Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2121088
H. Paul
In the late 1970s there was a severe gas shortage and rationing was imposed. While sitting in the long lines waiting for limited fuel, I wanted to use the time productively and began to write while in the car waiting. I reviewed the lectures I was presenting to psychiatry residents when teaching them the basics of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). I looked at the structure of my presentations and also began to think about how this could be presented to children, who made up a large portion of my practice. I envisioned creating characters depicting the core cognitive distortions frequently encountered and explained during psychotherapy. I titled the process of making characters out of these core distortions and called the process psychomorphics. Psychomorphics is the action of making cognitive distortions visible by personifying them and using a story to help children instantly grasp the underlying concepts used in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). As noted, it is conceptually based, focusing on three core cognitive distortions that seem to lead to most human psychological problems.
{"title":"Psychomorphics: The Story of the Cosmic Light","authors":"H. Paul","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2121088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2121088","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 1970s there was a severe gas shortage and rationing was imposed. While sitting in the long lines waiting for limited fuel, I wanted to use the time productively and began to write while in the car waiting. I reviewed the lectures I was presenting to psychiatry residents when teaching them the basics of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). I looked at the structure of my presentations and also began to think about how this could be presented to children, who made up a large portion of my practice. I envisioned creating characters depicting the core cognitive distortions frequently encountered and explained during psychotherapy. I titled the process of making characters out of these core distortions and called the process psychomorphics. Psychomorphics is the action of making cognitive distortions visible by personifying them and using a story to help children instantly grasp the underlying concepts used in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). As noted, it is conceptually based, focusing on three core cognitive distortions that seem to lead to most human psychological problems.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"243 1","pages":"360 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77256659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2116301
Claudia Guay, J. Forget, Nadia Abouzeid
Abstract This exploratory case study using a mixed analytic approach aimed to assess the assistance dog’s effects on social behaviors (SB) of a child with ASD. The first objective was to examine the frequency of 26 SB. The second objective aimed to assess symptoms of ASD. The third objective was to describe the mother’s experience. One family participated in 17 sessions of direct observations. The mother completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS-2), and a semi-structured interview. The findings showed a discrepancy between the effects measured by direct observations and the parent’s perceived benefits.
{"title":"Assessing Effects of an Assistance Dog on Social Communication and Interaction of a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder and his Family: An Exploratory Single-Case Study","authors":"Claudia Guay, J. Forget, Nadia Abouzeid","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2116301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2116301","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This exploratory case study using a mixed analytic approach aimed to assess the assistance dog’s effects on social behaviors (SB) of a child with ASD. The first objective was to examine the frequency of 26 SB. The second objective aimed to assess symptoms of ASD. The third objective was to describe the mother’s experience. One family participated in 17 sessions of direct observations. The mother completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS-2), and a semi-structured interview. The findings showed a discrepancy between the effects measured by direct observations and the parent’s perceived benefits.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"323 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88467612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2117464
Lu Wang, Samantha Stoll, Michael J. G. Hone, J. Ablon, Alisha R. Pollastri
Abstract Twenty-one parents participated in a Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) parent group targeting children’s challenging behavior; 18 parents were in a waitlist control group. All parents completed pre- and post-treatment measures on CPS learning targets, their child’s behavior, and relationship quality, and parents in the treatment group completed measures six months later. Only parents learning CPS reported significant improvements on learning targets and conflict, and changes were sustained six months later. Children’s behavior improved significantly in the treatment group by six-month follow-up. These findings support CPS parent groups as an economical and effective approach for parents of children with behavioral difficulties.
{"title":"Effects of a Collaborative Problem Solving Parent Group on Parent and Child Outcomes","authors":"Lu Wang, Samantha Stoll, Michael J. G. Hone, J. Ablon, Alisha R. Pollastri","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2117464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2117464","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Twenty-one parents participated in a Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) parent group targeting children’s challenging behavior; 18 parents were in a waitlist control group. All parents completed pre- and post-treatment measures on CPS learning targets, their child’s behavior, and relationship quality, and parents in the treatment group completed measures six months later. Only parents learning CPS reported significant improvements on learning targets and conflict, and changes were sustained six months later. Children’s behavior improved significantly in the treatment group by six-month follow-up. These findings support CPS parent groups as an economical and effective approach for parents of children with behavioral difficulties.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"241 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82484713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2111750
S. Jefferson, Lauren S. Erp
Abstract Background Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are increasingly being reported to limit the social adaptability of children with autism. Method Three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, & Web of Science) were selected to conduct a systematic review to examine the consistency in which theoretical frameworks and instruments have been used to evaluate the presence and impact of RRBs in young children who may have ASD. Results Among the 36 articles examined in this review, young males represented 78.5% of the totality of participants (n = 62,339). Approximately one-third of the studies (n = 11) provided an explanation of RRBs through utilizing a theoretical framework. With respect to instrument utility, of the 35 instruments recorded, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) was most frequently used. Conclusions The ADOS and the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) are highly revered as they both are consistently referenced as “a gold standard.” However, due to the expensiveness of those assessments, they are underutilized, likely among vulnerable populations (e.g., economically disadvantaged, ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+), as many practitioners and parents cannot afford access to them.
