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John Bynner obituary: to a pioneer of social research using comparative longitudinal data (28 April 1938 to 22 August 2023). 约翰-宾纳讣告:使用比较纵向数据进行社会研究的先驱(1938 年 4 月 28 日至 2023 年 8 月 22 日)。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000029
Ingrid Schoon
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引用次数: 0
Creating our legacy. 创造我们的遗产
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000031
Tony Robertson
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引用次数: 0
Mediation of risk factors for high blood pressure in four racial and ethnic populations. 四种种族和民族人群高血压风险因素的中介作用。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000030
Anna Zamora-Kapoor, Luciana Hebert, Pranav Mellacheruvu, Dedra Buchwald, Ka'imi Sinclair

This study evaluated the extent to which body mass index (BMI) mediates associations between risk factors and incident high blood pressure in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs), Non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) and Hispanics. There were 7,793 participants from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health: 312 AI/ANs, 1,091 Hispanics, 1,567 NHBs and 4,823 NHWs. Risk factors for high blood pressure included adolescent BMI, TV watching, fast-food consumption, smoking, parental obesity, parental educational attainment and financial instability. Relative risk regression models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine associations between risk factors and incident high blood pressure. Path analysis was used to assess mediation by BMI. Female sex was a protective factor against high blood pressure, and higher BMI was a risk factor in all populations. Smoking increased high blood pressure risk in AI/ANs (Incident Rate Ratio [IRR]: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.27), but not in other groups. BMI partially mediated the effect of parental obesity on high blood pressure in NHWs and completely mediated the effect of parental obesity in NHBs. In AI/ANs and Hispanics, BMI did not mediate the relationship between incident high blood pressure and any risk factor. This study assessed the extent to which BMI mediates risk factors for high blood pressure in four populations, and showed important differences across populations. Further research is needed to improve knowledge about relationships between BMI, risk factors and incident high blood pressure, and their potential variability by race/ethnicity.

本研究评估了身体质量指数(BMI)在多大程度上介导了美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AI/ANs)、非西班牙裔白人(NHWs)、非西班牙裔黑人(NHBs)和西班牙裔美国人的高血压发病风险因素之间的关联。全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究 "共有 7793 名参与者:其中包括 312 名美国原住民/印第安人、1,091 名西班牙裔、1,567 名非西班牙裔黑人和 4,823 名非西班牙裔妇女。高血压的风险因素包括青少年体重指数、看电视、吃快餐、吸烟、父母肥胖、父母受教育程度和经济不稳定。采用按种族/族裔分层的相对风险回归模型来研究风险因素与高血压发病率之间的关联。路径分析用于评估体重指数的中介作用。在所有人群中,女性是高血压的保护因素,而较高的体重指数则是风险因素。吸烟会增加美国原住民/印第安人的高血压风险(发病率比 [IRR]: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.27),但在其他群体中不会。体重指数(BMI)部分调节了父母肥胖对非高危人群高血压的影响,完全调节了父母肥胖对非高危人群高血压的影响。在美国原住民/印第安人和西班牙裔人中,BMI 并不介导高血压事件与任何风险因素之间的关系。这项研究评估了四种人群中 BMI 对高血压风险因素的中介作用程度,并显示出不同人群之间的重要差异。要进一步了解 BMI、风险因素和高血压发病率之间的关系,以及它们在不同种族/族裔中的潜在差异,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Socio-economic gradients in pupils' self-efficacy: evidence, evolution and main drivers during the primary school years in France. 小学生自我效能感的社会经济梯度:法国小学阶段的证据、演变和主要驱动因素。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000028
Franco Bonomi Bezzo, Lidia Panico, Anne Solaz

Socio-emotional skills, vital for navigating life's challenges, significantly influence educational success and well-being. Thus, socio-economic disparities in these skills may contribute to broader inequalities in achievement. Despite their importance, research in certain contexts, like France, remains limited. Self-efficacy, a cornerstone of socio-emotional well-being, develops early and it is influenced by familial and contextual factors. The primary school years are central for self-efficacy development. During this period, socio-economic gaps in self-efficacy may emerge, influenced by family environments and experiences at school. Using data from the 2011 Panel of Pupils we find that French pupils have similar academic self-efficacy whatever their socio-economic background at the start of primary school. However, at the end of primary school, children coming from more disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds exhibit lower academic self-efficacy as compared to more advantaged peers, and this socio-economic gap is particularly strong among girls. The findings of this work underscore the need for educational policies to focus on socio-emotional skills development alongside cognitive skills from an early age to reduce socio-economic inequalities.

