Nowadays’ sustainability-driven systems require a product to be environmentally beneficial as well as cost-effective whilst maintaining its great performance. In these circumstances, the pavement industry has emphasized its concern over waste production, reduced materials costs and conserving resources. Henhce, the seeking for new engineering solutions to move toward more sustainable, eco-friendly, and economically beneficial management. In this context, the use of RA (Reclaimed Asphalt) in the new asphalt mixtures has generated well-defined environmental benefits especially in terms of the reduction in raw-material consumption and possibility to upcycle the waste derived from existing old pavements. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the addition of selected rejuvenators which help to restore some of the properties of aged bituminous binder in RA, crumb rubber and plastic (LDPE) waste on the performance of asphalt mixture designed with elevated RA content (50 %). Mechanical performance was evaluated by means of laboratory investigations for typical characteristics dedicated to durability, stiffness and cracking potential. The results showed that a proper dosage of a suitable type of rejuvenation agent as well as the crumb rubber and plastic waste can enhance the overall durability of the elevated RA content asphalt mixtures.
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Use of Selected Rejuvenators, Crumb Rubber and Plastic Waste for Asphalt Mixture Containing 50% Reclaimed Asphalt","authors":"Majda Belhaj, Pavla Vackova, Jan Valentin","doi":"10.4028/p-rnxt7f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-rnxt7f","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays’ sustainability-driven systems require a product to be environmentally beneficial as well as cost-effective whilst maintaining its great performance. In these circumstances, the pavement industry has emphasized its concern over waste production, reduced materials costs and conserving resources. Henhce, the seeking for new engineering solutions to move toward more sustainable, eco-friendly, and economically beneficial management. In this context, the use of RA (Reclaimed Asphalt) in the new asphalt mixtures has generated well-defined environmental benefits especially in terms of the reduction in raw-material consumption and possibility to upcycle the waste derived from existing old pavements. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the addition of selected rejuvenators which help to restore some of the properties of aged bituminous binder in RA, crumb rubber and plastic (LDPE) waste on the performance of asphalt mixture designed with elevated RA content (50 %). Mechanical performance was evaluated by means of laboratory investigations for typical characteristics dedicated to durability, stiffness and cracking potential. The results showed that a proper dosage of a suitable type of rejuvenation agent as well as the crumb rubber and plastic waste can enhance the overall durability of the elevated RA content asphalt mixtures.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) and Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) thin-film sensors can be used to detect acoustic emissions, and their low thickness (28µm PVDF sensors available) allow them to be embedded (positioned within a laminate). However, the characteristics and sensitivity of these sensors within composite structures require further study. The attenuation curves of PZT, silver ink metallised PVDF and gold metallised PVDF sensors, when mounted using a variety of couplants such as ultrasonic gel, resin, silicone adhesive and thin double-sided adhesive tape, have been generated. Investigations also include positioning the sensor within the laminate, as opposed to on the surface, and monitoring the performance changes with respect to the through-thickness position. The sensors coupled using resin have shown to generally have the highest amplitude, with the highest being the PZT yielding 88 dB at 5cm. Initial comparisons of signal detection by the sensors with respect to fibre orientation have shown that signal travelling along the fibres generally has higher amplitude when compared to at 45 o . This research is the first step toward identifying the preferred sensor type and position within the structure for damage detection.
