Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033
J. Díaz-Sánchez, Héctor Solís-Chagoyán, G. Benítez-King
Background. Since schizophrenia is a multifactorial mental illness, a basic understanding of its etiological components improves its understanding, diagnosis, and the selection of therapeutic targets. Objective. To identify the prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenic or ultra-high risk (UHR) patients and elucidate their specificity. Method. Narrative review of relevant sources in English and Spanish in the Medline-PubMed database on minor physical abnormalities, cognitive abnormalities, neuroanatomical, and synaptic and cell changes present in schizophrenic patients and/or subjects with a high risk of developing schizophrenia Results. Patients with SZ and, to a lesser extent, UHR subjects present phenotypic and behavioral manifestations that correlate with underlying cell processes. The study of the latter makes it possible to characterize diagnostic biomarkers. At present, its clinical application is limited by factors such as poorly understood pathophysiology, lack of study models, homology with other psychiatric disorders, and the dearth of clinical trials conducted. Discussion and conclusion. Schizophrenia is the final manifestation of damage to prenatal and post-natal neurodevelopment and is reflected during the prodromal stage in early biological markers with clinical relevance. It is necessary to establish new study models that will increase knowledge to offer specific biomarkers for use in early clinical diagnosis.
{"title":"Prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenia: Importance for the dopamine, glutamate, and neurodevelopmental hypothesis","authors":"J. Díaz-Sánchez, Héctor Solís-Chagoyán, G. Benítez-King","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Since schizophrenia is a multifactorial mental illness, a basic understanding of its etiological components improves its understanding, diagnosis, and the selection of therapeutic targets. Objective. To identify the prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenic or ultra-high risk (UHR) patients and elucidate their specificity. Method. Narrative review of relevant sources in English and Spanish in the Medline-PubMed database on minor physical abnormalities, cognitive abnormalities, neuroanatomical, and synaptic and cell changes present in schizophrenic patients and/or subjects with a high risk of developing schizophrenia Results. Patients with SZ and, to a lesser extent, UHR subjects present phenotypic and behavioral manifestations that correlate with underlying cell processes. The study of the latter makes it possible to characterize diagnostic biomarkers. At present, its clinical application is limited by factors such as poorly understood pathophysiology, lack of study models, homology with other psychiatric disorders, and the dearth of clinical trials conducted. Discussion and conclusion. Schizophrenia is the final manifestation of damage to prenatal and post-natal neurodevelopment and is reflected during the prodromal stage in early biological markers with clinical relevance. It is necessary to establish new study models that will increase knowledge to offer specific biomarkers for use in early clinical diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77453415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031
Victor Israel Cervera-Solís, Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Suárez, J. Cortés Sotres, José Octavio Hernández Lagunas, A. Díaz-Anzaldúa
Introduction. The mother and child attachment could have an important and long-lasting impact. An insecure attachment could lead to emotional development difficulties. It has been suggested that maternal care in infants is associated with personality. However, more studies in adults are needed. Objective. To determine if attachment styles in subjects with affective or anxiety disorders are associated with the expression of personality traits, and if this effect can be modulated by the presence of the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. Method. Our sample included 87 patients with mood or anxiety disorders. The NEO-PI-R questionnaire and the Adult Attachment questionnaire by Melero were used. Results. Insecure attachment styles were associated with a higher expression of neuroticism, and a lower expression of extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, especially in individuals with the most insecure attachment. An interaction was identified between the attachment style and the 5-HTTLPR genotype on the expression of agreeableness. Higher neuroticism, and lower extraversion and conscientiousness tended to be present in carriers of the S allele. Discussion and conclusion. There was a significant association between the attachment styles and the expression of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness-responsibility according to the Big Five Model. The short allele may be associated with the modulation of certain aspects of personality. Prevention strategies should be established to promote adequate attachments between infants and caregivers to avoid a possible risk factor for future maladaptive personality traits.