背景限制和重复行为(RRBs)是限制自闭症儿童社会适应能力的重要因素。方法选择三个数据库(PubMed、PsycINFO和Web of Science)进行系统综述，以检查用于评估可能患有ASD的幼儿中RRBs的存在及其影响的理论框架和工具的一致性。在本综述的36篇文章中，年轻男性占参与者总数的78.5% (n = 62,339)。大约三分之一的研究(n = 11)通过利用理论框架提供了RRBs的解释。就仪器的效用而言，在记录的35种仪器中，自闭症诊断观察表(ADOS)是最常用的。ADOS和自闭症诊断访谈-修订版(ADI-R)都备受推崇，因为它们都一直被称为“黄金标准”。然而，由于这些评估的费用昂贵，它们没有得到充分利用，很可能在弱势群体中(例如，经济弱势群体、少数民族、LGBTQ+)，因为许多从业者和家长无法负担得起这些评估。
{"title":"Relation between Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"S. Jefferson, Lauren S. Erp","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2111750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2111750","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are increasingly being reported to limit the social adaptability of children with autism. Method Three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, & Web of Science) were selected to conduct a systematic review to examine the consistency in which theoretical frameworks and instruments have been used to evaluate the presence and impact of RRBs in young children who may have ASD. Results Among the 36 articles examined in this review, young males represented 78.5% of the totality of participants (n = 62,339). Approximately one-third of the studies (n = 11) provided an explanation of RRBs through utilizing a theoretical framework. With respect to instrument utility, of the 35 instruments recorded, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) was most frequently used. Conclusions The ADOS and the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) are highly revered as they both are consistently referenced as “a gold standard.” However, due to the expensiveness of those assessments, they are underutilized, likely among vulnerable populations (e.g., economically disadvantaged, ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+), as many practitioners and parents cannot afford access to them.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78437690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-13DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2109403
Matthew L. Edelstein, Ashley M. Boyle, Kaitlin M. Gould, Alicia Sullivan
Abstract Delivery of positive reinforcement is central to most effective interventions for behavior problems of childhood. In many settings, identification of potential reinforcers is often left to either caregivers or the children themselves. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of self-report of preferences. Seven children and their primary caregivers were given both direct and indirect assessments of preference for tangible items. Results suggest poor correspondence between indirect and direct assessments of preference across respondents. These findings have implications for the development of effective reinforcement systems used in behavior therapy.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Self-Identified Preferences in Young Children with Behavioral Disorders","authors":"Matthew L. Edelstein, Ashley M. Boyle, Kaitlin M. Gould, Alicia Sullivan","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2109403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2109403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Delivery of positive reinforcement is central to most effective interventions for behavior problems of childhood. In many settings, identification of potential reinforcers is often left to either caregivers or the children themselves. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of self-report of preferences. Seven children and their primary caregivers were given both direct and indirect assessments of preference for tangible items. Results suggest poor correspondence between indirect and direct assessments of preference across respondents. These findings have implications for the development of effective reinforcement systems used in behavior therapy.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"34 1","pages":"349 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77631775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2103955
Benjamin R. Thomas, Kaliah M. White, Joy C. Clayborne, Julia T. O’Connor
Abstract Challenging behaviors maintained by sensory consequences (i.e., automatic reinforcement) can be difficult to treat without constant supervision. This type of time commitment can be extremely difficult for families to do effectively. Competing stimulus-based treatments have shown promise for treating challenging behavior during periods of low supervision as they require minimal interaction with the child. Accordingly, families may benefit from learning to become self-sufficient in using this approach to assessment and treatment. This study evaluated the effects of a parent-conducted assessment and treatment on the challenging behavior of destructive paper tearing by a girl with Kleefstra Syndrome (9q34.3 deletion syndrome). Following a parent-conducted functional analysis, the mother completed an abbreviated competing stimulus assessment (CSA), and then delivered a treatment involving concurrent availability of all items identified in her daughter’s CSA. Results showed that the treatment was associated with generalized, reduction in challenging behavior that maintained in follow-up.