{"title":"Feasibility Study on Alternative Sensors for Acoustic Emission Damage Detection in Composite Structures","authors":"Noor Ghadarah, David Ayre, Jim Hurley","doi":"10.4028/p-i6t1s3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-i6t1s3","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) and Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) thin-film sensors can be used to detect acoustic emissions, and their low thickness (28µm PVDF sensors available) allow them to be embedded (positioned within a laminate). However, the characteristics and sensitivity of these sensors within composite structures require further study. The attenuation curves of PZT, silver ink metallised PVDF and gold metallised PVDF sensors, when mounted using a variety of couplants such as ultrasonic gel, resin, silicone adhesive and thin double-sided adhesive tape, have been generated. Investigations also include positioning the sensor within the laminate, as opposed to on the surface, and monitoring the performance changes with respect to the through-thickness position. The sensors coupled using resin have shown to generally have the highest amplitude, with the highest being the PZT yielding 88 dB at 5cm. Initial comparisons of signal detection by the sensors with respect to fibre orientation have shown that signal travelling along the fibres generally has higher amplitude when compared to at 45 o . This research is the first step toward identifying the preferred sensor type and position within the structure for damage detection.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paraskevi Nanou, John Konstantaras, Athanasios Zarkadoulas, Pavlos K. Pandis, Nikolaos Vourdas, Vassilis N. Stathopoulos
The study of water condensation phenomena is important in order to evaluate the performance of materials and coatings employed in the fabrication of waste heat recovery units including heat exchangers, heat pipes, condensing economizers and related functional surfaces. Fast evaluation of lab-scale samples is important during research and development of coatings for wetting phenomena under controlled, reproducible, and stable humidity and temperature conditions of both sample and environment. To study these effects, we report on the construction of a lab-scale condensation chamber, along with its evaluation and benchmarking with superhydrophobic coatings on stainless steel using perfluorooctyl silane (PFOTS). A working unit has been successfully fabricated and applied in a highly responsive device capable of recording the condensation performance of flat specimens under controlled conditions. Sample temperature was maintained with 0.10 °C deviation. The humidity response time of the chamber is 17.2 s per degree of RH% while the maximum relative humidity variation is +/- 3.2%RH. The unit successfully delivered valuable data over hydrophillic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. Data useful for studying open research issues such the relationship of contact angle and condensation phenomena.
水冷凝现象的研究对于评价废热回收装置(包括热交换器、热管、冷凝省煤器和相关功能表面)中所用材料和涂层的性能具有重要意义。在涂料的研究和开发过程中，在可控的、可重复的、稳定的湿度和温度条件下，对实验室规模的样品进行快速评估是非常重要的。为了研究这些影响，我们报告了一个实验室规模的冷凝室的建设，以及它的评估和对标不锈钢上使用全氟辛基硅烷(PFOTS)的超疏水涂层。一个工作单元已经成功地制造和应用在一个高响应装置能够记录凝结性能的平面样品在受控条件下。样品温度保持0.10°C偏差。当相对湿度的最大变化为+/- 3.2%RH时，试验室的湿度响应时间为17.2 s /℃。该装置成功地提供了亲水、疏水和超疏水表面的宝贵数据。对研究诸如接触角与凝结现象的关系等开放性研究问题有用的数据。
{"title":"Construction, Evaluation, and Performance of a Water Condensation Test Unit","authors":"Paraskevi Nanou, John Konstantaras, Athanasios Zarkadoulas, Pavlos K. Pandis, Nikolaos Vourdas, Vassilis N. Stathopoulos","doi":"10.4028/p-am2eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-am2eng","url":null,"abstract":"The study of water condensation phenomena is important in order to evaluate the performance of materials and coatings employed in the fabrication of waste heat recovery units including heat exchangers, heat pipes, condensing economizers and related functional surfaces. Fast evaluation of lab-scale samples is important during research and development of coatings for wetting phenomena under controlled, reproducible, and stable humidity and temperature conditions of both sample and environment. To study these effects, we report on the construction of a lab-scale condensation chamber, along with its evaluation and benchmarking with superhydrophobic coatings on stainless steel using perfluorooctyl silane (PFOTS). A working unit has been successfully fabricated and applied in a highly responsive device capable of recording the condensation performance of flat specimens under controlled conditions. Sample temperature was maintained with 0.10 °C deviation. The humidity response time of the chamber is 17.2 s per degree of RH% while the maximum relative humidity variation is +/- 3.2%RH. The unit successfully delivered valuable data over hydrophillic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. Data useful for studying open research issues such the relationship of contact angle and condensation phenomena.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehwish Khan Mahek, Mohammad Alkhedher, Mohamad Ramadan, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Abdul Ghani Olabi