{"title":"Attachment styles predict personality traits according to a pilot study of patients with anxiety and mood disorders","authors":"Victor Israel Cervera-Solís, Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Suárez, J. Cortés Sotres, José Octavio Hernández Lagunas, A. Díaz-Anzaldúa","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The mother and child attachment could have an important and long-lasting impact. An insecure attachment could lead to emotional development difficulties. It has been suggested that maternal care in infants is associated with personality. However, more studies in adults are needed. Objective. To determine if attachment styles in subjects with affective or anxiety disorders are associated with the expression of personality traits, and if this effect can be modulated by the presence of the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. Method. Our sample included 87 patients with mood or anxiety disorders. The NEO-PI-R questionnaire and the Adult Attachment questionnaire by Melero were used. Results. Insecure attachment styles were associated with a higher expression of neuroticism, and a lower expression of extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, especially in individuals with the most insecure attachment. An interaction was identified between the attachment style and the 5-HTTLPR genotype on the expression of agreeableness. Higher neuroticism, and lower extraversion and conscientiousness tended to be present in carriers of the S allele. Discussion and conclusion. There was a significant association between the attachment styles and the expression of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness-responsibility according to the Big Five Model. The short allele may be associated with the modulation of certain aspects of personality. Prevention strategies should be established to promote adequate attachments between infants and caregivers to avoid a possible risk factor for future maladaptive personality traits.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77171403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028
C. Buizza, J. Dagani, C. Ferrari, Herald Cela, A. Ghilardi
Introduction. College students live a crucial period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood when they have to deal with important stressful tasks. Thus, university often represents a stressful environment, pushing students to cope with a high academic pressure. As a result, this period constitutes a sensitive age for the onset of mental disorders. Typically, students are not aware of the early signs of their own compromised mental health until symptoms aggravate to an overt disorder. Therefore, it is important to timely detect subthreshold symptoms mostly related to generic mental distress. Objective. First, to assess psychophysical well-being and mental distress among college students in northern Italy, and to detect predictors, among socio-demographic and academic characteristics, and risky drug use of these two outcomes. Method. The study involved 13,886 students who received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. The questionnaires used were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the University Stress Scale (USS), and a modified version of World Health Organization-ASSIST v3.0. Results. 3,754 students completed the web-survey. Students showed poor well-being and mental distress. The strongest predictor of mental distress and compromised well-being was physical health, followed by sex, study field, risky drug use, and academic performance concerns. Discussion and conclusion. This study shows that it is very important to promote in college students healthy behaviors in order to increase their physical exercise and reduce substance use. Moreover, it would be desirable to improve academic counselling facilities as an important front-line service to intercept mental health issues among young adults.
{"title":"Machine learning approaches to identify profiles and predictors of psychosocial discomfort among Italian college students","authors":"C. Buizza, J. Dagani, C. Ferrari, Herald Cela, A. Ghilardi","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. College students live a crucial period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood when they have to deal with important stressful tasks. Thus, university often represents a stressful environment, pushing students to cope with a high academic pressure. As a result, this period constitutes a sensitive age for the onset of mental disorders. Typically, students are not aware of the early signs of their own compromised mental health until symptoms aggravate to an overt disorder. Therefore, it is important to timely detect subthreshold symptoms mostly related to generic mental distress. Objective. First, to assess psychophysical well-being and mental distress among college students in northern Italy, and to detect predictors, among socio-demographic and academic characteristics, and risky drug use of these two outcomes. Method. The study involved 13,886 students who received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. The questionnaires used were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the University Stress Scale (USS), and a modified version of World Health Organization-ASSIST v3.0. Results. 3,754 students completed the web-survey. Students showed poor well-being and mental distress. The strongest predictor of mental distress and compromised well-being was physical health, followed by sex, study field, risky drug use, and academic performance concerns. Discussion and conclusion. This study shows that it is very important to promote in college students healthy behaviors in order to increase their physical exercise and reduce substance use. Moreover, it would be desirable to improve academic counselling facilities as an important front-line service to intercept mental health issues among young adults.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78624681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.027
S. Barquera
{"title":"Intersection of public health, nutrition, and mental health: Challenges to progress","authors":"S. Barquera","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90225336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032
M. Salman, Z. Mustafa, Abdul Wahab Javaid, N. Shehzadi, Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Yusra Habib Khan, F. Masood, K. Hussain
Introduction. Disease phobia may impose distressing manifestations along with compromised quality of life, particularly in young age. COVID-19 caused substantial psychological concerns in general population which required the attention of health authorities to address the issue as soon as possible. Objective. This study was aimed to determine COVID-19 phobia in Pakistani youth during the current pandemic. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted to ascertain the extent of fear of COVID-19 among university students in Lahore, Pakistan using the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Psychological, somatic, social, and economic factors were ascertained among students. The relationship of demographics with the phobia score was determined through appropriate statistical tests. Result. This study included 374 students with a male preponderance (64.7%). The mean C19P-S score was 59.08 ± 14.44 (IQR: 50 - 70), with no significant difference among demographics except gender (male 57.65 ± 14.77 vs female 61.70 ± 13.47; p = .009). The mean psychological, psycho-somatic, economic, and social subscale scores were 19.59 ± 5.00 (25th percentile = 16 and 75th percentile = 24), 12.29 ± 4.56 (25th percentile = 10 and 75th percentile = 15), 11.22 ± 3.67 (25th percentile = 8 and 75th percentile = 14) and 15.97 ± 4.04 (25th percentile = 13.75 and 75th percentile = 19), respectively. Male students had a significantly lower score on social and psychological subscales than females (p #abr# .05). Discussion and conclusion. One fourth of the students achieved a fear score #cer# 70 on C19P-S. These results indicate the need of dire maneuvers for reducing corona-phobia among university students.
