Journal of Optometry最新文献_第4页

Author response to ” Comment on: Photosensitivity and filter efficacy in albinism” JOPTOM-D-23-00096 作者对“评论：白化病的感光性和滤镜功效”JOPTOM-D2-3-0096的回应。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100503

Joaquim Torner Jordana , Tanja Hansen , Line Kessel

引用次数: 0

The influence of the tear film on the intraocular pressure and the corneal biomechanical properties analyzed with the Ocular Response Analyzer 应用眼反应分析仪分析泪膜对眼压和角膜生物力学特性的影响。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100488

Filipe Da Silva, João M. M Linhares, Madalena Lira

Purpose

As ocular dryness and glaucoma are more prevalent with increasing age, understanding how the tear film affects tonometry is important. The present study aims to understand the impact that changes in the tear film have on intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal hysteresis, and corneal resistance factor measurements.

Methods

Cross-sectional research was conducted and 37 patients were assessed. The tear film lipid layer and the non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) were evaluated using the Tearscope Plus (Keeler, Windsor, UK). Dry eye symptoms were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. IOP was measured using rebound tonometry and the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA, Reichert). Corneal biomechanical properties were measured using ORA.

Results

It was found that an increase in the IOP measured with the iCare was directly correlated with the subclass that evaluated symptomatology associated with environmental factors (r = 0.414, p<0.05, Spearman). Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg) and Corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) values were statistically significantly different between the various interferometric patterns (p<0.05). It was also found that an increase in the corneal biomechanical properties measured with ORA was directly correlated with the overall scores obtained when using the OSDI and some of its subclasses.

Conclusions

Tear film interferometric patterns were shown to have some impact on the IOP measured using ORA. The IOP measured with iCare seems to be related to the symptomatology obtained from OSDI. Corneal biomechanical properties were related to the OSDI total score and some of its subclasses. An increase in symptomatology was associated with an increase in the measured biomechanical properties of the cornea.

目的：随着年龄的增长，眼干燥和青光眼越来越普遍，了解泪膜如何影响眼压测量很重要。本研究旨在了解泪膜的变化对眼压（IOP）、角膜滞后和角膜阻力因子测量的影响。方法：对37例患者进行横断面调查。使用Tearscope Plus（Keeler，Windsor，UK）评估泪膜脂质层和非侵入性破裂时间（NIBUT）。使用眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷评估干眼症症状。使用回弹眼压计和眼反应分析仪（ORA，Reichert）测量眼压。使用ORA测量角膜生物力学特性。结果：发现iCare测量的IOP的增加与评估与环境因素相关的症状的亚类直接相关（r=0.414，P结论：泪膜干涉图显示对ORA测量的眼压有一定影响。iCare测量的眼压似乎与OSDI获得的症状学有关。角膜生物力学特性与OSDI总分及其某些亚类有关。症状学的增加与测量的生物测量的增加有关角膜的圆锥形特性。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical reading-related oculomotor assessment in visual snow syndrome 视觉雪综合征的临床阅读相关动眼率评估。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100500

Barry Tannen , Alina Sample , Kenneth J. Ciuffreda , Noah M. Tannen

Purpose

Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a complex neurological condition presenting with an array of sensory, motor, and perceptual dysfunctions and related visual and non-visual symptoms. Recent laboratory studies have found subtle, basic, saccadic-based abnormalities in this population. The objective of the present investigation was to determine if saccadic-related problems could be confirmed and extended using three common clinical reading-related eye movement tests having well-developed protocols and normative databases.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of 32 patients (ages 16–56 years) diagnosed with VSS in the first author's optometric practice. There was a battery of three reading-related tests: the Visagraph Reading Eye Movement Test, the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) Test, and the RightEye Dynamic Vision Assessment Test, all performed using their standard documented protocols and large normative databases.

Results

A high frequency of oculomotor deficits was found with all three tests. The greatest percentage was revealed with the Visagraph (56%) and the least with the RightEye (23%). A total of 77% of patients failed at least one of the three tests.

Conclusion

The present findings confirm and extend earlier investigations revealing a high frequency of saccadic-based oculomotor problems in the VSS population, now including reading-related tasks. This is consistent with the more general oculomotor/motor problems found in these individuals.