Li-ion batteries (LIB) are one of the most prevalent kinds of batteries used in electronic devices to store electrical energy due to their steady voltage, high energy density, and excellent cycle performance. However, its quick charging and discharging cycle generates a lot of heat which may reduce battery capacity and destroy the electrode material's nanostructure and crystal structure. As a result, a scientific and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is crucial. In this paper, we suggested a BTMS for a 9-cell battery pack with cell spacing of 9mm. Air-cooled and PCM-based systems were simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 and compared against a bare-cell battery pack where a temperature drop of 3.53 K and 5.04 K was observed respectively after incorporating the cooling system. In our final study, we simulated a hybrid BTMS that used both forced air cooling and PCM and compared it to a scenario where air cooling was the only type of cooling used by the system. This produced interesting results as the temperature in the hybrid system increased by 1.48 K. Therefore, in order for the hybrid system to benefit from both cooling systems, an in-depth evaluation of the fan's air flow properties, as well as the PCM thickness and material, must take place. The thickness and material must be such that the air cooling provided by the flow control mechanism reaches the actual electrochemical cell.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Active, Passive, and Hybrid Thermal Management Systems for Li-Ion Batteries: Performance Analysis","authors":"Mehwish Khan Mahek, Mohammad Alkhedher, Mohamad Ramadan, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Abdul Ghani Olabi","doi":"10.4028/p-p12kww","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p12kww","url":null,"abstract":"Li-ion batteries (LIB) are one of the most prevalent kinds of batteries used in electronic devices to store electrical energy due to their steady voltage, high energy density, and excellent cycle performance. However, its quick charging and discharging cycle generates a lot of heat which may reduce battery capacity and destroy the electrode material's nanostructure and crystal structure. As a result, a scientific and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is crucial. In this paper, we suggested a BTMS for a 9-cell battery pack with cell spacing of 9mm. Air-cooled and PCM-based systems were simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 and compared against a bare-cell battery pack where a temperature drop of 3.53 K and 5.04 K was observed respectively after incorporating the cooling system. In our final study, we simulated a hybrid BTMS that used both forced air cooling and PCM and compared it to a scenario where air cooling was the only type of cooling used by the system. This produced interesting results as the temperature in the hybrid system increased by 1.48 K. Therefore, in order for the hybrid system to benefit from both cooling systems, an in-depth evaluation of the fan's air flow properties, as well as the PCM thickness and material, must take place. The thickness and material must be such that the air cooling provided by the flow control mechanism reaches the actual electrochemical cell.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135731494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction industry generates a significant amount of waste, posing challenges for efficient waste management and resource recovery. This paper presents a preliminary study on the use of lightweight computer vision (CV) algorithms for the automatic recognition of construction and demolition waste (CDW) materials. Utilizing image datasets acquired by drones, the study aims to develop strategies for distinguishing between individual CDW materials based on the mean intensity gradient, brightness, and relative representation of color channels. Results indicate that the proposed method can effectively recognize crucial CDW materials, paving the way for potential applications in industry and geodesy. Further research is needed to test additional materials and metrics to refine the method for practical implementation.
{"title":"Computer Vision-Based Algorithms for Recognition of Construction and Demolition Waste Materials","authors":"Tomáš Zbíral, Václav Nežerka","doi":"10.4028/p-mj94xc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mj94xc","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry generates a significant amount of waste, posing challenges for efficient waste management and resource recovery. This paper presents a preliminary study on the use of lightweight computer vision (CV) algorithms for the automatic recognition of construction and demolition waste (CDW) materials. Utilizing image datasets acquired by drones, the study aims to develop strategies for distinguishing between individual CDW materials based on the mean intensity gradient, brightness, and relative representation of color channels. Results indicate that the proposed method can effectively recognize crucial CDW materials, paving the way for potential applications in industry and geodesy. Further research is needed to test additional materials and metrics to refine the method for practical implementation.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gasak Abdul-Hussain, William Holderbaum, Theodoros Theodoridis, Guowu Wei, Haitham El-Hussieny, Juan Antonio Ferriz-Papi
Tactile sensors in wearable devices have gained attention for their potential applications in enhancing amenability, generation, and functionality for the human body, including sensing and control. This study elaborates on the design of a tactile sensor consisting of EeonTex conductive stretchable elastic fibre, which possesses a bi-directionally stretchable elastic fibre, and was formulated by coating nylon/spandex with a long-lasting conductive formulation. This fabric has proven to be beneficial for use in various different e-tactile applications. The authors systematically investigated the performance of the tactile sensor via 2 different manipulative gestures on a part of the upper limb of two different subjects. The tactile sensor was observed to change its electrical resistance when mechanical force was applied to its surface. It was also noted to be lightweight, inexpensive, stretchable, flexible, and easy to design and set up. This type of tactile sensor possesses the ability to recognise the intention of muscle movement and measure the muscle activities from the forearm. The prime objective of this study was to use such sensors as sleeves mounted on the forearms of the upper limbs. The reasoning behind this was that when muscle contract, they change their shape which in turn results in mechanical pressure being applied to the sensor. Experimental results showed that the tactile sensor’s feedback successfully detected open/closed hands when the sensor sleeve was worn on the forearm region.
