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Emergency Medical Services dispatcher recognition of stroke: A systematic review. 紧急医疗服务调度员对中风的识别:系统综述。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231223339
Jonathan Wenstrup, Bartal Hofgaard Hestoy, Malini Vendela Sagar, Stig Nikolaj Fasmer Blomberg, Hanne Christensen, Helle Collatz Christensen, Christina Kruuse

Purpose: Stroke treatments are time-sensitive, and thus early and correct recognition of stroke by Emergency Medical Services is essential for outcomes. This is particularly important with the adaption of mobile stroke units. In this systematic review, we therefore aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of Emergency Medical Services dispatcher recognition of stroke.

Methods: The review was registered on PROSPERO and the PRISMA guidelines were applied. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Review Library. Screening and data extraction were performed by two observers. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 instrument.

Findings: Of 1200 papers screened, 24 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data on sensitivity was reported in 22 papers and varied from 17.9% to 83.0%. Positive predictive values were reported in 12 papers and ranged from 24.0% to 87.7%. Seven papers reported specificity, which ranged from 20.0% to 99.1%. Six papers reported negative predictive value, ranging from 28.0% to 99.4%. In general, the risk of bias was low.

Discussion: Stroke recognition by dispatchers varied greatly, but overall many patients with stroke are not recognised, despite the initiatives taken to improve stroke literacy. The available data are of high quality, however Asian, African, and South American populations are underrepresented.

Conclusion: While the data are heterogenous, this review can serve as a reference for future research in emergency medical dispatcher stroke recognition and initiatives to improve prehospital stroke recognition.

目的:脑卒中治疗具有时间敏感性,因此急救医疗服务对脑卒中的早期正确识别对治疗效果至关重要。这一点在移动卒中单元的应用中尤为重要。因此,在本系统综述中,我们旨在全面概述紧急医疗服务调度员对中风的识别:本综述在 PROSPERO 上注册,并采用了 PRISMA 指南。我们检索了 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane Review Library。筛选和数据提取由两名观察员完成。使用 QUADAS-2 工具评估偏倚风险:在筛选出的 1200 篇论文中,有 24 篇符合纳入标准。22篇论文报告了灵敏度数据,灵敏度从17.9%到83.0%不等。12 篇论文报告了阳性预测值,从 24.0% 到 87.7% 不等。7 篇论文报告了特异性,范围从 20.0% 到 99.1%。6 篇论文报告了阴性预测值,范围从 28.0% 到 99.4%。总体而言,偏倚风险较低:讨论:调度员对脑卒中的识别能力差异很大,但总体而言,尽管采取了提高脑卒中知识普及率的措施,许多脑卒中患者仍未被识别。现有数据质量较高,但亚洲、非洲和南美洲人群的代表性不足:尽管数据不尽相同,但本综述可作为今后研究急救调度员卒中识别能力和提高院前卒中识别能力的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Incidence and clinical outcomes of perforations during mechanical thrombectomy for medium vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke: A retrospective, multicenter, and multinational study. 急性缺血性卒中中血管闭塞机械取栓术中穿孔的发生率和临床疗效:一项回顾性、多中心和跨国研究。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231219412
Adam A Dmytriw, Basel Musmar, Hamza Salim, Sherief Ghozy, James E Siegler, Hassan Kobeissi, Hamza Shaikh, Jane Khalife, Mohamad Abdalkader, Piers Klein, Thanh N Nguyen, Jeremy J Heit, Robert W Regenhardt, Nicole M Cancelliere, Joshua D Bernstock, Kareem El Naamani, Abdelaziz Amllay, Lukas Meyer, Anne Dusart, Flavio Bellante, Géraud Forestier, Aymeric Rouchaud, Suzana Saleme, Charbel Mounayer, Jens Fiehler, Anna Luisa Kühn, Ajit S Puri, Christian Dyzmann, Peter T Kan, Marco Colasurdo, Gaultier Marnat, Jérôme Berge, Xavier Barreau, Igor Sibon, Simona Nedelcu, Nils Henninger, Thomas R Marotta, Christopher J Stapleton, James D Rabinov, Takahiro Ota, Shogo Dofuku, Leonard Ll Yeo, Benjamin Yq Tan, Anil Gopinathan, Juan Carlos Martinez-Gutierrez, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Sunil Sheth, Leonardo Renieri, Carolina Capirossi, Ashkan Mowla, Lina Chervak, Achala Vagal, Nimer Adeeb, Hugo H Cuellar-Saenz, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Pascal Jabbour, Priyank Khandelwal, Arundhati Biswas, Frédéric Clarençon, Mahmoud Elhorany, Kevin Premat, Iacopo Valente, Alessandro Pedicelli, João Pedro Filipe, Ricardo Varela, Miguel Quintero-Consuegra, Nestor R Gonzalez, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Jessica Jesser, Vincent Costalat, Adrien Ter Schiphorst, Vivek Yedavalli, Pablo Harker, Yasmin Aziz, Benjamin Gory, Christian Paul Stracke, Constantin Hecker, Ramanathan Kadirvel, Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer, Christoph J Griessenauer, Ajith J Thomas, Cheng-Yang Hsieh, David S Liebeskind, Răzvan Alexandru Radu, Andrea M Alexandre, Illario Tancredi, Tobias D Faizy, Robert Fahed, Charlotte Weyland, Boris Lubicz, Aman B Patel, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Adrien Guenego

