{"title":"Narcotics Anonymous: An Obstacle to Methadone Maintenance Treatment","authors":"Kamaledin Alaedini, Maryam Sefidgarnia","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-139534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-139534","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135342414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nader Aghakhani, Mohammad Delirrad, Mohammad Hazrati
{"title":"Perceived Social Support: An Overlooked Approach in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program","authors":"Nader Aghakhani, Mohammad Delirrad, Mohammad Hazrati","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-141492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-141492","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"321 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Look at Factitious Disorder with Respect to Lost-Object Identification in response to “Epistaxis: An Unusual Presentation of Factitious Disorder”","authors":"Arghavan Fariborzifar, Forouzan Elyasi","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-136875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-136875","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"93 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135774521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Miners are frequently exposed to toxic metals in the environment. Excessive intake of heavy metals, such as arsenic, lead, and copper, is neurotoxic and promotes neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the creativity among personnel of the Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex, the second-largest copper deposit worldwide. Methods: The research population included personnel working at the Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex in Rafsanjan, southeast Iran. The convenience sampling method was used to identify 204 participants based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Convergent and divergent thinking were assessed using the remote associates test (RAT) and the alternative uses test (AUT), respectively. Results: The total mean scores of RAT and AUT were 3.05 ± 2.05 and 10.91 ± 6.63, respectively. The mean scores of both AUT and RAT in miners with more than 10 years of work experience were lower than others. Moreover, AUT scores were lower in miners who used opium and also in those who were less educated (with no college or university education). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that cognitive abilities might be more affected in copper miners. However, more future studies using two groups of miners and non-miners are needed to conduct a more accurate interpretation.
{"title":"Investigation of Creative Cognition among Miners at Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex","authors":"Movahedeh Mohammadi, Tabandeh Sadeghi, Soghra Akbari Chermahini, Narjes Soltani, Majid Saadloo, Dariush Zeiaee Pour, Majid Alizadeh, Ayat Kaeedi, Ali Shamsizadeh","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-136126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-136126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Miners are frequently exposed to toxic metals in the environment. Excessive intake of heavy metals, such as arsenic, lead, and copper, is neurotoxic and promotes neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the creativity among personnel of the Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex, the second-largest copper deposit worldwide. Methods: The research population included personnel working at the Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex in Rafsanjan, southeast Iran. The convenience sampling method was used to identify 204 participants based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Convergent and divergent thinking were assessed using the remote associates test (RAT) and the alternative uses test (AUT), respectively. Results: The total mean scores of RAT and AUT were 3.05 ± 2.05 and 10.91 ± 6.63, respectively. The mean scores of both AUT and RAT in miners with more than 10 years of work experience were lower than others. Moreover, AUT scores were lower in miners who used opium and also in those who were less educated (with no college or university education). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that cognitive abilities might be more affected in copper miners. However, more future studies using two groups of miners and non-miners are needed to conduct a more accurate interpretation.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"56 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135221548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Family-focused therapy (FFT) has been developed to address the significant impairments in psychosocial functioning among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of FFT combined with drug therapy in patient support in managing this disorder. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 50 patients and their caregivers were randomly divided into 2 groups: a drug therapy group that only received medication and a family therapy group that received 15 one-hour sessions of FFT with their caregivers in addition to medication. The Expressed Emotion Questionnaire (EEQ), a modified version of the standard internal label questionnaire for the mentally ill, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life–Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) were used in the present study. Data were analyzed using the t-test. Results: Expressed emotion (EE) significantly decreased in the family therapy group (P = 0.001). Also, mental health and social health were better in the family therapy group than in the drug therapy group (P = 0.001). Nevertheless, no significant change was observed in the dimensions of physical and environmental health in both groups. The results of the study were relatively stable in all measurements in follow-up, except for the stigma. Conclusions: Significant improvements were observed in EE and quality of life (QOL) in the family therapy group. This difference was not statistically significant in the stigma score despite the difference in the means of the 2 groups.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Family-Focused Therapy in Bipolar Patients in Zahedan City, Iran: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Maryam Yosefi Tabas, Fereshte Momeni, Nour-Mohammad Bakhshani, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Omid Rezaei","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-138878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-138878","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Family-focused therapy (FFT) has been developed to address the significant impairments in psychosocial functioning among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of FFT combined with drug therapy in patient support in managing this disorder. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 50 patients and their caregivers were randomly divided into 2 groups: a drug therapy group that only received medication and a family therapy group that received 15 one-hour sessions of FFT with their caregivers in addition to medication. The Expressed Emotion Questionnaire (EEQ), a modified version of the standard internal label questionnaire for the mentally ill, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life–Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) were used in the present study. Data were analyzed using the t-test. Results: Expressed emotion (EE) significantly decreased in the family therapy group (P = 0.001). Also, mental health and social health were better in the family therapy group than in the drug therapy group (P = 0.001). Nevertheless, no significant change was observed in the dimensions of physical and environmental health in both groups. The results of the study were relatively stable in all measurements in follow-up, except for the stigma. Conclusions: Significant improvements were observed in EE and quality of life (QOL) in the family therapy group. This difference was not statistically significant in the stigma score despite the difference in the means of the 2 groups.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"72 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135320656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahram Hajirezaei, Abolfazl Mohammadi, Robert Cloninger, Jorden Cummings, Imaneh Abasi, Mehdi Soleimani
Background: Cloninger first proposed the personality theory, considering both normal and abnormal personality traits. Later, different complementary versions of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) found their way into the academic milieu to enhance their psychometric properties and efficiency in both experimental and clinical settings. Objectives: The main objective of the current research was to investigate the principal psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140). Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study. The data included information on psychiatric outpatients visiting Roozbeh psychiatric hospital in 9 months in 2021. Purposive sampling was performed on volunteers. A total of 471 outpatients filled out the TCI-140, 150 of whom also filled out the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) by Promax rotation. Results: The internal consistency of all dimensions (Cronbach's alpha: above 0.70, except for reward dependence) was proved to be satisfactory, but that of some subscales (NS1, NS4, RD4, CO3, and CO5) was quite poor. Test-retest reliability confirmed that for all dimensions, ICC > 0.70, indicating a high reliability. The findings of the PCA revealed that all dimensions were loaded in accordance with the theoretical expectations. At the facet level, all the facets were loaded on their factors except for sentimentality and dependence. According to the correlation findings, the concurrent validity of TCI-140 was acceptable for PID-5. The results showed that HA had relatively high positive correlations with detachment (r = 0.55) and negative affect (r = 0.48). Conclusions: The results confirmed the satisfactory reliability and validity of the Persian version of TCI-140 despite its drawbacks. Hence, it can be employed to examine personality traits.
{"title":"(1-4)Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140) in a Psychiatric Outpatient Sample in Iran","authors":"Shahram Hajirezaei, Abolfazl Mohammadi, Robert Cloninger, Jorden Cummings, Imaneh Abasi, Mehdi Soleimani","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-127391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-127391","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cloninger first proposed the personality theory, considering both normal and abnormal personality traits. Later, different complementary versions of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) found their way into the academic milieu to enhance their psychometric properties and efficiency in both experimental and clinical settings. Objectives: The main objective of the current research was to investigate the principal psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140). Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study. The data included information on psychiatric outpatients visiting Roozbeh psychiatric hospital in 9 months in 2021. Purposive sampling was performed on volunteers. A total of 471 outpatients filled out the TCI-140, 150 of whom also filled out the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) by Promax rotation. Results: The internal consistency of all dimensions (Cronbach's alpha: above 0.70, except for reward dependence) was proved to be satisfactory, but that of some subscales (NS1, NS4, RD4, CO3, and CO5) was quite poor. Test-retest reliability confirmed that for all dimensions, ICC > 0.70, indicating a high reliability. The findings of the PCA revealed that all dimensions were loaded in accordance with the theoretical expectations. At the facet level, all the facets were loaded on their factors except for sentimentality and dependence. According to the correlation findings, the concurrent validity of TCI-140 was acceptable for PID-5. The results showed that HA had relatively high positive correlations with detachment (r = 0.55) and negative affect (r = 0.48). Conclusions: The results confirmed the satisfactory reliability and validity of the Persian version of TCI-140 despite its drawbacks. Hence, it can be employed to examine personality traits.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"67 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Many studies have investigated the rate of suicide attempts and their risk factors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, the results are still challenging. Objectives: This study investigated and compared the risk factors effective in suicide attempts during the pandemic period and one year before. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran, Iran. Random sampling included all patients in the inpatient ward who were over 12 years of age and committed suicide during the pandemic within October 1, 2021, to August 30, 2022 (case group; n = 160) or one year before within March 11, 2019, to March 11, 2020 (control group; n = 160). Demographic information, mental-psychological status, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the patients in the case group, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, were recorded during face-to-face interviews using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire by study staff trained and supervised by a clinical psychiatrist. Additionally, the data of the patients in the control group were retrospectively recorded during the review of medical records and telephone interviews. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the variables in the case group before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The Student’s t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the variables between the case and control groups. Additionally, to determine the risk factors predicting suicide attempts during the pandemic, a multivariable logistic regression test was used. The data were analyzed using PASW18 software. Results: The results showed that the patients in the case and control groups had significant differences in terms of age (P = 0.01), underlying mental disorders (P = 0.032), and parental relationship (P = 0.001). Moreover, the variables of suicidal ideation (P = 0.002), feeling lonely (P = 0.023), sleep disorder (P = 0.32), and domestic violence (P = 0.004) in the case group were significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the comparison of these variables in the patients of the case group, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, showed that the start of the pandemic triggered these factors and led to an increase in suicide attempts in this population. Finally, the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of SES, having a close friend, parental relationship, previous planning for suicide, domestic violence, and job loss could be considered predictive risk factors for suicide attempts during the pandemic period. Conclusions: According to the present study’s findings, the psychological and socioeconomic conditions triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic led to an increased likelihood of suicidal ideation or attempts in vulnerable individuals.
{"title":"Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Associated Risk Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic and One Year Before","authors":"Babak Mostafazadeh, Shahin Shadnia, Haleh Talaie, Mahdieh Golestani, Sanaz Pashapour, Mitra Rahimi, Peyman Erfantalab Evini, Sayed Masoud Hosseini","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-132735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-132735","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many studies have investigated the rate of suicide attempts and their risk factors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, the results are still challenging. Objectives: This study investigated and compared the risk factors effective in suicide attempts during the pandemic period and one year before. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran, Iran. Random sampling included all patients in the inpatient ward who were over 12 years of age and committed suicide during the pandemic within October 1, 2021, to August 30, 2022 (case group; n = 160) or one year before within March 11, 2019, to March 11, 2020 (control group; n = 160). Demographic information, mental-psychological status, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the patients in the case group, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, were recorded during face-to-face interviews using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire by study staff trained and supervised by a clinical psychiatrist. Additionally, the data of the patients in the control group were retrospectively recorded during the review of medical records and telephone interviews. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the variables in the case group before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The Student’s t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the variables between the case and control groups. Additionally, to determine the risk factors predicting suicide attempts during the pandemic, a multivariable logistic regression test was used. The data were analyzed using PASW18 software. Results: The results showed that the patients in the case and control groups had significant differences in terms of age (P = 0.01), underlying mental disorders (P = 0.032), and parental relationship (P = 0.001). Moreover, the variables of suicidal ideation (P = 0.002), feeling lonely (P = 0.023), sleep disorder (P = 0.32), and domestic violence (P = 0.004) in the case group were significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the comparison of these variables in the patients of the case group, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, showed that the start of the pandemic triggered these factors and led to an increase in suicide attempts in this population. Finally, the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of SES, having a close friend, parental relationship, previous planning for suicide, domestic violence, and job loss could be considered predictive risk factors for suicide attempts during the pandemic period. Conclusions: According to the present study’s findings, the psychological and socioeconomic conditions triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic led to an increased likelihood of suicidal ideation or attempts in vulnerable individuals.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammadreza Davoudi, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Ali Nazeriastaneh, Marjan Poshtmashhadi
Background: High resistance-to-treatment rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and various treatments remain significant obstacles to psychiatric disorder treatments. Objectives: The current study used network analysis to predict treatment response by psychiatric symptoms in the contamination/cleaning and danger/checking OCD subtypes. Methods: We evaluated 136 patients (mean age: 30.50 ± 5.25) who finished a 12-week selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) course. We used the convenience sampling method. All patients completed structured clinical interviews for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition research version (SCID-5-RV) at baseline and post-test. After treatment completion, the patients were categorized as responders and resistant according to their OCD severity scores (at the post-test). We used a network approach to determine the network structure of patients before and after the treatment. Network analysis was used by "the R programming language" to compare patterns of psychiatric symptoms. Additionally, we contrasted treatment-responsive patients' network structure with treatment-resistant OCD patients in each subtype. Results: In baseline, dysthymia, insomnia, binge eating, agoraphobia, and panic were the most central (important) nodes in the danger/checking subtype. However, hoarding, ADHD, insomnia, depression, and panic were the most central nodes in the contamination/cleaning group at baseline. Also, global strength and symptom connectivity were higher in the contamination/cleaning subtype than in the danger/check subtype (P < 0.05). In the contamination/cleaning subtype, "insomnia" was the most significant predictor for categorizing patients as resistant at the post-test. For contamination/cleaning, panic and binge eating played similar roles in treatment outcomes. Conclusions: Psychiatric symptoms can predict treatment responses in OCD subtypes. So, it is necessary to consider psychiatric comorbidities regarding OCD subtypes.
