes compared to officer counterparts. Implications for police training and education in Taiwan are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45522607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.2008460
Stuti S. Kokkalera, C. Marshall, I. Marshall
ABSTRACT This study examines whether Situational Action Theory (SAT) can explain variation in delinquent offending between countries grouped along shared moral values. Thirteen countries were categorised in terms of “contextual morality” according to results from the World Values Survey. Then, survey data from a cross-section of 12 to 16-year-old youths in the International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD3) were employed to test hypotheses that SAT operates differently between countries in “low contextual morality” and “high contextual morality” clusters. Multivariate analyses reveal that SAT is a generalisable theory of offending, since criminal propensity, self-control and personal morality operate in both low and high contextual morality country clusters. While exposure to criminogenic influence is the most salient, it is significantly higher in the “high contextual morality” cluster, suggesting that delinquent behaviour is more frequent when there is inconsistency between personal morality and the broader moral context. We conclude with implications for theory and policy.
{"title":"Does national moral context make a difference? A comparative test of Situational Action Theory","authors":"Stuti S. Kokkalera, C. Marshall, I. Marshall","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.2008460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.2008460","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines whether Situational Action Theory (SAT) can explain variation in delinquent offending between countries grouped along shared moral values. Thirteen countries were categorised in terms of “contextual morality” according to results from the World Values Survey. Then, survey data from a cross-section of 12 to 16-year-old youths in the International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD3) were employed to test hypotheses that SAT operates differently between countries in “low contextual morality” and “high contextual morality” clusters. Multivariate analyses reveal that SAT is a generalisable theory of offending, since criminal propensity, self-control and personal morality operate in both low and high contextual morality country clusters. While exposure to criminogenic influence is the most salient, it is significantly higher in the “high contextual morality” cluster, suggesting that delinquent behaviour is more frequent when there is inconsistency between personal morality and the broader moral context. We conclude with implications for theory and policy.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-14DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1998918
I. Cano, Emiliano Rojido
ABSTRACT Latin America and the Caribbean are experiencing dramatic rates of lethal violence., The purpose of this study is to analyse homicide prevention programmes in the region. With this aim, a systematic search was carried out that identified 109 initiatives which had the explicit objective of reducing homicides or a proven effect in doing so. Though small in number, these programmes are very varied in nature and may be classified into 15 types, grouped within six different strategies: (i) controlling protective or risk factors; (ii) promoting cultural changes; (iii) protecting at-risk groups; (iv) improving the criminal justice system; (v) reinsertion, mediation, or negotiation aimed at perpetrators; and (vi) integrated violence reduction strategies. Overall, homicide prevention programmes are few and tend to be more focused in terms of areas and target audiences than general violence prevention strategies. Also, they tend to rely more on tertiary prevention.
{"title":"Homicide prevention programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean","authors":"I. Cano, Emiliano Rojido","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1998918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1998918","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Latin America and the Caribbean are experiencing dramatic rates of lethal violence., The purpose of this study is to analyse homicide prevention programmes in the region. With this aim, a systematic search was carried out that identified 109 initiatives which had the explicit objective of reducing homicides or a proven effect in doing so. Though small in number, these programmes are very varied in nature and may be classified into 15 types, grouped within six different strategies: (i) controlling protective or risk factors; (ii) promoting cultural changes; (iii) protecting at-risk groups; (iv) improving the criminal justice system; (v) reinsertion, mediation, or negotiation aimed at perpetrators; and (vi) integrated violence reduction strategies. Overall, homicide prevention programmes are few and tend to be more focused in terms of areas and target audiences than general violence prevention strategies. Also, they tend to rely more on tertiary prevention.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59312146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1998917
Hyunin Baek, Sungil Han, Quinn Gordon
ABSTRACT Despite Mexico’s justice reform, most Mexican citizens do not trust in their criminal justice system. Particularly, public dissatisfaction with the police has not been solved in Mexico. Researchers have examined citizens’ trust in the police to improve public-police relationship in Mexico. Relatively less attention, however, has been made to the theoretical framework, which explores factors such as instrumental and expressive factors that influence the public trust in the police. Thus, using a data set from the Latin American Public Opinion Project, this study conducted multiple regressions to find those factors. Results indicated that neighbourhood security (key instrumental factors) was significantly related to trust in the police. In addition, police corruption showed a negative association with trust in police and public satisfaction with police performance. This study found supporting evidence that securing neighbourhoods builds more confidence in the police among residents. Overall, these results suggest meaningful strategies to improve trust in the Mexico’s police.
