“Dressed up with needles,” as they say in Nenets, means praising someone for their impeccable appearance, elegance, and beauty. Nenets women sew clothes for their husbands, children, and themselves. They also sew covers for their tents, bags for storing and packing, the covers for baby cradles, and the last clothes worn by the deceased before burial. Dedicated and loving, a Nenets woman works tirelessly to produce warm, functional, comfortable, and beautiful clothes and footwear for her family, relatives, and community. This article is concerned with the traditional knowledge of Nenets women in the field of sewing, and it also addresses the transfer of such knowledge to younger generations. Specifically, the process of manufacturing fur garments, their different types, and main stages of production are analyzed. The analytical approach of this study is structured within an interdisciplinary methodology.
{"title":"Nomadic Nenets Women’s Sewing Skills: The Ethno-Pedagogical Process of Transferring Traditional Skills and Knowledge by Nenets Women through the Generations as Part of Their Nomadic Culture","authors":"Zoia Vylka Ravna","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.2.97","url":null,"abstract":"“Dressed up with needles,” as they say in Nenets, means praising someone for their impeccable appearance, elegance, and beauty. Nenets women sew clothes for their husbands, children, and themselves. They also sew covers for their tents, bags for storing and packing, the covers for baby cradles, and the last clothes worn by the deceased before burial. Dedicated and loving, a Nenets woman works tirelessly to produce warm, functional, comfortable, and beautiful clothes and footwear for her family, relatives, and community. This article is concerned with the traditional knowledge of Nenets women in the field of sewing, and it also addresses the transfer of such knowledge to younger generations. Specifically, the process of manufacturing fur garments, their different types, and main stages of production are analyzed. The analytical approach of this study is structured within an interdisciplinary methodology.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"116 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42525382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A topographic survey of the Dorset site Phillip’s Garden identified 183 surface features that potentially expand present understandings of social life at the settlement. Its long history of archaeological excavations focused on depressions observable on the ground surface. Excavation confirmed them as large dwellings, which became the basis for describing a unique settlement pattern at the site. This survey detected more subtle depressions and other features, which while remaining untested, could reveal new settlement practices. The number of possible dwellings at the site could more than double earlier estimates, and many of those appear to be lightly constructed compared to excavated houses. The distribution of features shows variation in density and possibly, that feature construction may have involved incorporating other houses and the natural beach terraces. Issues of seasonality, household organization, and cultural and profiles are some of the implications that could be explored as a result of this survey.
{"title":"Topographic Analysis of the Dorset Occupation at Phillip’s Garden, Northwestern Newfoundland: Implications for Dwelling Numbers, Forms, and Site Settlement","authors":"C. Robinson, Patricia J. Wells","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"A topographic survey of the Dorset site Phillip’s Garden identified 183 surface features that potentially expand present understandings of social life at the settlement. Its long history of archaeological excavations focused on depressions observable on the ground surface. Excavation confirmed them as large dwellings, which became the basis for describing a unique settlement pattern at the site. This survey detected more subtle depressions and other features, which while remaining untested, could reveal new settlement practices. The number of possible dwellings at the site could more than double earlier estimates, and many of those appear to be lightly constructed compared to excavated houses. The distribution of features shows variation in density and possibly, that feature construction may have involved incorporating other houses and the natural beach terraces. Issues of seasonality, household organization, and cultural and profiles are some of the implications that could be explored as a result of this survey.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"48 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.48","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the 1920s, two main cultural entities are distinguished in the eastern Canadian Arctic, namely Pre-Dorset and Dorset, with the latter being considered as originating from the former. This assertion has, however, been challenged for the past 30 years. To get new insights about the filiations of the Pre-Dorset and Dorset, technological and typological analyses of bone artifacts were performed on collections from five type sites located in the northern Foxe Basin and on the southern shore of the Hudson Strait. Jørgen Meldgaard’s excavations in the Igloolik area (1950s–1960s) have been revisited, as well as those of William E. Taylor Jr. (1958) and the Avataq Cultural Institute (2001–2006) at the Tayara site. New elements of change and continuity through time were observed that permit refinement of the definitions of the Late Pre-Dorset, Early Dorset, and Middle Dorset phases. In the studied areas, clear filiations are seen from Pre-Dorset to Dorset that probably arose in situ. Based on technological and typological criteria, a reassessed relative chronology is proposed for the eastern Canadian Arctic.
