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Compartido, sí, pero todavía desigual. Pocos avances en el reparto de las tareas domésticas en Navarra 是的,共享,但仍然不平等。纳瓦拉在家务分配方面进展甚微
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3164
Begoña Elizalde, Vidal Díaz de Rada Igúzquiza
Este artículo contribuye a la investigación sobre la desigual implicación que hombres y mujeres tienen en el trabajo doméstico aportando nuevas evidencias empíricas a partir del caso de Navarra. El objeto de estudio es el reparto de tareas existente entre las personas mayores de 18 años que conviven en parejas heterosexuales. En concreto, se estudia la distribución de las principales tareas del hogar, el grado de satisfacción que produce dicho reparto entre hombres y mujeres y los perfiles poblacionales en torno a este grado de satisfacción. El análisis empírico se ha realizado a partir del barómetro del Parlamento de Navarra, y los resultados muestran que en esta región la distribución de las tareas domésticas presenta rasgos ligeramente más igualitarios que en el conjunto del Estado. A pesar de esta ligera diferencia, hombres y mujeres perciben de forma muy distinta su grado de participación, y el perfil poblacional que presenta más insatisfacción con la actual distribución de este trabajo es el de una mujer que vive en un hogar de cuatro personas. Los resultados avalan la urgencia de contar con datos actualizados en el ámbito estatal para visibilizar los avances —o la falta de ellos— que se han producido en la última década.
在这一背景下,本文提出了一种新的方法,通过这种方法,男性和女性在家庭工作中的不平等参与得到了研究。这项研究的对象是18岁以上的异性伴侣之间的任务分配。本研究的目的是分析家庭中主要任务的分布,这种分布在男性和女性之间产生的满意度,以及围绕这种满意度水平的人口概况。本文利用纳瓦拉议会晴雨表进行了实证分析,结果表明,该地区的家务分配比整个国家略平等。尽管有这种轻微的差异,但男性和女性对他们的参与程度的看法有很大的不同,对目前的工作分配最不满的人口概况是生活在四口之家的女性。这项研究的结果表明,迫切需要在州一级获得最新数据,以便看到过去十年中发生的进展——或缺乏进展。
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引用次数: 0
Perfiles de satisfacción con el tiempo libre en Chile 智利自由时间满意度概况
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3178
Mauro Basaure, Camilo Vera, Andrés Díaz, Roberto Cantillán
Utilizando métodos innovadores, exploramos patrones de satisfacción con el tiempo libre en adultos chilenos. Mediante un análisis de clases latentes, identificamos cuatro patrones de satisfacción diferentes. Por medio de regresión logística multinomial, examinamos los factores sociodemográficos que determinan la probabilidad de pertenecer a uno u otro de estos patrones. Los resultados muestran que la edad es el principal factor que define esta probabilidad, siendo los mayores de 56 años los más propensos a pertenecer a la clase de mayor satisfacción. Esta conclusión es coherente con los datos empíricos sobre la disponibilidad objetiva de tiempo libre. En cuanto a los ingresos, los individuos del quintil 4 tienen menos probabilidades de pertenecer al grupo de mayor satisfacción. No observamos diferencias al comparar hombres y mujeres. Sin embargo, sí se observan al evaluar la intersección entre el sexo y las condiciones de vivir en pareja y tener hijos de 0 a 4 años. Nuestros hallazgos cuestionan los patrones de paternidad en parejas heterosexuales en Chile y sugieren que las mujeres en tales condiciones tienen menos probabilidades de pertenecer a la clase de mayor satisfacción.
本研究旨在探讨智利成年人对休闲时间的满意度模式。通过对潜在类别的分析,我们确定了四种不同的满意度模式。本研究的目的是评估一种或另一种模式的社会人口学特征。结果表明,年龄是决定这种可能性的主要因素,56岁以上的人最有可能属于最高满意度阶层。这一结论与客观空闲时间可用性的经验数据是一致的。在收入方面,五分之一的人不太可能属于满意度最高的群体。我们观察到男性和女性之间没有差异。然而,在评估性别与夫妻生活条件和0 - 4岁孩子的交集时,它们确实存在。我们的研究结果对智利异性伴侣的亲子关系模式提出了质疑,并表明处于这种情况下的女性不太可能属于满意度最高的阶层。
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引用次数: 0
Opinions of jurists on prostitution in Spain: Regulate or ban prostitution? 西班牙法学家对卖淫的看法:管制还是禁止?
