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NEW TRENDS IN FRENCH COMMUNICATION RESEARCH 法语传播研究的新趋势
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008665
Director Paul Beaud, L. Kaufmann
AbstractFrench communication and media research has been considerably developed during the last two decades. Its development is characterised by multidisciplinary approaches and often original directions. This particularly holds true for research into the genesis of communication as a social and political phenomenon, and the formation of social uses of mass media. Specific to French research is also the attention paid to controversies between intellectuals, politicians and the journalistic elites. Finally, communication is also the domain where historians and sociologists of the public sphere encounter philosophers interested in the problem of collective action.
摘要近二十年来,法国的传播与媒介研究取得了长足的发展。它的发展特点是多学科的方法,往往是原创的方向。这尤其适用于研究传播作为一种社会和政治现象的起源,以及大众媒体的社会使用的形成。法国的研究还特别关注知识分子、政治家和新闻精英之间的争议。最后,交流也是公共领域的历史学家和社会学家遇到对集体行动问题感兴趣的哲学家的领域。
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引用次数: 8
BBC Radio Ulster’s Talkback Phone-in: Public Feedback in a Divided Public Space 英国广播公司阿尔斯特电台的反馈电话:分裂的公共空间中的公众反馈
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008671
S. Coleman
This article is based upon extensive research of the BBC Radio Ulster daily phone-in programme, Talkback. The wider research is investigating the role of phone-in programmes as a contemporary public sphere for democratic debate. This article places the Talkback phone-ins within the specific context of a contested society within which two “publics” seek to assert their separate identities. The relationship between on-air public talk and official political talks is considered. The socio-political functions of phonein talk are considered empirically (within the confines of limited space) and it is argued theoretically that talk on Talkback is addressed to one of three publics: ones own public; the divided public; and the imagined consensual public (which is addressed mainly by the BBC). STEPHEN
这篇文章是基于英国广播公司广播电台阿尔斯特每日电话节目“反馈”的广泛研究。更广泛的研究是调查电话节目作为民主辩论的当代公共领域的作用。本文将“反馈电话”置于一个有争议的社会的特定背景下,在这个社会中,两个“公众”寻求维护他们各自的身份。讨论了广播公共谈话与官方政治谈话之间的关系。电话交谈的社会政治功能是经验主义的(在有限的空间范围内),理论上认为,对讲是针对三种公众之一:自己的公众;分裂的公众;以及想象中的一致同意的公众(主要由BBC报道)。斯蒂芬。
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引用次数: 15
Community Radio at the Beginning of the 21st Century 21世纪初的社区广播
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008677
D. Dunaway
AbstractThis article charts the historical development of community radio in the United States, and makes comparisons with the development of stations in Europe. Parallels are noted and illustrated from both the author’s personal experience and academic analysis. Two typologies are proposed for understanding this development in which key aspects of stations are used for comparing stations in the mid-1970s to those in the late 1990s. The article ends with formulation of a number of issues which should be placed high on the research agenda, and a plea for consideration of the US model of listener-sponsorship as a viable “third way” for community radio initiatives in the 21st century.
摘要本文概述了美国社区广播的发展历史,并与欧洲社区广播的发展进行了比较。从作者的个人经历和学术分析中都注意到并说明了相似之处。为了理解这一发展,我们提出了两种类型,其中用车站的关键方面来比较20世纪70年代中期和90年代末的车站。文章最后提出了一些应该放在研究议程上的问题,并呼吁考虑美国的听众赞助模式,作为21世纪社区广播倡议的可行“第三条道路”。
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引用次数: 45
Democratic “Talk,” Access Television and Participatory Political Communication 民主“谈话”、电视接入与参与式政治传播
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008672
Laura Stein
AbstractThis study draws on the participatory political philosophy of Benjamin Barber to assess the contribution of public access cable television to political communication in the United States. In contrast to neo-liberal political theory which views government-mandated media access as infringing on the speech rights of media owners, Barber’s participatory democratic theory positions direct and widespread access to the media as a vital aspect of democratic processes. Barber puts forward a set of concepts which describe the various functions of democratic “talk” and which provide a theoretical framework for understanding some of the ways in which access television functions as a political communication resource. Using interviews and original source materials, the study examines the political uses of access television by radical media projects, a type of media seldom granted access to commercial or public television. In their attempts to organise and empower communities that have been under represented or ...