{"title":"Network Analysis for Predicting Treatment Response in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","authors":"Mohammadreza Davoudi, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Ali Nazeriastaneh, Marjan Poshtmashhadi","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-137119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-137119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High resistance-to-treatment rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and various treatments remain significant obstacles to psychiatric disorder treatments. Objectives: The current study used network analysis to predict treatment response by psychiatric symptoms in the contamination/cleaning and danger/checking OCD subtypes. Methods: We evaluated 136 patients (mean age: 30.50 ± 5.25) who finished a 12-week selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) course. We used the convenience sampling method. All patients completed structured clinical interviews for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition research version (SCID-5-RV) at baseline and post-test. After treatment completion, the patients were categorized as responders and resistant according to their OCD severity scores (at the post-test). We used a network approach to determine the network structure of patients before and after the treatment. Network analysis was used by \"the R programming language\" to compare patterns of psychiatric symptoms. Additionally, we contrasted treatment-responsive patients' network structure with treatment-resistant OCD patients in each subtype. Results: In baseline, dysthymia, insomnia, binge eating, agoraphobia, and panic were the most central (important) nodes in the danger/checking subtype. However, hoarding, ADHD, insomnia, depression, and panic were the most central nodes in the contamination/cleaning group at baseline. Also, global strength and symptom connectivity were higher in the contamination/cleaning subtype than in the danger/check subtype (P < 0.05). In the contamination/cleaning subtype, \"insomnia\" was the most significant predictor for categorizing patients as resistant at the post-test. For contamination/cleaning, panic and binge eating played similar roles in treatment outcomes. Conclusions: Psychiatric symptoms can predict treatment responses in OCD subtypes. So, it is necessary to consider psychiatric comorbidities regarding OCD subtypes.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"17 03","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected working conditions in healthcare systems and caused occupational stress and challenges for the majority of healthcare workers (HCWs). Objectives: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, burnout, and career resilience and assess the personal and occupational risk factors contributing to psychological symptoms in Iranian HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, HCWs were surveyed within January to February 2022 to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression (using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]), burnout (using the Maslach burnout inventory health services survey for medical personnel [MBI-HSS-MP]), and career resilience (using the Career Resilience Questionnaire [CRQ]). The correlation between demographic-occupational factors and psychological symptoms was analyzed. A total of 610 complete responses were received from Iranian HCWs. Results: Approximately 87.9% of HCWs had symptoms of both anxiety and depression (HADS score ≥ 11). The results indicated that most HCWs experienced various signs of burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion, decreased sense of personal accomplishment, and depersonalization, respectively). The mean score for career resilience reported by the participants was appropriate; however, a fifth of the HCWs had poor career resilience. The highest scores of burnout, anxiety, and depression, in addition to the lowest scores of career resilience, were reported by intensive care unit (ICU) professionals. Conclusions: Marital status, long daily working hours, night shift work, access to personal protective equipment (PPE), and direct exposure to patients with COVID-19 had a significant impact on the anxiety, depression, burnout, and resilience of the HCWs.
