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Association of Suicidal Ideation With Physical Health Conditions, Mental Health Conditions, and Multimorbidity and the Modifying Role of Emotional Social Support: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan. 自杀意念与身体健康状况、精神健康状况和多病症的关系以及情感社会支持的调节作用:日本的一项横断面研究
IF 3 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241277112
Fumiya Tanji, Atsushi Iwasawa

Introduction: It is unclear whether the risk of suicide differs among individuals with only physical health condition, those with only mental health conditions, and those with both types of conditions (multimorbidity) and how emotional social support modifies these associations. This study aimed to examine differences in the association of suicidal ideation with the presence of only physical health conditions, only mental health conditions, and multimorbidity and the modifying role of emotional social support in these associations.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2023 in a Japanese rural town to collect data. The exposure variable was the health condition, and it was classified into 4 groups: disease-free, only physical health conditions, only mental health conditions, and multimorbidity. The outcome variable was suicidal ideation. The data collected were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis.

Results: Suicidal ideation was found to have a significant positive association with the presence of only mental health conditions and multimorbidity. These associations remained unchanged in the absence of emotional social support. However, the odds ratio for the only mental health conditions group decreased in the presence of emotional social support, while the odds ratio for the multimorbidity group remained significantly higher.

Conclusions: Suicidal ideation is positively associated with the presence of only mental health conditions and multimorbidity, but emotional social support modifies only the association between suicidal ideation and the presence of only mental health conditions. These results suggest that it may be important to identify the type of social support one needs based on one's health condition to prevent suicide.

导言:目前尚不清楚仅有身体健康状况、仅有精神健康状况和同时有两种健康状况(多病症)的人的自杀风险是否不同,也不清楚情感社会支持如何调节这些关联。本研究旨在探讨自杀意念与仅有躯体健康状况、仅有精神健康状况和多病状况之间的关联差异,以及情感社会支持在这些关联中的调节作用:方法:2023 年 8 月至 9 月期间,在日本的一个农村城镇进行了一次横断面调查,以收集数据。暴露变量为健康状况,分为 4 组:无疾病、仅身体健康状况、仅精神健康状况和多病。结果变量为自杀意念。收集到的数据通过多变量逻辑回归分析和分层分析进行了分析:结果:研究发现,自杀意念与精神健康状况和多病情况呈显著正相关。在缺乏情感社会支持的情况下,这些关系保持不变。然而,在有情感社会支持的情况下,仅有精神健康状况组的几率会降低,而多病症组的几率仍明显较高:结论:自杀意念与仅有精神健康状况和多病状况呈正相关,但情感社会支持仅能改变自杀意念与仅有精神健康状况之间的关联。这些结果表明,根据个人的健康状况确定所需的社会支持类型对于预防自杀可能非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Lay Knowledge and Beliefs Toward Dementia Among the Black African Populations in the UK and Africa: Evidence Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. 英国和非洲黑非洲人口对痴呆症的非专业知识和信念:定性研究证据综述》。
IF 3 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241291786
Raphael Chinedu Mokwenye

Background: The high prevalence of dementia among Black Africans, coupled with their lower engagement with dementia specialist services in the UK, underscores the urgency of understanding lay knowledge and beliefs about dementia in the group. Studies reporting lay knowledge of dementia in the UK tended to conclude that Black Africans lack dementia knowledge, presumably based on biomedical assumptions, without taking into consideration the Black Africans' lay dementia knowledge and beliefs about dementia. The current study, therefore, investigated the Black African populations' lay knowledge and beliefs toward dementia in Africa, comparing how this relates to the findings in the UK literature. Methodology: The researcher thoroughly searched electronic databases from September 2017 to October 2022 for qualitative research exploring how Black African populations perceived and experienced dementia, which informed the Black Africans' dementia knowledge in Africa and the UK. The review included qualitative studies with African populations published in peer-reviewed journals with available abstracts and full text in English. Studies outside the UK and Africa, as well as quantitative research and studies with health practitioners, were excluded. A grounded theory approach informed the thematic analysis. The researcher reported the Black Africans' lay knowledge and beliefs toward dementia, informed by participants' experiences and meanings of dementia. Results: Twenty-two studies (n = 22) met the eligibility criteria and were appraised and included in the review. All the UK papers were a multi-modeling of ethnicity in the study. Nine studies (n = 9) were conducted in the UK. Thirteen studies (n = 13) are conducted in Africa, (5 [n = 5] studies from South Africa, 2 [n = 2] from Tanzania, 1 [n = 1] from Congo, 2 [n = 2] from Uganda, 2 [n = 2] from Nigeria, and 1 [n = 1] from Ghana). All the studies were valuable. The researcher identified and developed 4 themes as they emerged from the studies: (i) Dementia witchcraft paradigm, (ii) Dementia older age paradigm, (iii) Dementia disease and illness paradigm, and (iv) Dementia identity paradigm. Discussion/Conclusion: The lay knowledge and beliefs about dementia among Black African populations were foregrounded in sociocultural distinctiveness, and some understanding intersected with biomedical knowledge about dementia. Further empirical study in the UK is essential. Implications for policy and practice: A better understanding of lay knowledge and beliefs about dementia among Black African populations can improve dementia care, providing culturally sensitive and tailored support for Black African communities.

