Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039x.2023.2239020
M. J. Crawford
{"title":"Dark Voyage: An American Privateer’s War on Britain’s African Slave Trade","authors":"M. J. Crawford","doi":"10.1080/0144039x.2023.2239020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039x.2023.2239020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42000446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236435
Nancy E. van Deusen
ABSTRACT This article focuses on ways of thinking productively about Indigenous freedom litigation suits, how scholars read that documentary record, whether we can give voice to the voiceless, and how ways of reading litigation records that included records from the ‘deep archive’, namely notorial and parish records, can inform epistemological seeing and knowledge mobilization. It is a cautionary tale that encourages a careful approach to slavery’s archives as sites that constitute, validate, and activate historical evidence about Indigenous slaves who litigated for their freedom.
{"title":"Indigenous Freedom Suits, Epistemological Mobilities, and the Deep Archive","authors":"Nancy E. van Deusen","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236435","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on ways of thinking productively about Indigenous freedom litigation suits, how scholars read that documentary record, whether we can give voice to the voiceless, and how ways of reading litigation records that included records from the ‘deep archive’, namely notorial and parish records, can inform epistemological seeing and knowledge mobilization. It is a cautionary tale that encourages a careful approach to slavery’s archives as sites that constitute, validate, and activate historical evidence about Indigenous slaves who litigated for their freedom.","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47310089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236431
P. Arana
ABSTRACT This article analyzes the journeys of eleven African captives up to their arrival in the province of Antioquia in the northern part of the New Kingdom of Granada, where Spanish enslavers had introduced thousands of enslaved people, especially after the 1580 discovery of large gold deposits in Zaragoza. Based on the proof of sales provided in a lawsuit filed in 1589, the article traces the trans-Atlantic and intra-American journeys and, drawing on the terms used as surnames to distinguish the captives, examines the socio-political and economic contexts of the Upper Guinea Coast and Angola from which they came. Moreover, it analyzes the official and unofficial captive mobilities used by enslavers in the last decades of the sixteenth century to forcibly transport Africans through intra-American ports such as Concepción, Tolú, Santa Marta or Mompox to the newly discovered gold mines of Zaragoza in Antioquia.
{"title":"The Journeys of Eleven African Captives to the Mines of Antioquia, New Kingdom of Granada (1573-1589)","authors":"P. Arana","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236431","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This article analyzes the journeys of eleven African captives up to their arrival in the province of Antioquia in the northern part of the New Kingdom of Granada, where Spanish enslavers had introduced thousands of enslaved people, especially after the 1580 discovery of large gold deposits in Zaragoza. Based on the proof of sales provided in a lawsuit filed in 1589, the article traces the trans-Atlantic and intra-American journeys and, drawing on the terms used as surnames to distinguish the captives, examines the socio-political and economic contexts of the Upper Guinea Coast and Angola from which they came. Moreover, it analyzes the official and unofficial captive mobilities used by enslavers in the last decades of the sixteenth century to forcibly transport Africans through intra-American ports such as Concepción, Tolú, Santa Marta or Mompox to the newly discovered gold mines of Zaragoza in Antioquia.","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43785494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236432
Camillia Cowling
ABSTRACT This article explores the spatial politics of unfree Africans and their descendants who constructed Cuba's pioneering first railroads, and their interactions with those who inhabited the changing landscapes through which the lines ran. Railway workers and local enslaved populations collectively constructed ‘counter-maps’ of the worlds of the lines, repurposing slaveholder-designed spaces and infrastructures in ways that held rich, multiple social significances. While sources on railway construction often focus on male workers, the article explores how we can read between and beyond such documents to reveal women's specific spatial practices. Creative, contestatory forms of movement entwined closely in unfree people's lives with the profound racialised and gendered vulnerability to which mobility exposed them, and with their constant exposure to coerced movement. These tensions, the article argues, produced what we can call ‘precarious mobilities’.