摘要本研究借鉴本杰明·巴伯(Benjamin Barber)的参与式政治哲学来评估公共有线电视对美国政治传播的贡献。新自由主义政治理论认为,政府强制媒体进入侵犯了媒体所有者的言论权利,而巴伯的参与式民主理论则认为,直接和广泛地进入媒体是民主进程的一个重要方面。巴伯提出了一组概念,描述了民主“谈话”的各种功能,并为理解电视作为政治传播资源的一些方式提供了理论框架。这项研究利用采访和原始资料,审查激进媒体项目对无障碍电视的政治用途,这种媒体很少获准进入商业或公共电视。在他们试图组织和赋予那些代表性不足的社区权力的过程中……
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引用次数: 21
A Brief Review of Chinese Contributions to Communication and Media Studies 中国对传播与媒介研究的贡献述评
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008668
Chien-san Feng
AbstractThis article reviews contributions to communication and media studies originating in Taiwan and China during the past decade. While China has provided Chinese readers with a relatively rich critical literature in the media histories of advanced capitalist societies, this literature has been weak in providing discourses regarding China’s own changing media political economy. In comparison, the situation in Taiwan has been quite the opposite. Here, reception of Western media history has been short on class perspective, while recent work has recorded and radically commented on the island’s contemporary media politics of national identity, intellectual intervention, and American-imperialism. This article also provides a brief review of English and Chinese literature which analyses Chinese media systems and communication practices in transition.
摘要本文回顾了近十年来台湾与大陆在传播与媒介研究方面的贡献。虽然中国为中国读者提供了相对丰富的关于发达资本主义社会媒体史的批评文献,但这些文献在提供有关中国自身不断变化的媒体政治经济的话语方面一直很薄弱。相比之下,台湾的情况则完全相反。在这里,对西方媒体历史的接受缺乏阶级视角,而最近的作品则记录并激进地评论了台湾当代媒体政治的民族认同、知识分子干预和美帝国主义。本文还简要回顾了英汉文献,分析了转型期中国的媒介制度和传播实践。
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引用次数: 0
Mass Communication Research in Japan 日本大众传播研究
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008667
S. Ishikawa
AbstractScientific research in mass communication began in Japan through interpreting and reexamining the theories and hypotheses developed during the 1940s and 1950s in the United States and Europe. A major part of the research has been carried out by universities and research institutes established by media associations. The Japanese Society for the Study of Journalism and Mass Communication, the nation’s largest academic association for mass communication research, now has more than one thousand members including journalists and mass communication researchers and scholars. The research interest is widely dispersed today and articles and books appearing every year covers a wide range of issues. Although most of them are published in Japanese, some are published in English presenting unique orientations.
摘要日本的大众传播科学研究始于对美国和欧洲在20世纪40年代和50年代发展起来的理论和假设的解释和重新审视。研究的主要部分是由大学和媒体协会设立的研究所进行的。日本新闻与大众传播研究学会是日本最大的大众传播研究学术协会,目前拥有1000多名成员,其中包括记者、大众传播研究人员和学者。今天的研究兴趣广泛分散,每年出现的文章和书籍涵盖了广泛的问题。虽然大多数是用日文出版的,但也有一些是用英文出版的,呈现出独特的定位。
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引用次数: 7
Warming the Arctic Air: Cultural Politics and Alaska Native Radio 北极空气变暖:文化政治和阿拉斯加本地电台
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008674
P. Daley, B. James
AbstractThis article charts and analyses the place of community radio among rural-based Native Alaskans. The introduction of community radio received major financial support during the War on Poverty in the 1960s, but since has had to struggle and compromise on principles of control for existence. One of the outcomes of this struggle was increasing cultural self-awareness and willingness to engage in collective actions by Alaska Natives. The analysis of this development leans on Carey’s notion of a ritual view of communication, and the authors contend, in conclusion, that the cultural integrity of Native peoples in Alaska requires restoration of local control over community radio.
