International Planning Studies最新文献

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Applicability of Perry’s neighbourhood concept in neighbourhood planning in Sri Lanka 佩里邻里概念在斯里兰卡邻里规划中的适用性

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2101434

M. Subhashini, N. Wickramaarachchi

ABSTRACT Perry’s neighbourhood concept has been considered a substantial paradigm shift in neighbourhood planning since 1929 and has now been reaffirmed under new urbanism. Eventhough Sri Lanka has implemented several neighbourhood concepts in housing developments, it lacks proper evaluation. The current study explores the applicability of Perry’s neighbourhood concept in Sri Lanka, employing two case studies in suburban areas in the Colombo district. The study relied on both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study highlights that edge-centred arteries and loop layout of neighbourhood paths help walkability. Open space at the centre of the neighbourhood with a well-connected footpath increases residents’ physical and social activities. The establishment of commercial facilities on the outer edge of the neighbourhood helped to reduce traffic in the neighbourhood. However, the study questioned the functionality of the elementary school with the unequal distribution of recourses among schools in Sri Lanka. The results provide guidelines for future neighbourhood planning that combines Perry’s concept but with local settings and future aspirations.

自1929年以来，佩里的社区概念被认为是社区规划的重大范式转变，现在在新城市主义下得到了重申。尽管斯里兰卡在住房开发中实施了几个社区概念，但缺乏适当的评估。目前的研究探讨了佩里的邻里概念在斯里兰卡的适用性，采用两个案例研究在科伦坡地区郊区。这项研究采用了定性和定量两种方法。研究强调，以边缘为中心的动脉和环形布局的社区路径有助于步行。社区中心的开放空间与连接良好的人行道增加了居民的身体和社交活动。在社区外围建立商业设施有助于减少社区的交通。然而，由于斯里兰卡学校之间资源分配不均，该研究对小学的功能提出了质疑。研究结果为未来的社区规划提供了指导方针，将佩里的概念与当地环境和未来的愿望结合起来。

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引用次数: 0

Coping with collective interests in a self-organised planning regime: a critical analysis of the Oosterwold case (Almere, NL) 在自我组织的计划制度中应对集体利益：对Oosterwold案件的批判性分析（荷兰阿尔梅尔）

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2099355

Andrea Testi

ABSTRACT Self-organisation is a prominent concept in the field of urban studies, yet its application to planning practices is still minimal. In this regard, the Dutch Organic Development Strategies (ODS) stand out for being one of the few practical attempts to provide a legal framework for an incremental and open-ended urban development. Among the ODS, the Oosterwold case distinguishes itself for further exploring autonomy and decentralised decision-making. Few years following the project’s inception, a fieldwork analysis was intended to find a link between the self-organising processes that have taken place in Oosterwold, and their potential to cope with collective interests. The results have shown that stressing autonomy and incrementality undermined efficiency, feasibility, and compliance with the public interest. The case study analysis suggests that planners should not consider self-organisation as a goal per se and, when it comes to delivering collective infrastructures and services, self-governance, along with public support, might become necessary.

摘要自组织是城市研究领域的一个突出概念，但它在规划实践中的应用仍然很少。在这方面，《荷兰有机发展战略》是为数不多的为渐进式和开放式城市发展提供法律框架的实际尝试之一。在ODS中，Oosterwold案以进一步探索自主性和分散决策而闻名。该项目启动几年后，一项实地调查分析旨在发现奥斯特沃尔德发生的自我组织过程与其应对集体利益的潜力之间的联系。研究结果表明，强调自主性和增量性损害了效率、可行性和符合公众利益。案例分析表明，规划者不应将自我组织本身视为一个目标，在提供集体基础设施和服务时，自我治理以及公众支持可能是必要的。

引用次数: 1

Lost in transit? – effects of a highly transit-affected town 在运输途中丢失受交通影响严重的城镇的影响

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2099352

Ida Sofie Gøtzsche Lange, Claus Lassen, Lea Louise Holst Laursen, Ole B. Jensen

ABSTRACT In this article, we argue that a place can become too well-connected, and that in this manner, its identity and key character can be ‘lost in transit’. Therefore, as the article points out, in the future urban planning of places highly affected by transit, it will be important to emphasize co-thinking of the concepts of ‘transit towns’ and ‘living towns’. We examine a place in Denmark which is particularly influenced by transit, namely the seaport town of Hirtshals. Through empirical and ethnographic explorations, the article seeks to reveal the challenges which a town primarily characterized by its role in goods transportation and ferry transit faces in terms of liveability and social quality for its inhabitants. This is performed through a case study using various practical methods, including document analysis, interviews, surveys, registration data, and physical-spatial place analysis.

