Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Red and green defocus curves and duochrome test in different age groups","authors":"Riccardo Rolandi ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Zeri ,&nbsp;Alessandro Duse ,&nbsp;Giulia Carlotta Rizzo ,&nbsp;Erika Ponzini ,&nbsp;Silvia Tavazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To compare the eye defocus curves (DCs) obtained with stimuli on red, green, and white backgrounds and to investigate the applicability of the duochrome test (DT) in different age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>12 elderly (ELD: 59.3 ± 3.9 years) and 8 young (YG: 22.1 ± 1.1 years) subjects were recruited. An optometric assessment with the DT was carried out to obtain the subjective refraction at distance. DCs at distance on green, white, and red backgrounds were measured and the following parameters were deduced: dioptric difference between red-green, green-white, red-white focal positions (minima of the DCs), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and widths of the DCs for red, green, and white.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The DC difference between the green-white focal positions (mean ± standard deviation) was -0.12±0.17 diopters (D) (ELD, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.012) and -0.11±0.12 D (YG, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.039), while the red-white difference was not statistically significant. The DC red-green difference was 0.20±0.16 D (ELD, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.002) and 0.18±0.18 D (YG, <em>p</em> = 0.008). The ELD BCVA with green background was significantly worse than BCVA with red (<em>p</em> = 0.007) and white (<em>p</em> = 0.007). The mean value of the DC's width in ELD for green (1.01±0.36 D) was higher than for red (0.77±0.21 D) and for white (0.84±0.35 D), but with no statistical significance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both age groups showed a slight focusing preference for red when using white light. Moreover, ELD showed a worse BCVA with a green compared to a red background. Despite these results deduced by DC analyses, these aspects do not compromise the possibility of using the DT in clinical practice both in the young and in the elderly. Furthermore, the difference of about 0.20 D between red-green DC in both groups confirms the clinical appropriateness of the widespread use of 0.25 D step as the standard minimum difference in power between correcting lenses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000456/pdfft?md5=11b7b767f848d8e89bdf02cd0799c905&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000456-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual function correlates of self-reported vision-related nighttime driving difficulties","authors":"Samuel Bert Boadi-Kusi ,&nbsp;Princess Marie Aikins ,&nbsp;Ebenezer Zaabaar ,&nbsp;Anthony Gyimah Duku","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To investigate the visual function correlates of self-reported vision-related night driving difficulties among drivers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One hundred and seven drivers (age: 46.06 ± 8.24, visual acuity [VA] of 0.2logMAR or better) were included in the study. A standard vision and night driving questionnaire (VND-Q) was administered. VA and contrast sensitivity were measured under photopic and mesopic conditions. Mesopic VA was remeasured after introducing a peripheral glare source into the participants' field of view to enable computation of disability glare index. Regression analyses were used to assess the associations between VND-Q scores, and visual function measures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean VND-Q score was -3.96±1.95 logit (interval scale score: 2.46±1.28). Simple linear regression models for photopic contrast sensitivity, mesopic VA, mesopic contrast sensitivity, and disability index significantly predicted VND-Q score (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05), with mesopic VA and disability glare index accounting for the greatest variation (21 %) in VND-Q scores followed by photopic contrast sensitivity (19 %), and mesopic contrast sensitivity (15 %). A multiple regression model to determine the association between the predictors (photopic contrast sensitivity, mesopic VA, mesopic contrast sensitivity, and disability index) and VND-Q score yielded significant results, F (4, 102) = 8.58, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>adj. R²</em> = 0.2224. Seeing dark-colored cars was the most challenging vision task.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Changes in mesopic visual acuity, photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity, as well as disability glare index are associated with and explain night driving-related visual difficulties. It is recommended to incorporate measurement of these visual functions into assessments related to driving performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000547/pdfft?md5=8abb525f488bea61def96da142d2a29f&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000547-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of retinoscopy to examine peripheral refraction","authors":"Maciej Perdziak ,&nbsp;Krystian Prymula ,&nbsp;Anna Przekoracka–Krawczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study explored whether retinoscopy (RET) provides comparable results of relative peripheral refraction (RPR) to open–field autorefractometry (AR) in myopic subjects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Peripheral refraction was measured in 20 myopic and 20 control adult subjects. Both central and peripheral refraction (20° nasal and temporal eccentricity) were measured using RET and open-field AR. Differences in the median central spherical equivalent (SE), median RPR, and median J45/J180 power vectors between the RET and AR techniques were analyzed. Moreover, Bland – Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between RET and AR methods for RPR measurements in MG.