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has revolutionized the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO), but its efficacy and safety in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) remain less explored. This multicenter, retrospective study aims to investigate the incidence and clinical outcomes of vessel perforations (confirmed by extravasation during an angiographic series) during MT for AIS caused by MeVO.

Methods: Data were collected from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021. A total of 1373 AIS patients with MeVO underwent MT. Baseline characteristics, procedural details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results: The incidence of vessel perforation was 4.8% (66/1373). Notably, our analysis indicates variations in perforation rates across different arterial segments: 8.9% in M3 segments, 4.3% in M2 segments, and 8.3% in A2 segments (p = 0.612). Patients with perforation had significantly worse outcomes, with lower rates of favorable angiographic outcomes (TICI 2c-3: 23% vs 58.9%, p < 0.001; TICI 2b-3: 56.5% vs 88.3%, p < 0.001). Functional outcomes were also worse in the perforation group (mRS 0-1 at 3 months: 22.7% vs 36.6%, p = 0.031; mRS 0-2 at 3 months: 28.8% vs 53.9%, p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in the perforation group (30.3% vs 16.8%, p = 0.008).

Conclusion: This study reveals that while the occurrence of vessel perforation in MT for AIS due to MeVO is relatively rare, it is associated with poor functional outcomes and higher mortality. The findings highlight the need for increased caution and specialized training in performing MT for MeVO. Further prospective research is required for risk mitigation strategies.

背景:机械取栓术(MT)彻底改变了大血管闭塞(LVO)导致的急性缺血性卒中(AIS)的治疗方法,但其对中血管闭塞(MeVO)的疗效和安全性的探索仍然较少。这项多中心、回顾性研究旨在调查 MT 治疗 MeVO 引起的 AIS 期间血管穿孔(在血管造影系列中通过血管外渗证实)的发生率和临床结果:2017年9月至2021年7月期间,从北美、亚洲和欧洲的37个学术中心收集了数据。共有 1373 名患有 MeVO 的 AIS 患者接受了 MT。对基线特征、手术细节和临床结果进行了分析:血管穿孔的发生率为 4.8%(66/1373)。值得注意的是,我们的分析表明不同动脉段的穿孔率存在差异:M3段为8.9%,M2段为4.3%,A2段为8.3%(P = 0.612)。穿孔患者的预后明显较差,血管造影结果良好率较低(TICI 2c-3:23% vs 58.9%,p = 0.031;3 个月时 mRS 0-2:28.8% vs 53.9%,p = 0.031):结论:这项研究表明,虽然因MeVO导致的MT治疗AIS时发生血管穿孔的情况相对罕见,但它与不良的功能预后和较高的死亡率有关。研究结果突出表明,在进行MT治疗MeVO时需要更加谨慎,并接受专门培训。需要进一步开展前瞻性研究,以制定风险缓解策略。
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引用次数: 0
Association of covert brain infarct phenotype with stroke recurrence in first-ever manifest ischemic stroke according to etiology. 隐蔽性脑梗死表型与首次显性缺血性脑卒中复发的关系(根据病因)。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241229612
Thomas Raphael Meinel, Stefan L Leber, Michael Janisch, Jan Vynckier, Adnan Mujanovic, Anna Boronylo, Johannes Kaesmacher, David Julian Seiffge, Laurent Roten, Marcel Arnold, Christian Enzinger, Thomas Gattringer, Urs Fischer, Markus Kneihsl

