Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.012
Willams Henrique da Costa Maynart, Maria Cícera dos Santos de Albuquerque, Mércia Zeviani Brêda, Darlan dos Santos Damásio Silva, Hiule Perreira de Santana, Larissa dos Santos Brandão
Introduction. The Psychiatric Reform introduced a new people-centered care model to replace psychiatric hospitals: the Psychosocial Care Center. Qualified listening can be used to achieve the integrality and humanization of the health care provided. It allows for the appreciation of content, the respect of its uniqueness, empathy, and the promotion of a space in which freedom of expression is provided. Objective. To identify the understanding of qualified listening from the perspective of the relative of a person with a mental disorder at a Psychosocial Care Center. Method. Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study. Ten relatives over the age of 18 participated, contributing to the production of information. Data was obtained through the triangulation method, through semi-structured individual and collective interviews, observation, and field diary records. Results. For relatives, qualified listening translates into clarifying the illness, understanding the family’s painful situation and providing help and support during the psychosocial rehabilitation process. Discussion and conclusion. Listening constitutes a means of consolidating care networks, through the strengthening of bonds and co-responsibility, in a centered and expanded family-user logic model.
{"title":"Qualified Listening to Relatives of Users at a Psychosocial Care Center","authors":"Willams Henrique da Costa Maynart, Maria Cícera dos Santos de Albuquerque, Mércia Zeviani Brêda, Darlan dos Santos Damásio Silva, Hiule Perreira de Santana, Larissa dos Santos Brandão","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The Psychiatric Reform introduced a new people-centered care model to replace psychiatric hospitals: the Psychosocial Care Center. Qualified listening can be used to achieve the integrality and humanization of the health care provided. It allows for the appreciation of content, the respect of its uniqueness, empathy, and the promotion of a space in which freedom of expression is provided. Objective. To identify the understanding of qualified listening from the perspective of the relative of a person with a mental disorder at a Psychosocial Care Center. Method. Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study. Ten relatives over the age of 18 participated, contributing to the production of information. Data was obtained through the triangulation method, through semi-structured individual and collective interviews, observation, and field diary records. Results. For relatives, qualified listening translates into clarifying the illness, understanding the family’s painful situation and providing help and support during the psychosocial rehabilitation process. Discussion and conclusion. Listening constitutes a means of consolidating care networks, through the strengthening of bonds and co-responsibility, in a centered and expanded family-user logic model.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140795664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.009
Rosa Elena Ulloa Flores, Ricardo Díaz Sánchez, Helena Estephania Mora Noriega, Luisa Fernanda Sánchez Musi, Rogelio Apiquian Guitart, Daniela Michelle Olvera Green, Francisco R. de la Peña Olvera, Marcos F Rosetti Sciutto, Lino Palacios Cruz, Pablo Adolfo Mayer Villa, Juan David Palacio Ortíz
Introduction. Health science students represented a particularly vulnerable group during the pandemic. Studies in various regions have found a high prevalence of psychopathology, associated with the presence of stressors such as contact with patients, isolation, and financial difficulties. Objective. To determine the stressors for and frequency of depression, anxiety and substance use in Latin American health science students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the presence of stressors and determine anxiety and depression symptoms through the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 scales, and substance use in 777 students from ten countries, from June 2020 to January 2021. Results. The most frequent stressors were having a loved one diagnosed with COVID-19 and being diagnosed with another illness. A total of 54.1% of the sample had depression, and 46.2% had anxiety according to the rating scales cut-off points, while 24.8% reported substance use. Reading or listening to news about the pandemic was the main stressor associated with the presence of psychopathology. Discussion and conclusion. Latin American health science students displayed high frequencies of psychopathology associated with various stressors. It is therefore important to monitor the mental health of this population to prevent low academic performance.