摘要在本文中，我们认为一个地方可能会变得过于紧密，这样，它的身份和关键特征可能会“在运输中丢失”。因此，正如文章所指出的，在未来受交通影响严重的地方的城市规划中，强调“交通城镇”和“生活城镇”概念的共同思考将是重要的。我们考察了丹麦一个特别受过境影响的地方，即海港小镇希尔茨哈尔斯。通过实证和人种学探索，本文试图揭示一个主要以其在货物运输和轮渡运输中的作用为特征的城镇在居民的宜居性和社会素质方面所面临的挑战。这是通过使用各种实用方法的案例研究进行的，包括文献分析、访谈、调查、登记数据和物理空间位置分析。

引用次数: 0

The mystery of recurrent housing demolitions in urban Zimbabwe 津巴布韦城市中反复出现的房屋拆迁之谜

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2099353

B. Mbiba

ABSTRACT This paper reflects on how to interpret the dearth of radical activism in Zimbabwe’s peri-urban areas: why Zimbabwe’s urban ‘subalterns’ do not mobilize against the recurrent heart-wrenching demolitions of their informal settlements housing. It contributes to the understanding of how politics in context is a major determinant of informal urban and peri-urban developments in which working classes, middle classes, elites and the state are major actors. A significant proportion of demolition victims are aspiring risk-taking middle classes socially located in a double bind of the ruling ZANU (PF) party-state’s jambanja empowerment-disempowerment social contract within which alternative uprising looks unfeasible. Intrinsically, jambanja is about the emasculation of prevailing laws such that, when demolitions occur, both victim and sympathizer activism is undermined by the illegality of the original housebuilding. Consequently, demolitions will persist for as long as jambanja and the pervasive structural informality of the ruling ZANU (PF) party-state endure.

摘要本文反思了如何解释津巴布韦城郊地区激进行动主义的缺乏:为什么津巴布韦的城市“次等”不动员起来反对反复出现的对其非正式住区住房的令人心痛的拆除。它有助于理解上下文中的政治如何成为非正式城市和城郊发展的主要决定因素，其中工人阶级，中产阶级，精英和国家是主要参与者。很大一部分拆迁受害者是渴望冒险的中产阶级，他们的社会处于执政的非洲民族联盟(爱国阵线)党-国家的jambanja赋权-剥夺权力的社会契约的双重束缚中，在这种契约中，其他起义似乎是不可实现的。从本质上讲，jambanja是关于现行法律的阉割，当拆迁发生时，受害者和同情者的激进主义都被原来的房屋建筑的非法性所削弱。因此，只要jambanja和执政的民盟(PF)党国普遍存在的结构不拘形式持续下去，拆迁就会持续下去。

引用次数: 5

Moderating effect of anti-corruption agencies on the relationship between construction corruption forms and projects delivery 反腐败机构对建筑腐败形式与工程交付关系的调节作用

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2099354

Andrew Ebekozien, M. S. Samsurijan, G. C. Amadi, A. Awo-Osagie, M. Ikuabe

ABSTRACT Globally, development projects faced severe problems because of various forms of corruption issues in the construction industry. Studies showed that anti-corruption agencies help to mitigate corrupt practices. However, there is a scarcity of studies regarding agencies' role on construction projects. Therefore, this paper investigated the moderating effect of the role of anti-corruption agencies as the moderating effect on the relationship between construction corruption forms and public projects delivery in Nigeria. SmartPLS was employed to analyse the collated data from the 450 respondents across Lagos and Abuja, Nigeria. Findings show that anti-corruption agencies role would enhance cost value, better performance, and quality of public projects delivery in Nigeria. This paper recommends a further empirical study to test and validate the developed framework across the country. As part of the practical implications, this paper suggests that the government should encourage non-interference in the constitutional duties of anti-corruption agencies.