自20世纪20年代以来，在加拿大东部的北极地区，有两种主要的文化实体，即前多塞特和多塞特，后者被认为起源于前者。然而，这一论断在过去30年里受到了挑战。为了获得关于前多塞特和多塞特的联系的新见解，对位于福克斯盆地北部和哈德逊海峡南岸的五个类型遗址的藏品进行了骨骼文物的技术和类型学分析。Jørgen Meldgaard在Igloolik地区的挖掘(1950 - 60年代)，以及William E. Taylor Jr.(1958年)和Avataq文化研究所(2001-2006年)在Tayara遗址的挖掘也被重新审视。随着时间的推移，变化和连续性的新元素被观察到，这使得多塞特前期晚期、多塞特早期和中多塞特阶段的定义得以完善。在研究区域，可以看到从Pre-Dorset到Dorset的明显联合，可能是原位形成的。基于技术和类型标准，提出了加拿大东部北极地区重新评估的相对年表。
{"title":"Cultural Continuity from Pre-Dorset to Dorset in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Highlighted by Bone Technology and Typology","authors":"Claire Houmard","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1920s, two main cultural entities are distinguished in the eastern Canadian Arctic, namely Pre-Dorset and Dorset, with the latter being considered as originating from the former. This assertion has, however, been challenged for the past 30 years. To get new insights about the filiations of the Pre-Dorset and Dorset, technological and typological analyses of bone artifacts were performed on collections from five type sites located in the northern Foxe Basin and on the southern shore of the Hudson Strait. Jørgen Meldgaard’s excavations in the Igloolik area (1950s–1960s) have been revisited, as well as those of William E. Taylor Jr. (1958) and the Avataq Cultural Institute (2001–2006) at the Tayara site. New elements of change and continuity through time were observed that permit refinement of the definitions of the Late Pre-Dorset, Early Dorset, and Middle Dorset phases. In the studied areas, clear filiations are seen from Pre-Dorset to Dorset that probably arose in situ. Based on technological and typological criteria, a reassessed relative chronology is proposed for the eastern Canadian Arctic.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"24 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.24","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45670221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excavation at Gröf, an early modern inland farm in Iceland’s southern Skaftártunga region, reveals a faunal assemblage dominated by fragmented and burned whale bone. To date, no other inland assemblages exhibiting these characteristics have been reported in Iceland. The presence of whale bone at an inland farm site in Iceland is itself peculiar, but the fact that in it is heavily fragmented and burned is even more unusual. It is hypothesized that whale bone was being used as a source of fuel and that this may indicate this farm had increased access to coastal resources. The presence of these burnt whale bones is examined in the context of the environmental, climatic and political/economic conditions of early modern Iceland.
{"title":"Whale Bone as Fuel at an Inland Farm in Early Modern Iceland","authors":"George Hambrecht, Kevin Gibbons","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.63","url":null,"abstract":"Excavation at Gröf, an early modern inland farm in Iceland’s southern Skaftártunga region, reveals a faunal assemblage dominated by fragmented and burned whale bone. To date, no other inland assemblages exhibiting these characteristics have been reported in Iceland. The presence of whale bone at an inland farm site in Iceland is itself peculiar, but the fact that in it is heavily fragmented and burned is even more unusual. It is hypothesized that whale bone was being used as a source of fuel and that this may indicate this farm had increased access to coastal resources. The presence of these burnt whale bones is examined in the context of the environmental, climatic and political/economic conditions of early modern Iceland.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"63 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.63","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43180217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. O'Rourke, Nadine Kochuten, Chantae Kochuten, Katherine Reedy
Many Indigenous peoples in Alaska have high suicide rates. The Unangan/s, however, have a rate reported to be below those of other Alaska Natives. Using data derived from literature review, autoethnography, and correspondence with Unangan/s and clinicians who serve them, we explore the validity of Unangax suicide statistics and the relationship between this people’s unique multifaceted—yet integrated—identity and mental health. We propose their low suicide rate stems from having a clear perception of their integrated cultural identity and the ability to fulfill their culture’s standards of personhood through engagement in culturally congruent activities (specifically, commercial fishing and Russian Orthodoxy) and cultural revitalization. To aid in suicide prevention, we advocate for culturally relevant mental health services, programs that facilitate cultural-identity clarity, and culturally congruent economic development. Future research should ascertain local conceptions of personhood and suicide and empirically examine interactions of cultural-identity clarity, culturally congruent activities, and psychological well-being.