背景:在英国,痴呆症在非洲黑人中的发病率很高,而他们对痴呆症专科服务的参与度较低,这凸显了了解该群体的非专业痴呆症知识和观念的迫切性。报告英国非专业痴呆症知识的研究往往得出非洲黑人缺乏痴呆症知识的结论,这大概是基于生物医学假设,而没有考虑到非洲黑人的非专业痴呆症知识和痴呆症信仰。因此,本研究调查了非洲黑人对痴呆症的非专业知识和信念,并比较了这些知识和信念与英国文献研究结果之间的关系。研究方法:研究人员在2017年9月至2022年10月期间全面检索了电子数据库中有关探索非洲黑人如何看待和经历痴呆症的定性研究,这些研究为非洲黑人和英国人了解痴呆症提供了信息。综述包括发表在同行评审期刊上的非洲人口定性研究,这些研究均有英文摘要和全文。英国和非洲以外的研究以及定量研究和针对医疗从业人员的研究均被排除在外。专题分析采用了基础理论方法。研究人员根据参与者的经验和对痴呆症的理解,报告了非洲黑人对痴呆症的非专业知识和信念。研究结果22 项研究(n = 22)符合资格标准,经评估后纳入综述。所有英国论文在研究中都对种族进行了多重建模。九项研究(n = 9)在英国进行。13 项研究(n = 13)在非洲进行(5 [n = 5] 项研究来自南非,2 [n = 2] 项研究来自坦桑尼亚,1 [n = 1] 项研究来自刚果,2 [n = 2] 项研究来自乌干达,2 [n = 2] 项研究来自尼日利亚,1 [n = 1] 项研究来自加纳)。所有研究都很有价值。研究人员从这些研究中发现并发展了 4 个主题:(i) 痴呆症巫术范式,(ii) 痴呆症老年范式,(iii) 痴呆症疾病范式,以及 (iv) 痴呆症身份范式。讨论/结论:黑非洲人对痴呆症的非专业知识和信念具有鲜明的社会文化特征,其中一些认识与痴呆症的生物医学知识相互交叉。在英国开展进一步的实证研究至关重要。对政策和实践的影响:更好地了解黑非洲人对痴呆症的非专业知识和信仰可以改善痴呆症护理,为黑非洲社区提供文化敏感性和量身定制的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of a Low Salt Diet on the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial. 低盐饮食对慢性肾病进展的影响:一项前瞻性、开放标签、随机对照试验。
IF 3 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241297766
Thananda Trakarnvanich, Worawon Chailimpamontree, Surasak Kantachuvesiri, Sirirat Anutrakulchai, Basmon Manomaipiboon, Tanun Ngamvitchukorn, Swangjit Suraamornkul, Thanphisit Trakarnvanich, Sathit Kurathong

Introduction: A causal relationship exists between salt intake and hypertension, stroke, and kidney disease. However, whether or not reduced salt intake slows progression of renal diseases has been intensely debated.

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial, we examined the impact of a low salt diet on renal function, blood pressure, and other metabolic parameters. Herein, 194 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 1 to 3 were randomized in low salt (intervention) and control groups. The intervention group was provided a low salt diet (1.5 g/day) for 3 months. The control group consumed their usual diet, and daily food intake was recorded in the control group. Renal function tests, 24-h urinary sodium excretion, urinary protein, serum calcium, phosphorus, and electrolyte levels were recorded monthly.

Results: After 3 months, the mean reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher in the control group (mean reduction in eGFR, -3.011 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -5.367, -0.656, P = .013). Blood pressure (BP) decreased significantly in both groups; systolic and diastolic BP reduction at 3 months was significantly greater in the intervention group (systolic BP mean reduction -6.57/-4.29 mmHg; 95% CI = -10.24, -2.89) and diastolic BP mean reduction -6.95, -1.64 mmHg) compared with the control group (systolic BP mean reduction -0.58/-2.63 mmHg; 95%, CI = -4.33, 3.17 and diastolic BP mean reduction -5.34, -0.08 mmHg). The mean reduction in 24-h urine sodium excretion was greater in the intervention group, reaching a significant level at month 2 (-14.45 mmol/day; 95% CI = -27.63, -1.22).

Conclusion: Overall, salt restriction can help slow the progression of renal insufficiency and results in statistically significant and clinically important reductions in BP among patients with CKD.

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05716386 on 28/01/2023.

介绍:盐摄入量与高血压、中风和肾脏疾病之间存在因果关系。然而,减少食盐摄入量是否能延缓肾脏疾病的进展一直存在激烈的争论:在这项前瞻性、开放标签、随机对照试验中,我们研究了低盐饮食对肾功能、血压和其他代谢指标的影响。在这项试验中,194 名慢性肾脏病(CKD)1 至 3 期患者被随机分为低盐组(干预组)和对照组。干预组接受为期 3 个月的低盐饮食(每天 1.5 克)。对照组则采用常规饮食,并记录对照组的每日食物摄入量。每月记录肾功能检查、24 小时尿钠排泄、尿蛋白、血清钙、磷和电解质水平:3 个月后,对照组估计肾小球滤过率的平均降幅明显高于对照组(eGFR 平均降幅为 -3.011 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% 置信区间 (CI) = -5.367, -0.656, P = .013)。两组患者的血压(BP)均显著下降;干预组 3 个月时收缩压和舒张压的降幅明显更大(收缩压平均降幅 -6.57/-4.29 mmHg;95% CI = -10.24,-2.89)和舒张压平均降低-6.95,-1.64 mmHg)相比,干预组(收缩压平均降低-0.58/-2.63 mmHg;95%,CI = -4.33,3.17 和舒张压平均降低-5.34,-0.08 mmHg)明显高于对照组。干预组 24 小时尿钠排泄量的平均降幅更大,在第 2 个月达到显著水平(-14.45 毫摩尔/天;95% CI = -27.63, -1.22):总体而言,限盐有助于延缓肾功能不全的进展,并能使慢性肾脏病患者的血压在统计学上显著降低,具有重要的临床意义:NCT05716386 on 28/01/2023。
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引用次数: 0
A Real-World Precision Medicine Program Including the KidneyIntelX Test Effectively Changes Management Decisions and Outcomes for Patients With Early-Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease. 包括 KidneyIntelX 检测在内的真实世界精准医学计划有效改变了早期糖尿病肾病患者的管理决策和治疗效果。
IF 3 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231223437
Joji Tokita, David Lam, Aida Vega, Stephanie Wang, Leonard Amoruso, Tamara Muller, Nidhi Naik, Shivani Rathi, Sharlene Martin, Azadeh Zabetian, Catherine Liu, Catherine Sinfield, Tony McNicholas, Fergus Fleming, Steven G Coca, Girish N Nadkarni, Roger Tun, Mike Kattan, Michael J Donovan, Arshad K Rahim

