Journal of Crime & Justice最新文献

{"title":"An empirical analysis of the (Un)readability of inmate handbooks","authors":"Jessie L. Krienert, Jeffrey A. Walsh, Malia A. Kohls","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2274895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2274895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does type of counsel matter? A Comparison of outcomes in cases involving retained- and assigned counsel","authors":"Ronald Burns, Brie Diamond, Kendra N. Bowen","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2273379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2273379","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractExisting research yields inconsistent results with regard to differences among type of counsel in criminal cases. Studies in the area generally compare the effectiveness of indigent versus retained counsel, and public defenders versus assigned counsel, and focus on broad categories of crime. The present work expands this literature through comparing case outcomes between assigned and retained counsel in the processing of criminal trespassing cases. It also contributes through measuring type of counsel in relation to the imposition of charge enhancements, a variable largely absent from the research literature. Results suggest that type of counsel does impact case outcomes, as defendants with assigned counsel were more likely to have a charge enhancement, be sentenced to jail, and spend more time in jail. Focusing on less serious offenses provides a more reflective account of what often occurs in court given that most crimes are less serious in nature.Keywords: Criminal trespassingcounsel typecharge enhancementsentence Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsRonald BurnsRonald Burns, is a Professor of Criminology & Criminal Justice at Texas Christian University. He has published ten books and numerous articles on various topics within criminal justice. His research interests include prosecutorial discretion, policing, and white-collar crime.Brie DiamondBrie Diamond, is an Associate Professor of Criminology & Criminal Justice at Texas Christian University. Her research interests include criminological theory, program evaluation, and criminal case processing. Her work can be found in the Journal of Criminal Justice, Intelligence, and Criminal Justice and Behavior.Kendra N. BowenKendra Bowen, is an Associate Professor of Criminology & Criminal Justice at Texas Christian University. She has published on a variety of issues related to sex crimes, criminal case processing, and law enforcement. Recent work can be found in Violence and Victims, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, and Criminal Justice Policy Review.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid misuse and legislative responses in U.S. states: politics and lawmaking to address a public health crisis","authors":"Ellen A. Donnelly, Emily Tavares-Sanches","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2272241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2272241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of professional orientations on officers’ supervision behaviors in juvenile and adult community corrections: a multi-agency analysis","authors":"Riane M. Bolin, Brandon K. Applegate","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2269168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2269168","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTEarly scholarship on community corrections officers suggested that officers’ perceptions of their professional role influences how they carry out supervision. While some research has supported this contention, the studies examining the relationship have provided minimal attention to juvenile probation and parole, rarely considered actual as well as intended supervision behaviors, and analyzed samples with limited generalizability. The present study sought to fill this gap. Data were collected through the use of an online questionnaire from a sample of juvenile and adult probation and parole officers employed in seven different agencies in five states during spring 2015. The study found client type to be a significant predictor of both officer actual and intended behaviors, with juvenile PPOs preferring more frequent surveillance techniques and less frequent rewards for probationer progress toward goals. Professional orientation was also a significant predict of both types of behavior. Implications of these findings are discussed.KEYWORDS: Juvenile justiceprobationparoleprofessional orientationprobation officer behaviorcommunity corrections Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Robustness checks of the multivariate analyses revealed substantively identical results when we removed officers who supervised both adults and juveniles from the sample, thereby comparing officers who only worked with either adults or juveniles. We elected to report the models that included all officers, drawing on full dataset.Additional informationNotes on contributorsRiane M. BolinRiane M. Bolin is Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Criminal Justice at Radford University. Her primary research interests include issues related to juvenile justice and corrections.Brandon K. ApplegateBrandon K. Applegate is a Professor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of South Carolina. His research examines punishment and rehabilitation policy, correctional treatment, juvenile justice, public views of correctional policies, jail issues, and decision-making among criminal justice professionals. Applegate previously served as President of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences and as President of the Southern Criminal Justice Association.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining risk and risk perception on LSD and MDMA in online marketplaces","authors":"Maria Bada, Yi Ting Chua","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2267035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2267035","url":null,"abstract":"The anonymity provided in underground forums has led to the growth of illicit substance drug markets. Online markets seem to be safer for drug transactions, with reduced risks of being arrested. However, criminals seem to be conscious of the risks of keeping a dark web market user friendly. This study investigates both surface and dark web forums, focusing on online underground markets. This study aims to: a) investigate the ways risk is perceived among members and vendors of underground forums throughout stages of transactions and b) identify risk avoidance practices utilised within these online underground markets. We hypothesise that the discourse in these forums focuses on the risks of detection, both offline and in cyberspace, as well as relevant techniques for reducing such risks. Our findings indicate discourse on techniques and strategies for reducing the risk of detection and arrest. In addition, our findings highlight that decision-making with drug use is highly individualised and should be based on some research of the effects and benefits of each drug. These findings provide useful insights and can inform practices in policing, leading to the development of intervention approaches aiming to interrupt online underground markets.