在全球范围内，由于建筑行业各种形式的腐败问题，开发项目面临着严重的问题。研究表明，反腐败机构有助于减少腐败行为。然而，关于机构在建设项目中的作用的研究却很少。因此，本文考察了反腐机构在尼日利亚建筑腐败形式与公共项目交付关系中的调节作用。SmartPLS被用来分析来自尼日利亚拉各斯和阿布贾450名受访者的整理数据。调查结果表明，反腐败机构的作用将提高尼日利亚公共项目交付的成本价值、绩效和质量。本文建议进行进一步的实证研究，以在全国范围内检验和验证已开发的框架。作为实践意义的一部分，本文建议政府应鼓励不干涉反腐败机构的宪法职责。

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引用次数: 4

The impact of impulsivity and school attendance on COVID-19 spread: A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire. 冲动和入学率对 COVID-19 传播的影响：基于网络的横截面问卷调查。

IF 2 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/pits.22700

Mehmet Karadag, Bahadir Demir

Some personal and social decisions can be influential in the spread of COVID-19. There are no studies examining school attendance, impulsivity, COVID-19 phobia, and psychological resilience together while the effect of some individual and social measures on COVID-19 has been frequently investigated. In this study 360 participants were evaluated through an online questionnaire method during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic data form prepared by the researchers, COVID-19 Phobia Scale, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale were used in the study. In all, 20.6% (n = 74) of participants had previously experienced COVID-19. The rate of individuals who experienced the death of any of their relatives due to COVID-19 was 17.8%. Only 65.8% of respondents fully complied with government-implemented measures for the outbreak. School attendance (OR = 1.983, p = .033) and impulsivity (OR = 1.115, p < .001) were found to be positively correlated with COVID-19. The presence of a significantly higher psychiatric disease admission history in patients with COVID-19 in binary comparisons did not reach the level of significance in regression analysis. Our results suggest that high school attendance and impulsivity scores are positively correlated with COVID-19 in young people. Government strategies related to schools need to be carefully reviewed for this reason.

一些个人和社会决定可能会影响 COVID-19 的传播。目前还没有研究将出勤率、冲动性、COVID-19恐惧症和心理复原力结合起来进行研究，而一些个人和社会措施对COVID-19的影响却经常被研究。在本研究中，360 名参与者在 COVID-19 大流行的高峰期接受了在线问卷调查。研究中使用了研究人员准备的社会人口学数据表、COVID-19 恐怖症量表、巴拉特冲动量表和简易复原力量表。共有 20.6% 的参与者（n = 74）曾经历过 COVID-19。曾有任何亲属死于 COVID-19 的受访者比例为 17.8%。只有 65.8% 的受访者完全遵守了政府针对疫情实施的措施。学校出勤率（OR = 1.983，p = .033）和冲动性（OR = 1.115，p = .033）。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating scenarios for twenty-first-century Australian settlement planning: a Delphi study with planning experts 评估21世纪澳大利亚定居点规划的情景：规划专家的德尔菲研究

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-03-13 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2042213

J. Bolleter, N. Edwards, R. Freestone, David Nichols, Paula Hooper

ABSTRACT This paper presents findings from a national survey of Australian planning experts examining future settlement patterns and locations at the continental scale. Collective judgement supported efforts to achieve population decentralisation and favoured three possible scenarios – Satellite Cities, Boosted Secondary Capital Cities, and East West Megaregions. The findings on preferred settlement pattern scenarios can inform future efforts to develop a national urban policy for Australia. This case study can also serve as a reference point to the over 160 countries worldwide that are developing, implementing, or evaluating national urban policies in support of global urban agendas.

摘要:本文介绍了澳大利亚规划专家在大陆尺度上研究未来定居模式和地点的一项全国性调查的结果。集体判断支持实现人口分散的努力，并赞成三种可能的方案-卫星城，促进次级首都城市和东西特大地区。关于首选定居模式情景的研究结果可以为未来制定澳大利亚国家城市政策提供信息。本案例研究也可以作为全球160多个国家的参考点，这些国家正在制定、实施或评估国家城市政策，以支持全球城市议程。

引用次数: 1

Local planning cultures? What Glasgow, Melbourne and Toronto planners say 当地规划文化？格拉斯哥、墨尔本和多伦多的规划者怎么说

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2043148

J. Jackson

ABSTRACT This paper centres on what 51 planning practitioners working across the metropolises of Glasgow, Melbourne and Toronto said in open-ended interviews about themselves and their work under current neoliberal policy settings. Planning systems were redesigned under these settings to attract inward investment more readily, local planners’ practices to be compliant. Through an interrogation of interview transcripts, the aim here to discern whether older professional values underlie current practices and what degree of influence, if any, they have. It is concluded they do, albeit in limited ways, their influence on planning practices varying between and within the three metropolises. Reasons why are discussed.