{"title":"‘The People of All Kinds Who Walk Along the Lines’: The Precarious Mobilities of Unfree Workers on Cuba's Early Railroads","authors":"Camillia Cowling","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236432","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the spatial politics of unfree Africans and their descendants who constructed Cuba's pioneering first railroads, and their interactions with those who inhabited the changing landscapes through which the lines ran. Railway workers and local enslaved populations collectively constructed ‘counter-maps’ of the worlds of the lines, repurposing slaveholder-designed spaces and infrastructures in ways that held rich, multiple social significances. While sources on railway construction often focus on male workers, the article explores how we can read between and beyond such documents to reveal women's specific spatial practices. Creative, contestatory forms of movement entwined closely in unfree people's lives with the profound racialised and gendered vulnerability to which mobility exposed them, and with their constant exposure to coerced movement. These tensions, the article argues, produced what we can call ‘precarious mobilities’.","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41666570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239016
Clare Finburgh Delijani
with the meaning of race and resistance. There is little deep or rigorous engagement with Black intellectual history here, and as such Tomlins, much like Styron, is not able to truly understand Nat Turner or further illuminate his role in history. In his preface, Tomlins explicitly invites his readers to ‘assume your own critical standpoint in relation to the layers of narrative you will encounter... it is... for you to make of it whatever you wish’ (p. xi). Having done so, I can only conclude that while this book has a number of critical insights in its opening chapters, and provides a thought-provoking meditation on history, those wishing to understand the ‘actual Nat Turner’ in his own context should look elsewhere.
{"title":"Colonialism and Slavery in Performance: Theatre and the Eighteenth-Century French Caribbean","authors":"Clare Finburgh Delijani","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239016","url":null,"abstract":"with the meaning of race and resistance. There is little deep or rigorous engagement with Black intellectual history here, and as such Tomlins, much like Styron, is not able to truly understand Nat Turner or further illuminate his role in history. In his preface, Tomlins explicitly invites his readers to ‘assume your own critical standpoint in relation to the layers of narrative you will encounter... it is... for you to make of it whatever you wish’ (p. xi). Having done so, I can only conclude that while this book has a number of critical insights in its opening chapters, and provides a thought-provoking meditation on history, those wishing to understand the ‘actual Nat Turner’ in his own context should look elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41777978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236430
Bethan Fisk, J. L. Nafafé
Captivity and mobility are central conditions for understanding the historical experience of enslaved people in and between Africa, Europe, and the Americas from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Mobility played a crucial role in creating and entrenching slavery, the establishment of labour regimes, and the circulation of enslaved people’s knowledge. While the study of slavery and captivity has a longer history, mobility is increasingly a growth area in slavery studies and one examined across, between, and within oceans, continents, and regions. We collectively examine the relationship between slavery and mobility in the South Atlantic and its wider web of connections through four centuries. In doing so, we trace the changing laws, processes, and technologies that enslavers utilized to move captives and, in doing so, made the age of slavery. Just as enslavers used mobility to articulate their power and disrupt the making of place, captives of diverse ethnicities circulated knowledge and enacted freedoms as they moved between and created cultural worlds. This special issue emerged from the conference, ‘Captive Mobilities: Slavery, Freedom, and Knowledge Production in Latin America and Beyond,’ organized by us and held at the University of Bristol in September 2022, with the support of the Leverhulme Trust and the Society of Latin American Studies. While we came together as a group of historians who work principally on slavery and knowledge production in Latin America, Africa, and the South Atlantic, the focus on the mobilities of enslaved individuals follows the global, transoceanic, transcultural geographies and flows of slavery. Forced movement within Africa, to Europe, across the Atlantic, and around the Americas produced the condition of enslavement. The geographical breadth of the volume reflects the trajectories of enslaved individuals of African and indigenous descent that we study. We follow the mobilities of captives, around world and within regions, who frequently traversed traditional boundaries of continents, empire, and language. The individuals featured descended from and moved through territories now known as Angola, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea-Conakry,
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Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236437
D. Williams