Introduction/objective: The KidneyIntelX is a multiplex, bioprognostic, immunoassay consisting of 3 plasma biomarkers and clinical variables that uses machine learning to predict a patient's risk for a progressive decline in kidney function over 5 years. We report the 1-year pre- and post-test clinical impact on care management, eGFR slope, and A1C along with engagement of population health clinical pharmacists and patient coordinators to promote a program of sustainable kidney, metabolic, and cardiac health.

Methods: The KidneyIntelX in vitro prognostic test was previously validated for patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to predict kidney function decline within 5 years was introduced into the RWE study (NCT04802395) across the Health System as part of a population health chronic disease management program from [November 2020 to April 2023]. Pre- and post-test patients with a minimum of 12 months of follow-up post KidneyIntelX were assessed across all aspects of the program.

Results: A total of 5348 patients with DKD had a KidneyIntelX assay. The median age was 68 years old, 52% were female, 27% self-identified as Black, and 89% had hypertension. The median baseline eGFR was 62 ml/min/1.73 m2, urine albumin-creatinine ratio was 54 mg/g, and A1C was 7.3%. The KidneyIntelX risk level was low in 49%, intermediate in 40%, and high in 11% of cases. New prescriptions for SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, or referral to a specialist were noted in 19%, 33%, and 43% among low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients, respectively. The median A1C decreased from 8.2% pre-test to 7.5% post-test in the high-risk group (P < .001). UACR levels in the intermediate-risk patients with albuminuria were reduced by 20%, and in a subgroup treated with new scripts for SGLT2i, UACR levels were lowered by approximately 50%. The median eGFR slope improved from -7.08 ml/min/1.73 m2/year to -4.27 ml/min/1.73 m2/year in high-risk patients (P = .0003), -2.65 to -1.04 in intermediate risk, and -3.26 ml/min/1.73 m2/year to +0.45 ml/min/1.73 m2/year in patients with low-risk (P < .001).

Conclusions: Deployment and risk stratification by KidneyIntelX was associated with an escalation in action taken to optimize cardio-kidney-metabolic health including medications and specialist referrals. Glycemic control and kidney function trajectories improved post-KidneyIntelX testing, with the greatest improvements observed in those scored as high-risk.