摘要本文以图表的形式分析了社区广播在以农村为基础的阿拉斯加原住民中的地位。在20世纪60年代的“反贫困战争”期间,社区广播的引入得到了主要的财政支持,但自那以后,为了生存,必须在控制原则上进行斗争和妥协。这场斗争的结果之一是增加了阿拉斯加原住民的文化自我意识和参与集体行动的意愿。对这一发展的分析依赖于凯里关于交流的仪式观的概念,作者认为,在结论中,阿拉斯加原住民的文化完整性需要恢复当地对社区广播的控制。
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引用次数: 3
Tabloidised Political Coverage in Bild-Zeitung 《图片报》小报化的政治报道
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008684
researcher Ulrike Klein
AbstractAs modern democracies need the politically informed citizen and as politics nearly cannot be experienced and judged without the help of the mass media, there is growing concern for a tabloidisation process affecting the political news discourse within the media culture. This may be explained by both the consequences deriving from the symbiotic relationship between the media and the political system and the commercialisation of the media system since the opening of the television market in the mid 1980s in Germany. German research analyses of the phenomenon of tabloidisation have mainly been restricted to the audiovisual media. The paper intends to give a clearer insight into the nature of “tabloidised” political coverage in the press by describing its potential extreme forms. The prototypical representative of tabloid journalism in Germany is the Bild-Zeitung.
摘要由于现代民主国家需要政治知情的公民,而且如果没有大众媒体的帮助,政治几乎无法体验和判断,因此人们越来越关注媒体文化中影响政治新闻话语的小报化过程。这可以用媒体与政治制度共生关系的后果以及自20世纪80年代中期德国电视市场开放以来媒体制度的商业化来解释。德国对小报化现象的研究分析主要局限于视听媒体。本文旨在通过描述其潜在的极端形式,更清楚地了解新闻界“小报化”政治报道的本质。德国小报新闻的典型代表是《图片报》。
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引用次数: 25
Tabloid Newspapers in Post-Communist Hungary 后共产主义匈牙利的小报
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008683
Á. Gulyás
AbstractAn important and particular feature of post-communist transformation in the media in East Central Europe was the rise of a section of the press devoted to sensation and scandals. This development was the result of different processes which occurred with the system change. The most important changes were the end of political control of the press; the liberalisation and marketisation of press markets; the commercialisation of the media and changing media consumption patterns. The development of sensational press was influenced by changing market conditions in post-communist media, particularly the saturation and shrinking of the press market (the expanding but increasingly competitive advertising sector and the limited potential for considerable financial gains in the national dailies market) foreign investment, changes in newspaper demand (such as in reading habits and decreasing buying power of the population), and post-communist cultural changes, with emphasis on internationalisation and promotio...
【摘要】后共产主义时代东欧媒体转型的一个重要而独特的特征是,一批致力于轰动和丑闻报道的媒体的兴起。这种发展是随着制度变化而发生的不同过程的结果。最重要的变化是政治对媒体控制的结束;新闻市场的自由化和市场化;媒体的商业化和不断变化的媒体消费模式。轰动新闻的发展受到后共产主义媒体市场条件变化的影响,特别是新闻市场的饱和和萎缩(广告部门不断扩大,但竞争日益激烈,全国日报市场获得可观财务收益的潜力有限)、外国投资、报纸需求的变化(例如阅读习惯和人口购买力的下降)以及后共产主义文化变化。强调国际化和推广…
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引用次数: 13
Small Countries and the Legend of the Free Market: Austria in the European Context 小国与自由市场的传奇:欧洲背景下的奥地利
IF 1.3 3区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13183222.1998.11008690
lecturer in economics Andrea Grisold
AbstractOver more than the past decade, there has been a surge of interest in the economic role and potential of the media. Within the context of “Information Society” and other policy initiatives, policymakers as well as investors have placed an increasing stress on the economic role of the media and cultural industries.This paper deals with the de- and reregulation of the mass media sector, and the pros and, in particular, the cons of the market approach. The mass media sector displays typical characteristics of traditional market failure and, at the same time, provides output with strong political relevance. Therefore public policy measures are even more important than in other industries. Historically, state regulation of the media sector (at least in Europe) has been politically and economically broadly accepted. At this time media output was still a “national” good. This paper will show how political and economic changes led to commercialisation and privatisation of the media sector at an internatio...
在过去的十多年里,人们对媒体的经济作用和潜力产生了浓厚的兴趣。在“信息社会”和其他政策倡议的背景下,决策者和投资者越来越重视媒体和文化产业的经济作用。本文讨论了大众传媒部门的放松和重新管制,以及市场方法的利弊。大众传播媒介部门表现出传统市场失灵的典型特征,同时提供具有强烈政治相关性的产出。因此,公共政策措施比其他行业更为重要。从历史上看,国家对媒体部门的监管(至少在欧洲)在政治和经济上被广泛接受。此时的媒体输出仍然是一个“国家”的好。本文将展示政治和经济变化如何导致国际媒体部门的商业化和私有化。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Javnost-The Public
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