Slavery relied on the violence of displacement – the incomprehension of being ripped from one’s community during a raid, the disorientation of being thrust in the darkness of a fortress cell, and the trauma of watching as one’s land became a faded horizon. This collection expands and deepens our knowledge of what generations of scholars have long established: that the violence of dislocation marked the bodies and the psyches of Black people. What the lens of captive mobilities offers is a framework to encapsulate the serial nature of this violence as slavery was made and remade with and by movement. As laws and customs attempted to keep pace with the ever-burgeoning institution, it adapted to modernity as locomotive tracks and steam engines opened up Cuba to a new era of slave investment. It united confederacy with empire, as Brazil clandestinely welcomed U.S slave owners who yearned for the perpetuation of their colonial fantasies. We see in these same histories how maroons created geographies by forcing Spaniards to take specific routes and how women marked the journeys of others as providers of sustenance, domestic duties, and care. Fear and reliance shaped these mobilities. While enslaved people considered which survival tactics to employ to lessen their exposure to harm and remapped hostile country sides, waterways, and cityscapes, they repurposed infrastructure, shared legal loopholes, and selectively offered their life stories to accommodate the demands of scribes and magistrates. With people illegally trafficked to the Global South, they forced slaveowners to consider and reconsider their thoughts on African Americans and Afro-Brazilians. Through their acts of piracy and marronage, they interrupted economies and set poorly staffed and meagerly provisioned militias on high alert. With ties that transcended borders, they forced slaveowners to appear in court to fight against their slaves who sought free soil. Enslaved Black and Indigenous people rarely gained their freedom through such maneuvering. However, they unsettled Spanish officials and disrupted the lives of slaveowners who callously uprooted and traumatized theirs. What held sway in Iberian legal culture shifted because slaves sought out legal redress. Spanish and Portuguese authorities debated what held greater
{"title":"Captive Mobilities: Movement, Slavery, and Knowledge Production in the Iberian World","authors":"D. Williams","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236437","url":null,"abstract":"Slavery relied on the violence of displacement – the incomprehension of being ripped from one’s community during a raid, the disorientation of being thrust in the darkness of a fortress cell, and the trauma of watching as one’s land became a faded horizon. This collection expands and deepens our knowledge of what generations of scholars have long established: that the violence of dislocation marked the bodies and the psyches of Black people. What the lens of captive mobilities offers is a framework to encapsulate the serial nature of this violence as slavery was made and remade with and by movement. As laws and customs attempted to keep pace with the ever-burgeoning institution, it adapted to modernity as locomotive tracks and steam engines opened up Cuba to a new era of slave investment. It united confederacy with empire, as Brazil clandestinely welcomed U.S slave owners who yearned for the perpetuation of their colonial fantasies. We see in these same histories how maroons created geographies by forcing Spaniards to take specific routes and how women marked the journeys of others as providers of sustenance, domestic duties, and care. Fear and reliance shaped these mobilities. While enslaved people considered which survival tactics to employ to lessen their exposure to harm and remapped hostile country sides, waterways, and cityscapes, they repurposed infrastructure, shared legal loopholes, and selectively offered their life stories to accommodate the demands of scribes and magistrates. With people illegally trafficked to the Global South, they forced slaveowners to consider and reconsider their thoughts on African Americans and Afro-Brazilians. Through their acts of piracy and marronage, they interrupted economies and set poorly staffed and meagerly provisioned militias on high alert. With ties that transcended borders, they forced slaveowners to appear in court to fight against their slaves who sought free soil. Enslaved Black and Indigenous people rarely gained their freedom through such maneuvering. However, they unsettled Spanish officials and disrupted the lives of slaveowners who callously uprooted and traumatized theirs. What held sway in Iberian legal culture shifted because slaves sought out legal redress. Spanish and Portuguese authorities debated what held greater","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42717666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239014
Alain El Youssef
research, most of which deal with racial slavery in the Atlantic world, the singularity of which is recalled again and again as well as slavery in Antiquity. Specialization is not by nature negative. Global, comparative history is illuminating, of course, which makes this book unique and necessary. It should develop, however, parallel to specialized research conducted on a more micro level of analysis. Even though the French historiography of slavery (in particular racial slavery) has dramatically expanded in the past 20 years, one should be wary of too strong a global turn that could, in the end, obscure the lives and intimate histories of enslaved people across time and space. Les mondes de l’esclavage, as Ismard explains in the introduction, does not mean to ignore enslaved agency and more generally the way enslaved people contributed to the making of the societies where they lived and worked and in which they played the role of major actors. It does not do that, but generalizations, comparisons and world histories can push the enslaved people to the background while creating a fantasy of ‘histoire totale’. Les mondes de l’esclavage is a must-read and the French global history trend in which it fits should be encouraged. It will be best used, however, if it fuels many more attempts at much needed specialized research. There is a nagging issue across the book. All the entries are followed by short bibliographies; however, many of the authors quoted or mentioned in the entries are not referenced in those bibliographies (take the example of Katherine Paugh in the ‘Démographie’ entry, p. 471). In the absence of footnotes, it complicates the possibility of checking references, all the more so since the book bibliography seems incomplete. Les mondes de l’esclavage. Une histoire comparée targets the general public as well as researchers. That may explain why referencing rules have been adapted in this way. Maybe the issue could be corrected in a second edition or in an English translation.