简介/目标:KidneyIntelX 是一种多重生物诊断免疫测定,由 3 种血浆生物标志物和临床变量组成,利用机器学习预测患者 5 年内肾功能逐渐下降的风险。我们报告了测试前后 1 年对护理管理、eGFR 斜率和 A1C 的临床影响,以及人口健康临床药剂师和患者协调员参与促进可持续肾脏、代谢和心脏健康计划的情况:KidneyIntelX体外预后测试之前已在2型糖尿病和糖尿病肾病(DKD)患者中进行过验证,可预测5年内肾功能的下降。对在 KidneyIntelX 项目后随访至少 12 个月的测试前和测试后患者进行了全面评估:共有 5348 名 DKD 患者接受了 KidneyIntelX 检测。中位年龄为 68 岁,52% 为女性,27% 自认为是黑人,89% 患有高血压。基线 eGFR 中位数为 62 ml/min/1.73 m2,尿白蛋白-肌酐比值为 54 mg/g,A1C 为 7.3%。49% 的病例的 KidneyIntelX 风险等级为低,40% 为中,11% 为高。在低危、中危和高危患者中,SGLT2i、GLP-1 RA 或转诊至专科医生的新处方分别占 19%、33% 和 43%。高风险组的 A1C 中位数从检测前的 8.2% 降至检测后的 7.5%(P 2/年),高风险患者的 A1C 中位数从-4.27 毫升/分钟/1.73 平方米/年降至-4.27 毫升/分钟/1.73 平方米/年(P = .0003),中度风险患者的 A1C 中位数从-2.65 降至-1.04,低风险患者的 A1C 中位数从-3.26 毫升/分钟/1.73 平方米/年降至+0.45 毫升/分钟/1.73 平方米/年(P 结论:KidneyIntelX 的部署和风险分层与优化心肾代谢健康的行动升级有关,包括药物治疗和专家转诊。KidneyIntelX检测后,血糖控制和肾功能轨迹均有所改善,高风险人群的改善幅度最大。
{"title":"A Real-World Precision Medicine Program Including the KidneyIntelX Test Effectively Changes Management Decisions and Outcomes for Patients With Early-Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Joji Tokita, David Lam, Aida Vega, Stephanie Wang, Leonard Amoruso, Tamara Muller, Nidhi Naik, Shivani Rathi, Sharlene Martin, Azadeh Zabetian, Catherine Liu, Catherine Sinfield, Tony McNicholas, Fergus Fleming, Steven G Coca, Girish N Nadkarni, Roger Tun, Mike Kattan, Michael J Donovan, Arshad K Rahim","doi":"10.1177/21501319231223437","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319231223437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>The KidneyIntelX is a multiplex, bioprognostic, immunoassay consisting of 3 plasma biomarkers and clinical variables that uses machine learning to predict a patient's risk for a progressive decline in kidney function over 5 years. We report the 1-year pre- and post-test clinical impact on care management, eGFR slope, and A1C along with engagement of population health clinical pharmacists and patient coordinators to promote a program of sustainable kidney, metabolic, and cardiac health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The KidneyIntelX in vitro prognostic test was previously validated for patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to predict kidney function decline within 5 years was introduced into the RWE study (NCT04802395) across the Health System as part of a population health chronic disease management program from [November 2020 to April 2023]. Pre- and post-test patients with a minimum of 12 months of follow-up post KidneyIntelX were assessed across all aspects of the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5348 patients with DKD had a KidneyIntelX assay. The median age was 68 years old, 52% were female, 27% self-identified as Black, and 89% had hypertension. The median baseline eGFR was 62 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, urine albumin-creatinine ratio was 54 mg/g, and A1C was 7.3%. The KidneyIntelX risk level was low in 49%, intermediate in 40%, and high in 11% of cases. New prescriptions for SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, or referral to a specialist were noted in 19%, 33%, and 43% among low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients, respectively. The median A1C decreased from 8.2% pre-test to 7.5% post-test in the high-risk group (<i>P</i> < .001). UACR levels in the intermediate-risk patients with albuminuria were reduced by 20%, and in a subgroup treated with new scripts for SGLT2i, UACR levels were lowered by approximately 50%. The median eGFR slope improved from -7.08 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/year to -4.27 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/year in high-risk patients (<i>P</i> = .0003), -2.65 to -1.04 in intermediate risk, and -3.26 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/year to +0.45 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/year in patients with low-risk (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deployment and risk stratification by KidneyIntelX was associated with an escalation in action taken to optimize cardio-kidney-metabolic health including medications and specialist referrals. Glycemic control and kidney function trajectories improved post-KidneyIntelX testing, with the greatest improvements observed in those scored as high-risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319231223437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Blood Pressure Levels Among HIV Sero-Positive and Sero-Negative Cohorts: A Secondary Analysis of the Vukuzazzi Study. HIV 血清阳性和阴性人群饮酒与血压水平之间的关系:武库扎齐研究的二次分析。
IF 3.6 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241235594
Manasseh B Wireko, Jacobus Hendricks, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Marlise Van Staden, Emmanuel A Ntim, John A Larbi, Isaac K Owusu

Background: The effect of hypertension is aggravated by lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption. This study sought to determine the association between alcohol consumption and the level of blood pressures among HIV seronegative and seropositive cohorts.

Methods: This secondary analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of 17 922 participants during the period between 2018 and 2020. A questionnaire was used to obtain participants' alcohol consumption history, which was categorized into non-alcohol consumers, non-heavy alcohol consumers, and heavy alcohol consumers. A linear regression model was used to establish relationships among participants with raised blood pressure (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg).

Results: Out of the total participants, 3553 (19.82%) were hypertensives. Almost 13% of the hypertensives (n = 458; 12.89%) were undiagnosed, and 12.44 % (442) had uncontrolled hypertension. About 14.52% of the hypertensives (3553) were not on any antihypertensive medication. Male non-consumers of alcohol had the highest systolic and diastolic BP; uncontrolled systolic BP (165.53 ± 20.87 mmHg), uncontrolled diastolic BP (102.28 ± 19.21mmHg). Adjusted for covariates, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with HTN among participants who were HIV seropositive [unadjusted (RR = 1.772, P = .006, 95% CI (1.178-2.665)], [RR = 1.772, P = .005, 95% CI (1.187-2.64)]. [unadjusted RR = 1.876, P = .036, 95% CI (1.043-3.378)], adjusted RR = 1.876, P = .041, 95% CI (1.024-3.437). Both moderate and heavy alcohol consumption were significantly related to hypertension among HIV sero-negative [unadjusted model, moderate consumption RR = 1.534 P = .003, 95% CI (1.152-2.044)], [adjusted model, moderate alcohol consumption RR = 1.535, P = .006, 95% CI (1.132-2.080)], [unadjusted model, heavy alcohol consumption, RR = 2.480, P = .030, 95% CI (1.091-5.638)], [adjusted model RR = 2.480, P = .034, 95% CI (1.072-5.738)].

Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is significantly related to increase BP regardless of HIV infection.