{"title":"Factors that influence trust in the police in Mexico","authors":"Hyunin Baek, Sungil Han, Quinn Gordon","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1998917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1998917","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite Mexico’s justice reform, most Mexican citizens do not trust in their criminal justice system. Particularly, public dissatisfaction with the police has not been solved in Mexico. Researchers have examined citizens’ trust in the police to improve public-police relationship in Mexico. Relatively less attention, however, has been made to the theoretical framework, which explores factors such as instrumental and expressive factors that influence the public trust in the police. Thus, using a data set from the Latin American Public Opinion Project, this study conducted multiple regressions to find those factors. Results indicated that neighbourhood security (key instrumental factors) was significantly related to trust in the police. In addition, police corruption showed a negative association with trust in police and public satisfaction with police performance. This study found supporting evidence that securing neighbourhoods builds more confidence in the police among residents. Overall, these results suggest meaningful strategies to improve trust in the Mexico’s police.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1995889
Cléber Lopes, William De Soto, E. Ribeiro, J. González
ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to analyse the individual determinants of public attitudes towards the pro-death penalty in 11 Latin American jurisdictions surveyed by the World Values Survey 7th wave (2017–2020). We use linear regression to examine two explanations that may help us understand popular support for the death penalty in this region: the escalating crime-distrust model and the out-group animus model. The analysis shows that both models provide only partial support for variations in public attitudes towards the death penalty in Latin America. While there is an association between residents’ fear of crime and their disdain for out-groups, an important part of the explanation seems to be related to contextual factors in each country. Thus, future studies need to analyse how elite framing and/or movements in defence of victims of violent crimesexplain popular attitudes towards the death penalty in the region.
{"title":"Public opinion on the death penalty in Latin America: exploring the individuals determinants in 11 jurisdictions","authors":"Cléber Lopes, William De Soto, E. Ribeiro, J. González","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1995889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1995889","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to analyse the individual determinants of public attitudes towards the pro-death penalty in 11 Latin American jurisdictions surveyed by the World Values Survey 7th wave (2017–2020). We use linear regression to examine two explanations that may help us understand popular support for the death penalty in this region: the escalating crime-distrust model and the out-group animus model. The analysis shows that both models provide only partial support for variations in public attitudes towards the death penalty in Latin America. While there is an association between residents’ fear of crime and their disdain for out-groups, an important part of the explanation seems to be related to contextual factors in each country. Thus, future studies need to analyse how elite framing and/or movements in defence of victims of violent crimesexplain popular attitudes towards the death penalty in the region.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41405083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1989609
M. S. Orlando, D. Farrington, D. Jolliffe
ABSTRACT Low empathy is an important psychological construct for understanding persistent criminal and antisocial behavior. In this study the affective empathy (the capacity to experience the emotions of others) and cognitive empathy (the capacity to understand the emotions of others) of 100 young male offenders (aged 16-17) in Buenos Aires was assessed using the Basic Empathy Scale. The level of empathy of young offenders who were repeat offenders (N=49) was then compared to one-time offenders (N=51). In addition, data on family criminality, school achievement and socioeconomic status was also obtained for both groups. The results showed that repeat offenders had significantly lower affective and cognitive empathy, and that these relationships held independently of the other related factors. These findings suggest that low empathy may be an important explanatory factor for repeat offending of juveniles in Argentina, and therefore may be a useful target for interventions designed to reduce repeat offending
{"title":"Empathy and repeat offending of young offenders in Argentina","authors":"M. S. Orlando, D. Farrington, D. Jolliffe","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1989609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1989609","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Low empathy is an important psychological construct for understanding persistent criminal and antisocial behavior. In this study the affective empathy (the capacity to experience the emotions of others) and cognitive empathy (the capacity to understand the emotions of others) of 100 young male offenders (aged 16-17) in Buenos Aires was assessed using the Basic Empathy Scale. The level of empathy of young offenders who were repeat offenders (N=49) was then compared to one-time offenders (N=51). In addition, data on family criminality, school achievement and socioeconomic status was also obtained for both groups. The results showed that repeat offenders had significantly lower affective and cognitive empathy, and that these relationships held independently of the other related factors. These findings suggest that low empathy may be an important explanatory factor for repeat offending of juveniles in Argentina, and therefore may be a useful target for interventions designed to reduce repeat offending","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47523538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1989608
Emiliano Rojido, I. Cano
ABSTRACT Paz y Justicia is an innovative programme in which a civil society organisation conducts criminal investigations of homicides in high-incidence communities of Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula, taking on a characteristic role of the State. The objective of this article is to understand how the programme works and to evaluate its impact. The evaluation design is based on control groups with similar homicide rates and socio-economic indicators as the intervened areas. Given the lack of reliable data to calculate indictment and conviction rates, the incidence of homicides is considered as the only dependent variable. Qualitative data were also gathered, through semi-structured interviews and field visits, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the programme. The impact evaluation reveals that Paz y Justicia can reduce homicides in the areas in which it operates, but this effect is not universal. The article discusses possible mechanisms to explain these results.
