Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00856401.2023.2206232
S. Saha
Abstract The paper explores what a (re)organisation of the existing histories of Bangla literature from Dalit literary perspectives can offer. Towards this end, it examines some of the early questions on the formation of literary standards and how that remained directly connected with caste hierarchies. It turns briefly towards late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Calcutta as a discursive-material site to explore symptomatically how such organising of dominant literary standards works its way through various forms of exclusion. When seen from the perspective of these exclusions, what does the question of Dalit literature offer in transforming the very idea of ‘literariness’? Also, what can the vernacular literatures offer in the reception of Dalit literatures in their multiplicity while resisting the tendencies of homogenising their volatility? Addressing such concerns, the paper turns towards a conceptualisation of Bangla Dalit literature as offering a poetics for multiple forms of dwelling.
{"title":"Remembering Heterodox Pre/Colonial Oral Cultures in (Re)Organising Bengali Dalit Literary Histories","authors":"S. Saha","doi":"10.1080/00856401.2023.2206232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2023.2206232","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper explores what a (re)organisation of the existing histories of Bangla literature from Dalit literary perspectives can offer. Towards this end, it examines some of the early questions on the formation of literary standards and how that remained directly connected with caste hierarchies. It turns briefly towards late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Calcutta as a discursive-material site to explore symptomatically how such organising of dominant literary standards works its way through various forms of exclusion. When seen from the perspective of these exclusions, what does the question of Dalit literature offer in transforming the very idea of ‘literariness’? Also, what can the vernacular literatures offer in the reception of Dalit literatures in their multiplicity while resisting the tendencies of homogenising their volatility? Addressing such concerns, the paper turns towards a conceptualisation of Bangla Dalit literature as offering a poetics for multiple forms of dwelling.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"697 - 715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00856401.2023.2208422
Timothy P.A. Cooper
"Lahore Cinema: Between Realism and Fable,." South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
拉合尔电影:介于现实主义和寓言之间。南亚:《南亚研究杂志》，印前版，第1-2页
{"title":"Lahore Cinema: Between Realism and Fable,","authors":"Timothy P.A. Cooper","doi":"10.1080/00856401.2023.2208422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2023.2208422","url":null,"abstract":"\"Lahore Cinema: Between Realism and Fable,.\" South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00856401.2023.2202070
Mallika Chaudhuri
Abstract This paper draws on the larger experience of urbanisation in two villages in Delhi, in particular the changing political and social life of these villages. Based on field research conducted between 2017 and 2019, it aims to explore the associational life of the villages and the ways in which traditional and newer forms of association and governance interact with each other and the state. In the new landscape, where panchayats operate alongside resident welfare associations and youth-led self-help organisations, a multiplicity of ‘political’ and ‘associational’ strategies have been adopted, with the invocation of terms such as ‘social work’ alongside an older invocation of biradari or community.
{"title":"Delhi and Its Urban Peripheries: Associational Life of the Village","authors":"Mallika Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1080/00856401.2023.2202070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2023.2202070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper draws on the larger experience of urbanisation in two villages in Delhi, in particular the changing political and social life of these villages. Based on field research conducted between 2017 and 2019, it aims to explore the associational life of the villages and the ways in which traditional and newer forms of association and governance interact with each other and the state. In the new landscape, where panchayats operate alongside resident welfare associations and youth-led self-help organisations, a multiplicity of ‘political’ and ‘associational’ strategies have been adopted, with the invocation of terms such as ‘social work’ alongside an older invocation of biradari or community.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"560 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4580
Md. Musa Khan
Governments, businesses, and the public, in general, are expected to receive information from national systems of official statistics regarding the economic, demographic, social, and environmental situation. Therefore, digitizing data collection for government statistics could have a significant social impact. Slowly but surely, government administrative data is being used more. There is scant evidence, but significant data access through satellites, point-of-sale systems, and social networks is now being researched and tested. New needs for official statistics and pressures on traditional data collection from households and companies drove these projects. New requirements for official statistics have brought about these requirements and demands. The efficient use of new data sources by the government can lay the most important evidential foundation for policies that are intended to enhance people's lives, and data that has been anonymized is also being made available to other researchers. The study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges for official statistics in digital Bangladesh and identify the potential benefits and drawbacks of using digital technologies and data sources for official statistics. By understanding these opportunities and challenges, policymakers, statisticians, and other stakeholders can develop strategies and solutions that address the challenges and leverage the opportunities to improve official statistics' quality, timeliness, and relevance. Additionally, the objective is to highlight the importance of investing in capacity building, data governance frameworks, and technology and infrastructure to promote the development of official statistics in digital Bangladesh.