{"title":"Cultural Identity, Mental Health, and Suicide Prevention: What Can We Learn from Unangax Culture?","authors":"S. O'Rourke, Nadine Kochuten, Chantae Kochuten, Katherine Reedy","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.119","url":null,"abstract":"Many Indigenous peoples in Alaska have high suicide rates. The Unangan/s, however, have a rate reported to be below those of other Alaska Natives. Using data derived from literature review, autoethnography, and correspondence with Unangan/s and clinicians who serve them, we explore the validity of Unangax suicide statistics and the relationship between this people’s unique multifaceted—yet integrated—identity and mental health. We propose their low suicide rate stems from having a clear perception of their integrated cultural identity and the ability to fulfill their culture’s standards of personhood through engagement in culturally congruent activities (specifically, commercial fishing and Russian Orthodoxy) and cultural revitalization. To aid in suicide prevention, we advocate for culturally relevant mental health services, programs that facilitate cultural-identity clarity, and culturally congruent economic development. Future research should ascertain local conceptions of personhood and suicide and empirically examine interactions of cultural-identity clarity, culturally congruent activities, and psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"119 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45067687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tremayne, C. Darwent, John Darwent, K. Eldridge, J. Rasic
The multicomponent middle-to-late Holocene coastal site of Iyatayet, at Cape Denbigh, Alaska, originally excavated by J. L. Giddings in the early 1950s, was key to developing a culture-historical sequence for northwest Alaska. We revisited the site in 2012 and 2013 to collect data to refine the occupation chronology and to test models of maritime-resource intensification. Our results show the Denbigh Flint complex occupations at Iyatayet are younger and briefer than previously believed. Gaps of 1,000 years separate the Denbigh, Norton, and Thule occupations, suggesting reduced use of eastern Norton Sound during these periods. Artifacts and faunal remains from each component indicate reduced mobility and increased focus on marine resources following the Denbigh period, but Norton occupants hunted the same suite of marine prey as the later Thule, demonstrating they were was equally proficient at foraging from the sea.