{"title":"Assessment of corona-phobia in university students with the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S): A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"M. Salman, Z. Mustafa, Abdul Wahab Javaid, N. Shehzadi, Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Yusra Habib Khan, F. Masood, K. Hussain","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Disease phobia may impose distressing manifestations along with compromised quality of life, particularly in young age. COVID-19 caused substantial psychological concerns in general population which required the attention of health authorities to address the issue as soon as possible. Objective. This study was aimed to determine COVID-19 phobia in Pakistani youth during the current pandemic. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted to ascertain the extent of fear of COVID-19 among university students in Lahore, Pakistan using the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Psychological, somatic, social, and economic factors were ascertained among students. The relationship of demographics with the phobia score was determined through appropriate statistical tests. Result. This study included 374 students with a male preponderance (64.7%). The mean C19P-S score was 59.08 ± 14.44 (IQR: 50 - 70), with no significant difference among demographics except gender (male 57.65 ± 14.77 vs female 61.70 ± 13.47; p = .009). The mean psychological, psycho-somatic, economic, and social subscale scores were 19.59 ± 5.00 (25th percentile = 16 and 75th percentile = 24), 12.29 ± 4.56 (25th percentile = 10 and 75th percentile = 15), 11.22 ± 3.67 (25th percentile = 8 and 75th percentile = 14) and 15.97 ± 4.04 (25th percentile = 13.75 and 75th percentile = 19), respectively. Male students had a significantly lower score on social and psychological subscales than females (p #abr# .05). Discussion and conclusion. One fourth of the students achieved a fear score #cer# 70 on C19P-S. These results indicate the need of dire maneuvers for reducing corona-phobia among university students.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"230 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77005696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.022
Georgina Perez Liz, Andy Torres, A. Ramírez, Cecilia Montiel Nava
Introduction. The COVID-19 lockdown has posed new challenges for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including service suspension and reductions in support. Objective. To explore the perspectives of caregivers on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on people with ASD in Mexico. Method. 126 caregivers from Mexico completed a survey on the impact of lockdown on people with ASD. Results. Suspension of at least one service was reported for 38.9% of subjects, with no significant association being found between symptom worsening and service administration modality. Discussion and conclusion. Service suspension for people with ASD in Mexico has been a side effect of the pandemic, negatively impacting their behavior. Results indicate that certain services could be remotely maintained and provided to individuals with ASD in underserved areas.
{"title":"Repercussions of the COVID-19 lockdown for autistic people in Mexico: The caregivers’ perspective","authors":"Georgina Perez Liz, Andy Torres, A. Ramírez, Cecilia Montiel Nava","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The COVID-19 lockdown has posed new challenges for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including service suspension and reductions in support. Objective. To explore the perspectives of caregivers on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on people with ASD in Mexico. Method. 126 caregivers from Mexico completed a survey on the impact of lockdown on people with ASD. Results. Suspension of at least one service was reported for 38.9% of subjects, with no significant association being found between symptom worsening and service administration modality. Discussion and conclusion. Service suspension for people with ASD in Mexico has been a side effect of the pandemic, negatively impacting their behavior. Results indicate that certain services could be remotely maintained and provided to individuals with ASD in underserved areas.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72591334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024
Consuelo Cervantes-Muñoz, J. Mora-Ríos, Teresa Saltijeral-Méndez, L. Ramos-Lira
Introduction. After several months of COVID-19 lockdown, addressing the implications related to the emotional distress and well-being of the population during confinement has become increasingly evident. Objective. To explore, through a lexicometric and content-based approach, the responses related to discomfort and emotional well-being during the first confinement due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Method. Subjects included 2,555 adults in Mexico, mainly women (78.3%), with an average age of 46. Data were drawn from an online survey published on social networks from June 3 to July 5, 2020. The open answers of the subjects about discomfort and emotional well-being during lockdown, together with suggestions to improve the handling of the pandemic, were analyzed using word frequency analysis (clouds) and thematic content analysis. Result. Findings highlighted the implications of lockdown, including loss of social interaction, teleworking and overexposure to the news, associated with discomfort. In turn, activities related to self-care, doing household repairs, and sharing activities with the family were linked to well-being. Discussion and conclusion. Findings show that time was a key factor to transition from well-being to boredom, where space and material resources played a preponderant role during confinement.
