Journal of Optometry最新文献

英文中文

Objective measurements of digital habits in a university population and their relationship with refraction and axial length

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2025.100536

Félix Tomás Varona-Gómez , Rosa María Salmerón-Campillo , Vicente Fernández-Sánchez , Mateusz Jaskulski , Ginés Martínez-Ros , José Ángel Díaz-Guirado , Norberto López-Gil

Purpose

To evaluate the relationship between myopia and potential "myopiagenic" digital habits (excessive screen time, near face-device distance or low ambient light level).

Methods

82 university students (21 ± 3 years) underwent a comprehensive optometric examination, including subjective refraction and axial length (AL) measurements. Digital habits were objectively measured using a mobile application (app) capturing screen time, face-device distance, ambient light level and number of interruptions larger than 20″ per day (called "events").

Results

The collection of 40 M data points showed mean values: 57 ± 40 min of daily screen time, 355 ± 67 mm of face-device distance, 305 ± 215 lux of ambient light level and 52 ± 32 events. No correlation was found between spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and digital habits. Particularly, SER was more negative for greater screen times, nearer face-device distances, lower light levels or more events. AL was inversely correlated with SER decrease. Correlation coefficients were very weak (R < 0.14) in all cases.

Conclusions

The app quantified smartphone-based digital habits in a university population. The study revealed weak correlations between digital habits and myopia, indicating that longer-duration studies in a greater population are needed to obtain powerful correlation coefficients.

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引用次数: 0

Real–world outcomes on myopia management efficacy of diverse segmented defocus optics (DSDO) and defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in Chinese children: An initial 12–month prospective clinical study 不同节段离焦光学（DSDO）和离焦合并多节段（DIMS）眼镜镜片对中国儿童近视治疗效果的实际结果：一项为期12个月的初步前瞻性临床研究。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100533

Yuzhuo Fan , Huihui Chu , Zisu Peng , Jingwei Zhou , Jiahui Ma , Yuchang Lu , Chenxu Zhao , Yanyan Wang , Qiulin Deng , Jifeng Yu , Yan Li , Kai Wang , Mingwei Zhao

Purposes

To investigate the 12–month effectiveness of Diverse Segmented Defocus Optics (DSDO) and Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in a real–world clinical population in myopic and pre–myopic Chinese children.

Methods

About 364 subjects prescribed DSDO or DIMS were enrolled. Axial length (AL) and cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) changes over 12 months were measured. The subjects were further divided into age sub–group (6–9; 10–14) and SER sub–group (+0.75D≤SER<–0.50D; –0.50D≤SER<–2.00D; –2.00D≤SER<–4.00D; SER≤–4.0D). Contrast sensitivity and visual experience were also reported. The rate of myopia progression was compared with historical single–vision spectacles (SVS) lenses data to evaluate the effectiveness of the regime.

Results

317 subjects were analyzed. At 12–month, AL changes in the DSDO and DIMS group were 0.16±0.16 mm and 0.21±0.22 mm, respectively (P = 0.0202). DSDO spectacle lenses had better control effect in +0.75D≤SER<–0.50D and SER≤–2.0D sub–groups. The proportion of participants had no greater than 0.20 mm AL elongation was 65.00% and 55.41% of in DSDO and DIMS group separately. Myopia control effect in DSDO group was 47%–69% and 33%–62% in DIMS group compared to historical SVS lenses.

Conclusions

Both DSDO and DIMS spectacle lenses retarded AL elongation. DSDO showed more stable myopia control effect comparing to DIMS, especially in groups of SER≤–2.0D sub–groups and older patients. DSDO showed initial potential myopia prevention effect in pre–myopic children compared with historical SVS lenses data. However, the small sample and no control group in pre–myopes of this study are key limitations. Further research is needed to confirm and understand DSDO's role for pre–myopic children.