Introduction: Covert brain infarcts (CBI) are frequent incidental findings on MRI and associated with future stroke risk in patients without a history of clinically evident cerebrovascular events. However, the prognostic value of CBI in first-ever ischemic stroke patients is unclear and previous studies did not report on different etiological stroke subtypes. We aimed to test CBI phenotypes and their association with stroke recurrence in first-ever ischemic stroke patients according to stroke etiology.

Patients and methods: This study is a pooled data analysis of two prospectively collected cohorts of consecutive first-ever ischemic stroke patients admitted to the comprehensive stroke centers of Bern (Switzerland) and Graz (Austria). CBI phenotypes were identified on brain MRI within 72 h after admission. All patients underwent a routine follow-up (median: 12 months) to identify stroke recurrence.

Results: Of 1577 consecutive ischemic stroke patients (median age: 71 years), 691 patients showed CBI on brain MRI (44%) and 88 patients had a recurrent ischemic stroke (6%). Baseline CBI were associated with stroke recurrence in multivariable analysis (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3). CBI phenotypes with the highest risk for stroke recurrence were cavitatory CBI in small vessel disease (SVD)-related stroke (HR 7.1, 95% CI 1.6-12.6) and cortical CBI in patients with atrial fibrillation (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.1).

Discussion and conclusion: This study reports a ≈ 2-fold increased risk for stroke recurrence in first-ever ischemic stroke patients with CBI. The risk of recurrent stroke was highest in patients with cavitatory CBI in SVD-related stroke and cortical CBI in patients with atrial fibrillation.Subject terms: Covert brain infarcts, stroke.

导言:隐匿性脑梗塞(CBI)是磁共振成像中经常出现的偶然发现,与无临床明显脑血管事件史的患者未来的卒中风险有关。然而,CBI 对首次发病的缺血性脑卒中患者的预后价值尚不明确,以往的研究也未报告不同病因的脑卒中亚型。我们旨在根据卒中病因检测首次发病缺血性卒中患者的 CBI 表型及其与卒中复发的关系:本研究是对伯尔尼(瑞士)和格拉茨(奥地利)综合卒中中心连续收治的两个前瞻性收集的首次缺血性卒中患者队列的汇总数据分析。入院后 72 小时内通过脑磁共振成像确定 CBI 表型。所有患者均接受了常规随访(中位数:12 个月),以确定中风是否复发:结果:在 1577 名连续缺血性中风患者(中位年龄:71 岁)中,有 691 名患者在脑部 MRI 上显示出 CBI(44%),88 名患者复发了缺血性中风(6%)。在多变量分析中,基线 CBI 与中风复发相关(HR 1.9,95% CI 1.1-3.3)。中风复发风险最高的 CBI 表型是小血管疾病(SVD)相关中风的空洞型 CBI(HR 7.1,95% CI 1.6-12.6)和心房颤动患者的皮质型 CBI(HR 3.0,95% CI 1.1-8.1):本研究报告显示,首次发生缺血性卒中的 CBI 患者卒中复发风险增加了≈2 倍。讨论与结论:本研究报告显示,患有 CBI 的首次缺血性脑卒中患者脑卒中复发风险增加≈2 倍:隐匿性脑梗塞、中风。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of leukoaraiosis on the infarct growth rate and clinical outcome in acute large vessel occlusion stroke after endovascular thrombectomy. 血管内血栓切除术后白细胞增多症对急性大血管闭塞性卒中梗塞生长率和临床预后的影响。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241226771
Guangchen He, Hui Fang, Bo Xue, Liming Wei, Haitao Lu, Jiangshan Deng, Yueqi Zhu

