Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2214798
Deyanira S. Moya-Chaves
ABSTRACT This article examines the “linguistic dispossession” of the creole-speaking Afrodescendent communities in the Archipelago Colombian island territory of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina. Considered are the socio-spatial re-configurative processes of linguistic dispossession and how it has transformed the landscape, livelihoods, and daily communitive practices of Afrodescendent communities on the island territory. It analyzes the processes through which the Colombian State deliberately carried out linguistic and cultural dispossession via strategies known as “Colombianization” and describes the relationship between the loss of the local languages, the production of space, and processes of dispossession through education and religion.
{"title":"Linguistic Dispossession in Colombia: The Case of San Andres Island","authors":"Deyanira S. Moya-Chaves","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2214798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2214798","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the “linguistic dispossession” of the creole-speaking Afrodescendent communities in the Archipelago Colombian island territory of Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina. Considered are the socio-spatial re-configurative processes of linguistic dispossession and how it has transformed the landscape, livelihoods, and daily communitive practices of Afrodescendent communities on the island territory. It analyzes the processes through which the Colombian State deliberately carried out linguistic and cultural dispossession via strategies known as “Colombianization” and describes the relationship between the loss of the local languages, the production of space, and processes of dispossession through education and religion.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"27 1","pages":"535 - 548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42172220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2214783
Nathalia Lamprea Abril
ABSTRACT The 2021 National Strike in Colombia laid bare social discontent exacerbated by structural inequalities in its society. It provided a much-needed platform for those historically excluded voices, including those of young people. They raised their voices to challenge the meanings of the violent past to construct an activist and politicized citizenship. I will analyze from a discursive-performative stance the meanings that emerge in the protest taking as corpus two graffiti. These materials’ irruptions give room to doubts, complaints, demands of justice, and new questions about the memories of violence as they open the space to a political we.
{"title":"(Re)signifying the Past of Violence: Emerging Memories and Voices at Colombia’s National Strike in 2021","authors":"Nathalia Lamprea Abril","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2214783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2214783","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The 2021 National Strike in Colombia laid bare social discontent exacerbated by structural inequalities in its society. It provided a much-needed platform for those historically excluded voices, including those of young people. They raised their voices to challenge the meanings of the violent past to construct an activist and politicized citizenship. I will analyze from a discursive-performative stance the meanings that emerge in the protest taking as corpus two graffiti. These materials’ irruptions give room to doubts, complaints, demands of justice, and new questions about the memories of violence as they open the space to a political we.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"27 1","pages":"495 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41886316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2214990
Juan Ramos-Martín, María Reneé Barrientos-Garrido
ABSTRACT This article analyses the technological resistance of different social, citizen, and community collectives of young Aymara people in the Bolivian cities of El Alto and La Paz facing structures of the materiality of coloniality. This analysis is based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with leaders of two collectives of technological resistance defending Aymara’s indigenous identity. The results show how their forms of political organization and repertoire of contentions, memories of resistance, socio-technical imaginaries, and historical identities achieve technological resistance structures capable of confronting the forms of institutionality that assume the coloniality of power and knowledge in the Andean country.
{"title":"Colonial Fetishism and Urban Uprooting. Technological Resistances in Bolivia","authors":"Juan Ramos-Martín, María Reneé Barrientos-Garrido","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2214990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2214990","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyses the technological resistance of different social, citizen, and community collectives of young Aymara people in the Bolivian cities of El Alto and La Paz facing structures of the materiality of coloniality. This analysis is based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with leaders of two collectives of technological resistance defending Aymara’s indigenous identity. The results show how their forms of political organization and repertoire of contentions, memories of resistance, socio-technical imaginaries, and historical identities achieve technological resistance structures capable of confronting the forms of institutionality that assume the coloniality of power and knowledge in the Andean country.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"27 1","pages":"549 - 565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49519482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-22DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2203346
Jules Médard Djomo Nana, B. Epo
{"title":"Road Fatalities and Extreme Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: How Fatal Is It for the Breadwinners?","authors":"Jules Médard Djomo Nana, B. Epo","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2203346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2203346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48696668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2201694
M. Elkaramany, M. Edwards
{"title":"Political Party and Policy Choices: Explaining State Variation in SNAP Participation","authors":"M. Elkaramany, M. Edwards","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2201694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2201694","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44042032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2173708
Marzieh Ronaghi, Eric Scorsone
Covid-19 presents many social and economic challenges and exacerbates existing ones. One of these challenges is global poverty. Prior to the epidemic, poverty affected the rural population traditionally. Global poverty can spread to urban areas now with COVID-19 outbreak. Poverty increased in the United States in 2020 as the coronavirus outbreak, affecting the economy and rising unemployment. New figures confirm that the recession may have widened the gap between rich and poor, with those at the bottom of the economic ladder suffering the most, such as the rural population. In this study, we examine the relationship between Covid outbreak, governance and economic performance and its impact on number in poverty. To this end, data from the Center for American Progress is analyzed over 10 years (from 2011–2020) among the 49 states in America through spatial econometric techniques for panel data. The effect of each state’s condition was examined on neighboring states. The results showed that the governance index (with a negative sign) and Income inequality variable (with a positive sign), have the greatest impact on poverty. The unemployment, Gender wage gap, Hunger and food insecurity, Health insurance, Population and Higher education also have an impact on poverty. The policy recommendations of this study are that because the variable of governance (accountability and responsibility of the government to compensate for the damage caused by the covid outbreak) is one of the most effective variables to control poverty.