{"title":"Implications of the COVID-19 lockdown for the emotional well-being of the adult population in Mexico","authors":"Consuelo Cervantes-Muñoz, J. Mora-Ríos, Teresa Saltijeral-Méndez, L. Ramos-Lira","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. After several months of COVID-19 lockdown, addressing the implications related to the emotional distress and well-being of the population during confinement has become increasingly evident. Objective. To explore, through a lexicometric and content-based approach, the responses related to discomfort and emotional well-being during the first confinement due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Method. Subjects included 2,555 adults in Mexico, mainly women (78.3%), with an average age of 46. Data were drawn from an online survey published on social networks from June 3 to July 5, 2020. The open answers of the subjects about discomfort and emotional well-being during lockdown, together with suggestions to improve the handling of the pandemic, were analyzed using word frequency analysis (clouds) and thematic content analysis. Result. Findings highlighted the implications of lockdown, including loss of social interaction, teleworking and overexposure to the news, associated with discomfort. In turn, activities related to self-care, doing household repairs, and sharing activities with the family were linked to well-being. Discussion and conclusion. Findings show that time was a key factor to transition from well-being to boredom, where space and material resources played a preponderant role during confinement.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80847234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025
I. Vargas-Huicochea, S. Berenzon, S. A. Tafoya, Diana Guízar-Sánchez, N. Kelsall, A. Rodríguez-Machain, Atenea Lanz-Uribe
Introduction. During COVID-19, health workers faced increased stress accentuated by gender roles, such as motherhood. Objective. This study analyzed the characteristics of a group of physicians-mothers, its impact on mental health, and their experiences during this pandemic. Method. Mixed methods study using an online survey to investigate sociodemographic, family, emotional, and professional aspects, in addition to the personal experience of 537 doctors-mothers during the first stage of COVID-19. Results. Due to the pandemic, most of the participants changed their daily activities. The hours dedicated to professional work (HM = 5.08, p #abr# .0001), childcare (HM = 3.74, p #abr# .0001), and food planning and preparation (HM = -6.96, p #abr# .0001) were increased, while the hours dedicated to physical exercise (MH = 8.67, p #abr# .0001) and personal care (MH = 9.54, p #abr# .0001) decreased. It has been pointed out that this pandemic has generated a lack of well-defined spaces, resulting in multitasking. Fear and guilt were two common words in the speeches of the participants. Fear of getting sick and dying, or fear of infecting their families. Guilt at feeling that they did not play a good role either as doctors or as mothers. Most common psychological symptoms were insomnia, sadness or discouragement, and constant worry or tension. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic evidenced and exacerbated both the disparities faced by these female doctors in the medical field, as well as the inequity in housework and home-care. The loss of boundaries between the public and the private showed the mothers-doctor struggling to reconcile their personal and professional life with substantial repercussions for their mental health.