{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges for Official Statistics in Digital Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Musa Khan","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4580","url":null,"abstract":"Governments, businesses, and the public, in general, are expected to receive information from national systems of official statistics regarding the economic, demographic, social, and environmental situation. Therefore, digitizing data collection for government statistics could have a significant social impact. Slowly but surely, government administrative data is being used more. There is scant evidence, but significant data access through satellites, point-of-sale systems, and social networks is now being researched and tested. New needs for official statistics and pressures on traditional data collection from households and companies drove these projects. New requirements for official statistics have brought about these requirements and demands. The efficient use of new data sources by the government can lay the most important evidential foundation for policies that are intended to enhance people's lives, and data that has been anonymized is also being made available to other researchers. The study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges for official statistics in digital Bangladesh and identify the potential benefits and drawbacks of using digital technologies and data sources for official statistics. By understanding these opportunities and challenges, policymakers, statisticians, and other stakeholders can develop strategies and solutions that address the challenges and leverage the opportunities to improve official statistics' quality, timeliness, and relevance. Additionally, the objective is to highlight the importance of investing in capacity building, data governance frameworks, and technology and infrastructure to promote the development of official statistics in digital Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82265206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4255
A. Bhatnagar
Schools in general carry the fundamental responsibility of moulding and transforming society to meet the dynamic inherent. Under the scenario, it becomes immensely relevant to challenge the underpinning processes for the sustainable growth and development of any nation. The research work explores the concept of critical constructivism, in the light of Paulo Freire's philosophy to support the pertinent and ostensible transformation desired. The study develops the self-assessment framework to evaluate the preparedness of schools towards a critically constructivist classroom. The developed framework was implemented in schools of different governance to evaluate the current proposition in the context. The self-assessment framework establishes credential credibility through quality process viability assessment. The results of the study reflect upon the gaps and way forward to enable critically constructivist classrooms.
{"title":"Establishing Critical Constructivism in Learning Teaching Through Developed Self-Assessment Framework","authors":"A. Bhatnagar","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4255","url":null,"abstract":"Schools in general carry the fundamental responsibility of moulding and transforming society to meet the dynamic inherent. Under the scenario, it becomes immensely relevant to challenge the underpinning processes for the sustainable growth and development of any nation. The research work explores the concept of critical constructivism, in the light of Paulo Freire's philosophy to support the pertinent and ostensible transformation desired. The study develops the self-assessment framework to evaluate the preparedness of schools towards a critically constructivist classroom. The developed framework was implemented in schools of different governance to evaluate the current proposition in the context. The self-assessment framework establishes credential credibility through quality process viability assessment. The results of the study reflect upon the gaps and way forward to enable critically constructivist classrooms. ","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89746101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4408
Mohammad Ashfaq, Yaseem Roofi
Each state seeks solidarity and stability by ensuring unity and harmony among the socio-cultural and political segments within its territorial jurisdiction. This study looks at the elite political culture in Pakistan that has been highly criticized for stimulating social complexities by proliferating numerous sorts of political, ethnic, religious/sectarian, or linguistic differences. From 1999 to 2007, when a new class of political elites emerged on the surface of electoral politics as the results of ‘Devolution Plan 2000’, ‘condition of graduation for public representatives’ and ‘17th amendment’ under the slogan of “Pakistan First”; some court verdicts and constitutional engineering during PPP’s third rule upturned respective fruits by bringing back the former elite political culture or traditional elitism as the biggest opposition to populism, political egalitarianism, and democratic liberalism. Therefore, this study conducts a comparative study of PPP and PML(N) regimes (2008-2013 2013-2018 respectively) to find out the correlation between elite political culture and political system that is directly proportional to cosmopolitanism. This comparison assists the study to investigate the contributions of post-18th amendment elite political culture to the problematics of democracy during an addressed decade in Pakistan.