背景:饮酒等生活方式因素会加重高血压的影响。本研究旨在确定 HIV 血清阴性和血清阳性人群中饮酒与血压水平之间的关联:这项二次分析是对 2018 年至 2020 年期间 17 922 名参与者的横断面调查数据进行的。调查问卷用于获取参与者的饮酒史,并将其分为非饮酒者、非重度饮酒者和重度饮酒者。采用线性回归模型确定参与者与血压升高(血压≥ 140/90 mmHg)之间的关系:在所有参与者中,有 3553 人(19.82%)是高血压患者。近 13% 的高血压患者(n = 458;12.89%)未经诊断,12.44%(442 人)的高血压未得到控制。约 14.52% 的高血压患者(3553 人)没有服用任何降压药物。不饮酒的男性收缩压和舒张压最高;未控制的收缩压为(165.53 ± 20.87 mmHg),未控制的舒张压为(102.28 ± 19.21 mmHg)。经协变量调整后,在艾滋病毒血清反应呈阳性的参与者中,中度饮酒与高血压相关[未经调整(RR = 1.772,P = .006,95% CI (1.178-2.665)],[RR = 1.772,P = .005,95% CI (1.187-2.64)]。[未调整 RR = 1.876,P = .036,95% CI (1.043-3.378)],调整 RR = 1.876,P = .041,95% CI (1.024-3.437)。在艾滋病毒血清阴性者中,中度和重度饮酒均与高血压明显相关[未调整模型,中度饮酒 RR = 1.534,P = .003,95% CI (1.152-2.044)],[调整模型,中度饮酒 RR = 1.535,P = .006,95% CI (1.132-2.080)],[未调整模型,大量饮酒,RR = 2.480,P = .030,95% CI (1.091-5.638)],[调整模型 RR = 2.480,P = .034,95% CI (1.072-5.738)]:结论:无论是否感染艾滋病毒,饮酒都与血压升高密切相关。
{"title":"Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Blood Pressure Levels Among HIV Sero-Positive and Sero-Negative Cohorts: A Secondary Analysis of the Vukuzazzi Study.","authors":"Manasseh B Wireko, Jacobus Hendricks, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Marlise Van Staden, Emmanuel A Ntim, John A Larbi, Isaac K Owusu","doi":"10.1177/21501319241235594","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241235594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of hypertension is aggravated by lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption. This study sought to determine the association between alcohol consumption and the level of blood pressures among HIV seronegative and seropositive cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of 17 922 participants during the period between 2018 and 2020. A questionnaire was used to obtain participants' alcohol consumption history, which was categorized into non-alcohol consumers, non-heavy alcohol consumers, and heavy alcohol consumers. A linear regression model was used to establish relationships among participants with raised blood pressure (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the total participants, 3553 (19.82%) were hypertensives. Almost 13% of the hypertensives (n = 458; 12.89%) were undiagnosed, and 12.44 % (442) had uncontrolled hypertension. About 14.52% of the hypertensives (3553) were not on any antihypertensive medication. Male non-consumers of alcohol had the highest systolic and diastolic BP; uncontrolled systolic BP (165.53 ± 20.87 mmHg), uncontrolled diastolic BP (102.28 ± 19.21mmHg). Adjusted for covariates, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with HTN among participants who were HIV seropositive [unadjusted (RR = 1.772, <i>P</i> = .006, 95% CI (1.178-2.665)], [RR = 1.772, <i>P</i> = .005, 95% CI (1.187-2.64)]. [unadjusted RR = 1.876, <i>P</i> = .036, 95% CI (1.043-3.378)], adjusted RR = 1.876, <i>P</i> = .041, 95% CI (1.024-3.437). Both moderate and heavy alcohol consumption were significantly related to hypertension among HIV sero-negative [unadjusted model, moderate consumption RR = 1.534 <i>P</i> = .003, 95% CI (1.152-2.044)], [adjusted model, moderate alcohol consumption RR = 1.535, <i>P</i> = .006, 95% CI (1.132-2.080)], [unadjusted model, heavy alcohol consumption, RR = 2.480, <i>P</i> = .030, 95% CI (1.091-5.638)], [adjusted model RR = 2.480, <i>P</i> = .034, 95% CI (1.072-5.738)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alcohol consumption is significantly related to increase BP regardless of HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319241235594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10938620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of Burnout With Primary Care Clinician Perception of Team-Based Scheduling Support. 职业倦怠与初级保健临床医生对团队排班支持的看法之间的关系。
IF 3.6 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231222372
Kylee A Funk, Martin Stillman, Qi Wang, Sarah Turcotte Manser, Elizabeth A Rogers

Introduction: Primary care clinician burnout is pervasive and detrimental. How components of teamwork and clinic culture might contribute to burnout remains unsettled.

Objective: To examine associations between primary care clinician perceptions of specific components of teamwork and of organizational culture, and perceived stress and burnout.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey study of primary care clinicians from 5 county health system clinics. Measures: Perceptions of teamwork related to coordination of care, and clinic provision of chronic disease self-management support; values alignment and workplace equity; and demographics.

Data analysis: Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlations to examine associations, controlling for clinic and examining response variability by clinic.

Results: Of 72 clinicians, 64% were female and 32% non-white. About 56% had worked at least 4 years and half worked 5 to 6 half days/week or more in their clinic. Clinicians who reported having someone on the clinician's care team routinely schedule follow-up appointments for patients with complex chronic illnesses reported lower stress and burnout. Those who perceived greater values alignment with their clinic and greater personal and employee equitable treatment had lower stress and burnout.

Conclusions: Teamwork among clinicians and non-clinical staff, a component of teamwork that is not well-considered in current literature, could be an important piece of the puzzle to decrease the persistent and challenging issue of stress and burnout among primary care clinicians.