{"title":"Parent-Conducted Competing Stimulus Assessment and Treatment of Challenging Behavior by a Girl With Kleefstra Syndrome","authors":"Benjamin R. Thomas, Kaliah M. White, Joy C. Clayborne, Julia T. O’Connor","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2103955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2103955","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Challenging behaviors maintained by sensory consequences (i.e., automatic reinforcement) can be difficult to treat without constant supervision. This type of time commitment can be extremely difficult for families to do effectively. Competing stimulus-based treatments have shown promise for treating challenging behavior during periods of low supervision as they require minimal interaction with the child. Accordingly, families may benefit from learning to become self-sufficient in using this approach to assessment and treatment. This study evaluated the effects of a parent-conducted assessment and treatment on the challenging behavior of destructive paper tearing by a girl with Kleefstra Syndrome (9q34.3 deletion syndrome). Following a parent-conducted functional analysis, the mother completed an abbreviated competing stimulus assessment (CSA), and then delivered a treatment involving concurrent availability of all items identified in her daughter’s CSA. Results showed that the treatment was associated with generalized, reduction in challenging behavior that maintained in follow-up.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"32 1","pages":"259 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75185412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2099676
Violeta Bangiyev, Mirjam Burger-Calderon, Zuania Capó, Nicole Lui, Christoffer Scavenius, A. Chacko
Abstract Despite demonstrated effectiveness as a psychosocial intervention for youth diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavioural parent training (BPT) remains inaccessible while disorder rates increase globally. Previously, Chacko and Scavenius found that the Caring in Chaos (CiC) BPT model leveraged the advantages of community health settings, resulting in improved child and parent outcomes, prompting a need to replicate these findings. This paper reports on the effects of the CiC BPT model on the previous waitlist, untreated sample from Chacko and Scavenius. Results confirm previous findings, demonstrating CiC BPT improves parenting behaviour, competence, stress, depressive symptoms, and child impairment.
{"title":"A Community-Based Behavioural Parent Training Model (CiC) to Address ADHD-Related Concerns in the Voluntary Sector in Denmark: A Replication and Extension","authors":"Violeta Bangiyev, Mirjam Burger-Calderon, Zuania Capó, Nicole Lui, Christoffer Scavenius, A. Chacko","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2099676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2099676","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite demonstrated effectiveness as a psychosocial intervention for youth diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavioural parent training (BPT) remains inaccessible while disorder rates increase globally. Previously, Chacko and Scavenius found that the Caring in Chaos (CiC) BPT model leveraged the advantages of community health settings, resulting in improved child and parent outcomes, prompting a need to replicate these findings. This paper reports on the effects of the CiC BPT model on the previous waitlist, untreated sample from Chacko and Scavenius. Results confirm previous findings, demonstrating CiC BPT improves parenting behaviour, competence, stress, depressive symptoms, and child impairment.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"403 1","pages":"281 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2099680
Feng Zhao, Lin Fan
{"title":"Review of Reading Development and Difficulties: Bridging the Gap between Research and Practice","authors":"Feng Zhao, Lin Fan","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2099680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2099680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"20 1","pages":"372 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82563222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2079832
Jaclyn Gunderson, F. Symons, J. Wolff
Abstract Behavioral strategies can effectively improve compliant responses to instructions. However, research on caregivers’ fidelity to implement strategies is generally lacking. The current study’s purpose was to evaluate caregiver fidelity to a behavioral intervention to increase compliant responding to instructions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants included three children (ages 7–9) and their caregivers. Results showed an overall increase in fidelity and compliant responses with variability in the mastery of different intervention techniques. The results suggest that while caregiver interventions for building compliance are overall effective, monitoring fidelity to specific strategies is necessary for targeted training of caregiver-mediated interventions.
{"title":"Fidelity and Effectiveness of a Caregiver Mediated Compliance Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Jaclyn Gunderson, F. Symons, J. Wolff","doi":"10.1080/07317107.2022.2079832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2022.2079832","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Behavioral strategies can effectively improve compliant responses to instructions. However, research on caregivers’ fidelity to implement strategies is generally lacking. The current study’s purpose was to evaluate caregiver fidelity to a behavioral intervention to increase compliant responding to instructions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants included three children (ages 7–9) and their caregivers. Results showed an overall increase in fidelity and compliant responses with variability in the mastery of different intervention techniques. The results suggest that while caregiver interventions for building compliance are overall effective, monitoring fidelity to specific strategies is necessary for targeted training of caregiver-mediated interventions.","PeriodicalId":46418,"journal":{"name":"Child & Family Behavior Therapy","volume":"43 1","pages":"147 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78502067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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