Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2184195
T. Quevillon
In 2010, the publication of Samuel Moyn’s The Last Utopia1 took a wrecking ball to the well-established narrative of the global history of human rights – a story of constant progress from the US Declaration of Independence (1776) and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789) to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). Moyn’s revisionist account centred on the thesis that human rights only emerged as the dominant aspirational framework in the 1970s. They broke through, he argued, only after other utopias failed, like that of self-determination embraced by the anti-colonial actors of previous decades. Edited by historians A. Dirk Moses, Marco Duranti and Roland Burke, Decolonization, Self-Determination, and the Rise of Global LIBRARIAN’S PICK
2010年，塞缪尔·莫恩(Samuel Moyn)的《最后的乌托邦》(the Last utopia)一书的出版打破了全球人权史的既定叙述——从美国《独立宣言》(1776年)到法国《人权宣言》(1789年)，再到《世界人权宣言》(1948年)，人权史一直在不断进步。莫恩的修正主义解释集中在人权在20世纪70年代才成为主导的理想框架这一论点上。他认为，只有在其他乌托邦失败之后，它们才会取得突破，比如前几十年反殖民行动者所信奉的自决乌托邦。由历史学家A. Dirk Moses, Marco Duranti和Roland Burke编辑，非殖民化，自决和全球图书馆员选择的兴起
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Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2190427
Eva Schalbroeck
Libya was involved in the attack. But why had Gadaffi --who praised the ‘heroic operation’ at Fiumicino, assisted militants in attacking his Italian friends? Could it have had something to do with the sharply escalating tensions between Libya and Italy’s US ally? Regardless of the answer, even before the US bombing of Tripoli in April 1986, the Italian-Libyan lodo was in tatters. As the author shows, some Italian officials were eager to try to minimise the damage, but it is misleading to suggest that nothing had really changed since 1974 (p. 120). On 14 April 1986, Rome agreed to a European Community embargo on arms sales to Libya. Later the same month, it expelled 10 Libyan diplomats and officials, including the local representative of the Libyan Arab Foreign Investment Company (LAFICO). A LAFICO employee was arrested as part of an investigation into Libyan financing of terrorism. It had been through LAFICO that Libya had purchased a 10% stake in the Fiat automobile company in 1976. If anybody could tell how the wind had shifted by early 1986, it was the Agnelli family, owners of a controlling share of Fiat. With Italian government encouragement, they bought back the shares held by LAFICO, a transaction completed in September 1986. To conclude, Lomellini has done impressive spade work in Italian, French, British, US, and German sources. Students of Cold War history will find the story rather peripheral to the main axes of East-West conflict. But she makes an important contribution to our understanding of Italian foreign relations, in particular the ways in which Italy attempted to cope with the external shocks of the 1970s and 1980s, and to pursue a semi-independent approach to its southern neighbour.
{"title":"Protestant missionaries and humanitarianism in the DRC: the politics of aid in Cold War Africa","authors":"Eva Schalbroeck","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2190427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2190427","url":null,"abstract":"Libya was involved in the attack. But why had Gadaffi --who praised the ‘heroic operation’ at Fiumicino, assisted militants in attacking his Italian friends? Could it have had something to do with the sharply escalating tensions between Libya and Italy’s US ally? Regardless of the answer, even before the US bombing of Tripoli in April 1986, the Italian-Libyan lodo was in tatters. As the author shows, some Italian officials were eager to try to minimise the damage, but it is misleading to suggest that nothing had really changed since 1974 (p. 120). On 14 April 1986, Rome agreed to a European Community embargo on arms sales to Libya. Later the same month, it expelled 10 Libyan diplomats and officials, including the local representative of the Libyan Arab Foreign Investment Company (LAFICO). A LAFICO employee was arrested as part of an investigation into Libyan financing of terrorism. It had been through LAFICO that Libya had purchased a 10% stake in the Fiat automobile company in 1976. If anybody could tell how the wind had shifted by early 1986, it was the Agnelli family, owners of a controlling share of Fiat. With Italian government encouragement, they bought back the shares held by LAFICO, a transaction completed in September 1986. To conclude, Lomellini has done impressive spade work in Italian, French, British, US, and German sources. Students of Cold War history will find the story rather peripheral to the main axes of East-West conflict. But she makes an important contribution to our understanding of Italian foreign relations, in particular the ways in which Italy attempted to cope with the external shocks of the 1970s and 1980s, and to pursue a semi-independent approach to its southern neighbour.","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":"23 1","pages":"333 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46529040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2184663
Martha Liliana Espinosa
{"title":"Building the population bomb","authors":"Martha Liliana Espinosa","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2184663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2184663","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43302277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2167981
M. Becker
ABSTRACT ‘Creole’, or domestically birthed, anticommunisms came in many different flavours and are in need of deeper investigation to understand how they responded to local conditions. This study examines one case from Ecuador where political leaders eagerly manipulated an anticommunist agenda to advance their own partisan prospects in ways that were distinct from the United States government’s global geopolitical concerns. Conservatives had their own motivations, which sometimes paralleled with and at other times came into conflict with those of larger political powers. These ‘creole anticommunisms’ could be more aggressive than those of United States officials, even as they served other purposes. [q]TQ3[/q]