位于阿拉斯加登高角的全新世中晚期Iyatayet海岸遗址最初是由J. L. Giddings在20世纪50年代初发掘的，它是发展阿拉斯加西北部文化-历史序列的关键。我们在2012年和2013年重新访问了该站点，以收集数据来完善占用年表，并测试海洋资源集约化模型。我们的研究结果表明，在Iyatayet的denhighflint复杂职业比以前认为的更年轻，更短暂。登高、诺顿和图勒占据地间隔了1000年，这表明在这段时间里，诺顿湾东部的使用减少了。每个组成部分的人工制品和动物遗骸表明，在登贝时期之后，诺顿居民的流动性降低，对海洋资源的关注增加，但诺顿居民与后来的图勒人一样，捕猎同样的海洋猎物，这表明他们同样精通从海洋中觅食。
{"title":"Iyatayet Revisited: A Report on Renewed Investigations of a Stratified Middle-to-Late Holocene Coastal Campsite in Norton Sound, Alaska","authors":"A. Tremayne, C. Darwent, John Darwent, K. Eldridge, J. Rasic","doi":"10.3368/AA.55.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/AA.55.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The multicomponent middle-to-late Holocene coastal site of Iyatayet, at Cape Denbigh, Alaska, originally excavated by J. L. Giddings in the early 1950s, was key to developing a culture-historical sequence for northwest Alaska. We revisited the site in 2012 and 2013 to collect data to refine the occupation chronology and to test models of maritime-resource intensification. Our results show the Denbigh Flint complex occupations at Iyatayet are younger and briefer than previously believed. Gaps of 1,000 years separate the Denbigh, Norton, and Thule occupations, suggesting reduced use of eastern Norton Sound during these periods. Artifacts and faunal remains from each component indicate reduced mobility and increased focus on marine resources following the Denbigh period, but Norton occupants hunted the same suite of marine prey as the later Thule, demonstrating they were was equally proficient at foraging from the sea.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/AA.55.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44400678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we explore the 2016 Arctic Winter Games (AWG) as a site for arctic, Indigenous, and national identity building, drawing on fieldwork from the planning and execution of AWG 2016 and surveys conducted with participant and stakeholder groups. We show that although the AWG 2016 event is seemingly a contranational sports competition in the Olympic modality, and thus a vehicle for traditional national identity manifestations, it also caters to other collective identity constructions. In our analysis, we present and discuss four collective identity manifestations at the AWG 2016: “panarctic,” “contranational/regional,” Indigenous, and “autocommunicating” national identity. Our study suggests that the AWG event not only reproduces existing national identities or the singular panarctic identity that organizers actively promote, but works as a catalyst for the manifestation of other identity positions also. In practice, competition at this sporting event extends to identity discourses competing for hegemony, but the games also create spaces for identity negotiation and willful identity entanglement.
{"title":"“We are the Arctic”: Identities at the Arctic Winter Games 2016","authors":"R. C. Thomsen, C. Ren, R. Mahadevan","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.105","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we explore the 2016 Arctic Winter Games (AWG) as a site for arctic, Indigenous, and national identity building, drawing on fieldwork from the planning and execution of AWG 2016 and surveys conducted with participant and stakeholder groups. We show that although the AWG 2016 event is seemingly a contranational sports competition in the Olympic modality, and thus a vehicle for traditional national identity manifestations, it also caters to other collective identity constructions. In our analysis, we present and discuss four collective identity manifestations at the AWG 2016: “panarctic,” “contranational/regional,” Indigenous, and “autocommunicating” national identity. Our study suggests that the AWG event not only reproduces existing national identities or the singular panarctic identity that organizers actively promote, but works as a catalyst for the manifestation of other identity positions also. In practice, competition at this sporting event extends to identity discourses competing for hegemony, but the games also create spaces for identity negotiation and willful identity entanglement.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"105 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45052511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Gwich’in narrative of “The Boy in the Moon” tells the story of how the face of the Moon came to be seen as it is today in the skies over the Gwich’in homeland in the Canadian Arctic and Alaska. This article uses the methodology of “comparative ethnoastronomy” to explore the story of “The Boy in the Moon” and its place in Gwich’in culture to inform on a Babylonian tradition of a Lion Man in the Moon. The study makes use of a wide variety of documentary evidence ranging in time from millenniaold cuneiform tablets from Babylonia to modern works on the anthropology of the Gwich’in and interviews with tribal elders, and it concludes with some thoughts on the shared human experience of looking at the sky.