{"title":"Using an EeonTex Conductive Stretchable Elastic Fibre for Hand Action Recognition","authors":"Gasak Abdul-Hussain, William Holderbaum, Theodoros Theodoridis, Guowu Wei, Haitham El-Hussieny, Juan Antonio Ferriz-Papi","doi":"10.4028/p-eeodk5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-eeodk5","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile sensors in wearable devices have gained attention for their potential applications in enhancing amenability, generation, and functionality for the human body, including sensing and control. This study elaborates on the design of a tactile sensor consisting of EeonTex conductive stretchable elastic fibre, which possesses a bi-directionally stretchable elastic fibre, and was formulated by coating nylon/spandex with a long-lasting conductive formulation. This fabric has proven to be beneficial for use in various different e-tactile applications. The authors systematically investigated the performance of the tactile sensor via 2 different manipulative gestures on a part of the upper limb of two different subjects. The tactile sensor was observed to change its electrical resistance when mechanical force was applied to its surface. It was also noted to be lightweight, inexpensive, stretchable, flexible, and easy to design and set up. This type of tactile sensor possesses the ability to recognise the intention of muscle movement and measure the muscle activities from the forearm. The prime objective of this study was to use such sensors as sleeves mounted on the forearms of the upper limbs. The reasoning behind this was that when muscle contract, they change their shape which in turn results in mechanical pressure being applied to the sensor. Experimental results showed that the tactile sensor’s feedback successfully detected open/closed hands when the sensor sleeve was worn on the forearm region.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Antonio Ferriz-Papi, Yong Wang, Alfonso Arevalillo Roman, Jan Valentin
Construction and demolition waste (CDW) accounted for almost 36% of total waste produced in the European Union in 2018. Growing recovery rates are achieved but mainly for low-value applications. Variable composition and characteristics undermine customers’ confidence who prefers primary materials with certified properties and at more competitive value/cost. Zero energy and waste targets are driving to rethink the waste value chain, necessitating a search for new technologies to reduce carbon emissions and waste volumes towards a more efficient and circular system. This paper presents an outline of the approaches to enhance CDW management that will be developed in the newly funded Horizon Europe project RECONMATIC. This project will develop digital and automated solutions to support advanced CDW management towards zero targets and will explore applications of technologies at different phases of the asset whole life cycle. Technical issues will be considered in aspects such as material segregation, pre-demolition audits, selective deconstruction, waste traceability procedures, as well as broader economical-societal issues such as business model, health & safety, sustainability, and technology readiness level. RECONMATIC aims to usher a paradigm change in CDW management by helping the construction industry taking a step change in circular economy development.