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whose fault? Defendant perceptions of their own blameworthiness and guilty plea decisions","authors":"Jacqueline G. Lee, Chae M. Jaynes, Silas Patterson","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2263862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2263862","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTWith the present paper, we seek to understand how defendants form of perceptions blameworthiness and to assess how these perceptions affect willingness to accept a plea offer. With an online vignette survey (N = 659), we randomized 1) guilt and 2) riskiness of victim behavior in a vehicular manslaughter case. We also asked respondents to rate the blameworthiness of themselves and their victims. First, results indicate that guilty respondents were more likely to accept a plea than those who were innocent. Second, those in the low-risk victim behavior condition viewed themselves as more blameworthy. Third, people who view themselves as more blameworthy, or their victims as less blameworthy, are more likely to take a plea offer. Lastly, the effects of guilt, victim behavior, and perceptions of victim blameworthiness are also at least partially mediated by perceptions of self-blame. Overall, victim behavior was a key predictor of self-blameworthiness, which was then a critical predictor of WTAP. Results also suggest that respondents viewed blame as a zero-sum game and made decisions about whether to accept a plea based on whether they think they were at fault in the situation.KEYWORDS: Guilty pleaculpabilityvictim behaviorwillingness to accept a plea Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. We acknowledge that legal culpability is indeed crucial for conviction and sentencing. The concept of mental state or mens rea is used to separate different degrees of offenses and to determine sentencing severity (Cramer et al. Citation2013). For example, the actus reus of killing another person is the same for both first-degree murder and manslaughter, but first-degree murder’s mens rea involves more culpability and intention and is thus punished much more harshly.2. Additional information is available online at www.qualtrics.com3. One item used in prior literature (Lee, Jaynes, and Ropp Citation2021), ‘courts make decisions based on opinions, rather than facts’ (reverse coded), was excluded from the scale because it had a low factor loading (.21).4. Power analysis (conducted using G*power, ANOVA: Fixed effects, special, main effects and interactions) indicates that our sample size (n = 659) is sufficient to detect an effect size of .11 for an alpha of 0.05, at a power of 0.80.5. Given that our blameworthiness measures (scaled 1–10) are not necessarily a ratio measure and rather resemble count outcomes, we also tested the sensitivity of our findings using negative binomial models. Findings are substantively consistent across modeling strategies.6. For example, no model VIFs exceed 3.21 (tolerance of 0.31), where the typical threshold of concern is a VIF greater than 10 and a tolerance lower than .10. Appendix B provides a correlation matrix.7. Although this result is not shown, sensitivity tests find no interaction between guilt and victim behavior within this model. Full results available upon request.8","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136279543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting labeling theory: empirical test of informal labeling process","authors":"Wonki Lee","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2264263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2264263","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDespite the revitalization of labeling theory in explaining deviant behavior, the theoretical validity of the proposition regarding the informal labeling process has been largely neglected. To examine the proposed informal labeling process within the labeling theory, longitudinal path analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling, drawing on a nationally representative sample of adolescents in South Korea. The results revealed that engagement in delinquent behavior at Wave 1 had a significant impact on how others informally labeled the individual at Wave 2. Also, informal labeling by others at Wave 2 significantly influenced the development of deviant self-identity at Wave 3, and this deviant self-identity increased the likelihood of engaging in subsequent delinquent behavior at Wave 4. Namely, the hypothesized informal labeling process in labeling theory was supported: informal labeling based on previous delinquent behavior → development of deviant self-identity → engaging in subsequent delinquent behavior among adolescents. The findings from this study highlight the theoretical importance of the informal labeling process in explaining delinquent behavior among adolescents from a longitudinal perspective. The research implications are discussed.KEYWORDS: Labeling theoryinformal labelingdeviant self-identitydelinquency Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Additional informationNotes on contributorsWonki LeeWonki Lee, MA, is a doctoral student in the Department of Sociology and Criminology & Law at the University of Florida. His research interests include criminological theory, juvenile delinquency, and quantitative methods.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135535719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alternative intervention for juvenile hackers? A qualitative evaluation of the Hack_Right intervention","authors":"J. A. M. Schiks, Susanne van ’t Hoff-de Goede, Rutger E. Leukfeldt","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2252394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2252394","url":null,"abstract":"While traditional crime rates are decreasing, cybercrime is on the rise. As a result, the criminal justice system is increasingly dealing with criminals committing cyber-dependent crimes. However, to date there are no effective interventions to prevent recidivism in this type of offenders. Dutch authorities have developed an intervention program, called Hack_Right. Hack_Right is an alternative criminal justice program for young first-offenders of cyber-dependent crimes. In order to prevent recidivism, this program places participants in organizations where they are taught about ethical hacking, complete (technical) assignments and reflect on their offense. In this study, we have evaluated the Hack_Right program and the pilot interventions carried out thus far. By examining the program theory (program evaluation) and implementation of the intervention (process evaluation), the study adds to the scarce literature about cybercrime interventions. During the study, two qualitative research methods have been applied: 1) document analysis and 2) interviews with intervention developers, imposers, implementers and participants. In addition to the observation that the scientific basis for linking specific criminogenic factors to cybercriminals is still fragile, the article concludes that the theoretical base and program integrity of Hack_Right need to be further developed in order to adhere to principles of effective interventions.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135734066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is a gender-morality or gender-control gap responsible for male-female differences in delinquency? cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses","authors":"G. Walters","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2248972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2248972","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44400739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtuous effects of religion on negative emotions among offenders in a Colombian prison","authors":"S. J. Jang, Byron R. Johnson, M. Anderson","doi":"10.1080/0735648x.2023.2249439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2023.2249439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48258633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}