目的在中国近视和近视前期儿童的实际临床人群中，研究多元分段离焦光学镜片（DSDO）和离焦多分段整合光学镜片（DIMS）12个月的有效性：招募了约 364 名配戴 DSDO 或 DIMS 镜片的受试者。测量12个月内轴向长度（AL）和球面等效屈光度（SER）的变化。受试者被进一步分为年龄亚组（6-9 岁；10-14 岁）和 SER 亚组（+0.75D≤SERResults）：对 317 名受试者进行了分析。12个月时，DSDO组和DIMS组的AL变化分别为0.16±0.16毫米和0.21±0.22毫米（P = 0.0202）。DSDO眼镜片对+0.75D≤SER结论的控制效果更好：DSDO和DIMS眼镜片都能延缓AL伸长。与 DIMS 相比，DSDO 显示出更稳定的近视控制效果，尤其是在 SER≤-2.0D 亚组和年龄较大的患者中。与 SVS 镜片的历史数据相比，DSDO 在近视前儿童中显示出初步的潜在近视预防效果。然而，这项研究的主要局限是样本较少，而且没有近视前的对照组。要确认和了解 DSDO 对近视前儿童的作用，还需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Comment on: “Mean cycloplegic refractive error in emmetropic adults: The Tehran eye study” 评论：《德黑兰眼科研究：准斜视成人的平均单眼麻痹性屈光不正》。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100532

Suraj Kumar Chaurasiya, M. Optom

引用次数: 0

Influence of lens thickness on the accommodative range in healthy eyes 晶状体厚度对健康眼调节范围的影响。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100528

Louise Vermeulen , Carina Koppen , Luc Van Os , Barbara K. Pierscionek , Jos J. Rozema

Background

The maximum accommodative range is a useful indication of visual function. It decreases with age, but the exact cause of this decrease is not fully understood. It is associated with the increasing rigidity of the lens and changes to the lens shape, as well as the geometry of the zonular attachments. This work aims to determine the relationship between the accommodative range and lens shape in a group of healthy young adults.

Methods

This study includes 40 emmetropic participants between 20 and 30 years of age. They filled in a questionnaire and underwent accommodation measurements using the RAF Convergence Rule and the Negative Lens Test. After a drop of Tropicamide 0.5 % and Cyclopentolate 1 %, participants underwent measurements with autorefractor, Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR, Oculus), anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography and optical biometry.

Results

The accommodative range did not correlate significantly (p > 0.05) with any of the lenticular or ocular parameters considered, such as lens thickness, lens radii of curvature, axial length, or corneal power.

Conclusion

The crystalline lens shape does not affect the accommodative range of the eye. This may be due to the smaller deformation required to bring a thicker lens to the same level of accommodation as a thinner lens. The amount of force on the zonular fibres may therefore be similar, in all lenses, regardless of the lens shape.

背景：最大调节范围是一种有用的视觉功能指标。它随着年龄的增长而减少，但这种减少的确切原因尚不完全清楚。它与晶状体的刚性增加和晶状体形状的变化以及带状附件的几何形状有关。这项工作旨在确定一组健康的年轻人的调节范围和晶状体形状之间的关系。方法：本研究包括40名年龄在20 - 30岁之间的非斜视患者。他们填写了一份调查问卷，并使用RAF收敛规则和负透镜测试进行了适应性测量。在滴入0.5%的Tropicamide和1%的Cyclopentolate后，参与者接受了自折射仪、Scheimpflug断层扫描（Pentacam HR, Oculus）、前段光学相干断层扫描和光学生物测量。结果：调节范围与晶状体或眼参数，如晶状体厚度、晶状体曲率半径、晶状体轴长或角膜度数均无显著相关性（p>0.05）。结论：晶状体的形状不影响眼睛的调节范围。这可能是由于使较厚的透镜达到与较薄透镜相同的调节水平所需的较小变形。因此，无论晶状体的形状如何，所有的晶状体对带状纤维的作用力都是相似的。

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引用次数: 0

Quantification of visual acuity: “Counting fingers” and “Hand movement” with the Berkeley Rudimentary Vision Test

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100531

Alba Herrero , Halima Berrada , Rafael I. Barraquer , Ralph Michael

Purpose

This study aims to compare the results of the Finger Count Test (FCT) for “Counting fingers” (CF) and “Hand movement” (HM) with the visual acuity (VA) obtained from the Berkeley Rudimentary Vision Test (BRVT) in low vision patients with different pathologies.