社会情感技能对于应对生活中的挑战至关重要,对教育的成功和幸福有重大影响。因此,这些技能方面的社会经济差异可能会导致更广泛的成就不平等。尽管这些技能非常重要,但在某些情况下,如法国,对它们的研究仍然有限。自我效能感是社会情感幸福的基石,很早就已经形成,并受到家庭和环境因素的影响。小学阶段是自我效能感发展的关键时期。在此期间,受家庭环境和在校经历的影响,自我效能感方面可能会出现社会经济差距。通过使用 2011 年学生小组的数据,我们发现法国学生无论其社会经济背景如何,在小学开始时都具有相似的学业自我效能感。然而,在小学毕业时,社会经济背景较差的儿童与社会经济背景较好的儿童相比,学业自我效能感较低,这种社会经济差距在女孩中尤为明显。这项工作的研究结果突出表明,教育政策需要从小就注重社会情感技能和认知技能的发展,以减少社会经济不平等现象。
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引用次数: 0
SHARE Corona Surveys: study profile. SHARE 日冕调查:研究概况。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000027
Michael Bergmann, Melanie Wagner, Yasemin Yilmaz, Kathrin Axt, Judith Kronschnabl, Yuri Pettinicchi, Daniel Schmidutz, Karin Schuller, Stephanie Stuck, Axel Börsch-Supan

At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was in a unique position to respond to the need for high quality survey data on people's changing living situations. Implemented as two telephone interviews in the summer of 2020 and 2021 in 27 European countries and Israel, the SHARE Corona Surveys present a great advantage by their integration into the longitudinal, multidisciplinary and ex-ante harmonised design of the SHARE study. This allows researchers to trace changes from the pre-pandemic period, through the different stages of the pandemic, and the post-pandemic situation. This article lays out the research aims and how the two Corona Surveys fit in the general design of SHARE. It presents the main design features of the SHARE Corona Surveys following the survey life cycle. It starts with information on procurement, contracting, funding, ethics, and data protection and sampling, followed by information on instrument design, translations, questionnaire content and interviewer training. Last, fieldwork, panel care and data processing are described. Focused on topics of health behaviour, health care, economics and social relationships, the balanced panel sample of the two SHARE Corona Surveys comprises more than 48,000 interviews and provides valuable information on how the 50+ population coped with the COVID-19 pandemic. The experience of implementing the SHARE Corona Surveys also offers insights into use of agile project management methods for large survey infrastructures and moving towards a multi-mode design in an ongoing panel data collection project.

在 COVID-19 大流行开始时,欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查(SHARE)处于一个独特的位置,可以满足对有关人们不断变化的生活状况的高质量调查数据的需求。2020 年和 2021 年夏季,SHARE 日冕调查将在 27 个欧洲国家和以色列进行两次电话访谈,通过与 SHARE 研究的纵向、多学科和事前统一设计相结合,日冕调查具有极大的优势。这使研究人员能够追踪从大流行前到大流行不同阶段以及大流行后的变化情况。本文阐述了研究目的以及两项 Corona 调查如何与 SHARE 的总体设计相匹配。文章按照调查周期介绍了 SHARE Corona 调查的主要设计特点。首先介绍了采购、签约、资金、道德规范、数据保护和抽样等方面的信息,然后介绍了工具设计、翻译、问卷内容和访问员培训等方面的信息。最后,介绍了实地工作、小组护理和数据处理。两次 SHARE Corona 调查的平衡面板样本侧重于健康行为、医疗保健、经济和社会关系等主题,包括 48,000 多个访谈,为 50 岁以上人群如何应对 COVID-19 大流行提供了宝贵信息。实施 SHARE Corona 调查的经验还为在大型调查基础设施中使用敏捷项目管理方法以及在正在进行的小组数据收集项目中采用多模式设计提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Like mama always said: family socio-economic status, maternal attitudes and leader role occupancy in adulthood. 就像妈妈常说的:家庭的社会经济地位、母亲的态度和成年后领导者的角色定位。
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000024
Therese Reitan, Sten-Åke Stenberg

