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Fidelity and Effectiveness of a Caregiver Mediated Compliance Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder 孤独症谱系障碍儿童依从性训练的保真度与有效性
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2079832
Jaclyn Gunderson, F. Symons, J. Wolff
Abstract Behavioral strategies can effectively improve compliant responses to instructions. However, research on caregivers’ fidelity to implement strategies is generally lacking. The current study’s purpose was to evaluate caregiver fidelity to a behavioral intervention to increase compliant responding to instructions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants included three children (ages 7–9) and their caregivers. Results showed an overall increase in fidelity and compliant responses with variability in the mastery of different intervention techniques. The results suggest that while caregiver interventions for building compliance are overall effective, monitoring fidelity to specific strategies is necessary for targeted training of caregiver-mediated interventions.
行为策略可以有效地提高对指令的顺从反应。然而,对照顾者实施策略忠诚度的研究普遍缺乏。当前研究的目的是评估照顾者对行为干预的忠诚,以增加自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童对指令的依从性反应。参与者包括三名儿童(7-9岁)和他们的照顾者。结果显示,保真度和依从性反应总体上有所提高,但不同干预技术的掌握程度存在差异。结果表明,虽然护理人员干预建立依从性总体上是有效的,但监测特定策略的保真度对于护理人员介导的干预措施的针对性培训是必要的。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of Working Memory Training on Anxiety Symptoms and Attention Control in Adolescents with High Levels of Trait Anxiety 工作记忆训练对高水平特质焦虑青少年焦虑症状和注意控制的影响
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2079826
Zahra Nazari, M. Fazilat-pour, S. M. H. Mousavi Nasab
Abstract Trait anxiety is a personality factor of vulnerability to anxiety and depressive disorders. Trait anxiety is associated with impairments in both attention control and processing efficiency. This study investigated the effectiveness of Working Memory Training [WMT] in improving attention control and anxiety syndrome in adolescents with high trait anxiety. The sample consisted of 52 adolescents with high trait anxiety in the age range of 15–17-year-old from Rafsanjan city, Kerman province in the south-east of Iran. Participants were assigned to one of the two groups of training with adaptive dual N-Back and a nonadaptive dual 1-Back active control group. The Age average for the WMT group was 15.83 (SD: 0.7) and 15.77 (SD: 0.75) for the control group. Body temperature was also measured as a physiological indicator of anxiety. They were requested to complete the task for 3-weeks. Findings showed that anxiety, attention control, processing efficiency of attention control, and verbal and spatial-visual Working Memory [WM] capacity were significantly improved in the training group compared to the control group. However, performance effectiveness and temperature were not significantly different between the training and control groups. In addition, in the training group, the temperature was significantly higher among the subgroups with more involvement with the training task than the group with less involvement. WMT can be used as an effective intervention for improving cognitive functions, such as attention control, and in reducing adolescents’ trait anxiety.
特质焦虑是焦虑和抑郁障碍易感性的人格因素。特质焦虑与注意力控制和加工效率的损害有关。本研究探讨了工作记忆训练在改善青少年高特质焦虑的注意控制和焦虑综合征中的效果。样本包括来自伊朗东南部克尔曼省拉夫桑詹市的52名年龄在15 - 17岁之间的高特质焦虑青少年。参与者被分配到两组中的一组进行适应性双N-Back训练,另一组是非适应性双1-Back积极对照组。WMT组的平均年龄为15.83岁(SD: 0.7),对照组为15.77岁(SD: 0.75)。体温也被测量为焦虑的生理指标。他们被要求用3周的时间完成这项任务。结果表明,与对照组相比,训练组在焦虑、注意控制、注意控制加工效率、语言和空间视觉工作记忆能力方面均有显著提高。然而,训练组和对照组之间的运动效能和温度没有显著差异。此外,在训练组中,参与训练任务较多的亚组的温度显著高于参与训练任务较少的亚组。WMT可以作为改善青少年注意控制等认知功能和减少特质焦虑的有效干预手段。
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引用次数: 0
Parents' Experiences of a Brief Online Parenting Program with Playful Discipline 父母对一个简短的在线育儿项目的体验
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2084596
Kathryn Baltrotsky, S. Grace, J. Bradbury, F. Doran
