Pub Date : 2021-05-30DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1932558
Bitna Kim, Daniel Lee
ABSTRACT Calls to improve the interaction between academics and practitioners have been repeatedly pronounced by scholars and government leaders alike. A number of publications have focused on examining the experience and views of police leaders on partnerships with researchers. However, there is a general lack of knowledge about community corrections leaders’ receptivity to research and the experience and view of research partnerships. Our study addressed this limitation with a statewide survey of probation/parole chiefs in Pennsylvania. Guided by prior research on research partnerships in policing, the survey in the current project included questions about potential correlates of researcher-practitioner partnerships in addition to the questions measuring the experience and opinions of probation/parole chiefs in Pennsylvania on such partnerships. The current research results provide greater insight to inform practitioners and researchers on how to encourage the research utilization and tailor researcher-practitioner partnerships to the context and conditions within community corrections.
{"title":"Partnerships between community corrections and researchers: the view from the probation/parole chiefs","authors":"Bitna Kim, Daniel Lee","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1932558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1932558","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Calls to improve the interaction between academics and practitioners have been repeatedly pronounced by scholars and government leaders alike. A number of publications have focused on examining the experience and views of police leaders on partnerships with researchers. However, there is a general lack of knowledge about community corrections leaders’ receptivity to research and the experience and view of research partnerships. Our study addressed this limitation with a statewide survey of probation/parole chiefs in Pennsylvania. Guided by prior research on research partnerships in policing, the survey in the current project included questions about potential correlates of researcher-practitioner partnerships in addition to the questions measuring the experience and opinions of probation/parole chiefs in Pennsylvania on such partnerships. The current research results provide greater insight to inform practitioners and researchers on how to encourage the research utilization and tailor researcher-practitioner partnerships to the context and conditions within community corrections.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1932558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-11DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1918210
Stuti S. Kokkalera
ABSTRACT Courts and scholars have advocated for the right to legal representation in the parole process. The state examined in this study qualified that juvenile lifer parole candidates have the right to an attorney at their initial parole board hearing. Data drawn from written decisions issued by the state parole board were analyzed to determine the association between having an attorney and type of legal representation on two parole outcomes: (1) whether a candidate was granted or denied parole, and (2) length of interval terms, that is, number of years that a candidate waits for another hearing. While having an attorney at the hearing was not related to both outcomes, type of representation was associated with interval terms. Hearings with appointed (non-retained) attorneys were associated with reduced odds of a maximum interval term, while having retained attorneys was related to higher odds of a maximum interval term. Hence, state efforts to provide counsel are necessary since their presence is significantly associated with the ultimate time served by juvenile lifer candidates. Findings support the need for more comparative research across states as well as the inclusion of other parole-eligible populations.
{"title":"Representing juvenile lifers: do attorneys in parole hearings matter?","authors":"Stuti S. Kokkalera","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1918210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1918210","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Courts and scholars have advocated for the right to legal representation in the parole process. The state examined in this study qualified that juvenile lifer parole candidates have the right to an attorney at their initial parole board hearing. Data drawn from written decisions issued by the state parole board were analyzed to determine the association between having an attorney and type of legal representation on two parole outcomes: (1) whether a candidate was granted or denied parole, and (2) length of interval terms, that is, number of years that a candidate waits for another hearing. While having an attorney at the hearing was not related to both outcomes, type of representation was associated with interval terms. Hearings with appointed (non-retained) attorneys were associated with reduced odds of a maximum interval term, while having retained attorneys was related to higher odds of a maximum interval term. Hence, state efforts to provide counsel are necessary since their presence is significantly associated with the ultimate time served by juvenile lifer candidates. Findings support the need for more comparative research across states as well as the inclusion of other parole-eligible populations.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1918210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48568234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-11DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1921611
Kristin Rose
ABSTRACT Considerable research has been conducted to understand the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral programs in reducing recidivism. This is a result of continued interest in understanding ‘what works’ in correctional programs. However, there has been comparatively little focus devoted to understanding how or why these programs may be effective. Theories of crime that examine desistance in terms of cognitive change may be particularly helpful in providing context to the discussion of how and why cognitive-behavioral programs work in reducing recidivism. Using propensity score matching and multiple mediation analysis, this study examined the effect of participation in cognitive-behavioral programming on recidivism through three measures of cognitive change: self-efficacy, perceptions of deviance, and motivation to change one’s behavior. Data collected as part of the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) was used for these analyses.