{"title":"The CIA and creole anticommunism in Cold War Ecuador","authors":"M. Becker","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2167981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2167981","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT ‘Creole’, or domestically birthed, anticommunisms came in many different flavours and are in need of deeper investigation to understand how they responded to local conditions. This study examines one case from Ecuador where political leaders eagerly manipulated an anticommunist agenda to advance their own partisan prospects in ways that were distinct from the United States government’s global geopolitical concerns. Conservatives had their own motivations, which sometimes paralleled with and at other times came into conflict with those of larger political powers. These ‘creole anticommunisms’ could be more aggressive than those of United States officials, even as they served other purposes. [q]TQ3[/q]","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":"23 1","pages":"363 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46287997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2178262
Bérénice Guyot-Réchard
{"title":"Ploughshares and swords: India’s nuclear program in the global Cold War","authors":"Bérénice Guyot-Réchard","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2178262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2178262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48295593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2167980
Isabella Cosse
ABSTRACT This article argues that in the late 1970s the human rights movement recognised children as subjects in their own right, giving them their own voice. The author questions the claims that until recently the dominant view of victims and their suffering was adult-centric and that human rights and humanitarianism were two unrelated paradigms. In studying this process, the author offers a historiographical contribution that centres on the value of children as a way of gaining new insights into the Cold War and history in general.
{"title":"Human Rights and the Status of Children as Victims in the Late Cold War","authors":"Isabella Cosse","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2167980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2167980","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article argues that in the late 1970s the human rights movement recognised children as subjects in their own right, giving them their own voice. The author questions the claims that until recently the dominant view of victims and their suffering was adult-centric and that human rights and humanitarianism were two unrelated paradigms. In studying this process, the author offers a historiographical contribution that centres on the value of children as a way of gaining new insights into the Cold War and history in general.","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":"23 1","pages":"339 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48262423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2171358
B. Fischer
{"title":"NATO and the Strategic Defense Initiative: a transatlantic history of the Star Wars programme","authors":"B. Fischer","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2171358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2171358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44962623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2023.2171351
Sara Lorenzini
{"title":"Ripe for revolution: building socialism in the Third World","authors":"Sara Lorenzini","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2023.2171351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2023.2171351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41960500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2022.2157819
Giulia Garbagni
ABSTRACT This article examines a lesser-known episode of the Cold War in Asia, namely Japan’s mediation in the Konfrontasi crisis between Indonesia and Malaysia, focusing on Prime Minister Satō’s appointment of a special envoy, Kawashima Shōjirō, in spring 1965. Drawing on multi-archival research in Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States, it shows how Japan’s envoy diplomacy initiative was shaped by unilateralism, partisanship and a brazen diplomatic style that defied ‘low-profile’ expectations and revealed regional leadership aspirations. Kawashima’s (eventually unsuccessful) endeavour played out as a remarkably ‘interventionist’ initiative, mirroring domestic tensions over the definition of Japan’s post-war role in Asia.
{"title":"‘Better to be a chicken’s head than an ox’s tail’: Japanese envoy diplomacy in the mediation of Konfrontasi (1965)","authors":"Giulia Garbagni","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2022.2157819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2022.2157819","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines a lesser-known episode of the Cold War in Asia, namely Japan’s mediation in the Konfrontasi crisis between Indonesia and Malaysia, focusing on Prime Minister Satō’s appointment of a special envoy, Kawashima Shōjirō, in spring 1965. Drawing on multi-archival research in Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States, it shows how Japan’s envoy diplomacy initiative was shaped by unilateralism, partisanship and a brazen diplomatic style that defied ‘low-profile’ expectations and revealed regional leadership aspirations. Kawashima’s (eventually unsuccessful) endeavour played out as a remarkably ‘interventionist’ initiative, mirroring domestic tensions over the definition of Japan’s post-war role in Asia.","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":"23 1","pages":"389 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46874156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1080/14682745.2022.2158713
Brian S. Mueller
{"title":"Freedom on the offensive: human rights, democracy promotion, and US interventionism in the late Cold War","authors":"Brian S. Mueller","doi":"10.1080/14682745.2022.2158713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2022.2158713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46099,"journal":{"name":"Cold War History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44875935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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