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3146
Carmen Meneses-Falcón, Antonio Rúa-Vieites
This study gathers the opinions of judges and public prosecutors on the distinction between prostitution and trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, the most suitable legal treatment of prostitution, and the possibility of penalising clients of prostitution for the purpose of improving the prosecution of the crime of trafficking. A survey of 71 Spanish judges and 19 interviews with judges and prosecutors were carried out. Fifty-three percent of judges agreed with regulating prostitution, and the majority believe that clients of prostitution could collaborate in the detection of trafficking victims. Four opinion groups were identified: the Doubters (41%); those Ambiguous about their positions (15.5%); the Pragmatic (21%), who consider that prostitution should be regulated but do not see it as a normal job; and the pro-Sex Work (22.5%), who agree with regulating prostitution and view it as a job like any other. Judges need clarity on legislation and policy on prostitution in order to be able to prosecute pimping offences. An appropriate regulation of prostitution is necessary to end its extralegality and the lack of regulation creates a vacuum that is left to the interpretation of the judicial system.
这项研究收集了法官和检察官关于卖淫和以性剥削为目的的贩运的区别、对卖淫最适当的法律处理以及为了改进对贩运罪的起诉而惩罚卖淫嫖客的可能性的意见。对71名西班牙法官进行了调查,并对19名法官和检察官进行了采访。53%的法官同意对卖淫进行监管,大多数法官认为卖淫嫖客可以合作侦查人口贩运受害者。确定了四个意见群体:怀疑者(41%);立场不明确(15.5%);务实派(21%),他们认为卖淫应该受到监管,但不认为它是一种正常的工作;支持性工作的(22.5%),他们同意对卖淫进行监管,并将其视为一种与其他工作一样的工作。法官需要明确有关卖淫的立法和政策,以便能够起诉拉皮条的罪行。必须对卖淫进行适当的管制,以结束其法外性,而缺乏管制造成了一个真空,留给司法制度的解释。
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引用次数: 0
¿El fin de lo social? 社会的终结?
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3153
J. Larrión
En este artículo presento los principales excesos, insuficiencias y ambigüedades de la teoría del actor-red (actor-network theory). Para ello, reviso los textos esenciales de su miembro más influyente, Bruno Latour, y los de otros de sus miembros destacados, como Michael Callon y John Law. Discuto su división binaria interesada entre una errada y convencional sociología de lo social y una plausible e innovadora sociología de las asociaciones. Y rechazo que debamos sumarnos a esa retórica de una refundación sociológica a partir de los severos pero inmerecidos reproches latourianos contra las sociologías crítica, durkheimiana y socioconstructivista. Expongo y defiendo, en suma, los motivos específicos y entrelazados por los que esta teoría es muy original y polémica, pero también muy poco útil y relevante para la sociología, otras ciencias sociales, los grupos humanos marginados y el conjunto de la ciudadanía.
本文提出了行为者网络理论的主要缺点、不足和模糊之处。为了做到这一点,我回顾了该组织最有影响力的成员布鲁诺·拉图(Bruno Latour)以及其他杰出成员,如迈克尔·卡伦(Michael Callon)和约翰·劳(John Law)的重要文本。我将讨论他在错误的、传统的社会社会学和可信的、创新的联想社会学之间的二元划分。我拒绝接受这样一种观点,即我们应该加入这种基于拉托里对批判、迪尔凯姆和社会建构主义社会学的严厉但不应有的谴责的社会学重建的修辞。简而言之,我提出并捍卫这一理论的具体和相互关联的原因,为什么这一理论非常新颖和有争议,但对社会学、其他社会科学、边缘化的人类群体和所有公民都非常无用和相关。
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引用次数: 0
Gender mainstreaming in times of crisis: Missed opportunities in pandemic policymaking 危机时期将性别问题纳入主流:大流行病决策中错失的机会
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3174
Anne-Charlott Callerstig, Sofia Strid
 This article problematises gender-mainstreaming in Swedish policy responses to COVID-19 in relation to economic politics. The aim is to understand how gender mainstreaming was implemented, and with what effects. Little is still known about gender mainstreaming in crisis management and policymaking, and even less is known in relation to pandemic policy responses. To contribute to this field of knowledge, the article therefore analyses the Swedish National Recovery and Resilience Plan, supplemented by interviews with public servants, to understand the factors that impact the implementation of gender mainstreaming in policymaking in times of societal crises. At a theoretical level, the article draws on feminist institutionalism and implementation studies, the notion of resilience, and insights from critical frame analysis. The data is based on a larger dataset collected as part of the EU-funded RESISTIRÉ: Responding to Outbreaks through Co-creative Inclusive Equality Strategies project. The results indicate that gender mainstreaming is limited in its rationale and scope in times of crisis and that the integration of a gender equality perspective in crisis management needs to be developed in several important ways.