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For MG, the median RPR values were positive (hyperopic shift), and no significant differences were observed between the RET and AR techniques with respect to RPR measurement. In addition, we did not observe any significant differences in the RPR values between the nasal and temporal eccentricities for either the RET or AR technique for myopic subjects. There was also a significant correlation and agreement between the RET and AR technique for RPR measurements. With respect to central refraction, the median SE was slightly more positive for the RET than for the AR technique. Inside the CG, we also found significant correlation between the RET and AR technique for RPR measurements, and we observed a myopic shift in peripheral eccentricities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results show that retinoscopy may be a useful tool for objective measurements of RPR in myopic subjects and may be used interchangeably with the open-field AR method in everyday clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000535/pdfft?md5=135f1ccf63fe1596af567bccae5c2c3d&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000535-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of anti-suppression therapy in improving binocular vision in children with small-angle Esotropia","authors":"Preeti Sharma,&nbsp;Shailja Tibrewal,&nbsp;Prem Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Suma Ganesh","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2023.100490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the efficacy of anti-suppression exercises in children with small-angle esotropia in achieving binocular vision.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective review of patients aged 3–8 years who underwent anti-suppression exercises for either monocular or alternate suppression between January 2016 and December 2021 was conducted. Patients with esotropia less than 15 prism diopters (PD) and visual acuity ≥ 6/12 were included. Patients with previous intra-ocular surgery or less than three-month follow-up were excluded. Success was defined as the development of binocular single vision (BSV) for distance, near, or both (measured clinically with either the 4 prism base out test or Worth four dot test) and maintained at two consecutive visits. Qualified success was defined as the presence of diplopia response for both distance and near. Additionally, improvement in near stereo acuity was measured using the Stereo Fly test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighteen patients with a mean age of 5.4 ± 1.38 years (range 3–8 years) at the time of initiation of exercises were included in the study. The male female ratio was 10:8. The mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.18 LogMAR unit(s) and the mean spherical equivalent was +3.8 ± 0.14 diopters (D). The etiology of the esotropia was fully accommodative refractive esotropia (8), microtropia (1), post–operative infantile esotropia (4), partially accommodative esotropia (1), and post-operative partially accommodative esotropia (4). Patients received either office-based, home-based, or both modes of treatment for an average duration of 4.8 months (range 3–8). After therapy, BSV was achieved for either distance or near in 66.6 % of patients (95 % CI = 40.03–93.31 %). Binocular single vision for both distance and near was seen in 50 % of children. Qualified success was observed in 38.46% of patients. Persistence of suppression was observed in one patient (5.5 %). Near stereopsis improved to 200 s of arc or more in 60% of the patients. The mean esotropia reduced from 5.7 ± 4.0 PD for distance and 6.2 ± 4.66 PD for near to 2.7 ± 2.4 PD and 3.38 ± 4.7 PD respectively, at the last follow-up (<em>p</em>-value 0.004 and 0.006). Failure of therapy was noticed after six months of follow-up in the child with infantile esotropia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Anti-suppression exercises may be beneficial to improve binocular vision functions in children with small-angle esotropias of variable etiologies. Recurrence of suppression after cessation of therapy is possible, warranting regular follow up.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000389/pdfft?md5=85274c84146e460060c509e5f6b21c9b&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138500823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citation network analysis on keratoconus","authors":"Cesar Villa-Collar ,&nbsp;Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ,&nbsp;Clara Martinez-Perez ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The high incidence of keratoconus has caused its management, etiology, and pathogenesis to be controversial topics in the ophthalmology field. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the different publications and authors through citation networks, as well as to identify the research areas and determine the most cited article.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The search for publications was carried out through the Web of Science database, using the term “Keratoconus” between 1900 and December 2022. The Citation Network Explorer and CiteSpace software were used for the publication analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>9,655 publications were found, with 124,379 citations generated on the network. The year with the highest number of publications was 2021. The most cited publication was “Keratoconus” by Rabinowitz, published in 1998. Cluster function gave five groups of research areas about keratoconus: corneal signs and parameters, cross-linking efficiency and effects, clinical factors, keratoplasty, and treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The citation network offers an objective and comprehensive analysis of the papers on keratoconus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000468/pdfft?md5=3b1611cb3623c7a9da142da6872e2046&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Maria Vinas-Pena","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2023.100504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000523/pdfft?md5=6703d275d63f5118991c1ee46992e61a&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000523-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National estimate and associated factors of myopia among schoolchildren in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Molla Yigzaw Birhanu ,&nbsp;Getamesay Molla Bekele ,&nbsp;Cheru Tesema Leshargie ,&nbsp;Selamawit Shita Jemberie","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2023.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Myopia is a global public health concern that has a significant socioeconomic and psychological impact on schoolchildren. If Myopic patients are not detected early, they are exposed to retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma. There have been previous studies conducted in Ethiopia, but there is significant inconsistency among studies. Hence, the aim of this study was to provide a single figure as well as associated factors for Myopia among Ethiopian schoolchildren.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The national and international databases and gray literature were searched for important research articles. This review included school-based cross-sectional studies that were reported in English. The data were extracted using Microsoft word and exported to Stata™ Version 17.0 statistical software for further management and analysis .The presence of heterogeneity was checked using Cochrane Q test via fixed effects model and presented by forest plots with 95% CI. Due to the presence of substantial heterogeneity, I² test using random effects model was computed to estimate the effect size. The existing heterogeneity among studies was explained by regional difference. To identify factors associated with myopia, meta regression was computed and significant factors was reported using OR with 95% CI.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, 12 studies with a total of 9688 schoolchildren were included. The national estimate of myopia among schoolchildren in Ethiopia was 6.49% (95%CI: 4.86, 8.12). Having family history of myopia (OR: 9.18, 95%CI: 3.5,24.02) and being female (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.98) were the identified factors associated with myopia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Myopia is one of the most prevalent childhood health condition in Ethiopia, which affects about one in every fourteen schoolchildren. Schoolchildren who had family history of myopia and being female were the identified risk factors of myopia among schoolchildren. Clinical and public engagement activities are needed to address the burden of myopia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000286/pdfft?md5=dcdbcad3cfb6876376f1e1d2c3f2f2d6&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000286-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of dry eye disease in the low vision population at the University of Colorado","authors":"Kaleb Abbott,&nbsp;Kara S. Hanson,&nbsp;James Lally","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the prevalence of diagnosed dry eye syndrome, meibomian gland dysfunction, and blepharitis amongst the low vision population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients seen in the University of Colorado Low Vision Rehabilitation Service between the dates of 12/1/2017 and 12/1/2022. 74 ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients as having dry eye syndrome or not having dry eye syndrome. Data was further analyzed to determine the prevalence of blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction using 29 blepharitis and 9 meibomian gland dysfunction ICD-10 codes. Data were also analyzed to determine the age and sex of the patients with diagnosed dry eye syndrome.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The percentage of patients with a diagnosis of dry eye syndrome by an eyecare provider was 38.02 %. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome by age group was 3.57 % for 0–19 years, 14.35 % for 20–39 years, 29.07 % for 40–59 years, 43.79 % for 60–79 years, and 46.21 % for 80 and above. The prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis was 11.90 % and 9.1 % respectively. Dry eye syndrome prevalence amongst males was 31.59 % and 42.47 % for females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that dry eye syndrome in the low vision population is a significant co-morbidity occurring in over a third of patients in the University of Colorado Low Vision Rehabilitation Service. These findings are meaningful as ocular comfort should not be overlooked while managing complex visual needs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000493/pdfft?md5=8b489d8ad98bf28ac2ff838b1ab0dd72&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000493-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72015697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring visual acuity and spherical refraction with smartphone screens emitting blue light","authors":"Rosa María Salmerón-Campillo ,&nbsp;Félix Tomás Varona-Gómez ,&nbsp;Mari Ogino ,&nbsp;Stephen Hunter ,&nbsp;Vincent Hussey ,&nbsp;Donny W. Suh ,&nbsp;Rujuta Gore ,&nbsp;Mateusz Jaskulski ,&nbsp;Norberto López-Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>A periodical self-monitoring of spherical refraction using smartphones may potentially allow a quicker intervention by eye care professionals to reduce myopia progression. Unfortunately, at low levels of myopia, the far point (FP) can be located far away from the eye which can make interactions with the device difficult. To partially remedy this issue, a novel method is proposed and tested wherein the longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of blue light is leveraged to optically bring the FP closer to the eye.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Firstly, LCA was obtained by measuring spherical refraction subjectively using blue pixels in stimuli shown on organic light-emitting diode (OLED) screens and also grey stimuli with matching luminance. Secondly, the visual acuity (VA) measured with a smartphone located at 1.0 m and 1.5 m and displaying blue optotypes was compared with that obtained clinically standard measurements. Finally, the spherical over refraction obtained in blue light with a smartphone was compared with clinical over-refraction with black and white (B&amp;W) optotypes placed at 6 m.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean LCA of blue OLED smartphone screens was −0.67 ± 0.11 D. No significant differences (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) were found between the VA measured with blue optotypes on a smartphone screen and an eye chart. Mean difference between spherical over-refraction measured subjectively by experienced subjects with smartphones and the one obtained clinically was 0.08 ± 0.34 D.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Smartphones using blue light can be used as a tool to detect changes in visual acuity and spherical refraction and facilitate monitoring of myopia progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888429623000420/pdfft?md5=d70ca5c2f5a333e0a5f081b4f16a9f1d&pid=1-s2.0-S1888429623000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicone oil insulation effects on flash electroretinogram and visual evoked potential in patients with retinal detachment","authors":"Anastasia Papachristou ,&nbsp;Argiri Lambraki ,&nbsp;Trisevgeni Giannakopoulou ,&nbsp;Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris ,&nbsp;Sotiris Plainis","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Silicone oil is used as endotamponade following vitreoretinal surgery to maintain the retina reattached when indicated. This study investigates the hypothesis that silicone oil causes insulation effects on the retina by affecting its response to light.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Electrophysiological responses to a flash stimulus were recorded using full-field electroretinography (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP). Recordings were performed in 9 patients who underwent surgery for retinal detachment, before (1–2 days) and after (2–3 weeks) silicone oil removal (SOR) in both the study and the control eye. Flash ERG and VEP recordings were performed according to the ISCEV standard protocol.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Statistically significant differences were found in the study eye in the amplitudes of the ERG responses and their corresponding ratios, i.e. the amplitude after SOR over the amplitude before SOR, in all conditions tested. No differences were observed in the control eye. The mean ratio of photopic ERG response was 3.4 ± 2.4 for the study and 1.0 ± 0.3 for the control eye (<em>p</em>&lt;0.001). The mean ratio of ERG flicker response was 3.1 ± 2.4 and 1.0 ± 0.3, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.003). Scotopic flash ERG ratio was 5.0 ± 4.4 for the study and 1.3 ± 0.6 for the control eye (<em>p</em> = 0.012). No differences were observed for the amplitude and latency of flash VEP response after SOR.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Silicone oil causes a reduction in flash ERG responses; no effect was found on flash VEP responses. ERGs in eyes filled with silicone oil should not be considered representative of retinal functionality, in contrast to VEPs, which are not affected by silicone oil presence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S188842962300050X/pdfft?md5=cc7affeb50929090883f1478b39c323d&pid=1-s2.0-S188842962300050X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}