{"title":"New Technologies for New Materials and Products from Construction and Demolition Waste","authors":"Juan Antonio Ferriz-Papi, Yong Wang, Alfonso Arevalillo Roman, Jan Valentin","doi":"10.4028/p-29vgqd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-29vgqd","url":null,"abstract":"Construction and demolition waste (CDW) accounted for almost 36% of total waste produced in the European Union in 2018. Growing recovery rates are achieved but mainly for low-value applications. Variable composition and characteristics undermine customers’ confidence who prefers primary materials with certified properties and at more competitive value/cost. Zero energy and waste targets are driving to rethink the waste value chain, necessitating a search for new technologies to reduce carbon emissions and waste volumes towards a more efficient and circular system. This paper presents an outline of the approaches to enhance CDW management that will be developed in the newly funded Horizon Europe project RECONMATIC. This project will develop digital and automated solutions to support advanced CDW management towards zero targets and will explore applications of technologies at different phases of the asset whole life cycle. Technical issues will be considered in aspects such as material segregation, pre-demolition audits, selective deconstruction, waste traceability procedures, as well as broader economical-societal issues such as business model, health & safety, sustainability, and technology readiness level. RECONMATIC aims to usher a paradigm change in CDW management by helping the construction industry taking a step change in circular economy development.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid Alblalaihid, Saleh A. Alghamdi, Anas Alburayt, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Saad Aldoihi, Ahmed Alwahid, Meshal Abuobaid, Sabri Alkhibari, Khalid Khormi, Ibrahim Almuzini, Khaled S. Almutairi, Ibrahim M. Alarifi
Nowadays, the demand for glass fibre-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) has increased in the industry owing to their low weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and low cost compared with other fibre-reinforced polymer composites. However, GFRP is anisotropic material with low interlaminar strength where the damage can occur without warning. Integrating a real-time damage detection process can mitigate this problem. Therefore, this paper presents the initial fabrication of an embedded capacitive sensor into the GFRP by using conductive electrodes inbetween its layers. To form the sensing electrodes, glass fibre yarns were coated with conductive material and braided into the fibregalss woven fabric. Two coating methods were considered to form embedded electrodes in this work which include aerosol spray coatings that were carbon based and gold-based physical vapour deposition, (PVD). It has been shown that spray coating has a weak bond and the carbon particles disperse during the molding process. In the PVD technique the nanoparticle (Au) distributed uniformly along the fibres and has a good resistance (≈100Ω). The capacitive sensor based on gold coating was exaimined using a three point bending test which demonstrate linear response toward the flexural load with a sensitivity of 25.1 fF/N.
{"title":"Coating Glass Fibre Yarn with Conductive Materials for Real-Time Structure Sensing","authors":"Khalid Alblalaihid, Saleh A. Alghamdi, Anas Alburayt, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Saad Aldoihi, Ahmed Alwahid, Meshal Abuobaid, Sabri Alkhibari, Khalid Khormi, Ibrahim Almuzini, Khaled S. Almutairi, Ibrahim M. Alarifi","doi":"10.4028/p-hbgzq6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-hbgzq6","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the demand for glass fibre-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) has increased in the industry owing to their low weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and low cost compared with other fibre-reinforced polymer composites. However, GFRP is anisotropic material with low interlaminar strength where the damage can occur without warning. Integrating a real-time damage detection process can mitigate this problem. Therefore, this paper presents the initial fabrication of an embedded capacitive sensor into the GFRP by using conductive electrodes inbetween its layers. To form the sensing electrodes, glass fibre yarns were coated with conductive material and braided into the fibregalss woven fabric. Two coating methods were considered to form embedded electrodes in this work which include aerosol spray coatings that were carbon based and gold-based physical vapour deposition, (PVD). It has been shown that spray coating has a weak bond and the carbon particles disperse during the molding process. In the PVD technique the nanoparticle (Au) distributed uniformly along the fibres and has a good resistance (≈100Ω). The capacitive sensor based on gold coating was exaimined using a three point bending test which demonstrate linear response toward the flexural load with a sensitivity of 25.1 fF/N.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135732830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the framework of the iWAYS project, a synergy between energy and water reclamation and exploitation is addressed by means of the development and the installation of a wide array of technologies in three different industrial sectors: ceramic tile manufacturing, aluminium fluoride production and steel tubes manufacturer. The aim of the project is the creation of customized and integrated systems to achieve a substantial reduction in the thermal waste and in the freshwater consumption; this is the principal challenge the iWAYS project is solving by developing a set of technologies capable of recovering water and energy from challenging exhaust streams for productive use in the industrial processes. iWAYS systems will then treat steam condensate to meet the water quality requirements of each industrial process, while the recovered heat will be used to reduce primary energy consumption. iWAYS will recover additional materials from flue gas such as valuable acids or particulates, improving the production’s raw material efficiency and reducing detrimental emissions to the environment. The iWAYS technology will provide a reduction in the freshwater consumption greater that the 30% in each industrial case; with regards to the energy recovery, iWAYS will recover 6 GWh/y in the ceramic sector, more than 5 GWh/y in the chemical scenario and approximately 1 GWh/y in the steel sector. The iWAYS solution will have a payback lower than 5 years.