本文从经济政治角度对瑞典应对COVID-19政策中的性别主流化问题提出质疑。其目的是了解性别主流化是如何实施的,以及产生了什么影响。在危机管理和决策中将性别问题纳入主流方面,我们所知甚少,在大流行病政策应对方面,我们所知更少。为了对这一知识领域有所贡献,本文分析了瑞典国家恢复和恢复计划,并辅以对公务员的采访,以了解在社会危机时期影响政策制定中性别主流化实施的因素。在理论层面,本文借鉴了女性主义制度主义和实施研究、弹性概念以及批判框架分析的见解。这些数据基于一个更大的数据集,该数据集是欧盟资助的RESISTIRÉ:通过共同创造包容性平等战略应对疫情项目的一部分。结果表明,在危机时期,性别主流化的理论基础和范围有限,需要在几个重要方面发展将性别平等观点纳入危机管理。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the pandemic 应对大流行
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3243
María López Belloso, Sofia Strid
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a multifaceted crisis, impacting health, the economy, policy and society at large, and also resulting in a humanitarian crisis. These crises have impacted everyone, although the effects have been unevenly distributed, leading to further disadvantage and marginalisation for those who were already vulnerable and marginalised. The pandemic laid bare and intensified pre-existing gender inequalities in many aspects of life, from the labor market and educational opportunities to health and social protection systems. The unequal impacts on women and men have been observed in the economy and employment, in domestic work and care, in physical and mental health, and in violence.The collection of articles in this special issue critically interrogates these key issues relating to the impact of the pandemic on gender equality in Europe, highlighting exacerbated gender inequalities, policy responses and the potential for a gender-responsive recovery. This special issue brings together a collection of eight articles that investigate various aspects of gender inequality exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and that explore potential pathways towards achieving greater gender equality in the post-pandemic world. They summarise the findings and contributions of several social scientists and also of two EU funded projects: RESISTIRÉ (GA 101015990) and GEARING Roles (GA 824536). The articles are structured around five main themes: labor market disparities, education and skill development, social and political responses, post-pandemic opportunities, and care. Each article contributes unique insights, empirical findings and policy recommendations from a feminist perspective to enrich the ongoing discourse on gender equality. Together, the articles show the necessity of feminist analysis of crisis, and reveal the structural roots of inequalities while simultaneously emphasising the necessity for transformative action to address inequalities.
2019冠状病毒病大流行是一场多方面的危机,影响到卫生、经济、政策和整个社会,并导致人道主义危机。这些危机影响了每个人,尽管其影响分布不均,导致那些已经脆弱和边缘化的人进一步处于不利地位和边缘化。从劳动力市场和教育机会到卫生和社会保护制度,这场大流行病暴露并加剧了生活许多方面先前存在的性别不平等。在经济和就业、家务劳动和照料、身心健康以及暴力方面,都观察到对妇女和男子的不平等影响。本期特刊的文章集批判性地探讨了与该流行病对欧洲两性平等的影响有关的这些关键问题,强调了加剧的两性不平等、政策对策和促进性别平等的复苏的潜力。本期特刊汇集了八篇文章,调查了因COVID-19大流行而加剧的性别不平等的各个方面,并探讨了在大流行后的世界实现更大程度性别平等的潜在途径。他们总结了一些社会科学家的发现和贡献,以及两个欧盟资助的项目:RESISTIRÉ (GA 101015990)和GEARING Roles (GA 824536)。这些文章围绕五个主题展开:劳动力市场差异、教育和技能发展、社会和政治反应、大流行后的机会以及护理。每篇文章都从女权主义的角度提供了独特的见解、实证结果和政策建议,以丰富正在进行的关于性别平等的论述。总之,这些文章显示了对危机进行女权主义分析的必要性,揭示了不平等的结构性根源,同时强调了解决不平等问题的变革行动的必要性。
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引用次数: 2
El impacto de las relaciones intergubernamentales en la gestión de la COVID sobre el liderazgo de las mujeres COVID - 19管理中的政府间关系对妇女领导力的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3179
Ainhoa Novo-Arbona