Methods

Uncorrected visual acuity was estimated using BRVT and using the corresponding CF or HM in 38 low vision patients (VA range between 1.40 and 3.50 logMAR). Detailed ocular pathologies were recorded for each patient. Patients were categorized into two groups: one with severe visual field defects (constrictions of the central visual field or central scotomas) due to any cause and a general group which included all other ocular pathologies.

Results

The mean age was 67 years, with an age range from 26 to 92 years. The General group revealed a median VA of 2.00 logMAR for CF and 2.60 logMAR for HM (p < 0.001). This study showed a large variation of VA from BRVT in the Visual field group and considerable overlap with the VA results for CF and HM; with a median VA of 2.10 logMAR for CF and 2.30 logMAR for HM (p = 0.824).

Conclusion

The VA found in this study for CF confirmed values from earlier studies, while VA for HM was found to be slightly worse. These findings allow a translation of older VA data of CF and HM to logMAR for proper statistical analysis. Patients with central visual field defects showed a large variation of measured VA with BRVT.

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the repeatability of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in healthy and keratoconic eyes with two spectral domain optical coherence tomography

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2025.100535

Branka Samolov , Stephanie van de Moosdijk , Abinaya Priya Venkataraman , Alberto Domínguez-Vicent

Purpose

To evaluate the repeatability of corneal epithelial thickness measurements using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and a posterior segment OCT adapted with an anterior module, in subjects with keratoconus and healthy controls.

Methods

A spectral domain AS-OCT (MS-39) and a posterior segment OCT (HS-100) with ASA-1 adaptor were used to measure the corneal epithelial thickness in healthy and keratoconic eyes. Three measurements per participant were taken, and the repeatability was described using the repeatability limit (Rlim), calculated from the within-subject standard deviation.

Results

81 eyes of 81 controls and 80 eyes of 52 keratoconus subjects (43 % cross-linking, and 13 % contact lens users) were included. For the MS-39, the central sector showed the best repeatability for both groups, with Rlim never exceeding 5 μm in any sector. For the HS-100, the best repeatability was obtained for the central sector, with the Rlim never exceeding 7 μm in any of the sectors for the control group and all but one (outer-inferior) in the keratoconus group. The Rlim for the keratoconus group varied <1 μm between contact users/non-users or between eyes with/without a history of CXL. Differences in Rlim were larger than 2 μm in the peripheral horizontal sectors between each sub-group with the HS-100.

Conclusions

Both OCTs showed good epithelial thickness measurement repeatability in all groups, though the repeatability of the HS-100 was mildly lower for keratoconic eyes. Contact lens use and crosslinking history did not affect repeatability. These OCTs effectively measure epithelial thickness in keratoconus patients, which could be helpful in monitoring keratoconus progression.

{"title":"Evaluation of the repeatability of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in healthy and keratoconic eyes with two spectral domain optical coherence tomography","authors":"Branka Samolov , Stephanie van de Moosdijk , Abinaya Priya Venkataraman , Alberto Domínguez-Vicent","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the repeatability of corneal epithelial thickness measurements using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and a posterior segment OCT adapted with an anterior module, in subjects with keratoconus and healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A spectral domain AS-OCT (MS-39) and a posterior segment OCT (HS-100) with ASA-1 adaptor were used to measure the corneal epithelial thickness in healthy and keratoconic eyes. Three measurements per participant were taken, and the repeatability was described using the repeatability limit (Rlim), calculated from the within-subject standard deviation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>81 eyes of 81 controls and 80 eyes of 52 keratoconus subjects (43 % cross-linking, and 13 % contact lens users) were included. For the MS-39, the central sector showed the best repeatability for both groups, with Rlim never exceeding 5 μm in any sector. For the HS-100, the best repeatability was obtained for the central sector, with the Rlim never exceeding 7 μm in any of the sectors for the control group and all but one (outer-inferior) in the keratoconus group. The Rlim for the keratoconus group varied <1 μm between contact users/non-users or between eyes with/without a history of CXL. Differences in Rlim were larger than 2 μm in the peripheral horizontal sectors between each sub-group with the HS-100.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both OCTs showed good epithelial thickness measurement repeatability in all groups, though the repeatability of the HS-100 was mildly lower for keratoconic eyes. Contact lens use and crosslinking history did not affect repeatability. These OCTs effectively measure epithelial thickness in keratoconus patients, which could be helpful in monitoring keratoconus progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143241991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The correlation between relative peripheral refraction and myopia progression: A commentary on the utility of retinoscopy for peripheral refraction assessment 相对外周屈光与近视进展之间的关系：关于视网膜镜评估外周屈光效用的评论。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100526