目的：视雪综合征（VSS）是一种复杂的神经系统疾病，表现为一系列感觉、运动和感知功能障碍以及相关的视觉和非视觉症状。最近的实验室研究已经在这一人群中发现了细微的、基本的、基于扫视的异常。本研究的目的是确定是否可以使用三种常见的临床阅读相关眼动测试来确认和扩展扫视相关问题，这些测试具有完善的协议和规范的数据库。方法：对第一作者的验光实践中诊断为VSS的32名患者（年龄16-56岁）进行回顾性分析。有三项与阅读相关的测试：维萨卡阅读眼动测试、发展性眼动测试和右眼动态视力评估测试，所有这些测试都使用其标准记录协议和大型规范数据库进行。结果：在所有三项测试中都发现了高频率的动眼神经缺陷。Visagrap显示的百分比最高（56%），右眼显示的百分比最低（23%）。总共77%的患者在三项测试中至少有一项失败。结论：本研究结果证实并扩展了早期的研究，揭示了VSS人群中高频率的基于扫视的眼动问题，现在包括阅读相关任务。这与在这些人身上发现的更常见的动眼器/运动问题一致。

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引用次数: 0

A systematic review of the impact of childhood vision impairment on reading and literacy in education 儿童视力障碍对教育中阅读和识字的影响的系统综述。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100495

Lynne Loh, Mallika Prem-Senthil, Paul A. Constable

Purpose

This systematic review evaluates current literature on the impact vision impairment has on reading and literacy levels within education.

Methods

Six databases were searched with inclusion criteria of trials or studies involving children who are blind or vision impaired, and impact on academic or school performance – including reading and literacy. 1262 articles were identified, with 61 papers undergoing full screening. Quality appraisal was performed using Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) and seven articles deemed eligible for inclusion.

Results

Included articles achieved a quality score of over 70 % using the CASP checklists. Direct comparison of articles was not possible due to methodological differences in assessing reading and literacy levels. All seven studies investigated aspects of reading speed, with additional measures of reading performance, such as reading reserve, comprehension, and reading accuracy.

Discussion

Underlying trends highlighted students with a vision impairment do not perform at same level as their normally sighted peers with respect to reading performance - in terms of speed, but not ability. Additionally, early intervention to enhance literacy skills may help improve educational outcomes. Future direction should be aimed at identifying specific obstacles to learning these students face and providing interventions to improve academic outcomes.

目的：本系统综述评估了当前关于视力障碍对教育中阅读和识字水平影响的文献。方法：在六个数据库中搜索涉及盲人或视力受损儿童的试验或研究的纳入标准，以及对学业或学校表现的影响，包括阅读和识字。1262篇文章被鉴定，其中61篇论文正在进行全面筛选。使用关键评估技能计划（CASP）和七篇被认为符合入选条件的文章进行质量评估。结果：使用CASP检查表，收录文章的质量得分超过70%。由于评估阅读和识字水平的方法差异，无法直接比较文章。所有七项研究都调查了阅读速度的各个方面，并对阅读表现进行了额外的测量，如阅读储备、理解和阅读准确性。讨论：潜在趋势强调，视力受损的学生在阅读表现方面与视力正常的同龄人表现不一样——在速度方面，但在能力方面。此外，提高识字技能的早期干预可能有助于改善教育成果。未来的方向应该是确定这些学生在学习方面面临的具体障碍，并提供干预措施来提高学业成绩。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis 计算机视觉综合征的患病率：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100482

Fabricio Ccami-Bernal , David R. Soriano-Moreno , Milton A. Romero-Robles , Fernanda Barriga-Chambi , Kimberly G. Tuco , Sharong D. Castro-Diaz , Janeth N. Nuñez-Lupaca , Josmel Pacheco-Mendoza , Tomas Galvez-Olortegui , Vicente A. Benites-Zapata

Purpose

This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of computer vision syndrome (CVS) in the general population and subgroups.

Methods

A search was conducted in the following the databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science until February 13, 2023. We included studies that assessed the prevalence of CVS in any population. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of CVS was done using a random-effects model, assessing the sources of heterogeneity using subgroup and meta-regression analyses.

Results

A total of 103 cross-sectional studies with 66 577 participants were included. The prevalence of CVS was 69.0% (95% CI: 62.3 to 75.3; I²: 99.7%), ranging from 12.1 to 97.3% across studies. Point prevalence was higher in women than in men (71.4 vs. 61.8%), university students (76.1%), Africa (71.2%), Asia (69.9%), contact lens wearers (73.1% vs. 63.8%) in studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic (72.8%), and in those that did not use the CVS-Q questionnaire (75.4%). In meta-regression, using the CVS-Q scale was associated with a lower prevalence of CVS.