La mayoría de las investigaciones sobre gobernanza multinivel desde una perspectiva de género han tenido como variable dependiente las políticas de igualdad (Haussman et al., 2010). Por el contrario, son menos frecuentes las investigaciones que analizan la presencia de las mujeres como protagonistas de la gobernanza multinivel, sus formas de actuación o el efecto de sus acciones en el resultado final (Gushchina y Kaiser, 2021). Esta investigación aborda esta perspectiva en una situación de pandemia, donde la urgencia y la interdependencia estimulan la regla de participación ejecutiva.La limitada presencia de mujeres en la gestión intergubernamental de la pandemia está estrechamente relacionada con su escasa presencia en los gobiernos. El poder ejecutivo y, en especial, la jefatura de gobierno siguen siendo un terreno cerrado para las mujeres. Actualmente, casi la mitad de los países de la Unión Europea no han tenido en su historia a ninguna mujer como primera ministra (Novo-Arbona, 2020). Sin embargo, los sistemas federales y descentralizados han representado una vía de acceso de las mujeres a las jefaturas de los poderes ejecutivos, y su presencia ha sido más común en las jefaturas de las unidades constituyentes. El porcentaje de mujeres ministras también ha aumentado considerablemente, y ellas han ocupado carteras más prestigiosas, como las de Asuntos Exteriores, Defensa o Economía, aunque tradicionalmente —y todavía hoy— es más habitual su presencia en las relacionadas con los cuidados, como los servicios sociales o el ámbito sanitario (Kroeber y Hüffelmann, 2021). Este artículo identifica los órganos de decisión multinivel más relevantes desde la declaración de la pandemia, la presencia de mujeres en ellos y su rol dentro de las organizaciones.
大多数从性别角度对多层次治理的研究都将平等政策作为因变量(Haussman et al., 2010)。相比之下,分析女性作为多层次治理主角的存在、她们的行动形式或她们的行动对最终结果的影响的研究较少(Gushchina和Kaiser, 2021年)。本研究在大流行情况下探讨这一观点,在这种情况下,紧迫性和相互依赖性刺激了执行参与规则。妇女参与政府间管理这一流行病的人数有限,这与她们在政府中的人数不足密切相关。行政部门,特别是政府首脑,仍然是妇女的封闭领域。目前,几乎一半的欧盟国家在其历史上没有女性总理(Novo-Arbona, 2020)。然而,联邦和权力下放的制度为妇女进入行政部门的领导职位提供了一条途径,她们在组成单位的领导职位上的存在更为普遍。女比例大幅增加,而且他们已经忙钱包知名,如外交、国防或经济,虽然传统—和我们今天仍然—是最常见的护理、社会服务或卫生(Kroeber Hüffelmann, 2021)。本文确定了自宣布大流行以来最相关的多层次决策机构、妇女在其中的存在以及她们在组织中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Essential and forgotten. Domestic work and the impact of policy responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain and Italy 必不可少却又被遗忘。西班牙和意大利在COVID-19大流行期间的国内工作和政策应对的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3169
Laia Tarragona, Elena Ghidoni
Results from the European project RESISTIRÉ show that the pandemic outbreak and policies adopted to contain the virus have reinforced pre-existing gender inequalities, resulting in a “spiral of increasing inequalities” (Axelsson et al., 2021: 110). The care domain is a key part of this spiral and has been at the centre of debates and of some of the COVID-19 policy responses. However, for the most part, policy interventions in the care domain have focused primarily on work-life balance, neglecting the impact of health-related policy restrictions on domestic workers – a highly feminised and racialised sector. Yet these workers have been dramatically affected by the pandemic and related policies, not only in terms of exposure to infection, but also in terms of exacerbation of pre-existing and intersecting inequalities. Moreover, when policies did address the domestic sector, they often reproduced gender stereotyped understandings of the nature of care work, and reinforced racist assumptions on migration. This paper compares the policies on domestic workers enacted during the pandemic in Italy and Spain, which illustrate how public policy engages in gendering and racializing domestic workers. Drawing on Bacchi’s methodology, it seeks to unfold and problematise the representations and implicit assumptions related to care work, and the gender and racial hierarchies underpinning them.