Abstract Parents should be able to receive parenting support for their child's behavioral issues that are both easy to access and that align with their values. This qualitative report explores the experiences of twenty-six parents with children between 2 and 4 years old who participated in a brief online attachment-based, trauma-informed parenting study. This report is the qualitative component of an eight-week RCT pilot study that evaluated the efficacy of the Aware Parenting program. The cornerstone of the Aware Parenting approach is a playful approach to discipline. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews after participation in a brief Aware Parenting program found three key themes emerge: (1) wanting to be the best parent they could be, (2) reframing child behavior, and (3) a brief program is enough. Overall, participants felt satisfied with a single online session and thought the playful discipline strategies were appropriate, effective, and easy to implement. Parents may benefit from the accessibility of a single-session online parenting program, particularly when opportunities to gather in a face-to-face setting are limited. Recommendations from this study include insight into recruitment, engagement, and retention of participants in future studies on brief online attachment-based parenting programs. This study also highlights the need to explore discipline strategies compatible with attachment-based parent education programs. Key Findings Participants were willing to implement new parenting strategies despite the approach being different from popular parenting practices and different from what they experienced as children. Participants felt that the playful discipline strategies they learned in the Aware Parenting program were an acceptable approach for improving behavior in young children. A single online session with social media follow-up support increases accessibility for parents who may benefit from attachment-based parenting support.
父母应该能够在孩子的行为问题上得到父母的支持,这些支持既容易接近,又符合他们的价值观。这份定性报告探讨了26位有2至4岁孩子的父母的经历,他们参加了一项简短的基于依恋的、创伤知情的在线育儿研究。本报告是一项为期八周的随机对照试验研究的定性部分,该研究评估了“意识育儿”计划的有效性。有意识的养育方法的基石是一种有趣的管教方法。在参加了一个简短的“意识育儿”项目后,对半结构化访谈进行了主题分析,发现出现了三个关键主题:(1)尽可能成为最好的父母;(2)重塑孩子的行为;(3)一个简短的项目就足够了。总的来说,参与者对单一的在线课程感到满意,并认为好玩的纪律策略是适当的,有效的,易于实施。家长可能会受益于单次在线育儿课程的可访问性,特别是当面对面聚会的机会有限时。本研究的建议包括在未来简短的基于依恋的在线育儿项目研究中对参与者的招募、参与和保留的见解。本研究也强调需要探索与依恋型家长教育计划相容的管教策略。参与者愿意实施新的育儿策略,尽管这种方法不同于流行的育儿方法,也不同于他们小时候的经历。参与者认为,他们在“有意识的养育”项目中学到的好玩的管教策略是一种可以接受的改善幼儿行为的方法。一个带有社交媒体后续支持的在线会议增加了父母的可访问性,他们可能受益于基于依恋的育儿支持。
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引用次数: 0
Social Validity of Paediatric Feeding Treatment across Goals, Processes, and Outcomes 儿科喂养治疗的目标、过程和结果的社会有效性
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2068780
Tessa Taylor, S. Taylor
Abstract Social validity of treatment for paediatric feeding disorders can be defined as the extent to which caregivers find treatment goals and procedures acceptable, and the level of satisfaction with the outcomes of treatment. However, there are few studies which examine social validity data, or that evaluate social validity against key treatment variables. The aim of this report was to compare caregiver ratings of treatment acceptability and satisfaction against treatment variables. Social validity measures were obtained from the caregivers of all children consecutively admitted to a home-based behaviour-analytic treatment programme for paediatric feeding disorders (N = 32) in Australia. All children (M = 6 years, range 2–13 y) had severe feeding problems and most had mealtime skill deficits and autism and developmental delays or intellectual disabilities. Social validity measures included treatment acceptability and satisfaction surveys. In a retrospective analysis, social validity scores were compared against variables including participant characteristics and goals, treatment procedures, and treatment outcome. The retrospective analysis identified no significant correlations. In this sample, caregiver social validity ratings were very high, and data-based treatment outcomes for all children showed high levels of clinical significance including consumption, food variety, and feeding skill development. This report is the first to examine social validity in a data-based manner. With the exception of duration of treatment, no further relations were identified. Whilst the findings may be impacted by little variability/ceiling effects, this further communicates that the empirically-supported treatment for a paediatric feeding disorders is highly effective, and highly valued by caregivers of children. It is recommended that further data-based research continue to examine further measures and determinants of social validity.