Conclusion

Seven out of ten people suffer from CVS. Preventive strategies and interventions are needed to decrease the prevalence of this condition which can affect productivity and quality of life. Future studies should standardize a definition of CVS.

目的：本综述旨在评估计算机视觉综合征（CVS）在普通人群和亚组中的患病率。方法：在以下数据库中进行搜索：PubMed、SCOPUS、EMBASE和Web of Science，直到2023年2月13日。我们纳入了评估任何人群中CVS患病率的研究。乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评估工具用于评估方法质量。使用随机效应模型对CVS患病率进行荟萃分析，使用亚组和元回归分析评估异质性来源。结果：共纳入103项横断面研究，共有66577名参与者。CVS的患病率为69.0%（95%CI:62.3至75.3；I2:99.7%），各研究的患病率在12.1%至97.3%之间。在新冠肺炎大流行前进行的研究中，女性的点患病率高于男性（71.4%对61.8%）、大学生（76.1%）、非洲（71.2%）、亚洲（69.9%）、隐形眼镜佩戴者（73.1%对63.8%）（72.8%）和未使用CVS-Q问卷的人（75.4%），使用CVS-Q量表与较低的CVS患病率相关。结论：十分之七的人患有CVS。需要采取预防策略和干预措施来降低这种可能影响生产力和生活质量的疾病的流行率。未来的研究应该将CVS的定义标准化。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of active vision therapy compared to conventional patching therapy on visual acuity and stereoacuity in children with amblyopia 主动视觉治疗与传统补缀治疗对弱视儿童视力和立体视觉的影响。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100484

Rinkal Suwal , Mahesh Kumar Dev , Bijay Khatri , Deepak Khadka , Arjun Shrestha , Samata Sharma , Madan Prasad Upadhyay

Purpose

To compare improvements in visual acuity (VA) and stereoacuity between active vision therapy (AVT) and conventional patching therapy in children with amblyopia.

Methods

This study included 65 children aged 5 to 16 years (mean age±SD, 11.00±3.29 years) with unilateral amblyopia. Among them, 31 children underwent active vision therapy (AVT group), and 34 children underwent conventional patching therapy (patching group). AVT group underwent three sequential phases of AVT: Monocular phase (pursuit, saccades, fixation, visuomotor, eye-hand coordination, and central peripheral activities), biocular phase (diplopia awareness, antisuppression, monocular fixation in a binocular field, accommodative activities, bilateral integration, and fine motor activities) and binocular phase (fusion and stereopsis). Patching group patched their fellow eyes as per guidelines by Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group. Best-corrected monocular VA and stereoacuity were measured at baseline and after three months of therapy in both groups.

Results

There were significant improvements in the mean acuities in amblyopic eye (AE) in both AVT (0.32±0.11 logMAR, p <0.001) and patching groups (0.27±0.19 logMAR, p ˂ 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in mean acuity gains in AE between AVT and patching groups (p = 0.059). Mean gains in stereoacuities (log seconds of arc) were statistically significant in both AVT (0.81±0.34, p < 0.001) and patching groups (0.32±0.34, p < 0.001). The stereoacuity gain in the AVT group was significantly higher compared to patching group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Active vision therapy had a better impact than conventional patching therapy in terms of improvement of stereoacuity but not in terms of VA when used for treating children with amblyopia.

目的：比较主动视觉治疗（AVT）和常规补缀治疗对弱视儿童视力（VA）和立体视觉的改善。方法：本研究纳入65例5～16岁（平均年龄±SD，11.00±3.29岁）单侧弱视儿童。其中31名儿童接受主动视觉治疗（AVT组），34名儿童接受常规修补治疗（修补组）。AVT组经历了AVT的三个连续阶段：单眼期（追踪、扫视、注视、视觉运动、眼手协调和中枢外周活动）、生物眼期（复视意识、反压迫、双眼视野中的单眼注视、调节活动、双侧整合和精细运动活动）和双眼期（融合和立体视觉）。根据儿科眼病研究小组的指导方针，修补小组为他们的同伴补上了眼睛。两组在基线和治疗三个月后测量最佳矫正单眼VA和立体视力。结果：两种AVT的弱视眼平均视力均有显著改善（0.32±0.11logMAR，p）。结论：主动视觉治疗儿童弱视时，在立体视锐度方面比传统补片治疗有更好的效果，但在VA方面没有。

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引用次数: 0

Epithelial and stromal thickness profile and lens decentration in myopic orthokeratology 近视角膜塑形术中上皮和间质厚度分布和晶状体分散

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100485

J. González-Pérez , A. Sánchez-García , M.A. Parafita

Purpose

To study topographic epithelial and total corneal thickness changes in myopic subjects undergoing successful orthokeratology treatment in connection with the objective assessment of contact lens decentration.