欧洲RESISTIRÉ项目的结果表明,大流行病的爆发和为遏制病毒而采取的政策加剧了先前存在的性别不平等,导致"不平等现象不断加剧" (Axelsson等人,2021:110)。护理领域是这一螺旋上升的关键部分,一直是辩论和一些COVID-19政策应对措施的中心。然而,在大多数情况下,护理领域的政策干预主要侧重于工作与生活的平衡,而忽视了与健康有关的政策限制对家庭佣工的影响,这是一个高度女性化和种族化的部门。然而,这些工人受到大流行病和相关政策的巨大影响,不仅表现在易受感染方面,而且表现在原有的相互交织的不平等加剧方面。此外,当政策确实涉及家庭部门时,它们往往再现了对护理工作性质的性别定型理解,并加强了关于移徙的种族主义假设。本文比较了意大利和西班牙在疫情期间制定的家政工人政策,说明了公共政策是如何使家政工人性别化和种族化的。借鉴Bacchi的方法论,它试图展开和问题化与护理工作相关的表征和隐含假设,以及支撑它们的性别和种族等级。
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引用次数: 0
Facing yet another crisis? Gender-based violence policies at the Spanish local level during COVID-19 又面临另一场危机?2019冠状病毒病期间西班牙地方一级的性别暴力政策
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3171
Natalia Paleo Mosquera, Alba Alonso Álvarez, Isabel Diz Otero
Analyses show that crises like the Covid-19 pandemic had gendered effects. This paper explores its impact on gender-based violence (GBV) policies in Spain. We carry out an empirical analysis addressing the case of Information Centres for Women, a local institution in the region of Galicia aimed at promoting equality and tackling GBV. We use a survey to gather information on three key dimensions of GBV policies (resources, actions and coordination) before, during, and after the pandemic. The study shows that there were no significant setbacks in terms of funding and personnel during lockdown. Yet, resources were not enlarged despite increasing levels of violence. Actions had to focus on priority issues and preventive measures were mostly paralyzed, while coordination with other institutions became more difficult. Data gathered for the post-pandemic period indicates that some of these changes remained in place. The article contributes to academic debates by delving into an understudied policy issue: the impact of the pandemic on equality policies at the local level. 
分析表明,像Covid-19大流行这样的危机具有性别影响。本文探讨其对西班牙性别暴力(GBV)政策的影响。我们对加利西亚地区旨在促进平等和解决性别暴力的地方机构妇女信息中心的案例进行了实证分析。我们利用一项调查收集在大流行之前、期间和之后性别暴力政策的三个关键方面(资源、行动和协调)的信息。研究表明,在封锁期间,资金和人员方面没有出现重大挫折。然而,尽管暴力程度不断增加,资源却没有增加。行动必须集中于优先问题,预防措施大多陷于瘫痪,与其他机构的协调也变得更加困难。大流行后时期收集的数据表明,其中一些变化仍然存在。这篇文章通过深入研究一个未得到充分研究的政策问题,即大流行病对地方一级平等政策的影响,为学术辩论做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Vulnerabilities in the face of the health crisis: the impact of COVID-19 on the educational experiences of girls and adolescents in situations of neglect 面对健康危机的脆弱性:2019冠状病毒病对被忽视女童和青少年教育经历的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.5565/rev/papers.3165
Edurne González Goya, Ainhoa Izaguirre Choperena, Félix Arrieta Frutos
This article is the result of a research process within the Resistiré project, which evaluates the responses to the COVID crisis in social policy processes in several European countries. This study has taken into account the experience of girls and adolescents in situations of neglect in the circumstances that have surrounded their educational processes and their academic reality in the COVID period.Situations of neglect in childhood are those that affect the normal personal, social and material development of minors, generating situations of high vulnerability that imply the need to activate alternative protection measures that guarantee the subjective right of every child and adolescent.Thought should be given to the special relevance that the health crisis has had on the reality of these girls and adolescents whose legal guardians —affected by particular life situations— have been able to suffer in an aggravated manner in the face of a reality that previously constituted a highly vulnerable situation.The article focuses on the reality of girls and adolescents in the Basque Country (Spain). For this purpose, and through the access to their narratives, the particularity of their vital conditions is identified, showing their high resilient capacity, as well as the difficulties, alternatives and capacities developed to face adversity.
本文是“抵抗”项目研究过程的结果,该项目评估了几个欧洲国家在社会政策过程中对COVID危机的反应。这项研究考虑了女童和青少年在新冠肺炎期间的教育过程和学术现实中被忽视的经历。儿童时期被忽视的情况是那些影响未成年人正常的个人、社会和物质发展的情况,造成高度脆弱的情况,这意味着需要采取其他保护措施,保障每个儿童和青少年的主观权利。应该考虑到健康危机对这些女孩和青少年的现实的特殊意义,她们的法定监护人受到特殊生活状况的影响,在面对以前构成高度脆弱状况的现实时,能够以更严重的方式遭受痛苦。这篇文章的重点是女孩和青少年在巴斯克地区(西班牙)的现实。为此目的,并通过访问他们的叙述,确定了他们生命条件的特殊性,显示了他们的高弹性能力,以及面对逆境的困难,选择和能力。
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引用次数: 0
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Papers-Revista de Sociologia
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