{"title":"Factors associated with the presence of depression, anxiety, and substance use in health students from 10 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Rosa Elena Ulloa Flores, Ricardo Díaz Sánchez, Helena Estephania Mora Noriega, Luisa Fernanda Sánchez Musi, Rogelio Apiquian Guitart, Daniela Michelle Olvera Green, Francisco R. de la Peña Olvera, Marcos F Rosetti Sciutto, Lino Palacios Cruz, Pablo Adolfo Mayer Villa, Juan David Palacio Ortíz","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Health science students represented a particularly vulnerable group during the pandemic. Studies in various regions have found a high prevalence of psychopathology, associated with the presence of stressors such as contact with patients, isolation, and financial difficulties. Objective. To determine the stressors for and frequency of depression, anxiety and substance use in Latin American health science students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the presence of stressors and determine anxiety and depression symptoms through the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 scales, and substance use in 777 students from ten countries, from June 2020 to January 2021. Results. The most frequent stressors were having a loved one diagnosed with COVID-19 and being diagnosed with another illness. A total of 54.1% of the sample had depression, and 46.2% had anxiety according to the rating scales cut-off points, while 24.8% reported substance use. Reading or listening to news about the pandemic was the main stressor associated with the presence of psychopathology. Discussion and conclusion. Latin American health science students displayed high frequencies of psychopathology associated with various stressors. It is therefore important to monitor the mental health of this population to prevent low academic performance.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140770011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.008
Edward Jensen García, Guillermina Natera Rey
Introduction. The Inference-based Approach (IBA) is an etiologic, therapeutic research paradigm regarding inferential confusion (IC) as an exclusive metacognitive process of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). IC is the rational tendency of individuals with OCD to underrate abstract data and personal experiences and overrate hypothetical possibilities. IC therefore fosters uncertainty and facilitates the justification of obsessive constructs. IBA has noted that qualitative research on IC and the exploration of IC in non-OCD cognitive constructs are required to refine cognitive and therapeutic OCD models. This could help clarify whether OCD treatment by IBA is overlooking non-obsessive IC habits which, if left untreated, could compromise treatment success. Objective. To identify the possible influence of IC on non-obsessive, cognitive worldview constructs of individuals with OCD and to compare these constructs with those of individuals without OCD. Method. Twenty-five semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, 15 with individuals with OCD and 10 with a comparison group without OCD or OCD symptoms. Data were collected and analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology. Results. IC was identified in the non-obsessive cognitive worldview constructs of every participant with OCD. IC was not identified in the comparative group. Discussion and conclusion. The results suggest that IC affects the rational composition of non-obsessive cognitive worldview constructs of individuals with OCD. The implications this could have for the cognitive and therapeutic models of OCD are discussed.
导言。基于推理的方法（IBA）是一种关于推理混乱（IC）的病因学和治疗学研究范式，是强迫症（OCD）特有的元认知过程。IC 是强迫症患者低估抽象数据和个人经历、高估假设可能性的理性倾向。因此，强迫症会助长不确定性，并为强迫症建构的合理性提供便利。国际心理咨询师协会指出，需要对强迫症认知建构的定性研究以及对非强迫症认知建构中的强迫症认知建构进行探索，以完善强迫症的认知和治疗模型。这有助于澄清国际心理咨询协会的强迫症治疗是否忽略了非强迫性的 IC 习惯，如果不加以治疗，可能会影响治疗的成功。目的。确定强迫症患者的非强迫性认知世界观建构可能受到的 IC 影响，并将这些建构与非强迫症患者的建构进行比较。方法。对 15 名强迫症患者和 10 名无强迫症或强迫症症状的对比群体进行了 25 次半结构式深度访谈。采用基础理论方法收集和分析数据。结果。在每位强迫症患者的非强迫性认知世界观建构中都发现了 IC。在对比组中没有发现 IC。讨论和结论。研究结果表明，强迫症患者的非强迫性认知世界观结构的合理构成受到 IC 的影响。本文讨论了这对强迫症认知和治疗模式的影响。
{"title":"Inferential confusion in the worldview of individuals with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD): a qualitative approach","authors":"Edward Jensen García, Guillermina Natera Rey","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The Inference-based Approach (IBA) is an etiologic, therapeutic research paradigm regarding inferential confusion (IC) as an exclusive metacognitive process of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). IC is the rational tendency of individuals with OCD to underrate abstract data and personal experiences and overrate hypothetical possibilities. IC therefore fosters uncertainty and facilitates the justification of obsessive constructs. IBA has noted that qualitative research on IC and the exploration of IC in non-OCD cognitive constructs are required to refine cognitive and therapeutic OCD models. This could help clarify whether OCD treatment by IBA is overlooking non-obsessive IC habits which, if left untreated, could compromise treatment success. Objective. To identify the possible influence of IC on non-obsessive, cognitive worldview constructs of individuals with OCD and to compare these constructs with those of individuals without OCD. Method. Twenty-five semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, 15 with individuals with OCD and 10 with a comparison group without OCD or OCD symptoms. Data were collected and analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology. Results. IC was identified in the non-obsessive cognitive worldview constructs of every participant with OCD. IC was not identified in the comparative group. Discussion and conclusion. The results suggest that IC affects the rational composition of non-obsessive cognitive worldview constructs of individuals with OCD. The implications this could have for the cognitive and therapeutic models of OCD are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.010
