{"title":"How the Clinic Made Gender: The Medical History of a Transformative Idea by Sandra Eder, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2022, p. 334, ISBN-978-0226819938.","authors":"Casey Olthaus","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12782","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 2","pages":"798-799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140212011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This short article provides a coda to the special forum on ‘Reproductive Rights Beyond Roe’. It merges the history of abortion with what Stéphane Gerson calls ‘personal family history’ to consider how historians should imagine, remember and narrativise histories of abortions within their own families and networks of kin. The article does this by way of exploring the life of Florence P. Evans, the author's great aunt, who died of abortion-related complications in 1935 at the age of twenty-two years.
{"title":"Telling abortion stories: The life of Florence P. Evans (1913–1935)","authors":"Hannah M. Stamler","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12781","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12781","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This short article provides a coda to the special forum on ‘Reproductive Rights Beyond <i>Roe</i>’. It merges the history of abortion with what Stéphane Gerson calls ‘personal family history’ to consider how historians should imagine, remember and narrativise histories of abortions within their own families and networks of kin. The article does this by way of exploring the life of Florence P. Evans, the author's great aunt, who died of abortion-related complications in 1935 at the age of twenty-two years.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 2","pages":"327-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A National Park for Women's Rights: The Campaign That Made It Happen by Judy Hart, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2023, pp. ix-209, ISBN-978-1501771651.","authors":"Audrey Foster","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12780","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 2","pages":"800-801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>In Arundhati Roy's novel <i>The Ministry of Utmost Happiness</i>, Ustad Kulsoom Bi frequently takes the new initiates of her hijra household to a Sound and Light show at the historic Red Fort in Old Delhi, India.<sup>2</sup> At one moment in the show, during a section covering the year 1739, the audience can clearly hear the ‘deep, distinct, rasping, coquettish giggle of a court eunuch’.<sup>3</sup> For Kulsoom Bi, this laugh represents a direct line of connection between the court eunuchs of early modern India and today's hijras, and so is incontestable evidence of her place, and the place of her chosen family, in history – and thus in the present, and future, landscape of Delhi. Histories of non-normative genders, bodies and expressions are of course much more plural and diverse than implied by transhistorical lines; however, this does not diminish the power of the eunuch's chuckle: its echo allows past and present identities to touch.<sup>4</sup></p><p>A common refrain in transgender activism beyond the academy is ‘we have always been here’, and indeed it is possible to find evidence of non-normative gender experiences in some of the earliest human societies. This can serve as a way of understanding responses to transness in our own societies, as well as imagining alternative responses to gender variance.<sup>5</sup> Trans history, then, as with so many historical projects, retains one foot firmly in the present, as it faces the future. As Hil Maltino writes in his 2020 book <i>Trans Care</i>, the search for ‘trancestors’ can be a way of escaping the current anti-trans climate and finding ‘a roadmap for another way of being’.<sup>6</sup> Reading trans pasts, in all their diversity, allows us to read trans futures and (re)create trans possibilities. But there is a careful balance to be negotiated here, and we must be careful to see someone's roadmap in their wider context, without assuming each journey can and must be the same. We should ask, instead, how individuals have been recognised by the societies in which they lived, positively and negatively, and how they have resisted the boxes that do not represent them.</p><p>Like Kulsoom Bi, Villada is in her own way engaging in making history. Rather than hearing chuckles, for her it is the scorn that draws a connection between how travestis past and present have responded to the negativity they receive on the grounds of their gender identity and presentation. The stakes of her community's claim in history (and, thus, the present and future landscapes of Argentina) are grounded in the specificity of travesti experience, and to overwrite that with a single essentialised idea of ‘trans’ risks losing the meaningfulness of that community. This is something that we cannot lose sight of and, if a framework of historised trans pasts is to be productive, it cannot and must not erase the vast variety of experiences or lump a range of lives together into a simple, singular narrative.</p><p>A different, t