摘要本文以在格拉斯哥、墨尔本和多伦多大都市工作的51名规划从业者在开放式采访中对自己和他们在当前新自由主义政策环境下的工作所说的话为中心。在这些环境下重新设计了规划系统，以更容易地吸引外来投资，符合当地规划者的做法。通过对面试记录的询问，我们的目的是了解当前做法背后是否有旧的职业价值观，以及它们的影响力（如果有的话）。得出的结论是，尽管在有限的方面，它们对规划实践的影响在三个大都市之间和内部各不相同。讨论了原因。

引用次数: 3

Prioritizing behaviour alongside regulations in Amsterdam’s planning projects 在阿姆斯特丹的规划项目中，将行为与法规放在首位

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2042214

Adhish Gurung, S. Özogul

ABSTRACT Project-specific actor constellations and relationships shape contemporary planning practice. The existing literature predominantly focuses on the flexibility of regulations in planning projects and largely ignores the behaviour of involved governance actors. Here, we argue that the nuances of relationship dynamics between public and private sector actors deserve increased scrutiny. Based on in-depth interviews with public planners and project managers, and private developers and investors involved in Amsterdam’s urban development, and a case study of a major redevelopment project, we have coined a new term: ‘behavioural flexibility’. Behavioural flexibility highlights how relationships extensively affect how actors trust and communicate with one another, and how their goals align. Combined, these factors strongly impact planning outcomes as they determine how actors eventually behave in projects by either being supportive and constructive or unhelpful and obstructive. The findings call for an assessment of ‘indicative actor relationships’ as an alternate starting point for planning projects.

项目特定的演员星座和关系塑造了当代规划实践。现有的文献主要关注规划项目中法规的灵活性，而在很大程度上忽略了相关治理参与者的行为。在这里，我们认为公共和私营部门行为者之间关系动态的细微差别值得加强审查。基于对参与阿姆斯特丹城市发展的公共规划师、项目经理、私人开发商和投资者的深入采访，以及对一个重大重建项目的案例研究，我们创造了一个新的术语:“行为灵活性”。行为灵活性强调了关系如何广泛地影响参与者之间的信任和沟通，以及他们的目标如何一致。综合起来，这些因素强烈地影响规划结果，因为它们决定了参与者最终在项目中的行为，要么是支持和建设性的，要么是无益的和阻碍的。研究结果呼吁对“指示性行为体关系”进行评估，作为规划项目的另一个起点。

引用次数: 1

Neighbours matter: a micro-scale indicator of settlement structure assessing urban dispersion and planning effectiveness 邻里关系：评估城市分散性和规划有效性的居住结构微观指标

IF 2.1 Q4 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING

International Planning Studies

Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/13563475.2022.2042215

A. Tomao, G. Quaranta, R. Salvia, L. Salvati, S. Cividino

ABSTRACT Moving toward a land-use approach that focuses on settlement structure, the present study introduces an indicator of compactness based on the evolution over time of the number of detached buildings in total stock at local scale. Assuming the modalities of settlement expansion as dependent on the interplay among socioeconomic aspects, territorial constraints and planning regulations, the spatial relationship between this indicator and a vast set of contextual variables was studied at the level of municipalities in a representative case of Mediterranean Europe (Athens, Greece) during both economic expansion (late-1990s) and recession (late-2000s). Results documented a trend toward settlement compaction along the Athens’ fringe. Processes of settlement compaction were more evident in municipalities with a town master plan enforced in law. By reconnecting a morphological analysis of urban fabric with a functional characterization of metropolitan regions, our study suggests the importance of spatial planning regulating dispersed urbanization in contexts where informal settlements had reflected the dominant pattern of urban growth for decades.

摘要本研究着眼于关注定居点结构的土地利用方法，引入了一个基于当地总存量中独立建筑数量随时间演变的紧凑度指标。假设定居点扩张的模式取决于社会经济方面、领土限制和规划条例之间的相互作用，在经济扩张（1990年代末）和衰退（2000年代末）期间，以地中海欧洲（希腊雅典）为代表，在市政当局层面研究了这一指标与大量背景变量之间的空间关系。结果记录了雅典边缘沉降压实的趋势。在有法律强制执行的城镇总体规划的市镇，沉降压实过程更为明显。通过将城市结构的形态分析与大都市地区的功能特征重新联系起来，我们的研究表明，在非正规住区反映了几十年来城市增长的主导模式的情况下，空间规划对分散城市化的调节非常重要。

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