导言:初级保健临床医生的职业倦怠是一种普遍存在的有害现象。团队合作和诊所文化如何导致职业倦怠仍是一个未知数:目的:研究基层医疗机构临床医生对团队合作和组织文化特定组成部分的看法与感知到的压力和职业倦怠之间的关系:方法:对 5 个县卫生系统诊所的初级保健临床医生进行横断面调查研究。方法:对 5 个县医疗系统诊所的初级保健临床医生进行横断面调查研究:数据分析:数据分析:通过描述性统计和斯皮尔曼相关性分析来研究相关性,控制诊所的因素并研究各诊所的反应差异:在 72 名临床医生中,64% 为女性,32% 为非白人。约 56% 的临床医生已工作至少 4 年,其中半数医生每周工作 5-6 个半天或更长时间。据报告,临床医生的护理团队中有人会定期为复杂慢性病患者安排复诊预约的临床医生,其压力和职业倦怠程度较低。认为与诊所价值观更一致、个人和员工待遇更公平的临床医生的压力和职业倦怠程度较低:临床医生和非临床工作人员之间的团队合作是团队合作的一个组成部分,但在目前的文献中并未得到很好的考虑,这可能是减少初级保健临床医生压力和职业倦怠这一长期存在且具有挑战性的问题的一个重要难题。
{"title":"Association of Burnout With Primary Care Clinician Perception of Team-Based Scheduling Support.","authors":"Kylee A Funk, Martin Stillman, Qi Wang, Sarah Turcotte Manser, Elizabeth A Rogers","doi":"10.1177/21501319231222372","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319231222372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary care clinician burnout is pervasive and detrimental. How components of teamwork and clinic culture might contribute to burnout remains unsettled.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine associations between primary care clinician perceptions of specific components of teamwork and of organizational culture, and perceived stress and burnout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional survey study of primary care clinicians from 5 county health system clinics. Measures: Perceptions of teamwork related to coordination of care, and clinic provision of chronic disease self-management support; values alignment and workplace equity; and demographics.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlations to examine associations, controlling for clinic and examining response variability by clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 72 clinicians, 64% were female and 32% non-white. About 56% had worked at least 4 years and half worked 5 to 6 half days/week or more in their clinic. Clinicians who reported having someone on the clinician's care team routinely schedule follow-up appointments for patients with complex chronic illnesses reported lower stress and burnout. Those who perceived greater values alignment with their clinic and greater personal and employee equitable treatment had lower stress and burnout.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Teamwork among clinicians and non-clinical staff, a component of teamwork that is not well-considered in current literature, could be an important piece of the puzzle to decrease the persistent and challenging issue of stress and burnout among primary care clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319231222372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10874136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-Stroke Depression and Suicidal Ideations: Relationship with Gender and Marital Status: A Cross Sectional Study. 中风后抑郁和自杀意念:与性别和婚姻状况的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 3.6 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241233172
Mgbeojedo Ukamaka Gloria, Osiri Emmanuel Jonah, Akosile Christopher Olusanjo, Okoye Emmanuel Chiebuka, John Jeneviv Nene, Akobundu Uzoamaka Nwakego, Anyaene Chiamaka Chinyere

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and contributing factors of depression and suicidal ideations among stroke survivors in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 75 consenting stroke survivors who were purposively recruited from 2 tertiary hospitals. Suicidal ideations and depression were measured using standard questionnaires. Obtained data was analyzed with appropriate statistical tools.

Results: 9.3% of the participants had depression while 4% reported suicidal ideations. Significant correlation existed between suicidal ideations and depression (ρ = .31, P = .01), and levels of depression and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 85.76; P < .01). Depression had a significant relationship with gender and marital status, while suicidal ideations had a significant relationship with marital status. Females were significantly more depressed than their male counterparts (U = 512.50, P = .04) and also had a higher score on suicidal ideations. The widowed/divorced recorded the highest scores on depression (χ2 = 8.77, P = .01) and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 6.62; P = .04).

Conclusion: A worrisome prevalence of depression was reported among the study participants. The level of suicidal ideations was quite low. Depression and suicidal ideations were higher among females and those who lost their life partners (either by divorce or death).

目的确定尼日利亚中风幸存者抑郁和自杀意念的发生率和诱因:这是一项横断面研究,从两家三级医院有目的地招募了 75 名同意的中风幸存者。采用标准问卷对自杀意念和抑郁进行测量。获得的数据使用适当的统计工具进行分析:结果:9.3%的参与者患有抑郁症,4%的参与者有自杀倾向。自杀意念与抑郁之间存在显著相关性(ρ = .31,P = .01),抑郁程度与自杀意念之间也存在显著相关性(χ2 = 85.76; P U = 512.50,P = .04),而且自杀意念的得分也较高。丧偶/离婚者的抑郁(χ2 = 8.77,P = .01)和自杀意念(χ2 = 6.62;P = .04)得分最高:结论:在研究参与者中,抑郁症的发病率令人担忧。结论:在研究参与者中,抑郁症的发病率令人担忧,自杀意念的发病率较低。在女性和失去生活伴侣(离婚或死亡)的人群中,抑郁症和自杀倾向的发生率较高。
{"title":"Post-Stroke Depression and Suicidal Ideations: Relationship with Gender and Marital Status: A Cross Sectional Study.","authors":"Mgbeojedo Ukamaka Gloria, Osiri Emmanuel Jonah, Akosile Christopher Olusanjo, Okoye Emmanuel Chiebuka, John Jeneviv Nene, Akobundu Uzoamaka Nwakego, Anyaene Chiamaka Chinyere","doi":"10.1177/21501319241233172","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241233172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence and contributing factors of depression and suicidal ideations among stroke survivors in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study comprising 75 consenting stroke survivors who were purposively recruited from 2 tertiary hospitals. Suicidal ideations and depression were measured using standard questionnaires. Obtained data was analyzed with appropriate statistical tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>9.3% of the participants had depression while 4% reported suicidal ideations. Significant correlation existed between suicidal ideations and depression (ρ = .31, <i>P</i> = .01), and levels of depression and suicidal ideations (χ<sup>2</sup> = 85.76; <i>P</i> < .01). Depression had a significant relationship with gender and marital status, while suicidal ideations had a significant relationship with marital status. Females were significantly more depressed than their male counterparts (<i>U</i> = 512.50, <i>P</i> = .04) and also had a higher score on suicidal ideations. The widowed/divorced recorded the highest scores on depression (χ<sup>2</sup> = 8.77, <i>P</i> = .01) and suicidal ideations (χ<sup>2</sup> = 6.62; <i>P</i> = .04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A worrisome prevalence of depression was reported among the study participants. The level of suicidal ideations was quite low. Depression and suicidal ideations were higher among females and those who lost their life partners (either by divorce or death).</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319241233172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10878211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adolescent Healthcare Access: A Qualitative Study of Provider Perspectives. 青少年获得医疗保健的机会:对提供者观点的定性研究。
IF 3.6 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241234586
Whitney R Garney, Sara A Flores, Kristen M Garcia, Sonya Panjwani, Kelly L Wilson

Introduction: Adolescent access to quality healthcare is key to prevention and early intervention for health risk behaviors. This paper provides a healthcare provider perspective on barriers and facilitators to youth accessing care.