{"title":"The role of cognitive change in desistance from crime: do cognitive-behavioral programs spark cognitive change and desistance?","authors":"Kristin Rose","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1921611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1921611","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Considerable research has been conducted to understand the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral programs in reducing recidivism. This is a result of continued interest in understanding ‘what works’ in correctional programs. However, there has been comparatively little focus devoted to understanding how or why these programs may be effective. Theories of crime that examine desistance in terms of cognitive change may be particularly helpful in providing context to the discussion of how and why cognitive-behavioral programs work in reducing recidivism. Using propensity score matching and multiple mediation analysis, this study examined the effect of participation in cognitive-behavioral programming on recidivism through three measures of cognitive change: self-efficacy, perceptions of deviance, and motivation to change one’s behavior. Data collected as part of the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) was used for these analyses.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1921611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44948853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1915851
Sara L. Bryson, Jennifer H. Peck
ABSTRACT Previous research has suggested that younger justice-involved youth are generally viewed as less blameworthy, less cognitively developed, and more likely to respond to treatment or services by the juvenile justice system than their older youth counterparts. As a result, younger juveniles may be more likely to receive lenient treatment at several juvenile court stages compared to older youth (i.e., ‘youth discount’). However, less research has investigated if the ‘youth discount’ is equally applied across racial groups and youth charged with different offenses (i.e., status versus delinquent). Using all individual referrals in a Southern state from 2010–2016, the current study investigates the individual and joint effects of a juvenile’s age, race, and the handling of status offenders across petition and dispositional case outcomes. Results indicate that the youth discount applied at the petition stage but not disposition. The findings also suggest that race and offense type are more predictive of decision-making than the age of the juvenile. We discuss these findings and their implications for understanding the complexities of juvenile justice decision-making.
{"title":"The effects of age, race, and offense type on receiving a ‘youth discount’ in juvenile court","authors":"Sara L. Bryson, Jennifer H. Peck","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1915851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1915851","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous research has suggested that younger justice-involved youth are generally viewed as less blameworthy, less cognitively developed, and more likely to respond to treatment or services by the juvenile justice system than their older youth counterparts. As a result, younger juveniles may be more likely to receive lenient treatment at several juvenile court stages compared to older youth (i.e., ‘youth discount’). However, less research has investigated if the ‘youth discount’ is equally applied across racial groups and youth charged with different offenses (i.e., status versus delinquent). Using all individual referrals in a Southern state from 2010–2016, the current study investigates the individual and joint effects of a juvenile’s age, race, and the handling of status offenders across petition and dispositional case outcomes. Results indicate that the youth discount applied at the petition stage but not disposition. The findings also suggest that race and offense type are more predictive of decision-making than the age of the juvenile. We discuss these findings and their implications for understanding the complexities of juvenile justice decision-making.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1915851","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43432495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1905046
C. Chapple, Brandon L. Crawford
ABSTRACT In 2016, there were approximately 45,000 juveniles in placement in the United States. Most youth indicate that they plan to live with a family member upon release. Yet, many boys report housing needs before, during or after their time in placement which may be related to family experiences with child maltreatment, substance abuse and criminal justice contact. Using the young males’ data from the Serious and Violent Offenders Re-entry Initiative (SVORI), we investigate the influence of boys’ housing needs prior to their release on their continued housing needs and offending in the first-year post-release. We found that needing a place to live prior to release significantly increased boys’ violent offending at nine-months post-release and we also find that boys who did not live with a parent prior to placement reported more crime at nine-months post-release. We also found that boys’ baseline housing needs and prior physical abuse significantly predicted boys’ reports that they needed help finding a place to live at nine-months and that baseline housing needs significantly predicted housing needs at fifteen months post-release. We contextualize our findings given the adverse family environments boys often face post-release.
{"title":"Assessing the influence of housing needs on boys’ offending post-release","authors":"C. Chapple, Brandon L. Crawford","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1905046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1905046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 2016, there were approximately 45,000 juveniles in placement in the United States. Most youth indicate that they plan to live with a family member upon release. Yet, many boys report housing needs before, during or after their time in placement which may be related to family experiences with child maltreatment, substance abuse and criminal justice contact. Using the young males’ data from the Serious and Violent Offenders Re-entry Initiative (SVORI), we investigate the influence of boys’ housing needs prior to their release on their continued housing needs and offending in the first-year post-release. We found that needing a place to live prior to release significantly increased boys’ violent offending at nine-months post-release and we also find that boys who did not live with a parent prior to placement reported more crime at nine-months post-release. We also found that boys’ baseline housing needs and prior physical abuse significantly predicted boys’ reports that they needed help finding a place to live at nine-months and that baseline housing needs significantly predicted housing needs at fifteen months post-release. We contextualize our findings given the adverse family environments boys often face post-release.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1905046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46493499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1903968
M. Lynch
ABSTRACT Despite growing interest in environmental/green crimes, little remains known about these offenses and how environmental offenders are punished in criminal cases. Much of what is known about the punishment of environmental offenders comes from studies that are now more than 25 years old. Further, many studies rely on aggregated US EPA data, which provides information about these cases nationally, but does not address potential variability in the punishment of environmental criminals in any particular state. To address these issues, this study examines state-level criminal punishments for environmental offenders in Louisiana for the years 2004–2014. The discussion also draws attention to estimating the potential frequency of environmental crimes and punishments in Louisiana. The results support contentions that environmental punishment are rare, that penalties in a handful of cases significantly skew the results, and that when extreme punishments are omitted, criminal punishments for environmental offenses are lenient in comparison to the potentially damaging consequences of those offenses.