Marco Antonio Santana Campas, Karla Patricia Valdés García, Magda Lidiana Sánchez Aranda, Laura Elena de Luna Velasco, Óscar Ulises Reynoso González
Introduction. The prevalence of suicidal behavior in university students ranges from 14.1% to 27.9%, with suicide being the fourth leading cause of death among young people ages 15 to 29. Hopelessness, decreased self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, and emotional dysregulation are among the main risk factors. Objective. To determine the effect of hopelessness, depression, anxiety, stress, drug use, and self-efficacy on suicide attempts in Mexican psychology students. Method. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was undertaken with a sample of 3,438 students from sixty-two universities accredited by the National Council for Teaching and Research in Psychology (CNEIP) from six regions in Mexico. Results. A total of 19.9% reported attempted suicide (85.1% women and 14.9% men); 36.4% drug use; 40.2% moderate to extreme stress; 50.1% anxiety, and 40.7% depression; 74.1% medium to high emotional dysregulation; 30.2% moderate to high hopelessness, and 32.9% low self-efficacy. Drug use (OR 1.897), sex (OR 1.756), anxiety (OR 1.218), hopelessness (OR 1.209), depression (OR 1.756), and stress (OR 1.050) respectively account for 17.2% of the variability of suicide attempts. Discussion and conclusion. Confirmation of the effect of the variables analyzed on the suicide attempts of psychology students underlines the importance of incorporating actions that will contribute to controlling the incidence of suicide.
{"title":"Protection and Risk Factors for Attempted Suicide in Mexican Students Majoring in Psychology","authors":"Marco Antonio Santana Campas, Karla Patricia Valdés García, Magda Lidiana Sánchez Aranda, Laura Elena de Luna Velasco, Óscar Ulises Reynoso González","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The prevalence of suicidal behavior in university students ranges from 14.1% to 27.9%, with suicide being the fourth leading cause of death among young people ages 15 to 29. Hopelessness, decreased self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, and emotional dysregulation are among the main risk factors. Objective. To determine the effect of hopelessness, depression, anxiety, stress, drug use, and self-efficacy on suicide attempts in Mexican psychology students. Method. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was undertaken with a sample of 3,438 students from sixty-two universities accredited by the National Council for Teaching and Research in Psychology (CNEIP) from six regions in Mexico. Results. A total of 19.9% reported attempted suicide (85.1% women and 14.9% men); 36.4% drug use; 40.2% moderate to extreme stress; 50.1% anxiety, and 40.7% depression; 74.1% medium to high emotional dysregulation; 30.2% moderate to high hopelessness, and 32.9% low self-efficacy. Drug use (OR 1.897), sex (OR 1.756), anxiety (OR 1.218), hopelessness (OR 1.209), depression (OR 1.756), and stress (OR 1.050) respectively account for 17.2% of the variability of suicide attempts. Discussion and conclusion. Confirmation of the effect of the variables analyzed on the suicide attempts of psychology students underlines the importance of incorporating actions that will contribute to controlling the incidence of suicide.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.007
Ingrid Vargas-Huicochea
{"title":"The relevance of social analysis in mental health research","authors":"Ingrid Vargas-Huicochea","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.011
Yolanda Bañuelos Barrera, Nancy Griselda Pérez Briones, Perla María Trejo Ortiz, B. J. Lara Reyes, Eloína Ruiz Sánchez, Emiliano Javier Argüello
Introduction. Suicide is a public health problem with multifactorial etiology affecting all age groups. In Mexico, the suicide rate was 6.5 suicides per 100,000 population in 2021. Objective. To determine the predictive factors for suicidal behaviors (SB) in college students in the north-central region of Mexico. Method. A descriptive, comparative, analytical study was conducted of 1,147 randomly selected college students. Sociodemographic data, alcohol consumption (AC), perceived stress (PS), social support (SS) and suicidal behavior (SB), suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempt (SA) and suicide risk (SR) were measured. Data analysis in SPSS included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. The mean age of study participants was 20.2 years, with a female predominance (82.2%). Prevalence rates for SB were 62% for SI, 14.9% for SA, and 18.3% for SR. In regard to predictive factors for SB, risky, harmful, or dependent AC increased SR 1.7-fold [1.071-2.926]. At the same time, not having SS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], and 3.6 respectively. Higher PS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1[2.103-4.663] and 6.4 [4.184-9.826] respectively. PS and lack of SS predict SB in both sexes and across all states. Discussion and Conclusion. The results show the importance of mental health care, in both epidemiologically risky situations and everyday life, together with the early identification, and timely, effective treatment of suicide risk factors in university students.