Methods: Five focus groups were conducted from November to December 2020 with providers from a variety of healthcare settings. Participants were asked to describe their respective adolescent patient populations, adolescent-specific health concerns, and organizational accommodations specific for youth services. Transcripts were analyzed using Inductive Thematic Analysis and themes were grouped using a social-ecological framework.

Results: At an individual level, providers noted that an adolescent's knowledge and ability to navigate services varied greatly across settings. Providers identified provider trust and parent/guardian support as key interpersonal factors that support adolescents' access to services. Organizational factors included bureaucratic barriers and the clinic's reputation among youth. Community factors centered on mistrust within healthcare systems and stigmatization of seeking certain types of services. Participants also described how state-level policies influence parent/guardian consent requirements, which can limit adolescents' access to care.

Conclusion: Adolescent access to and utilization of healthcare in the United States is a complex problem requiring systems-level change. Healthcare organizations and providers have the opportunity and capacity to positively influence adolescents' healthcare access and experiences, however a lack of standardized, clinic-level priorities and guidelines can limit adolescent-centered care.

介绍:青少年获得优质医疗服务是预防和早期干预健康风险行为的关键。本文从医疗服务提供者的角度,阐述了青少年获得医疗服务的障碍和促进因素:2020 年 11 月至 12 月期间,我们与来自不同医疗机构的医疗服务提供者进行了五次焦点小组讨论。参与者被要求描述各自的青少年患者群体、青少年特有的健康问题以及针对青少年服务的组织调整。采用归纳式主题分析法对记录誊本进行分析,并采用社会生态框架对主题进行分组:在个人层面上,服务提供者注意到,青少年在不同环境中对服务的了解和驾驭能力有很大差异。服务提供者认为,服务提供者的信任和家长/监护人的支持是支持青少年获得服务的关键人际因素。组织因素包括官僚主义障碍和诊所在青少年中的声誉。社区因素主要是医疗系统内部的不信任以及寻求某些类型服务的耻辱感。参与者还描述了州一级的政策如何影响家长/监护人的同意要求,这可能会限制青少年获得医疗服务:在美国,青少年获得和利用医疗服务是一个复杂的问题,需要系统层面的变革。医疗机构和医疗服务提供者有机会、也有能力对青少年获得医疗服务的机会和经历产生积极影响,然而,缺乏标准化的、诊所层面的优先事项和指导方针会限制以青少年为中心的医疗服务。
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引用次数: 0
Access to MAT: Participants' Experiences With Transportation, Non-Emergency Transportation, and Telehealth. 获得 MAT 的途径:参与者在交通、非紧急交通和远程保健方面的经验。
IF 3.6 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241233198
Jennifer Boyd, Martha Carter, Adam Baus

Introduction: Access to medication assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States is a significant challenge for many individuals attempting to recover and improve their lives. Access to treatment is especially challenging in rural areas characterized by lack of programs, few prescribers, and transportation barriers. This study aims to better understand the roles that transportation, Medicaid-funded non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT), and telehealth play in facilitating access to MAT in West Virginia (WV).

Methods: We developed this survey using an exploratory sequential mixed methods approach following a review of current peer-reviewed literature plus information gained from 3 semi-structured interviews and follow-up discussions with 5 individuals with lived experience in MAT. Survey results from 225 individuals provided rich context on the influence of transportation in enrolling and remaining in treatment, use of NEMT, and experiences using telehealth. Data were collected from February through August 2021.

Results: We found that transportation is a significant factor in entering into and remaining in treatment, with 170 (75.9%) respondents agreeing or strongly agreeing that having transportation was a factor in deciding to go into a MAT program, and 176 (71.1%) agreeing or strongly agreeing that having transportation helps them stay in treatment. NEMT was used by one-quarter (n = 52, 25.7%) of respondents. Only 13 (27.1%) noted that they were picked up on time and only 14 (29.2%) noted that it got them to their appointment on time. Two thirds of respondents (n = 134, 66.3%) had participated in MAT services via telehealth video or telephone visits. More preferred in-person visits to telehealth visits but a substantial number either preferred telehealth or reported no preference. However, 18 (13.6%) reported various challenges in using telehealth.

Conclusions: This study confirms that transportation plays a significant role in many people's decisions to enter and remain in treatment for OUD in WV. Additionally, for those who rely on NEMT, services can be unreliable. Finally, findings demonstrate the need for individualized care and options for accessing treatment for OUD in both in-person and telehealth-based modalities. Programs and payers should examine all possible options to ensure access to care and recovery.