Leadership research has always recognised the importance of childhood factors for the occupation of formal or informal leader positions later in life. Still, empirical research in the field has mainly been based on retrospective accounts from selective and small samples. Such research has also concentrated on individual traits and experiences, less on characteristics of the family. Our aim is to fill this void by prospectively examining the role of the family of origin on educational attainment and holding a managerial position in adulthood. Analyses were based on the Stockholm Multigenerational Study, including register and survey data, regarding 3,088 males born between 1950 and 1976 and their mothers' attitudes to education and child-rearing in the late 1960s. Our results showed a significant effect of family socio-economic status (SES) on managerial role occupancy in late adulthood. This effect was mainly mediated through educational level. However, a noteworthy share of the total effect of family SES was channelled through maternal attitudes towards education. Positive attitudes towards education in the home environment accounted for an equally large share of the total indirect effect of family SES as the offspring's cognitive capacity did. Authoritarian attitudes to child-rearing among mothers were also found to have a negative impact on cognitive capacity and educational level - two well-known antecedents to leader emergence. Parental attitudes may boost or modify structural characteristics and individual traits associated with holding formal leader roles such as a managerial position - but also showed an independent effect several decades later.

领导力研究一直认为,童年时期的因素对于日后担任正式或非正式领导职务非常重要。然而,该领域的实证研究主要是基于选择性和小样本的回顾性描述。这些研究也主要集中于个人特征和经历,较少涉及家庭特征。我们的目的是通过前瞻性地研究原生家庭对教育程度和成年后担任管理职位的影响来填补这一空白。我们根据斯德哥尔摩多代研究(Stockholm Multigenerational Study)的登记和调查数据,对 1950 年至 1976 年间出生的 3088 名男性及其母亲在 20 世纪 60 年代末对教育和养育子女的态度进行了分析。我们的研究结果表明,家庭社会经济地位(SES)对成年晚期的管理角色占有率有明显影响。这种影响主要通过教育水平来调节。然而,在家庭社会经济地位的总体影响中,值得注意的一部分是通过母亲对教育的态度产生的。家庭环境中对教育的积极态度与后代的认知能力一样,在家庭经济条件的间接总效应中占很大比例。研究还发现,母亲对抚养子女的专制态度会对认知能力和教育水平产生负面影响,而认知能力和教育水平是领导者产生的两个众所周知的先决条件。父母的态度可能会促进或改变与担任管理职位等正式领导角色相关的结构特征和个人特质,但在几十年后也会显示出独立的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Can life events predict first-time suicide attempts? A nationwide longitudinal study. 生活事件能否预测首次自杀企图?一项全国性纵向研究
IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1332/17579597Y2024D000000020
Mogens Nygaard Christoffersen, Lorraine Khan

The prevention paradox describes circumstances in which the majority of cases with a suicide attempt come from a population of low or moderate risk, and only a few from a 'high-risk' group. The assumption is that a low base rate in combination with multiple causes makes it impossible to identify a high-risk group with all suicide attempts. The best way to study events such as first-time suicide attempts and their causes is to collect event history data. Administrative registers were used to identify a group at higher risk of suicidal behaviour within a population of six national birth cohorts (N = 300,000) born between 1980 and 1985 and followed from age 15 to 29 years. Estimation of risk parameters is based on the discrete-time logistic odds-ratio model. Lifetime prevalence was 4.5% for first-time suicide attempts. Family background and family child-rearing factors were predicative of later first-time suicide attempts. A young person's diagnosis with psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders (ADHD, anxiety, depression, PTSD), and being a victim of violence or sex offences contributed to the explanatory model. Contrary to the prevention paradox, results suggest that it is possible to identify a discrete high-risk group (<12%) among the population from whom two thirds of all first-time suicide attempts occur, but one third of observed suicide attempts derived from low- to moderate-risk groups. Findings confirm the need for a combined strategy of universal, targeted and indicated prevention approaches in policy development and in strategic and practice responses, and some promising prevention strategies are presented.