{"title":"IWAYS - Recycling of Heat, Water and Material across Multiple Sectors: Ceramic, Chemical and Steel Industry","authors":"Luca Montorsi, Matteo Venturelli, Bertrand Delpech, Hussam Jouhara","doi":"10.4028/p-mdniz9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mdniz9","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of the iWAYS project, a synergy between energy and water reclamation and exploitation is addressed by means of the development and the installation of a wide array of technologies in three different industrial sectors: ceramic tile manufacturing, aluminium fluoride production and steel tubes manufacturer. The aim of the project is the creation of customized and integrated systems to achieve a substantial reduction in the thermal waste and in the freshwater consumption; this is the principal challenge the iWAYS project is solving by developing a set of technologies capable of recovering water and energy from challenging exhaust streams for productive use in the industrial processes. iWAYS systems will then treat steam condensate to meet the water quality requirements of each industrial process, while the recovered heat will be used to reduce primary energy consumption. iWAYS will recover additional materials from flue gas such as valuable acids or particulates, improving the production’s raw material efficiency and reducing detrimental emissions to the environment. The iWAYS technology will provide a reduction in the freshwater consumption greater that the 30% in each industrial case; with regards to the energy recovery, iWAYS will recover 6 GWh/y in the ceramic sector, more than 5 GWh/y in the chemical scenario and approximately 1 GWh/y in the steel sector. The iWAYS solution will have a payback lower than 5 years.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ignacio Laraudogoitia Blanc, Maider Garcia de Cortazar, Franck Andres Girot Mata
It is known that natural designs are more efficient and functionality-aimed than human designs. Historically, human beings have tried to mimic the way nature designs or the natural designs themselves. However, it turned out that it was usually too complex for the technology of the time. Today there exists the opportunity to mimic most natural designs due to advances in computational power and improvements in manufacturing methods. This can lead to a major weight reduction in the metallic components used, which is a key aspect in many engineering areas such as the aerospace, automotive or energetic industries. This study shows how these bioinspired designs can improve designer experience-based designs in several ways i.e.: mechanical behavior, part number reduction, weight reduction, etc. The components analyzed here will be metallic based on aluminum. It will be also shown the significance of the manufacturing-oriented design so the iteration times are reduced between the CAD and the CAM or the reduction of prototype manufacturing itself. Of course, these designs need to be validated mechanically via CAE and the CAM will also be used to avoid uncertainty during advanced manufacturing processes. Finally, the results of the real manufacturing process are going to be shown so the end-to-end cycle is complete.
{"title":"End-to-End Bioinspired Lightweight Structure Manufacturing-Oriented Design, Validation, and Manufacturing with Advanced Methods","authors":"Ignacio Laraudogoitia Blanc, Maider Garcia de Cortazar, Franck Andres Girot Mata","doi":"10.4028/p-cqyx0u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-cqyx0u","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that natural designs are more efficient and functionality-aimed than human designs. Historically, human beings have tried to mimic the way nature designs or the natural designs themselves. However, it turned out that it was usually too complex for the technology of the time. Today there exists the opportunity to mimic most natural designs due to advances in computational power and improvements in manufacturing methods. This can lead to a major weight reduction in the metallic components used, which is a key aspect in many engineering areas such as the aerospace, automotive or energetic industries. This study shows how these bioinspired designs can improve designer experience-based designs in several ways i.e.: mechanical behavior, part number reduction, weight reduction, etc. The components analyzed here will be metallic based on aluminum. It will be also shown the significance of the manufacturing-oriented design so the iteration times are reduced between the CAD and the CAM or the reduction of prototype manufacturing itself. Of course, these designs need to be validated mechanically via CAE and the CAM will also be used to avoid uncertainty during advanced manufacturing processes. Finally, the results of the real manufacturing process are going to be shown so the end-to-end cycle is complete.","PeriodicalId":46357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Technology-Research Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135833168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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