导言:在美国,获得阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)的药物辅助治疗(MAT)是许多试图康复和改善生活的人面临的重大挑战。在缺乏项目、处方医生少、交通不便的农村地区,获得治疗尤其具有挑战性。本研究旨在更好地了解交通、医疗补助资助的非紧急医疗运送(NEMT)和远程医疗在促进西弗吉尼亚州(WV)获得 MAT 方面所发挥的作用:我们采用探索性顺序混合方法制定了本调查,在此之前,我们查阅了当前的同行评议文献,并与 5 名具有 MAT 生活经验的个人进行了 3 次半结构式访谈和后续讨论,从中获得了相关信息。来自 225 人的调查结果提供了丰富的背景信息,包括交通对加入和坚持治疗的影响、NEMT 的使用以及使用远程医疗的经验。数据收集时间为 2021 年 2 月至 8 月:我们发现,交通是加入和坚持治疗的一个重要因素,170 名受访者(75.9%)同意或非常同意交通是决定加入 MAT 项目的一个因素,176 名受访者(71.1%)同意或非常同意交通有助于他们坚持治疗。四分之一(n = 52,25.7%)的受访者使用过非紧急医疗运送服务。只有 13 位受访者(27.1%)表示他们被准时接走,只有 14 位受访者(29.2%)表示他们能准时赴约。三分之二的受访者(n = 134,66.3%)曾通过远程医疗视频或电话访问参与过 MAT 服务。与远程医疗相比,更多的受访者更喜欢面谈,但也有相当多的受访者更喜欢远程医疗或表示没有偏好。然而,有 18 人(13.6%)报告了在使用远程保健时遇到的各种挑战:这项研究证实,在西弗吉尼亚州,交通在许多人决定是否接受和继续接受 OUD 治疗中起着重要作用。此外,对于那些依赖 NEMT 的人来说,服务可能并不可靠。最后,研究结果表明,有必要提供个性化的护理和选择,以便通过面对面和基于远程医疗的方式获得对 OUD 的治疗。计划和付款人应研究所有可能的选择,以确保获得护理和康复。
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引用次数: 0
"When You Look at This Chart, That Is Not My Whole Life": Caregiver Perspectives to Inform Improved Primary Care Practice and Outcomes. "当你看到这张图表时,这并不是我的全部生活":从护理者的视角出发,改进初级保健实践和成果。
IF 3 Q1 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241253524
Monique Quinn, Allison Parsons, Chidiogo Anyigbo, Alexandra M S Corley, Lauren Lipps, Jamaica Gilliam, Julietta O Ladipo, Caitlin Jee Hae Behle, Desiré Bennett, Carley Riley

Objective: Worsening rates of infant and maternal mortality in the United States serve as an urgent call for multi-modal intervention. Infant Well Child Visits (WCVs) provide an opportunity for prevention, however not all infants receive the recommended schedule of visits, with infants of low-income and Black families missing a higher portion of WCVs. Due to diverse experiences and needs of under-resourced communities throughout the United States, caregiver voice is essential when designing improvement efforts.

Methods: Purposeful sampling and interviewing of 10 caregivers in Cincinnati, OH was performed by community peer researchers. Interview transcripts were evaluated by the research team, with identification of several important themes.

Results: Nine out of 10 caregivers self-identified as Black. All young children of the interviewed caregivers had Medicaid as their insurance provider. All interviews highlighted rich perspectives on caregiver hopes for their child, family, and selves. Establishing trust through empathy, shared decision making, and the nurturing of interpersonal patient-practitioner relationships is crucial for fostering a positive healthcare experience. Levels of mistrust was perceptibly high across several interviews, with lack of racial concordance between medical provider and family exacerbating the issue for some caregivers. Caregivers voiced a tendency to rely on family and community members for when to seek out health care for their children, and additionally cited racism and perceptions of being rushed or judged as barriers to seeking further care.

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of being community-informed when considering interventions. Prior research on the topic of missed WCV's often focused on material resource availability and limitations. While that was commented on by caregivers in this study as well, equal-if not more-attention was directed toward interpersonal relationship formation, the presence or absence of trust between practitioner and caregiver, and the importance of social-emotional support for caregivers. We highlight several opportunities for systemic improvements as well as future directions for research.

目的:美国不断恶化的婴儿和孕产妇死亡率迫切需要采取多种干预措施。婴儿健康访视(WCV)为预防提供了机会,但并非所有婴儿都能按照建议的时间表接受访视,低收入家庭和黑人家庭的婴儿错过婴儿健康访视的比例更高。由于美国各地资源匮乏社区的经历和需求各不相同,因此在设计改进措施时,护理人员的声音至关重要:方法:社区同行研究人员对俄亥俄州辛辛那提市的 10 名保育员进行了有目的的抽样和访谈。研究小组对访谈记录进行了评估,并确定了几个重要主题:结果:10 位照顾者中有 9 位自我认同为黑人。所有接受访谈的照顾者的年幼子女都享受医疗补助(Medicaid)保险。所有访谈都强调了照顾者对孩子、家庭和自我的丰富希望。通过换位思考、共同决策和培养患者与医生之间的人际关系来建立信任,对于促进积极的医疗保健体验至关重要。在几次访谈中,护理人员明显感觉到不信任的程度很高,而医疗服务提供者和家庭之间缺乏种族一致性则加剧了一些护理人员的不信任问题。照护者表示,他们倾向于依靠家人和社区成员来决定何时为子女寻求医疗服务,此外,种族主义和被催促或被评判的感觉也是他们寻求进一步医疗服务的障碍:本研究强调了在考虑干预措施时了解社区情况的重要性。之前关于失明儿童的研究通常侧重于物质资源的可用性和局限性。在本研究中,虽然护理人员也提到了这一点,但我们对人际关系的形成、从业人员与护理人员之间是否存在信任以及为护理人员提供社会情感支持的重要性给予了同等甚至更多的关注。我们强调了一些系统改进的机会以及未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
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