Gladson Joyse Stanly

引用次数: 0

Blue light stimulation of the optic nerve head reduces melatonin levels in rabbit posterior segment 蓝光刺激视神经头可降低兔子后节的褪黑激素水平。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100525

Carlos Carpena-Torres , Fernando Huete-Toral , Gonzalo Carracedo

引用次数: 0

Visual performance of a new trifocal intraocular lens design evaluated with a clinical adaptative optics visual simulator 使用临床适应性光学视觉模拟器评估新型三焦点眼内透镜设计的视觉性能。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100527

Anabel Martínez-Espert , Diego Montagud-Martínez , Vicente Ferrando , Salvador García-Delpech , Juan A. Monsoriu , Walter D. Furlan

Objective

The digital transformation of daily routines has increased visual demands, especially at intermediate and near distances. The Devil multifocal intraocular lens (MIOL) design was developed to enhance intermediate visual performance. This design is a novel trifocal intraocular lens inspired by the fractal structure known as the 'Devil's staircase'. The aim of this research is to evaluate the visual performance of the Devil MIOL design in real patients.

Methods

The visual acuity defocus curve was obtained from 25 eyes of healthy volunteers using the Visual Adaptive Optics Simulator (VAO, Voptica SL, Murcia, Spain). Additionally, images of optotypes simulating those seen through the Devil MIOL design were captured to qualitatively illustrate optotype perception at different vergence values.

Results

Mean visual acuity values of the evaluation were 0.03 logMAR at 0.00 D vergence, 0.10 logMAR at +1.50 D vergence, and 0.11 logMAR at +3.00 D vergence, corresponding to far (optical infinity), intermediate (66.7 cm), and near foci (33.3 cm), respectively. The experimental outcomes were indeed slightly better than numerical results obtained previously in a model eye.

Conclusions

The Devil MIOL design provides satisfactory visual acuity across three primary foci and produces extended depth of focus between the intermediate and near foci.

目的：日常工作的数字化转型提高了对视觉的要求，尤其是在中近距离。Devil 多焦点眼内透镜（MIOL）的设计旨在提高中距离的视觉表现。这种设计是一种新颖的三焦点眼内透镜，其灵感来自于被称为 "魔鬼阶梯 "的分形结构。本研究的目的是评估 Devil MIOL 设计在实际患者中的视觉表现：方法：使用视觉自适应光学模拟器（VAO，Voptica SL，西班牙穆尔西亚）从 25 名健康志愿者的眼睛中获取视力散焦曲线。此外，还拍摄了模拟通过 Devil MIOL 设计看到的光学图像，以定性地说明不同辐辏值下的光学图像感知：评估的平均视力值分别为：0.00 D辐辏时 0.03 logMAR，+1.50 D辐辏时 0.10 logMAR，+3.00 D辐辏时 0.11 logMAR，分别对应远焦点（光学无穷远）、中焦点（66.7 厘米）和近焦点（33.3 厘米）。实验结果确实略优于之前在模型眼上获得的数值结果：Devil MIOL 的设计为三个主要病灶提供了令人满意的视力，并扩大了中间病灶和近处病灶之间的聚焦深度。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of a vergence-accommodation conflict induced during a 30-minute Virtual Reality game on vergence-accommodation parameters and related symptoms 在 30 分钟的虚拟现实游戏中诱发的辐辏适应冲突对辐辏适应参数和相关症状的影响。

IF 2.2 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100524

Maciej Dymczyk, Anna Przekoracka-Krawczyk, Zuzanna Kapturek, Paulina Pyżalska

Purpose

The aim of the study was to verify the hypotheses that vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) induced with head-mounted device (HMD) could cause symptoms in relation to changes in the accommodative-vergence system. In order to test this hypothesis, the Virtual Reality (VR) exposures were carried out in two types of VAC: VAC_small and VAC_large.