{"title":"Elite Political Culture and Cosmopolitanism; A case study of Pakistan (2008-2018)","authors":"Mohammad Ashfaq, Yaseem Roofi","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4408","url":null,"abstract":"Each state seeks solidarity and stability by ensuring unity and harmony among the socio-cultural and political segments within its territorial jurisdiction. This study looks at the elite political culture in Pakistan that has been highly criticized for stimulating social complexities by proliferating numerous sorts of political, ethnic, religious/sectarian, or linguistic differences. From 1999 to 2007, when a new class of political elites emerged on the surface of electoral politics as the results of ‘Devolution Plan 2000’, ‘condition of graduation for public representatives’ and ‘17th amendment’ under the slogan of “Pakistan First”; some court verdicts and constitutional engineering during PPP’s third rule upturned respective fruits by bringing back the former elite political culture or traditional elitism as the biggest opposition to populism, political egalitarianism, and democratic liberalism. Therefore, this study conducts a comparative study of PPP and PML(N) regimes (2008-2013 2013-2018 respectively) to find out the correlation between elite political culture and political system that is directly proportional to cosmopolitanism. This comparison assists the study to investigate the contributions of post-18th amendment elite political culture to the problematics of democracy during an addressed decade in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80952452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4387
Irfan Sabir, Muhammad Bilal Majid, Muhammad Zia Aslam
The present research work asses the capacity-building needs and perceived challenges and further opportunities in the school health nutrition program. In this research, demographic factors act as a control variable. The deductive research approach was applied with positivist philosophy. The focal teachers and school health nutrition supervisors were the respondents for this study that was chosen from convenience sampling method. The statistical tests were applied through SPSS software. The reliability of all variables was above 0.8. The response rate was 98 percent. The statistical confirmed that demographic has no impact on variables association. The liner regression models demonstrate that perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity have significant positive effect on the skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers. This research is one of the rare studies in Pakistan which examine a comprehensive model using; perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity as an independent variable and skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers as a dependent variable and test the ecology of human performance theory in Pakistani context.
{"title":"Assessment of Capacity-Building Needs Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Irfan Sabir, Muhammad Bilal Majid, Muhammad Zia Aslam","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4387","url":null,"abstract":"The present research work asses the capacity-building needs and perceived challenges and further opportunities in the school health nutrition program. In this research, demographic factors act as a control variable. The deductive research approach was applied with positivist philosophy. The focal teachers and school health nutrition supervisors were the respondents for this study that was chosen from convenience sampling method. The statistical tests were applied through SPSS software. The reliability of all variables was above 0.8. The response rate was 98 percent. The statistical confirmed that demographic has no impact on variables association. The liner regression models demonstrate that perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity have significant positive effect on the skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers. This research is one of the rare studies in Pakistan which examine a comprehensive model using; perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity as an independent variable and skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers as a dependent variable and test the ecology of human performance theory in Pakistani context.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82969483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CPEC is a hot topic among the entire world and its growth in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has been fruitful. Special economic zones helped in encouraging foreign and domestic finances, employability, business, and financial stability resulting in infrastructural development; upgraded technology, human capital expansion and fiscal reforms for the host country. This investigation aimed to visualize the socio-economic effect on local people and the way how they perceive the special economic zone beneath the CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) initiative. A quantitative research approach was adopted to achieve the goal of this research; to analyze these social and economic levels. The data was acquired through a well-structured interview schedule. The target population was the villagers living near the industrial zone, District Faisalabad. Tehsil Chak Jhumra was selected by using the purposive sampling technique due to the reason for declared Special Economic Zone. The purpose of this investigation was to look at the socio-economic impact of the special economic zone (district Faisalabad) on local people underneath the (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) CPEC perspective. This study has filled the aperture and examined the direct socio-economic impact of the special economic zone for local citizens of Pakistan This study has drawn a true picture of the present scenario; to what extent Special Economic Zone has a direct impact on them and their positive or negative thinking over it.