{"title":"Historicising trans pasts: An introduction","authors":"Chris Mowat, Joanna de Groot, Maroula Perisanidi","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0424.12777","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Arundhati Roy's novel <i>The Ministry of Utmost Happiness</i>, Ustad Kulsoom Bi frequently takes the new initiates of her hijra household to a Sound and Light show at the historic Red Fort in Old Delhi, India.<sup>2</sup> At one moment in the show, during a section covering the year 1739, the audience can clearly hear the ‘deep, distinct, rasping, coquettish giggle of a court eunuch’.<sup>3</sup> For Kulsoom Bi, this laugh represents a direct line of connection between the court eunuchs of early modern India and today's hijras, and so is incontestable evidence of her place, and the place of her chosen family, in history – and thus in the present, and future, landscape of Delhi. Histories of non-normative genders, bodies and expressions are of course much more plural and diverse than implied by transhistorical lines; however, this does not diminish the power of the eunuch's chuckle: its echo allows past and present identities to touch.<sup>4</sup></p><p>A common refrain in transgender activism beyond the academy is ‘we have always been here’, and indeed it is possible to find evidence of non-normative gender experiences in some of the earliest human societies. This can serve as a way of understanding responses to transness in our own societies, as well as imagining alternative responses to gender variance.<sup>5</sup> Trans history, then, as with so many historical projects, retains one foot firmly in the present, as it faces the future. As Hil Maltino writes in his 2020 book <i>Trans Care</i>, the search for ‘trancestors’ can be a way of escaping the current anti-trans climate and finding ‘a roadmap for another way of being’.<sup>6</sup> Reading trans pasts, in all their diversity, allows us to read trans futures and (re)create trans possibilities. But there is a careful balance to be negotiated here, and we must be careful to see someone's roadmap in their wider context, without assuming each journey can and must be the same. We should ask, instead, how individuals have been recognised by the societies in which they lived, positively and negatively, and how they have resisted the boxes that do not represent them.</p><p>Like Kulsoom Bi, Villada is in her own way engaging in making history. Rather than hearing chuckles, for her it is the scorn that draws a connection between how travestis past and present have responded to the negativity they receive on the grounds of their gender identity and presentation. The stakes of her community's claim in history (and, thus, the present and future landscapes of Argentina) are grounded in the specificity of travesti experience, and to overwrite that with a single essentialised idea of ‘trans’ risks losing the meaningfulness of that community. This is something that we cannot lose sight of and, if a framework of historised trans pasts is to be productive, it cannot and must not erase the vast variety of experiences or lump a range of lives together into a simple, singular narrative.</p><p>A different, t","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140031895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The shape of sex: Nonbinary gender from genesis to the renaissance by Leah DeVun, New York: Columbia University Press, 2021, pp. xiv–315, ISBN-978-0231195515.","authors":"Gabrielle Bychowski","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0424.12771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"275-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140031941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses Ghanaian women's sport practice from the late nineteenth century to the late 1950s, from games intertwined with displays of colonial authority to school competitions, physical education and tennis. The article argues that their performances played with changing categorisations of African girlhood and womanhood, especially as young literate women from cosmopolitan urban families were expected to uphold the highest physical, moral and intellectual standards, with an explicit focus on respectability and physical fitness. Not only were these calls constrained by gendered and class-related norms, but they also established these norms in connection with Western activities.