{"title":"Psychological Symptoms Among Iranian Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Shiva Eskandari, Mohammad Rafi Bazrafshan, Zahra Ziba, Zahra Shakeri, Fatemeh Sarvi, Zahra Sadeghi, Razzagh Rahimpoor","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-137732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-137732","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected working conditions in healthcare systems and caused occupational stress and challenges for the majority of healthcare workers (HCWs). Objectives: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, burnout, and career resilience and assess the personal and occupational risk factors contributing to psychological symptoms in Iranian HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, HCWs were surveyed within January to February 2022 to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression (using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]), burnout (using the Maslach burnout inventory health services survey for medical personnel [MBI-HSS-MP]), and career resilience (using the Career Resilience Questionnaire [CRQ]). The correlation between demographic-occupational factors and psychological symptoms was analyzed. A total of 610 complete responses were received from Iranian HCWs. Results: Approximately 87.9% of HCWs had symptoms of both anxiety and depression (HADS score ≥ 11). The results indicated that most HCWs experienced various signs of burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion, decreased sense of personal accomplishment, and depersonalization, respectively). The mean score for career resilience reported by the participants was appropriate; however, a fifth of the HCWs had poor career resilience. The highest scores of burnout, anxiety, and depression, in addition to the lowest scores of career resilience, were reported by intensive care unit (ICU) professionals. Conclusions: Marital status, long daily working hours, night shift work, access to personal protective equipment (PPE), and direct exposure to patients with COVID-19 had a significant impact on the anxiety, depression, burnout, and resilience of the HCWs.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"43 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Since many movement disorders are associated with schizophrenia, it is important to distinguish various motor manifestations of the disease itself from associated abnormal movements. Case Presentation: We present a 35-year-old single man with schizophrenia who was admitted for seizure-like tics. The disease started 7 years earlier with psychotic manifestations, including persecutory delusion, negative symptoms, and impaired function. About a year ago, movements in the limbs, abdomen, and spine (similar to those seen in tonic-clonic seizures) were added to the patient’s symptoms, lasting for a few seconds to a few minutes. After some time, these movements were accompanied by expressing words and phrases that had sexual content. Due to the exacerbation of these attacks, the patient was admitted to the hospital. He was unable to explain the cause of these movements, and differential diagnoses included stereotype, extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs (particularly tardive dyskinesia), and temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the patient had no history of epilepsy. Urine screening for illegal substances, electroencephalography (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological counseling were all normal. The adverse effects of medications were ruled out because the patient had taken antipsychotics very irregularly and in low doses. A short time after starting 4 mg of oral risperidone (as the main treatment), the patient showed better cooperation and was able to describe his symptoms in more detail. He explained that a stranger or a copy of himself occasionally compelled him to do the movements, and if he refused to do it, he would be punished by them. Ten days after continuing treatment and starting weekly flupentixol decanoate, the motor symptoms improved significantly, and the patient was discharged after 3 weeks. Conclusions: This case presentation emphasizes the importance of accurate clarification of the nature of signs and symptoms in patients with mental disorders, which seems to be crucial in making a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
{"title":"Abnormal Movements Resembling Tic Disorder in a Patient with Schizophrenia: A Case Report","authors":"Sara Kamali Ardakani, Azad Maroufi","doi":"10.5812/ijpbs-132275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-132275","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Since many movement disorders are associated with schizophrenia, it is important to distinguish various motor manifestations of the disease itself from associated abnormal movements. Case Presentation: We present a 35-year-old single man with schizophrenia who was admitted for seizure-like tics. The disease started 7 years earlier with psychotic manifestations, including persecutory delusion, negative symptoms, and impaired function. About a year ago, movements in the limbs, abdomen, and spine (similar to those seen in tonic-clonic seizures) were added to the patient’s symptoms, lasting for a few seconds to a few minutes. After some time, these movements were accompanied by expressing words and phrases that had sexual content. Due to the exacerbation of these attacks, the patient was admitted to the hospital. He was unable to explain the cause of these movements, and differential diagnoses included stereotype, extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs (particularly tardive dyskinesia), and temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the patient had no history of epilepsy. Urine screening for illegal substances, electroencephalography (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological counseling were all normal. The adverse effects of medications were ruled out because the patient had taken antipsychotics very irregularly and in low doses. A short time after starting 4 mg of oral risperidone (as the main treatment), the patient showed better cooperation and was able to describe his symptoms in more detail. He explained that a stranger or a copy of himself occasionally compelled him to do the movements, and if he refused to do it, he would be punished by them. Ten days after continuing treatment and starting weekly flupentixol decanoate, the motor symptoms improved significantly, and the patient was discharged after 3 weeks. Conclusions: This case presentation emphasizes the importance of accurate clarification of the nature of signs and symptoms in patients with mental disorders, which seems to be crucial in making a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":46644,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135996062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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