研究，其中大部分涉及大西洋世界的种族奴隶制，它的独特性被一次又一次地提起，就像古代的奴隶制一样。专业化本质上并不是消极的。当然，全球比较历史具有启发性，这使得这本书独特而必要。但是，它应该与在更微观的分析水平上进行的专门研究并行发展。尽管法国关于奴隶制(尤其是种族奴隶制)的史学在过去20年里有了戏剧性的发展，但人们应该警惕过于强烈的全球转向，因为它最终可能会模糊被奴役者的生活和亲密历史，跨越时空。正如Ismard在引言中所解释的那样，Les mondes de l ' clavage并不意味着忽视被奴役的能动性，更广泛地说，并不是忽视被奴役的人对他们生活和工作的社会的形成所做出的贡献，以及他们在其中扮演主要角色的方式。它没有做到这一点，但概括、比较和世界历史可以把被奴役的人推到背景，同时创造一种“历史故事”的幻想。Les mondes de l’esclavage是一本必读的书，应该鼓励它所符合的法国全球历史趋势。然而，如果它能在急需的专门研究中推动更多的尝试，那将是最好的利用。书中有一个令人困扰的问题。所有条目后面都有简短的参考书目;然而，条目中引用或提到的许多作者并没有在这些参考书目中被引用(以Katherine Paugh在“dsammographie”条目中的例子为例，第471页)。在没有脚注的情况下，检查参考文献的可能性变得复杂，尤其是在书目似乎不完整的情况下。Les mondes de l ' clavage。Une histoire comparae针对的是普通大众和研究人员。这也许可以解释为什么引用规则以这种方式进行了调整。也许这个问题可以在第二版或英文译本中加以纠正。
{"title":"Trouble of the World: Slavery and Empire in the Age of Capital","authors":"Alain El Youssef","doi":"10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239014","url":null,"abstract":"research, most of which deal with racial slavery in the Atlantic world, the singularity of which is recalled again and again as well as slavery in Antiquity. Specialization is not by nature negative. Global, comparative history is illuminating, of course, which makes this book unique and necessary. It should develop, however, parallel to specialized research conducted on a more micro level of analysis. Even though the French historiography of slavery (in particular racial slavery) has dramatically expanded in the past 20 years, one should be wary of too strong a global turn that could, in the end, obscure the lives and intimate histories of enslaved people across time and space. Les mondes de l’esclavage, as Ismard explains in the introduction, does not mean to ignore enslaved agency and more generally the way enslaved people contributed to the making of the societies where they lived and worked and in which they played the role of major actors. It does not do that, but generalizations, comparisons and world histories can push the enslaved people to the background while creating a fantasy of ‘histoire totale’. Les mondes de l’esclavage is a must-read and the French global history trend in which it fits should be encouraged. It will be best used, however, if it fuels many more attempts at much needed specialized research. There is a nagging issue across the book. All the entries are followed by short bibliographies; however, many of the authors quoted or mentioned in the entries are not referenced in those bibliographies (take the example of Katherine Paugh in the ‘Démographie’ entry, p. 471). In the absence of footnotes, it complicates the possibility of checking references, all the more so since the book bibliography seems incomplete. Les mondes de l’esclavage. Une histoire comparée targets the general public as well as researchers. That may explain why referencing rules have been adapted in this way. Maybe the issue could be corrected in a second edition or in an English translation.","PeriodicalId":46405,"journal":{"name":"Slavery & Abolition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43457182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2239017
Michelle Faubert
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Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2023.2236436
Selina Patel Nascimento
ABSTRACT This essay reveals the counter-history of the ‘countervoyage’ in the Luso-Atlantic world. Scholarly attention has recently concentrated on the Middle Passage, the westward West African-New World voyage of enslavement for millions of Africans. However, this article exposes constant captive maritime mobilities sailing east towards Europe from the Americas, conceptualized as the countervoyage, and explores how archival silences have obscured the multiplicity of captive geographic mobilities that resisted pre-defined routes for Black bodies. It examines how Black female place-making redefined the technology of Portuguese ocean-going vessels through corporeal positioning and use of Luso-Atlantic maritime space. Employing import tax collections, Inquisitorial processes and petitions for legal marriage to locate Afro-Brazilian women living in Portugal, this article argues that the countervoyage was particularly transformative in the lives of enslaved women in the Luso-Atlantic world, enabling them to chart alternate cartographies of transimperial diasporic activity. It concludes by considering how we might begin theorizing the counter-history of countervoyages to form a future conceptual and analytical tool (the ‘counter-voyage’) that effectively utilizes South Atlantic epistemologies for broader application.
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