儿科喂养障碍治疗的社会效度可以定义为照顾者发现治疗目标和程序可接受的程度,以及对治疗结果的满意程度。然而,很少有研究检验社会效度数据,或根据关键治疗变量评估社会效度。本报告的目的是比较护理人员对治疗可接受性和治疗变量满意度的评分。社会效度测量是从澳大利亚所有儿童的照顾者那里获得的,这些儿童连续接受了以家庭为基础的儿童喂养障碍行为分析治疗方案(N = 32)。所有儿童(M = 6岁,范围2-13岁)都有严重的喂养问题,大多数有用餐时间技能缺陷、自闭症、发育迟缓或智力残疾。社会效度测量包括治疗可接受性和满意度调查。在回顾性分析中,社会效度得分与包括参与者特征和目标、治疗程序和治疗结果在内的变量进行了比较。回顾性分析未发现显著相关性。在这个样本中,照顾者的社会效度评分非常高,所有儿童的基于数据的治疗结果显示出高水平的临床意义,包括消费、食物种类和喂养技能发展。该报告是第一个以数据为基础的方式研究社会有效性的报告。除治疗时间外,未发现进一步的关系。虽然研究结果可能受到小变异性/上限效应的影响,但这进一步表明,经验支持的儿科喂养障碍治疗非常有效,受到儿童照顾者的高度重视。建议进一步以数据为基础的研究继续检查社会有效性的进一步措施和决定因素。
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引用次数: 1
The Psychosocial Strengths Inventory for Children and Adolescents: A Preliminary Evaluation 儿童和青少年心理社会优势量表:初步评估
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2050658
Mitchell Todd, L. Niec
Abstract The Psychosocial Strengths Inventory for Children and Adolescents (PSICA) was created to address the need for a valid and practical measure of children’s psychosocial strengths that is feasible for use in psychological assessment and treatment. We evaluated the PSICA’s reliability and validity in a sample of 49 families. Parents completed measures of child psychosocial competence and behavior problems. The PSICA demonstrated good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and negative associations with child behavior problems. The PSICA is a promising measure for the assessment of child competence and outcomes of parenting interventions.
儿童和青少年心理社会优势量表(PSICA)的创建是为了满足对儿童心理社会优势的有效和实用的测量的需求,这种测量是可行的,可用于心理评估和治疗。我们在49个家庭样本中评估了PSICA的信度和效度。父母完成了儿童心理社会能力和行为问题的测量。PSICA表现出良好的内部一致性、重测信度和与儿童行为问题的负相关。PSICA是评估儿童能力和父母干预结果的一种很有前途的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Communication and Affective Synchrony between Parents and Their Children with Autism during a Multimodal Communication Parent-Coaching Intervention 多模式沟通父母辅导干预中自闭症父母与孩子之间的沟通与情感同步
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2043683
J. Ganz, Jeffrey Liew, Valeria Yllades, Ching-Yi Liao, Wen Luo, E. Hong, Amara J. Yoro, Daira Rodriguez, S. Clark, Kaitlyn Stein, Sarah K. Ura
Abstract The present study aims to increase diversity in autism research and reduce the barriers to support services for children with ASD through a parent-coaching intervention delivered using telepractice. Specifically, the effects of the intervention on communication and affect for both the parent and child with autism were evaluated longitudinally across 8 time points or sessions. Using a quasi-experimental design, without a control group, findings highlight the parent-child dyadic synchrony and responsiveness in affective and communicative competence in the home via a multimodal parenting intervention. Thus, verbal, and affective communication skills are promising targets for future naturalistic intervention strategies with parents or caretakers. Moreover, findings highlight that access to interventions could be increased to diverse and under-represented populations by leveraging telepractice approaches.