{"title":"Impact evaluation of the “Paz y Justicia” programme to reduce homicides in Honduras","authors":"Emiliano Rojido, I. Cano","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1989608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1989608","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Paz y Justicia is an innovative programme in which a civil society organisation conducts criminal investigations of homicides in high-incidence communities of Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula, taking on a characteristic role of the State. The objective of this article is to understand how the programme works and to evaluate its impact. The evaluation design is based on control groups with similar homicide rates and socio-economic indicators as the intervened areas. Given the lack of reliable data to calculate indictment and conviction rates, the incidence of homicides is considered as the only dependent variable. Qualitative data were also gathered, through semi-structured interviews and field visits, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the programme. The impact evaluation reveals that Paz y Justicia can reduce homicides in the areas in which it operates, but this effect is not universal. The article discusses possible mechanisms to explain these results.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43490105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1992640
Miguel Inzunza, Niclas Carlsson
ABSTRACT A need to develop effective crime prevention strategies has been recognised throughout history. Due to the financial constraints of criminal justice systems, there are major global efforts to ensure that the strategies employed are highly cost-effective, rational, and evidence-based. To aid such efforts, this study explores the impact of a collaborative, community-oriented crime prevention initiative in Colombia. Empirically, it is based on pre- and post-intervention views of police officers and citizens (assessed by questionnaires) in areas covered by the initiative and control areas, complemented with focus group interviews and crime statistics. The police officers appreciated the greater autonomy provided by the approach and associated changes in organisational culture. The citizens had substantial trust in the police, despite high perceptions of general disorder and personal fear of crime. The preliminary findings indicate that the approach has had some promising effects, but several aspects require more attention.
{"title":"Crime prevention in Colombia: A pilot study","authors":"Miguel Inzunza, Niclas Carlsson","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1992640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1992640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A need to develop effective crime prevention strategies has been recognised throughout history. Due to the financial constraints of criminal justice systems, there are major global efforts to ensure that the strategies employed are highly cost-effective, rational, and evidence-based. To aid such efforts, this study explores the impact of a collaborative, community-oriented crime prevention initiative in Colombia. Empirically, it is based on pre- and post-intervention views of police officers and citizens (assessed by questionnaires) in areas covered by the initiative and control areas, complemented with focus group interviews and crime statistics. The police officers appreciated the greater autonomy provided by the approach and associated changes in organisational culture. The citizens had substantial trust in the police, despite high perceptions of general disorder and personal fear of crime. The preliminary findings indicate that the approach has had some promising effects, but several aspects require more attention.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49425827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-19DOI: 10.1080/01924036.2021.1989607
Nico Trajtenberg, Olga Sánchez de Ribera, José María Andreu-Rodríguez, E. León-Mayer, Wadgy Loza
ABSTRACT Structured risk assessment tools are widely used across the criminal justice systems in western countries. However, little research has been conducted to validate these tools in low and middle-income societies. The aim of this study was to validate a cost-efficient risk assessment tool, the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) in Uruguay, Latin America. The SAQ was administered to a sample of 333 adult male inmates in combination with data from the case file information at the Prison System and self-report. Results showed significant evidence of SAQ’s score reliability (Cronbach α = .91) and concurrent validity with the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Short Form (r = .62, p < .001). Furthermore, the SAQ showed satisfactory concurrent validity with official data and self-report data for recidivism (AUC = .71 and .75) and for violent recidivism (AUC = .76 and .77). Implications for future research in low and middle-income countries are discussed.
{"title":"Risk assessment of recidivism in Latin America: assessing the reliability and validity of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire","authors":"Nico Trajtenberg, Olga Sánchez de Ribera, José María Andreu-Rodríguez, E. León-Mayer, Wadgy Loza","doi":"10.1080/01924036.2021.1989607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2021.1989607","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Structured risk assessment tools are widely used across the criminal justice systems in western countries. However, little research has been conducted to validate these tools in low and middle-income societies. The aim of this study was to validate a cost-efficient risk assessment tool, the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) in Uruguay, Latin America. The SAQ was administered to a sample of 333 adult male inmates in combination with data from the case file information at the Prison System and self-report. Results showed significant evidence of SAQ’s score reliability (Cronbach α = .91) and concurrent validity with the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Short Form (r = .62, p < .001). Furthermore, the SAQ showed satisfactory concurrent validity with official data and self-report data for recidivism (AUC = .71 and .75) and for violent recidivism (AUC = .76 and .77). Implications for future research in low and middle-income countries are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45887,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49659325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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