新冠肺炎疫情带来了许多社会和经济挑战，并加剧了现有挑战。其中一个挑战是全球贫困。在这一流行病之前，贫穷传统上影响着农村人口。随着COVID-19的爆发，全球贫困可能会蔓延到城市地区。随着冠状病毒的爆发，2020年美国的贫困人口增加，影响了经济，失业率上升。新的数据证实，经济衰退可能扩大了贫富差距，处于经济阶梯底层的人受影响最大，比如农村人口。在本研究中，我们考察了疫情爆发、治理和经济绩效之间的关系及其对贫困人数的影响。为此，通过面板数据的空间计量技术，对美国进步中心(Center for American Progress) 2011-2020年10年间美国49个州的数据进行分析。每个州的状况对相邻州的影响都进行了检验。结果表明，治理指数(负号)和收入不平等变量(正号)对贫困的影响最大。失业、性别工资差距、饥饿和粮食不安全、医疗保险、人口和高等教育也对贫困产生影响。本研究的政策建议是，因为治理变量(政府补偿疫情造成的损害的问责制和责任)是控制贫困最有效的变量之一。
{"title":"The Impact of Governance on Poverty and Unemployment Control Before and After the Covid Outbreak in the United States","authors":"Marzieh Ronaghi, Eric Scorsone","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2173708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2173708","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 presents many social and economic challenges and exacerbates existing ones. One of these challenges is global poverty. Prior to the epidemic, poverty affected the rural population traditionally. Global poverty can spread to urban areas now with COVID-19 outbreak. Poverty increased in the United States in 2020 as the coronavirus outbreak, affecting the economy and rising unemployment. New figures confirm that the recession may have widened the gap between rich and poor, with those at the bottom of the economic ladder suffering the most, such as the rural population. In this study, we examine the relationship between Covid outbreak, governance and economic performance and its impact on number in poverty. To this end, data from the Center for American Progress is analyzed over 10 years (from 2011–2020) among the 49 states in America through spatial econometric techniques for panel data. The effect of each state’s condition was examined on neighboring states. The results showed that the governance index (with a negative sign) and Income inequality variable (with a positive sign), have the greatest impact on poverty. The unemployment, Gender wage gap, Hunger and food insecurity, Health insurance, Population and Higher education also have an impact on poverty. The policy recommendations of this study are that because the variable of governance (accountability and responsibility of the government to compensate for the damage caused by the covid outbreak) is one of the most effective variables to control poverty.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136081098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2420282/v1
Marzieh Ronaghi, Eric A. Scorsone
Covid-19 presents many social and economic challenges and exacerbates existing ones. One of these challenges is global poverty. Prior to the epidemic, poverty affected the rural population traditionally. Global poverty can spread to urban areas now with COVID-19 outbreak. Poverty increased in the United States in 2020 as the coronavirus outbreak, affecting the economy and rising unemployment. New figures confirm that the recession may have widened the gap between rich and poor, with those at the bottom of the economic ladder suffering the most, such as the rural population. In this study, we examine the relationship between Covid outbreak, governance and economic performance and its impact on number in poverty. To this end, data from the Center for American Progress is analyzed over 10 years (from 2011–2020) among the 49 states in America through spatial econometric techniques for panel data. The effect of each state's condition was examined on neighboring states. The results showed that the governance index (with a negative sign) and Income inequality variable (with a positive sign), have the greatest impact on poverty. The unemployment, Gender wage gap, Hunger and food insecurity, Health insurance, Population and Higher education also have an impact on poverty. The policy recommendations of this study are that because the variable of governance (accountability and responsibility of the government to compensate for the damage caused by the covid outbreak) is one of the most effective variables to control poverty. JEL: I13, I18, I23, I28
{"title":"The Impact of Governance on Poverty and Unemployment Control Before and After the Covid Outbreak in the United States","authors":"Marzieh Ronaghi, Eric A. Scorsone","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2420282/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2420282/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 presents many social and economic challenges and exacerbates existing ones. One of these challenges is global poverty. Prior to the epidemic, poverty affected the rural population traditionally. Global poverty can spread to urban areas now with COVID-19 outbreak. Poverty increased in the United States in 2020 as the coronavirus outbreak, affecting the economy and rising unemployment. New figures confirm that the recession may have widened the gap between rich and poor, with those at the bottom of the economic ladder suffering the most, such as the rural population. In this study, we examine the relationship between Covid outbreak, governance and economic performance and its impact on number in poverty. To this end, data from the Center for American Progress is analyzed over 10 years (from 2011–2020) among the 49 states in America through spatial econometric techniques for panel data. The effect of each state's condition was examined on neighboring states. The results showed that the governance index (with a negative sign) and Income inequality variable (with a positive sign), have the greatest impact on poverty. The unemployment, Gender wage gap, Hunger and food insecurity, Health insurance, Population and Higher education also have an impact on poverty. The policy recommendations of this study are that because the variable of governance (accountability and responsibility of the government to compensate for the damage caused by the covid outbreak) is one of the most effective variables to control poverty. JEL: I13, I18, I23, I28","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47739643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2173703