导言。自杀是一个公共卫生问题，其病因是多方面的，影响到各个年龄段的人群。2021 年，墨西哥的自杀率为每 10 万人中有 6.5 人自杀。研究目的确定墨西哥中北部地区大学生自杀行为（SB）的预测因素。方法。对随机抽取的 1147 名大学生进行了描述性、比较性和分析性研究。对社会人口学数据、饮酒量（AC）、感知压力（PS）、社会支持（SS）以及自杀行为（SB）、自杀意念（SI）、自杀企图（SA）和自杀风险（SR）进行了测量。SPSS 数据分析包括描述性和推论性统计。研究结果研究参与者的平均年龄为 20.2 岁，女性占多数（82.2%）。SI、SA 和 SR 的 SB 患病率分别为 62%、14.9% 和 18.3%。关于 SB 的预测因素，危险、有害或依赖性 AC 会使 SR 增加 1.7 倍 [1.071-2.926]。同时，没有 SS 会使 SI、SA 和 SR 的风险分别增加 2.4 倍 [1.843-3.246]、2.7 倍 [1.890-4.123] 和 3.6 倍。较高的 PS 会使 SI、SA 和 SR 的风险分别增加 5.6 [4.209-7.538]、3.1 [2.103-4.663] 和 6.4 [4.184-9.826]倍。PS和缺乏SS可预测所有性别和所有状态下的SB。讨论与结论。研究结果表明，无论是在流行病学风险情况下，还是在日常生活中，心理保健以及早期识别、及时有效地治疗大学生自杀风险因素都非常重要。
{"title":"Predictive Factors for Suicidal Behaviors among University Students in the North-Central Region of Mexico","authors":"Yolanda Bañuelos Barrera, Nancy Griselda Pérez Briones, Perla María Trejo Ortiz, B. J. Lara Reyes, Eloína Ruiz Sánchez, Emiliano Javier Argüello","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Suicide is a public health problem with multifactorial etiology affecting all age groups. In Mexico, the suicide rate was 6.5 suicides per 100,000 population in 2021. Objective. To determine the predictive factors for suicidal behaviors (SB) in college students in the north-central region of Mexico. Method. A descriptive, comparative, analytical study was conducted of 1,147 randomly selected college students. Sociodemographic data, alcohol consumption (AC), perceived stress (PS), social support (SS) and suicidal behavior (SB), suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempt (SA) and suicide risk (SR) were measured. Data analysis in SPSS included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. The mean age of study participants was 20.2 years, with a female predominance (82.2%). Prevalence rates for SB were 62% for SI, 14.9% for SA, and 18.3% for SR. In regard to predictive factors for SB, risky, harmful, or dependent AC increased SR 1.7-fold [1.071-2.926]. At the same time, not having SS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], and 3.6 respectively. Higher PS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1[2.103-4.663] and 6.4 [4.184-9.826] respectively. PS and lack of SS predict SB in both sexes and across all states. Discussion and Conclusion. The results show the importance of mental health care, in both epidemiologically risky situations and everyday life, together with the early identification, and timely, effective treatment of suicide risk factors in university students.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.003
César Dalí González-Gastélum, Luis Daniel Ávila-Gámez, Claudia Iveth Briseño-Robles, Norma Carolina Morales-García, Ana Irais Becerra-Durand, Mauricio Frías-Mendívil
Introduction. Pregnancy, being a situation of vulnerability and with its inherent changes, places women at a great risk of depression. In Mexico, the prevalence of probable depression in pregnant women treated at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, was 17.8%, assessed using the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS). To date, there are no data regarding this issue in Sonora. Objective. To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in pregnant women treated at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora (México). Method. An observational, descriptive, transversal, and prospective study was conducted in 2021, applying the EPDS in 168 2nd/3rd trimester pregnant women, selected by non-probabilistic sampling by consecutive cases. Sociodemographic variables, pathological/non-pathological, gynecological, and obstetrical personal history were explored. The analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables; for qualitative variables, frequency and percentage; χ2 test to assess differences in distribution of depressive symptomatology by age and the rest of variables. Results. A global prevalence of “probable depression” of 14.3% was determined. The majority, within 20-29 age group, with a partner and a planned/desired pregnancy. High school educational level, 50%. History of intimate partner violence, 54.2%. Almost 40%, primigravida. Substance use, denied. Overweight/obesity, in 70%. Discussion and conclusion. There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, going unnoticed for reasons such as insufficient knowledge (patient/health care providers), since there is no routine screening. It is imperative to work on prevention, detection and treatment, since it entails multiple consequences at a binomial, family, and social level.