{"title":"Sociological Study on Residents' Perception of Special Economic Zone Regarding the Consequent Change in the Area; A Case Study of District Faisalabad","authors":"Laraib Javaid, Noureen Kousar, Farkhanada Anjum, Nida Nida, Maria Anwar, Umbreen Javaid","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4704","url":null,"abstract":"CPEC is a hot topic among the entire world and its growth in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has been fruitful. Special economic zones helped in encouraging foreign and domestic finances, employability, business, and financial stability resulting in infrastructural development; upgraded technology, human capital expansion and fiscal reforms for the host country. This investigation aimed to visualize the socio-economic effect on local people and the way how they perceive the special economic zone beneath the CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) initiative. A quantitative research approach was adopted to achieve the goal of this research; to analyze these social and economic levels. The data was acquired through a well-structured interview schedule. The target population was the villagers living near the industrial zone, District Faisalabad. Tehsil Chak Jhumra was selected by using the purposive sampling technique due to the reason for declared Special Economic Zone. The purpose of this investigation was to look at the socio-economic impact of the special economic zone (district Faisalabad) on local people underneath the (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) CPEC perspective. This study has filled the aperture and examined the direct socio-economic impact of the special economic zone for local citizens of Pakistan This study has drawn a true picture of the present scenario; to what extent Special Economic Zone has a direct impact on them and their positive or negative thinking over it.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76547641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4611
Md. Nadim Uddin, A. Al mamun
This study attempts to analyse empirically how economic performance and climate change affect employment in the agriculture sector. The study includes seven South Asian countries’ data, excluding the Maldives, from 1992 to 2021 by applying the most widely used Panel ARDL that involved pooled mean group (PMG) estimation. In the short-run, the effect of past year employment and temperature is positive, whereas GDP per capita is negatively related to agricultural employment and rainfall is insignificant. However, in long the run, the error correction coefficient is significant, and overall data has been able to establish a long-run relationship. The study concludes that with the long-run impact for each country, agricultural employment is negatively affected by GDP per capita and temperature. Lastly, the effect of temperature, in the long run, reveals that climate change has long-term impacts on agriculture employment. We believe that the findings of the study have important implications for policymakers in future.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Employment in South Asia","authors":"Md. Nadim Uddin, A. Al mamun","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4611","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to analyse empirically how economic performance and climate change affect employment in the agriculture sector. The study includes seven South Asian countries’ data, excluding the Maldives, from 1992 to 2021 by applying the most widely used Panel ARDL that involved pooled mean group (PMG) estimation. In the short-run, the effect of past year employment and temperature is positive, whereas GDP per capita is negatively related to agricultural employment and rainfall is insignificant. However, in long the run, the error correction coefficient is significant, and overall data has been able to establish a long-run relationship. The study concludes that with the long-run impact for each country, agricultural employment is negatively affected by GDP per capita and temperature. Lastly, the effect of temperature, in the long run, reveals that climate change has long-term impacts on agriculture employment. We believe that the findings of the study have important implications for policymakers in future.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74601842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.33687/jsas.011.01.4446
Tahir Mumtaz, Fatima Bilal, Sobia Younas
Pakistan has been facing a water crisis since the day it emerged on the map. The issue of the water crisis is deeply rooted in Pakistan's creation. The partition of the subcontinent not only divided the landmass between India and Pakistan but also the Indus River Basin. The rivers of the region were not entirely divided between the two states; they were rather shared. The water dispute was among the initial problems that created conflict between these two newly established countries. The Indus River Basin deeply affected the economy, society, culture, and political scenario of the subcontinent. Consequently, the water dispute is one of the major and initial conflicts that intertwine with the territorial disputes. The World Bank presented its proposal for the division of rivers. With the mediation of the World Bank, the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) was signed between Pakistan and India in 1960. Three Western rivers, the Indus, the Chenab, and the Jhelum, were to be given to Pakistan, and three Eastern rivers, the Sutlej, the Ravi, and the Beas, were to be given to India. The Indus Water Treaty is a permanent, binding contract between India and Pakistan. The qualitative research approach is taken while opting for the historical and correlational approach to how India faces water scarcity and Pakistan faces its after-effects. Both states are agricultural and need water for the cultivation of crops. Being an upper riparian, India controls water, so when India faces a water shortage, it ultimately affects the lower riparian, which is Pakistan.
{"title":"Indus Water Treaty and Water Scarcity in India: Implications for Pakistan","authors":"Tahir Mumtaz, Fatima Bilal, Sobia Younas","doi":"10.33687/jsas.011.01.4446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.01.4446","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan has been facing a water crisis since the day it emerged on the map. The issue of the water crisis is deeply rooted in Pakistan's creation. The partition of the subcontinent not only divided the landmass between India and Pakistan but also the Indus River Basin. The rivers of the region were not entirely divided between the two states; they were rather shared. The water dispute was among the initial problems that created conflict between these two newly established countries. The Indus River Basin deeply affected the economy, society, culture, and political scenario of the subcontinent. Consequently, the water dispute is one of the major and initial conflicts that intertwine with the territorial disputes. The World Bank presented its proposal for the division of rivers. With the mediation of the World Bank, the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) was signed between Pakistan and India in 1960. Three Western rivers, the Indus, the Chenab, and the Jhelum, were to be given to Pakistan, and three Eastern rivers, the Sutlej, the Ravi, and the Beas, were to be given to India. The Indus Water Treaty is a permanent, binding contract between India and Pakistan. The qualitative research approach is taken while opting for the historical and correlational approach to how India faces water scarcity and Pakistan faces its after-effects. Both states are agricultural and need water for the cultivation of crops. Being an upper riparian, India controls water, so when India faces a water shortage, it ultimately affects the lower riparian, which is Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":46457,"journal":{"name":"South Asia-Journal of South Asian Studies","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73684542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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