{"title":"On the Field: Race, Gender and Sports in Colonial Ghana","authors":"Claire Nicolas","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12773","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12773","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article analyses Ghanaian women's sport practice from the late nineteenth century to the late 1950s, from games intertwined with displays of colonial authority to school competitions, physical education and tennis. The article argues that their performances played with changing categorisations of African girlhood and womanhood, especially as young literate women from cosmopolitan urban families were expected to uphold the highest physical, moral and intellectual standards, with an explicit focus on respectability and physical fitness. Not only were these calls constrained by gendered and class-related norms, but they also established these norms in connection with Western activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 2","pages":"621-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12773","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The figure of the monster has long been used by trans and intersex scholars, artists and activists to articulate their sense of being in a world dominated by binary, cisgender norms. Yet what does it mean to embrace ‘the monstrous’ and how might that embrace inform the construction of transgender history? This article examines the specificities of ‘the monstrous’ in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain and empire by focusing on two figures at the boundary of the human: ‘the mermaid’ and ‘the hermaphrodite’. In doing so, it asks what the histories of these two marginal figures might tell us about the construction of ‘the human’ and argues that an alignment with the monster might enable trans historians to ally themselves with a vision of the future that goes beyond anthropocentrism.
{"title":"Of mermaids and monsters: Transgender history and the boundaries of the human in eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century Britain","authors":"Onni Gust","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12769","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The figure of the monster has long been used by trans and intersex scholars, artists and activists to articulate their sense of being in a world dominated by binary, cisgender norms. Yet what does it mean to embrace ‘the monstrous’ and how might that embrace inform the construction of transgender history? This article examines the specificities of ‘the monstrous’ in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain and empire by focusing on two figures at the boundary of the human: ‘the mermaid’ and ‘the hermaphrodite’. In doing so, it asks what the histories of these two marginal figures might tell us about the construction of ‘the human’ and argues that an alignment with the monster might enable trans historians to ally themselves with a vision of the future that goes beyond anthropocentrism.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"112-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12769","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139595166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A body of one's own: A trans history of Argentina by Patricio Simonetto, Austen: University of Texas Press, 2024, p. 320, ISBN- 978-1477328606.","authors":"Mir Yarfitz","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12772","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12772","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"280-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Queer, trans and gender histories have destabilised concepts of childhood and adolescence and thereby shown how age-stratification and normative notions of time are produced through gender and sexual normativity. However, scholars can productively consider how gender variability produces, negotiates or unravels hegemonic concepts of old age. This article analyses narratives about old age and gender variability from late nineteenth-century north India. While elderly, gender non-conforming people were often constructed as soon-to-die, this article highlights more capacious meanings of old age.
{"title":"Histories of aging and gender variability: Old age in the nineteenth-century ‘Hijra’/‘Eunuch’ archive","authors":"Jessica Hinchy","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12749","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12749","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Queer, trans and gender histories have destabilised concepts of childhood and adolescence and thereby shown how age-stratification and normative notions of time are produced through gender and sexual normativity. However, scholars can productively consider how gender variability produces, negotiates or unravels hegemonic concepts of old age. This article analyses narratives about old age and gender variability from late nineteenth-century north India. While elderly, gender non-conforming people were often constructed as soon-to-die, this article highlights more capacious meanings of old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"130-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The history of the British women's liberation movement (WLM) is a growing field of study, but it has had little to say about trans participants in the movement. Drawing on feminist and LGBT+ archives and interviews, this article argues that while trans acceptance in ‘women-only’ groups was not guaranteed during the period between 1970 and 1980, trans and cis feminists worked together to advance feminist positions on bodily autonomy and to develop critiques of medical authority. In doing so, this article demonstrates that it is ahistorical to approach trans rights and women's liberation as distinct from one another.
{"title":"Trans Feminism and the Women's Liberation Movement in Britain, c. 1970–1980","authors":"Sam Caslin","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12767","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12767","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The history of the British women's liberation movement (WLM) is a growing field of study, but it has had little to say about trans participants in the movement. Drawing on feminist and LGBT+ archives and interviews, this article argues that while trans acceptance in ‘women-only’ groups was not guaranteed during the period between 1970 and 1980, trans and cis feminists worked together to advance feminist positions on bodily autonomy and to develop critiques of medical authority. In doing so, this article demonstrates that it is ahistorical to approach trans rights and women's liberation as distinct from one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 2","pages":"748-763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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