本研究旨在增加自闭症研究的多样性,并通过远程实践提供家长辅导干预,减少自闭症儿童支持服务的障碍。具体地说,干预对父母和自闭症儿童的沟通和情感的影响是在8个时间点或会议上进行纵向评估的。采用准实验设计,没有对照组,研究结果强调了通过多模式育儿干预在家庭情感和沟通能力方面的亲子二元同步和反应性。因此,言语和情感沟通技巧是未来与父母或监护人的自然干预策略的有希望的目标。此外,研究结果强调,通过利用远程实践方法,可以使多样化和代表性不足的人群更多地获得干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Effects of the Parenting Program on Preschool Children’s Behavioral Problems* 父母教养计划对学龄前儿童行为问题的影响研究*
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2021.2024717
Esra Işık, Haktan Demircioğlu
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the impact of a Parenting Program, which was developed for parents of preschoolers, on children’s behavioral problems. The study sample included 38 children between the ages of 4 and 6 attending an independent kindergarten in Keçiören District of Ankara Province, and their parents (38). The study adopted an experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group. The Parenting Program, which was developed through a needs assessment, was given to 19 mothers in the experimental group once a week for 11 weeks. The experimental group was administered a follow-up test 6 weeks after the training. The study findings demonstrated that the Parenting Program effectively reduced the behavioral problems (internalization and externalization) of the children whose mothers participated in the education program (Sevgi Kindergarten) and these effects were maintained.
摘要本研究旨在探讨学前儿童父母教养计划对儿童行为问题的影响。研究样本包括在安卡拉省Keçiören区一所独立幼儿园就读的38名4至6岁儿童及其父母(38人)。本研究采用前测后测对照组的实验设计。通过需求评估制定的“育儿计划”对实验组的19位母亲进行了为期11周的每周一次的培训。实验组于训练后6周进行随访试验。研究结果表明,母亲参与教育项目(Sevgi幼儿园)的孩子的行为问题(内化和外化)得到了有效的减少,并且这种效果得以维持。
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引用次数: 0
Prescriptive Play Therapy: Tailoring Interventions for Specific Childhood Problems 规定性游戏治疗:针对特定儿童问题的定制干预
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2027190
H. Paul
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引用次数: 4
The International Review of Biology: Stress and Brain Health: In Clinical Conditions 国际生物学评论:压力和大脑健康:在临床条件下
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2027188
H. Paul
beginning, multiple neurobehavioral and neurobiological systems and the impact of stress due to early life challenges on those systems. Distinctions are made between psychological and physical stressors such overly toxic substances. Absi notes that psychological systemic changes in cognitive, behavioral, and physiological responding. Absi defined addiction as a of behavioral, biological and psychological processes that contribute to impulsive behaviors and loss of control over use, obsessive thoughts about obtaining drugs, and continuation of use despite negative health and social consequences. the impact of immediate reinforcement over delayed consequences, one significant mechanism in the maintenance of addictive behavior. Absi concentrates on the sympathetic-adrenal medullary axis (SAM) as well as the hypothalamic, pituitary, adrenal access (HPA). Within the HPA, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus releases Corticotropic Factor (CRF) which is transported to the pituitary gland which then stimulates that gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) as well as beta endorphin.
首先,多种神经行为和神经生物学系统以及早期生活挑战对这些系统的压力的影响。心理压力源和生理压力源(如剧毒物质)是有区别的。Absi注意到认知、行为和生理反应的心理系统变化。Absi将成瘾定义为一种行为、生物和心理过程,导致冲动行为和对药物使用失去控制,对获得药物的强迫性想法,以及不顾负面健康和社会后果继续使用药物。即时强化对延迟后果的影响,是维持成瘾行为的一个重要机制。Absi集中于交感-肾上腺髓质轴(SAM)以及下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺通路(HPA)。在HPA内,下丘脑室旁核释放促皮质因子(CRF),该因子被转运到垂体,然后刺激垂体释放促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和内啡肽。
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引用次数: 1
A Review of Therapeutic Alliance and Child CBT 治疗联盟与儿童CBT研究综述
IF 0.5 4区 心理学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/07317107.2022.2027191
E. Feindler, Cheryl Smerling
Abstract Following a review of factors that influence the therapeutic alliance, outcome research and alliance assessment are summarized. Recommendations for clinical practice in terms of improving the therapeutic alliance in CBT with youth are included.
摘要:本文综述了影响治疗联盟的因素,总结了疗效研究和联盟评估。建议临床实践在改善治疗联盟方面的CBT与青少年包括在内。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Child & Family Behavior Therapy
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