{"title":"Depressive symptoms in pregnant women treated at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora","authors":"César Dalí González-Gastélum, Luis Daniel Ávila-Gámez, Claudia Iveth Briseño-Robles, Norma Carolina Morales-García, Ana Irais Becerra-Durand, Mauricio Frías-Mendívil","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Pregnancy, being a situation of vulnerability and with its inherent changes, places women at a great risk of depression. In Mexico, the prevalence of probable depression in pregnant women treated at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, was 17.8%, assessed using the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS). To date, there are no data regarding this issue in Sonora. Objective. To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in pregnant women treated at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora (México). Method. An observational, descriptive, transversal, and prospective study was conducted in 2021, applying the EPDS in 168 2nd/3rd trimester pregnant women, selected by non-probabilistic sampling by consecutive cases. Sociodemographic variables, pathological/non-pathological, gynecological, and obstetrical personal history were explored. The analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables; for qualitative variables, frequency and percentage; χ2 test to assess differences in distribution of depressive symptomatology by age and the rest of variables. Results. A global prevalence of “probable depression” of 14.3% was determined. The majority, within 20-29 age group, with a partner and a planned/desired pregnancy. High school educational level, 50%. History of intimate partner violence, 54.2%. Almost 40%, primigravida. Substance use, denied. Overweight/obesity, in 70%. Discussion and conclusion. There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, going unnoticed for reasons such as insufficient knowledge (patient/health care providers), since there is no routine screening. It is imperative to work on prevention, detection and treatment, since it entails multiple consequences at a binomial, family, and social level.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Although the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of vulnerable populations, such as adolescent mothers, very few studies have documented the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in this population. Objective. a) Determine the frequency of PPD (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] ≥ 9) in adolescent mothers before (AM-BP) and during (AM-DP) the pandemic, b) Examine psychosocial factors (self-esteem, maternal efficacy, social support, depression and anxiety in pregnancy, planned and wanted pregnancy) in AM-BP and AM-DP, and c) Determine whether being an AM-DP was a significant factor for experiencing PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Method. Cross sectional study. Subjects: Forty-one AM-BP recruited at Health Centers and interviewed face to face and forty-one AM-DP surveyed online. Results. PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) was 42% (p = .001) more frequent in AM-DP. The groups differed significantly in all psychosocial factors, with AM-DP faring worse. Unadjusted regressions showed that being an AM-DP, having lower maternal efficacy and self-esteem, greater dissatisfaction with social support, and depression and/or anxiety in pregnancy increased PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Adjusted multiple analysis indicated that lower self-esteem was the only factor to maintain its association with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9; p = .017). Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic negatively affected PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) and psychosocial factors in AM-DP, as compared to AM-BP, with self-esteem being the main factor associated with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). In situations of extreme stress as happened in the pandemic, the mental health of adolescent mothers should be prioritized to prevent negative effects such as PPD. PPD preventive and treatment interventions should consider strengthening self-esteem.