{"title":"Punishing environmental offenders: criminal environmental sentencing in Louisiana, 2004-2014","authors":"M. Lynch","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1903968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1903968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite growing interest in environmental/green crimes, little remains known about these offenses and how environmental offenders are punished in criminal cases. Much of what is known about the punishment of environmental offenders comes from studies that are now more than 25 years old. Further, many studies rely on aggregated US EPA data, which provides information about these cases nationally, but does not address potential variability in the punishment of environmental criminals in any particular state. To address these issues, this study examines state-level criminal punishments for environmental offenders in Louisiana for the years 2004–2014. The discussion also draws attention to estimating the potential frequency of environmental crimes and punishments in Louisiana. The results support contentions that environmental punishment are rare, that penalties in a handful of cases significantly skew the results, and that when extreme punishments are omitted, criminal punishments for environmental offenses are lenient in comparison to the potentially damaging consequences of those offenses.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1903968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45441217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-15DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2020.1856169
Hayden P. Smith
ABSTRACT The Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) was created to address sexual violence occurring in corrections. To date, there has been a dearth of PREA studies that include the perceptions of correctional officers and inmates. The current study utilizes a thematic analysis to assess qualitative responses from 66 correctional officers and 407 inmates in three medium-security men’s state prisons. Key themes that focus on the strengths associated with the implementation of PREA include overall climate improvement, increased awareness, and victim support/protection. Key themes that focused on the weaknesses associated with the implementation of PREA included staffing crisis, reporting issues, PREA not taken seriously, and PREA not essential. The implications of these themes are discussed with reference to policy implications.
{"title":"Correctional officer and inmate perceptions of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA): A thematic analysis","authors":"Hayden P. Smith","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2020.1856169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2020.1856169","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) was created to address sexual violence occurring in corrections. To date, there has been a dearth of PREA studies that include the perceptions of correctional officers and inmates. The current study utilizes a thematic analysis to assess qualitative responses from 66 correctional officers and 407 inmates in three medium-security men’s state prisons. Key themes that focus on the strengths associated with the implementation of PREA include overall climate improvement, increased awareness, and victim support/protection. Key themes that focused on the weaknesses associated with the implementation of PREA included staffing crisis, reporting issues, PREA not taken seriously, and PREA not essential. The implications of these themes are discussed with reference to policy implications.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2020.1856169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49440530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-04DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1893790
R. Ricciardelli, R. Carleton
ABSTRACT Correctional workers are at increased risk for a variety of mental disorders relative to the general population. The increased risk appears associated with frequent exposures to a variety of potentially psychologically traumatic events; however, the Job Demand-Control model and the Job Demand-Control-Support model posit operational (job content) and organizational (job context) stressors as increasing risks for mental health challenges. In the current study, we explore the potential impact of operational and organizational stress on correctional worker mental health, identifying specific stressors that might be modifiable. Data were drawn from the reports provided by 158 participants completing a large survey that elected to respond to either of two open text boxes inviting feedback related to their mental health. Qualitatively mapping our results onto the Job Demand-Control-Support model indicates participants perceive themselves as experiencing iso-strain as a function of being in a high demand, low control, and low social support work environment complicated by under-recognized caregiving. Participant reports suggest increased consultation by management and increased training may help to mitigate the perceived negative impact of the current workplace on their mental health.