Method

Eighteen females, with a mean age of 22.5 ± 2.0 years, participated in two 30-minutes sessions with VR, which were separated by at least one week. Two sessions were differentiated by intensity of VAC presented in the VR system (VAC_small and VAC_large). Visual parameters were measured such as associated and dissociated phoria, accommodative response, the near point of convergence (NPC), fusional vergence ranges (FVR) and subjective complaints were measured using Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). The parameters were measured immediately before (Pre-test) and after (Post-test) the VR exposure.

Results

The subjective symptoms as nausea, oculomotor disorders and disorientation increased significantly after 30-minutes of exposure on VAC_large (P<0.05). The associated and dissociated phoria, lag of accommodation, FVR and the NPC did not significantly change after the VR exposure (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Short-term use of HMD (30-min) did not significantly affect accommodative-vergence functions regardless of the size of VAC (VAC_small and VAC_large). However, the level of symptoms increased after VR sessions, which was probably related to inappropriate oculo-vestibular relationship.

目的：本研究旨在验证以下假设：使用头戴式设备（HMD）引起的辐辏-适应冲突（VAC）可能导致与辐辏-适应系统变化有关的症状。为了验证这一假设，我们在两种类型的 VAC（VAC 小和 VAC 大）中进行了虚拟现实（VR）暴露：平均年龄为 22.5 ± 2.0 岁的 18 名女性参加了两次 30 分钟的虚拟现实训练，两次训练至少间隔一周。两节课以 VR 系统中呈现的 VAC 强度（VAC 小和 VAC 大）来区分。测量了视觉参数，如相关和分离幻视、适应反应、近辐辏点（NPC）、融合辐辏范围（FVR），并使用模拟器晕机问卷（SSQ）测量了主观感觉。这些参数分别在模拟器暴露前（前测）和暴露后（后测）进行测量：结果：在 VAClarge 上暴露 30 分钟后，恶心、眼球运动障碍和迷失方向等主观症状明显增加（P0.05）：结论：无论 VAC 大小（VAC 小和 VAC 大）如何，短期使用 HMD（30 分钟）对适应-辐辏功能均无明显影响。然而，VR 治疗后症状水平有所上升，这可能与不恰当的眼-前庭关系有关。

{"title":"Effect of a vergence-accommodation conflict induced during a 30-minute Virtual Reality game on vergence-accommodation parameters and related symptoms","authors":"Maciej Dymczyk, Anna Przekoracka-Krawczyk, Zuzanna Kapturek, Paulina Pyżalska","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2024.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2024.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of the study was to verify the hypotheses that vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) induced with head-mounted device (HMD) could cause symptoms in relation to changes in the accommodative-vergence system. In order to test this hypothesis, the Virtual Reality (VR) exposures were carried out in two types of VAC: VAC<sub>small</sub> and VAC<sub>large</sub>.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Eighteen females, with a mean age of 22.5 ± 2.0 years, participated in two 30-minutes sessions with VR, which were separated by at least one week. Two sessions were differentiated by intensity of VAC presented in the VR system (VAC<sub>small</sub> and VAC<sub>large</sub>). Visual parameters were measured such as associated and dissociated phoria, accommodative response, the near point of convergence (NPC), fusional vergence ranges (FVR) and subjective complaints were measured using Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). The parameters were measured immediately before (Pre-test) and after (Post-test) the VR exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The subjective symptoms as nausea, oculomotor disorders and disorientation increased significantly after 30-minutes of exposure on VAC<sub>large</sub> (<em>P</em><0.05). The associated and dissociated phoria, lag of accommodation, FVR and the NPC did not significantly change after the VR exposure (<em>P</em>>0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Short-term use of HMD (30-min) did not significantly affect accommodative-vergence functions regardless of the size of VAC (VAC<sub>small</sub> and VAC<sub>large</sub>). However, the level of symptoms increased after VR sessions, which was probably related to inappropriate oculo-vestibular relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"17 4","pages":"Article 100524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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