{"title":"Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support","authors":"Pamela Patiño, María Asunción Lara, Corina Benjet, Asunción Álvarez-del Río, Feliciano Bartolo Solís","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Although the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of vulnerable populations, such as adolescent mothers, very few studies have documented the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in this population. Objective. a) Determine the frequency of PPD (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] ≥ 9) in adolescent mothers before (AM-BP) and during (AM-DP) the pandemic, b) Examine psychosocial factors (self-esteem, maternal efficacy, social support, depression and anxiety in pregnancy, planned and wanted pregnancy) in AM-BP and AM-DP, and c) Determine whether being an AM-DP was a significant factor for experiencing PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Method. Cross sectional study. Subjects: Forty-one AM-BP recruited at Health Centers and interviewed face to face and forty-one AM-DP surveyed online. Results. PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) was 42% (p = .001) more frequent in AM-DP. The groups differed significantly in all psychosocial factors, with AM-DP faring worse. Unadjusted regressions showed that being an AM-DP, having lower maternal efficacy and self-esteem, greater dissatisfaction with social support, and depression and/or anxiety in pregnancy increased PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Adjusted multiple analysis indicated that lower self-esteem was the only factor to maintain its association with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9; p = .017). Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic negatively affected PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) and psychosocial factors in AM-DP, as compared to AM-BP, with self-esteem being the main factor associated with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). In situations of extreme stress as happened in the pandemic, the mental health of adolescent mothers should be prioritized to prevent negative effects such as PPD. PPD preventive and treatment interventions should consider strengthening self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.001
M. Flores-Ramos, Philippe Leff-Gelman
{"title":"Perinatal mental health: The launching spot to our mental health","authors":"M. Flores-Ramos, Philippe Leff-Gelman","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.005
Karla Flores-Celis, Martha Cordero Oropeza, L. Ramos-Lira
Introduction. Reproductive autonomy enables a person to freely decide their life plan, including sexual and reproductive health. However, its exercise can be constrained by health determinants and other structural conditions. Knowing the background of women who undergo a Legal Interruption of Pregnancy (LIP) helps identify patterns of inequality and their impact on the exercise of reproductive autonomy. Objective. To analyze the profile of women who legally terminate a pregnancy in Mexico City. Method. Latent class analysis, with the participation of 274 women who terminated a first trimester pregnancy at a public facility. Results. Model of two latent classes: adult (68.34%) and young women (31.65%). Stigma was the predictor variable for class; the higher the score, the lower the probability of belonging to the adult group (p = .019). Adult women were characterized by having lower educational attainment, engaging in unpaid activities, having at least one child, and having had previous abortions, having experienced intimate partner violence in the past twelve months and reporting that their partners did not agree with the interruption of their pregnancy. Young women were students, partnered and reported that their partners had agreed with them to request an abortion. Discussion and conclusion. Despite the legal changes effected, stigma is still present in the abortion demand and access, particularly for women with certain characteristics. It would be useful to include interventions to reduce stigma in counseling, using an approach based on previous experience.
{"title":"Psychosocial profiles of women who legally terminated a pregnancy in Mexico City","authors":"Karla Flores-Celis, Martha Cordero Oropeza, L. Ramos-Lira","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Reproductive autonomy enables a person to freely decide their life plan, including sexual and reproductive health. However, its exercise can be constrained by health determinants and other structural conditions. Knowing the background of women who undergo a Legal Interruption of Pregnancy (LIP) helps identify patterns of inequality and their impact on the exercise of reproductive autonomy. Objective. To analyze the profile of women who legally terminate a pregnancy in Mexico City. Method. Latent class analysis, with the participation of 274 women who terminated a first trimester pregnancy at a public facility. Results. Model of two latent classes: adult (68.34%) and young women (31.65%). Stigma was the predictor variable for class; the higher the score, the lower the probability of belonging to the adult group (p = .019). Adult women were characterized by having lower educational attainment, engaging in unpaid activities, having at least one child, and having had previous abortions, having experienced intimate partner violence in the past twelve months and reporting that their partners did not agree with the interruption of their pregnancy. Young women were students, partnered and reported that their partners had agreed with them to request an abortion. Discussion and conclusion. Despite the legal changes effected, stigma is still present in the abortion demand and access, particularly for women with certain characteristics. It would be useful to include interventions to reduce stigma in counseling, using an approach based on previous experience.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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