{"title":"A qualitative application of the Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) to contextualize the occupational stress correctional workers experience","authors":"R. Ricciardelli, R. Carleton","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1893790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1893790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Correctional workers are at increased risk for a variety of mental disorders relative to the general population. The increased risk appears associated with frequent exposures to a variety of potentially psychologically traumatic events; however, the Job Demand-Control model and the Job Demand-Control-Support model posit operational (job content) and organizational (job context) stressors as increasing risks for mental health challenges. In the current study, we explore the potential impact of operational and organizational stress on correctional worker mental health, identifying specific stressors that might be modifiable. Data were drawn from the reports provided by 158 participants completing a large survey that elected to respond to either of two open text boxes inviting feedback related to their mental health. Qualitatively mapping our results onto the Job Demand-Control-Support model indicates participants perceive themselves as experiencing iso-strain as a function of being in a high demand, low control, and low social support work environment complicated by under-recognized caregiving. Participant reports suggest increased consultation by management and increased training may help to mitigate the perceived negative impact of the current workplace on their mental health.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1893790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45753506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1887751
Eileen M. Kirk
ABSTRACT Punitive criminal justice policies caused incarceration and reentry rates to sharply increase in the era of mass incarceration. Disadvantaged communities of color have been disproportionately affected by those policies through heightened levels of prison cycling, which is the flow of individuals into and out of prison. Community-level prison cycling has harmful neighborhood consequences, including increased violent crime. This Boston-based study investigates how prison cycling influences crime by exploring three potential pathways. First, prison cycling may undermine beneficial social behavior, reduce collective efficacy, and create an environment susceptible to crime; second, prison cycling may stimulate neighborhood social problems that encourage crime; and third, prison cycling may simply have a direct, toxic relationship with neighborhood violent crime. The analysis employs Boston crime and prison cycling data,and neighborhood social environment data from the 2008 Boston Neighborhood Survey. Contrary to existing theoretical and empirical research, results suggest that prison cycling is not associated with collective efficacy. However, results indicate that prison cycling predicts neighborhood social problems and community violent crime, offering support for alternative theories on the prison cycling and crime relationship. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and policy implications.
{"title":"Community consequences of mass incarceration: sparking neighborhood social problems and violent crime","authors":"Eileen M. Kirk","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1887751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1887751","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Punitive criminal justice policies caused incarceration and reentry rates to sharply increase in the era of mass incarceration. Disadvantaged communities of color have been disproportionately affected by those policies through heightened levels of prison cycling, which is the flow of individuals into and out of prison. Community-level prison cycling has harmful neighborhood consequences, including increased violent crime. This Boston-based study investigates how prison cycling influences crime by exploring three potential pathways. First, prison cycling may undermine beneficial social behavior, reduce collective efficacy, and create an environment susceptible to crime; second, prison cycling may stimulate neighborhood social problems that encourage crime; and third, prison cycling may simply have a direct, toxic relationship with neighborhood violent crime. The analysis employs Boston crime and prison cycling data,and neighborhood social environment data from the 2008 Boston Neighborhood Survey. Contrary to existing theoretical and empirical research, results suggest that prison cycling is not associated with collective efficacy. However, results indicate that prison cycling predicts neighborhood social problems and community violent crime, offering support for alternative theories on the prison cycling and crime relationship. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and policy implications.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1887751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48942568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1890185
Yerlan Turgumbayev, Yergali Adlet, A. Sabitova, A. Izbassova, Kevin M. Beaver
ABSTRACT The criminal justice system is designed to detect, apprehend, punish, and rehabilitate criminal offenders. Precisely how effective the criminal justice system is at achieving these goals is not entirely known. The current study sought to add to this gap in the knowledge base by examining the connection between self-reported crime and delinquency and the probability of being arrested, convicted, sentenced to probation, and incarcerated. To do so, male and female respondents drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. The results revealed that respondents who were relatively more involved in acts of nonviolent crime and delinquency, as well as violent crime and delinquency, were significantly more likely to be processed through the criminal justice than were those who were less involved in such behaviors. These findings indicate that being processed through the criminal justice system is a function of criminal involvement. We conclude by calling for additional research to determine whether the effectiveness of the criminal justice system could be improved.
{"title":"Examining the nexus between involvement in crime and delinquency and being processed through the criminal justice system","authors":"Yerlan Turgumbayev, Yergali Adlet, A. Sabitova, A. Izbassova, Kevin M. Beaver","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1890185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1890185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The criminal justice system is designed to detect, apprehend, punish, and rehabilitate criminal offenders. Precisely how effective the criminal justice system is at achieving these goals is not entirely known. The current study sought to add to this gap in the knowledge base by examining the connection between self-reported crime and delinquency and the probability of being arrested, convicted, sentenced to probation, and incarcerated. To do so, male and female respondents drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. The results revealed that respondents who were relatively more involved in acts of nonviolent crime and delinquency, as well as violent crime and delinquency, were significantly more likely to be processed through the criminal justice than were those who were less involved in such behaviors. These findings indicate that being processed through the criminal justice system is a function of criminal involvement. We conclude by calling for additional research to determine whether the effectiveness of the criminal justice system could be improved.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1890185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45553360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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