{"title":"The Gwich’in Boy in the Moon and Babylonian Astronomy","authors":"W. Horowitz, Alestine André, Ingrid Kritsch","doi":"10.3368/AA.55.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/AA.55.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"The Gwich’in narrative of “The Boy in the Moon” tells the story of how the face of the Moon came to be seen as it is today in the skies over the Gwich’in homeland in the Canadian Arctic and Alaska. This article uses the methodology of “comparative ethnoastronomy” to explore the story of “The Boy in the Moon” and its place in Gwich’in culture to inform on a Babylonian tradition of a Lion Man in the Moon. The study makes use of a wide variety of documentary evidence ranging in time from millenniaold cuneiform tablets from Babylonia to modern works on the anthropology of the Gwich’in and interviews with tribal elders, and it concludes with some thoughts on the shared human experience of looking at the sky.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"104 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/AA.55.1.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46847624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following paper sheds new light on the Second World War oral history of the Nenets—indigenous people living in the northwestern part of the Russian Arctic. The participation of Nenets reindeer herders is commemorated and celebrated as part of the antifascist heroism of the Soviet people in the public historical discourse. Parts of the personal life stories Nenets elders shared in this research show striking differences to the public narratives of war. The paper analyzes the research setting as part of an oral history conducted with anthropological methods in order to learn about the Nenets historical experience as well as the Nenets ways of telling stories. The oralhistory interview is perceived as a performance and an emergent dialogic relationship involving the social relations of the narrator, the research setting, as well as the relation of the storyteller with different audiences.
{"title":"Reindeer Returning from Combat: War Stories among the Nenets of European Russia","authors":"Stephan Dudeck","doi":"10.3368/aa.55.1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.55.1.73","url":null,"abstract":"The following paper sheds new light on the Second World War oral history of the Nenets—indigenous people living in the northwestern part of the Russian Arctic. The participation of Nenets reindeer herders is commemorated and celebrated as part of the antifascist heroism of the Soviet people in the public historical discourse. Parts of the personal life stories Nenets elders shared in this research show striking differences to the public narratives of war. The paper analyzes the research setting as part of an oral history conducted with anthropological methods in order to learn about the Nenets historical experience as well as the Nenets ways of telling stories. The oralhistory interview is perceived as a performance and an emergent dialogic relationship involving the social relations of the narrator, the research setting, as well as the relation of the storyteller with different audiences.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"55 1","pages":"73 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.55.1.73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49178677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Amakomanak site (AMR-00095), dated around 7500 BC, is located in the Noatak National Preserve in northwestern Alaska and presents an important microblade component (microblade cores, core tablets, and microblades) made of local chert. During the late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, microblade technology is widespread in central Alaska, dominated by Campus-style microblade cores (wedge-shaped microblade cores). The Amakomanak assemblage is primarily composed of larger prismatic microblade cores, similar to assemblages from other northwestern Alaskan sites compared here. This paper argues that raw material available in each area may have played a major role in the different microblade core variants described. Indeed, raw material availability in the northwestern region could be one of the major reasons behind the production of larger prismatic cores, as opposed to central Alaska Campus-style cores usually made on smaller river cobbles. The paper also presents the results of a morphometric analysis of microblade cores and microblades from the Amakomanak site, comparing the data to both experimentally derived data sets on microblade-flaking modes, as well as other microblade assemblages in Alaska and Siberia.
{"title":"Amakomanak: An Early Holocene Microblade Site in Northwestern Alaska","authors":"Y. Coutouly","doi":"10.3368/aa.54.2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.54.2.111","url":null,"abstract":"The Amakomanak site (AMR-00095), dated around 7500 BC, is located in the Noatak National Preserve in northwestern Alaska and presents an important microblade component (microblade cores, core tablets, and microblades) made of local chert. During the late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, microblade technology is widespread in central Alaska, dominated by Campus-style microblade cores (wedge-shaped microblade cores). The Amakomanak assemblage is primarily composed of larger prismatic microblade cores, similar to assemblages from other northwestern Alaskan sites compared here. This paper argues that raw material available in each area may have played a major role in the different microblade core variants described. Indeed, raw material availability in the northwestern region could be one of the major reasons behind the production of larger prismatic cores, as opposed to central Alaska Campus-style cores usually made on smaller river cobbles. The paper also presents the results of a morphometric analysis of microblade cores and microblades from the Amakomanak site, comparing the data to both experimentally derived data sets on microblade-flaking modes, as well as other microblade assemblages in Alaska and Siberia.","PeriodicalId":45997,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Anthropology","volume":"54 1","pages":"111 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3368/aa.54.2.111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47121879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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