Edizon F. Leon
ABSTRACT The present work was woven amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and is part of the walk that was possible for me outside the confinement provoked by the mobility restrictions imposed by the virus. The high lethality of the virus and its reflection on the invisibilized populations, have potentiated the historical impacts of pandemic racism which is institutionalized in the Ecuadorian state. For several centuries the state has been absent (and perhaps remains absent), in many corners of the country. This is particularly true in the Valle del Chota, located in the ancestral Afro-Ecuadorian territory in the provinces of Imbabura and Carchi. Through a brief ethnographic fieldwork, I gathered some of the experiences in Afro-Ecuadorian communities that, along with their philosophical, cosmogonic, and woven knowledge, have sustained Afro-Ecuadorian lives in the face of continuous and historical neglect. Building upon testimonies I propose a concept that I call pedagogies of existence. These are pedagogies based on community practices and values that are lodged in people’s memory which have been instruments to face the non-ethics of death or state-embraced necropolitics. During the pandemic the relationship with death has gained other nuances within the communities, to which the “prodigal children” have returned in a reverse flow, from the cities to the rural areas, responding to a need for rehumanization and return-to-being.
{"title":"“No one dies on the eve”: feel-thinking knowledges and doings in confinement times","authors":"Edizon F. Leon","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2173703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2173703","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present work was woven amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and is part of the walk that was possible for me outside the confinement provoked by the mobility restrictions imposed by the virus. The high lethality of the virus and its reflection on the invisibilized populations, have potentiated the historical impacts of pandemic racism which is institutionalized in the Ecuadorian state. For several centuries the state has been absent (and perhaps remains absent), in many corners of the country. This is particularly true in the Valle del Chota, located in the ancestral Afro-Ecuadorian territory in the provinces of Imbabura and Carchi. Through a brief ethnographic fieldwork, I gathered some of the experiences in Afro-Ecuadorian communities that, along with their philosophical, cosmogonic, and woven knowledge, have sustained Afro-Ecuadorian lives in the face of continuous and historical neglect. Building upon testimonies I propose a concept that I call pedagogies of existence. These are pedagogies based on community practices and values that are lodged in people’s memory which have been instruments to face the non-ethics of death or state-embraced necropolitics. During the pandemic the relationship with death has gained other nuances within the communities, to which the “prodigal children” have returned in a reverse flow, from the cities to the rural areas, responding to a need for rehumanization and return-to-being.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"27 1","pages":"434 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-11DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2173707
J. F. Moura, Daniele Jesus Negreiros, M. Lykes, José da Silva Oliveira Neto, Luiza Barbosa Lima, João Paulo Pereira Barros
{"title":"Racialized and Gendered Impoverishment and Violence in Ceará, Brazil: Narratives of Surviving Mothers and Sisters of Murdered Black Women","authors":"J. F. Moura, Daniele Jesus Negreiros, M. Lykes, José da Silva Oliveira Neto, Luiza Barbosa Lima, João Paulo Pereira Barros","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2173707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2173707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47525764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2023.2173709
Leanne S. Giordono, David W. Rothwell, Bruce A. Weber
Building off the success of the federal earned income tax credit (EITC), states have developed earned income credits to supplement the incomes of the working poor. In 2016, a distinctive change to the Oregon Earned Income Credit (OEIC) targeted additional resources to families with young children. Using a unique data set and static estimates, we found that the OEIC yielded proportional decreases in child and young child poverty of 1.8 and 2.6%, respectively. By simulating alternative OEIC policies, we also found that significant increases to OEIC rates or takeup would be required to more aggressively reduce child poverty.
{"title":"The Oregon Earned Income Credit’s Impact on Child Poverty","authors":"Leanne S. Giordono, David W. Rothwell, Bruce A. Weber","doi":"10.1080/10875549.2023.2173709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2023.2173709","url":null,"abstract":"Building off the success of the federal earned income tax credit (EITC), states have developed earned income credits to supplement the incomes of the working poor. In 2016, a distinctive change to the Oregon Earned Income Credit (OEIC) targeted additional resources to families with young children. Using a unique data set and static estimates, we found that the OEIC yielded proportional decreases in child and young child poverty of 1.8 and 2.6%, respectively. By simulating alternative OEIC policies, we also found that significant increases to OEIC rates or takeup would be required to more aggressively reduce child poverty.","PeriodicalId":46177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136171258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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