预防悖论描述的情况是,大多数企图自杀的病例来自低危或中危人群,只有少数来自 "高危 "人群。其假设是,低基准率加上多种原因,导致无法确定所有自杀未遂者都属于高危人群。研究首次自杀未遂等事件及其原因的最佳方法是收集事件历史数据。我们利用行政登记册,在 1980 年至 1985 年间出生的六个国家出生组群(N = 300,000 人)中确定了一个自杀行为高危人群,并对其 15 岁至 29 岁期间的行为进行了跟踪调查。风险参数的估算基于离散时间逻辑几率模型。首次尝试自杀的终生发生率为 4.5%。家庭背景和家庭育儿因素对后来的首次自杀未遂有预测作用。青少年被诊断出患有精神病或神经发育障碍(多动症、焦虑症、抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍),以及曾是暴力或性犯罪的受害者,都有助于建立解释模型。与预防悖论相反,研究结果表明,有可能识别出一个离散的高危群体(例如,有自杀倾向的青少年)。
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引用次数: 0
Social care in childhood and adult outcomes: double whammy for minority children? 儿童时期的社会关怀与成年后的结果:对少数民族儿童的双重打击?
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1332/17579597y2023d000000008
Amanda Sacker, Emily T. Murray, Barbara Maughan, Rebecca E. Lacey
Children in social care report poor outcomes in many aspects of their later lives. Less is known about differences by ethnicity.We examined the health, socio-economic, family and living arrangements across the first three decades of adult life by the intersection of ethnicity (White, Black, South Asian) with social care.Linked census and life events data for a 1% sample of the population of England and Wales in the ONS Longitudinal Study. Participants were dependent children in 1971–2001 (analytic sample n = 669,474).Categorical regression models compared health, socio-economic circumstances, living arrangements and relationships, controlling for country of birth, childhood census year, childhood and adult age in years, gender, and head of household social class, qualifications, employment status and marital status.Adverse adult outcomes following social care in childhood were conditional on the interaction of social care with ethnicity, mainly in the socio-economic domain. for some outcomes the White group had the poorest outcomes: for example, 15% lower probability of being employed than other White people (65% versus 80%). Black adults with a history of social care did not differ from other Black adults, except for the lowest probability of acquiring their own home, while care-experienced South Asian adults did not differ from other South Asian adults.Minority ethnicity moderated the social care to adult outcomes relationship in both positive and negative ways. Overall, there was little evidence of intersectionality for Black children in social care affecting their life chances.
接受社会护理的儿童在其晚年生活的许多方面都表现不佳。我们根据种族(白人、黑人、南亚人)与社会关怀的交叉点,研究了成年后前三十年的健康、社会经济、家庭和生活安排。分类回归模型比较了健康、社会经济环境、生活安排和人际关系,并对出生国、儿童普查年份、儿童和成人年龄(岁)、性别、户主的社会阶层、学历、就业状况和婚姻状况进行了控制。童年时期接受社会关怀后,成年后的不利结果取决于社会关怀与种族的交互作用,主要体现在社会经济领域。在某些结果中,白人群体的结果最差:例如,就业概率比其他白人低 15%(65% 对 80%)。有社会关怀经历的黑人成年人与其他黑人成年人没有区别,只是获得自己住房的概率最低,而有关怀经历的南亚成年人与其他南亚成年人没有区别。总体而言,几乎没有证据表明黑人儿童在社会关怀方面的交叉性会影响他们的生活机会。
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引用次数: 0
The SLLS in uncertain times: an opportunity to develop an impactful and responsive society. A reply to ‘Studying social change in human lives: a conversation’ by Richard Settersten et al 不确定时期的 SLLS:发展有影响力和反应迅速的社会的机遇。对 Richard Settersten 等人撰写的 "研究人类生活中的社会变革:对话 "的答复
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1332/17579597y2023d000000003
Dario Spini, Susan Morton
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引用次数: 0
Studying social change in human lives: a conversation 研究人类生活中的社会变革:对话
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1332/17579597y2023d000000005
R. Settersten, Dale Dannefer, Glen H. Elder, J. Mortimer, Jessica A Kelley
This commentary reinforces a central commitment of life course research: to make visible how social change matters in human lives. This paper captures a moderated conversation with four senior scholars about how they came to study the intersection between social change and life experience, why this intersection is so important to life course studies, and theoretical and methodological imperatives and challenges that come with it.
这篇评论强化了生命历程研究的一个核心承诺:让人们看到社会变化对人类生活的影响。本文与四位资深学者进行了一次温和的对话,讨论了他们是如何开始研究社会变革与生活经验之间的交集的,为什么这种交集对生命历程研究如此重要,以及随之而来的理论和方法上的必要性和挑战。
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引用次数: 2
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Longitudinal and Life Course Studies
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