Methods

A prospective-observational and non-randomized study in 32 Caucasian myopic eyes undergoing Ortho-k for 3 months. Total, epithelial, and stromal thicknesses were studied before and after Ortho-k treatment, using optical coherence tomography with anterior segment application software. Central, paracentral, and mid-peripheral values are taken along 8 semi-meridians.

Results

The central average total corneal thickness was 4.72 ± 1.04 μm thinner after Ortho-K. The paracentral corneal thickness showed no significant changes (p = 0.137), while the mid-peripheral corneal thickness was increased by 3.25 ± 1.6 μm associating this increase exclusively to the epithelial plot (p<0.001). When lens centration was assessed, a lens fitting decentration less than 1.0 mm was found for the whole sample, predominantly horizontal-temporal (87.5%) and vertical-inferior (50%) decentring. Corneal topographical analysis revealed a horizontal and vertical epithelial thickness asymmetric change profile with paracentral temporal thinnest values, and mid-peripheral nasal thickest values.

Conclusions

The present study found a central corneal thinning induced by Ortho-k lenses in subjects with moderate myopia, only associated with a change in epithelial thickness, as well as mid-peripheral thickening, that seems to be mainly epithelial in origin. The authors also found a tendency of contact lens decentration toward temporal and inferior areas conditioning an asymmetric epithelial redistribution pattern.

目的研究成功接受角膜塑形术治疗的近视受试者角膜地形上皮和总厚度的变化，并对隐形眼镜偏心进行客观评估。方法采用前瞻性、观察性和非随机研究方法，对32只高加索近视眼进行Ortho-k手术3个月。在Ortho-k治疗前后，使用光学相干断层扫描和前段应用软件研究总厚度、上皮厚度和基质厚度。中央、中央旁和中周缘值沿8条半经线取。结果Ortho-K术后角膜中央平均总厚度薄4.72±1.04μm。中央旁角膜厚度没有显示出显著变化（p=0.137），而中周边角膜厚度增加了3.25±1.6μm，这一增加仅与上皮图有关（p<；0.001）。当评估晶状体浓度时，发现整个样本的晶状体拟合偏心小于1.0 mm，以水平颞侧（87.5%）和垂直下（50%）偏心为主。角膜地形图分析显示，水平和垂直上皮厚度不对称变化，中央旁颞侧最薄值和中外周鼻腔最厚值。结论本研究发现，在中度近视受试者中，Ortho-k透镜诱导的中央角膜变薄仅与上皮厚度的变化以及中周增厚有关，这似乎主要是上皮起源。作者还发现，隐形眼镜有向颞部和下部区域偏心的趋势，这决定了不对称的上皮再分配模式。

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引用次数: 0

Quality of life assessment for nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular patients before and after cataract surgery 核性、皮质性、后囊下白内障患者手术前后的生活质量评估

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100489

Zane Jansone-Langina , Andrei Solomatin , Maksims Solomatins , Gunta Krumina

Purpose

The impact of visual outcomes of cataract surgery can be measured using a questionnaire. The aim of our study was to evaluate how patient quality of life changes after cataract surgery and if there are differences between the responses of patients with nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular cataracts, which has not been studied before.

Method

We studied 210 cataract patients who were divided into 3 cataract groups based on their cataract type: nuclear (n = 80), cortical (n = 70), and posterior subcapsular (PSC) (n = 60). The patients completed the Visual Function Index (VF-14) questionnaire before, 2 weeks and 1 month after bilateral cataract surgery. The results were analysed using one-way ANOVA (significance level 5 %) and were compared over time and between the cataract groups.

Results

Before the cataract surgery, cortical cataract patients had the lowest questionnaire score compared to nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract groups (p = 0.08). After cataract surgery, cortical cataract patients experienced the greatest improvement in near distance daily activities, while PSC cataract patients experienced the greatest improvement in far distance daily activities (p = 0.38). Before surgery, nuclear cataract patients had the highest questionnaire scores compared to the other cataract groups (p = 0.08).