介绍。在2019冠状病毒病期间，卫生工作者面临着性别角色(如母亲)加剧的压力。目标。这项研究分析了一组医生母亲的特征、对心理健康的影响以及她们在这次大流行期间的经历。方法。混合方法研究通过在线调查调查社会人口、家庭、情感和专业方面，以及537名医生母亲在COVID-19第一阶段的个人经历。结果。由于疫情，大多数参与者改变了他们的日常活动。从事专业工作(HM = 5.08, p #abr# .0001)、儿童保育(HM = 3.74, p #abr# .0001)和食物计划和准备(HM = -6.96, p #abr# .0001)的时间有所增加，而从事体育锻炼(HM = 8.67, p #abr# .0001)和个人护理(MH = 9.54, p #abr# .0001)的时间有所减少。有人指出，这次大流行病造成缺乏明确界定的空间，导致多任务处理。恐惧和内疚是参与者演讲中常见的两个词。害怕生病和死亡，或者害怕感染他们的家人。内疚的感觉，他们没有发挥良好的作用，无论是作为医生或母亲。最常见的心理症状是失眠、悲伤或沮丧、持续的担忧或紧张。讨论与结论。大流行病证明并加剧了这些女医生在医疗领域面临的不平等，以及家务和家庭护理方面的不平等。公共和私人之间界限的丧失表明，身为母亲的医生正在努力调和她们的个人生活和职业生活，这对她们的心理健康产生了重大影响。
{"title":"Doctoring and mothering during the SARS-COV2 pandemic: Characteristics of physicians-mothers during COVID-19 and their impact on mental health","authors":"I. Vargas-Huicochea, S. Berenzon, S. A. Tafoya, Diana Guízar-Sánchez, N. Kelsall, A. Rodríguez-Machain, Atenea Lanz-Uribe","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. During COVID-19, health workers faced increased stress accentuated by gender roles, such as motherhood. Objective. This study analyzed the characteristics of a group of physicians-mothers, its impact on mental health, and their experiences during this pandemic. Method. Mixed methods study using an online survey to investigate sociodemographic, family, emotional, and professional aspects, in addition to the personal experience of 537 doctors-mothers during the first stage of COVID-19. Results. Due to the pandemic, most of the participants changed their daily activities. The hours dedicated to professional work (HM = 5.08, p #abr# .0001), childcare (HM = 3.74, p #abr# .0001), and food planning and preparation (HM = -6.96, p #abr# .0001) were increased, while the hours dedicated to physical exercise (MH = 8.67, p #abr# .0001) and personal care (MH = 9.54, p #abr# .0001) decreased. It has been pointed out that this pandemic has generated a lack of well-defined spaces, resulting in multitasking. Fear and guilt were two common words in the speeches of the participants. Fear of getting sick and dying, or fear of infecting their families. Guilt at feeling that they did not play a good role either as doctors or as mothers. Most common psychological symptoms were insomnia, sadness or discouragement, and constant worry or tension. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic evidenced and exacerbated both the disparities faced by these female doctors in the medical field, as well as the inequity in housework and home-care. The loss of boundaries between the public and the private showed the mothers-doctor struggling to reconcile their personal and professional life with substantial repercussions for their mental health.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85238703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.026
J. F. Mora-Romo
Background. The chronic aspect that begins to characterize long COVID appeals to the need for interventions proposed by institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to manage the disease, emphasizing behavioral change and self-care. Objective. To perform a narrative review of the psychological literature that offers intervention strategies in alignment with the recommendations of the long COVID management guidelines proposed by WHO and NICE. Method. MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, and CONRICYT databases were consulted, using Boolean operators and keywords for an exhaustive search. Results. The contributions of the studies were categorized into five intervention strategies based on WHO and NICE recommendation guidelines: Psychoeducation, Self-care, Support networks, Relaxation, and Goal setting. These are given a brief introduction and their relevance to the management of long COVID symptomatology is described. Discussion and conclusion. The persistent condition of COVID-19 symptoms makes it necessary to recognize that lifestyle changes must be made, primarily focused on health care and prevention of worsening disease sequelae. These lifestyle changes can be achieved through behavior modification, focusing on protective factors such as education, self-care, support networks, relaxation techniques and, setting appropriate goals.
背景。长期COVID开始表现出的慢性方面，呼吁世界卫生组织(世卫组织)和国家卫生与保健卓越研究所(NICE)等机构提出干预措施，以管理疾病，强调行为改变和自我保健。目标。对心理学文献进行叙述性审查，根据世卫组织和NICE提出的COVID管理长期指南的建议，提供干预策略。方法。参考MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane和CONRICYT数据库，使用布尔运算符和关键字进行穷尽搜索。结果。根据WHO和NICE的推荐指南，这些研究的贡献被分为五种干预策略:心理教育、自我护理、支持网络、放松和目标设定。对这些进行了简要介绍，并描述了它们与长COVID症状管理的相关性。讨论与结论。COVID-19症状的持续状态使我们有必要认识到，必须改变生活方式，主要关注卫生保健和预防疾病后遗症恶化。这些生活方式的改变可以通过行为矫正来实现，注重保护因素，如教育、自我照顾、支持网络、放松技巧和设定适当的目标。
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