Conclusion

At the 1 month follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences in questionnaire scores between the cataract groups for any of the questions. Overall, cortical cataract patients showed a trend to experience the greatest subjective improvement in quality of life after cataract removal, followed by nuclear and posterior subcapsular patients.

目的白内障手术对视觉效果的影响可以通过问卷调查来衡量。我们研究的目的是评估白内障手术后患者的生活质量如何变化，以及核白内障、皮质白内障和后囊下白内障患者的反应是否存在差异，这是以前从未研究过的。方法对210例白内障患者进行研究，根据其白内障类型分为3组：核型（n=80）、皮质型（n=70）和后囊下型（PSC）（n=60）。患者在双侧白内障手术前、手术后2周和1个月完成了视觉功能指数（VF-14）问卷调查。使用单因素方差分析（显著性水平为5%）对结果进行分析，并随时间和白内障组之间进行比较。结果白内障手术前，皮质性白内障患者的问卷得分低于核白内障组和后囊下白内障组（p=0.08），而PSC白内障患者在远距离日常活动方面的改善最大（p=0.38）。与其他白内障组相比，核性白内障患者在手术前的问卷得分最高（p=0.08）。结论在1个月的随访中，白内障组之间的问卷得分在任何问题上都没有统计学上的显著差异。总的来说，皮质性白内障患者在白内障摘除后的生活质量有最大的主观改善趋势，其次是核性白内障和后囊下白内障患者。

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引用次数: 0

Comment on: Photosensitivity and filter efficacy in albinism 评论:白化病的光敏性和滤光器功效

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100499

Mahendra Singh , Suraj Kumar Chaurasiya , Ashish Chander , Radhika

引用次数: 0

Myopia progression in children during home confinement in the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis 新冠肺炎大流行期间儿童在家分娩期间近视进展：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 Q1 Health Professions

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100493

Daisy Laan , Emily T.C. Tan , Paulien I. Huis in het Veld , Hinke Marijke Jellema , Kevin Jenniskens

Purpose

Myopia is a growing pandemic, especially in children, who risk low vision later in life. Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased myopia progression through increased screentime, decreased time outdoors and increased near work activities. The aim of this study is to compare progression of myopia in children during home confinement period in the COVID-19 pandemic with pre-COVID-19 progression.

Methods

On January 2023 PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane were searched for relevant studies. Studies meeting the following criteria were eligible for inclusion: children (under 18 years), home confinement due to COVID-19, spherical equivalent refractive (SER) and axial length (AL) measurements and a follow-up period to measure progression. Quality appraisal was performed by two reviewers independently using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cohort studies. Outcomes for myopia were assessed through meta-analysis, analyzing SER (random effects) and AL (fixed effects).

Results

Hundred and two articles were identified in the search, of which five studies were included in the analysis. Risk of bias is moderate with a few critical flaws in the studies. Myopia progressed more rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, both in terms of SER (-0.83D [95 %CI, −1.22, −0.43] and AL (0.36 mm [95 %CI, 0.13, 0.39]).

Conclusion

Progression of myopia during the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated more rapidly compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Impact of home confinement on myopia may be considered when future lockdown measures are being contemplated.

目的：近视是一种日益严重的流行病，尤其是在儿童中，他们在以后的生活中有视力低下的风险。新冠肺炎大流行期间的家庭监禁可能会通过增加筛查时间、减少户外时间和增加近距离工作活动来增加近视进展。本研究的目的是比较新冠肺炎大流行期间儿童在家分娩期间近视的进展情况与新冠肺炎前的进展情况。方法：于2023年1月检索PubMed、EMBASE和Cochrane的相关研究。符合以下标准的研究有资格入选：儿童（18岁以下）、新冠肺炎导致的家庭监禁、球面等效折射率（SER）和轴长（AL）测量以及测量进展的随访期。质量评估由两名评审员独立使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的队列研究工具进行。通过荟萃分析，分析SER（随机效应）和AL（固定效应），评估近视的疗效。结果：检索到102篇文章，其中5项研究被纳入分析。偏倚的风险是中等的，研究中有一些关键的缺陷。在SER（-0.83D[95%CI，-1.22，-0.43]和AL（0.36 mm[95%CI（0.13，0.39]））方面，与新冠肺炎之前相比，新冠肺炎大流行期间近视的进展更快。在考虑未来的封锁措施时，可能会考虑家庭禁闭对近视的影响。

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引用次数: 0