Introduction: As a marker of chronic cerebral small vessel disease, leukoaraiosis (LA) was reported to impact the recruitment of collaterals in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We intended to explore the impact of LA on the infarct growth rate (IGR) and clinical outcome by impaired collateral development in AIS patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Patients and methods: Two hundred thirty-six AIS patients who underwent EVT were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of LA was graded using the Fazekas scale with non-contrast CT. IGR was calculated by the acute core volume on CT perfusion divided by the time from stroke onset to imaging. The collateral status after LVO was assessed using the ASITN/SIR collateral scale. The clinical outcomes after EVT were evaluated using a modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS), the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, and the modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score after EVT were also included. Correlations between those factors were analyzed.

Results: Patients with severe LA had significantly larger core volume on CTP (p = 0.022) and lower collateral grade (p < 0.001). Faster IGR was significantly associated with higher LA severity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.33; p = 0.046), higher NIHSS (aOR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; p = 0.032) and impaired collaterals (aOR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.27-4.03; p = 0.005). In mediation analysis, collaterals explained 33% of the effect of LA on fast IGR. There was correlation between the severity of LA and mRS (p = 0.007).

Discussion and conclusion: The increasing severity of LA is associated with impaired collateral status and fast infarct growth. These findings suggest that LA may become a predictive imaging biomarker for the likelihood of progression of tissue injury and clinical outcome after EVT in acute large vessel occlusion stroke.

导言:据报道,作为慢性脑小血管疾病的标志物,白细胞增多症(LA)会影响急性缺血性卒中(AIS)的侧支募集。我们旨在探讨在接受血管内血栓切除术(EVT)的大血管闭塞(LVO)AIS 患者中,LA 通过损害侧支发展对梗死生长率(IGR)和临床预后的影响:对接受EVT的236例AIS患者进行了回顾性研究。采用法泽卡斯量表和非对比CT对LA的严重程度进行分级。IGR的计算方法是CT灌注的急性核心容积除以从卒中发生到成像的时间。使用 ASITN/SIR 侧支量表评估 LVO 后的侧支状况。EVT后的临床结果采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)进行评估。阿尔伯塔省卒中计划早期 CT 评分(ASPECTS)、入院时的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和 EVT 后的改良脑梗死治疗(mTICI)评分也包括在内。分析了这些因素之间的相关性:结果:重度 LA 患者的 CTP 核心体积明显增大(p = 0.022),侧支分级明显降低(p = 0.046),NIHSS 较高(aOR:1.04;95% CI:1.00-1.09;p = 0.032),侧支受损(aOR:2.26;95% CI:1.27-4.03;p = 0.005)。在中介分析中,脉络可解释 LA 对快速 IGR 33% 的影响。LA的严重程度与mRS之间存在相关性(p = 0.007):讨论与结论:LA严重程度的增加与侧支状态受损和梗死快速生长有关。这些研究结果表明,LA 可能成为急性大血管闭塞性卒中 EVT 后组织损伤进展可能性和临床预后的预测性影像生物标志物。
{"title":"Impact of leukoaraiosis on the infarct growth rate and clinical outcome in acute large vessel occlusion stroke after endovascular thrombectomy.","authors":"Guangchen He, Hui Fang, Bo Xue, Liming Wei, Haitao Lu, Jiangshan Deng, Yueqi Zhu","doi":"10.1177/23969873241226771","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23969873241226771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As a marker of chronic cerebral small vessel disease, leukoaraiosis (LA) was reported to impact the recruitment of collaterals in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We intended to explore the impact of LA on the infarct growth rate (IGR) and clinical outcome by impaired collateral development in AIS patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Two hundred thirty-six AIS patients who underwent EVT were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of LA was graded using the Fazekas scale with non-contrast CT. IGR was calculated by the acute core volume on CT perfusion divided by the time from stroke onset to imaging. The collateral status after LVO was assessed using the ASITN/SIR collateral scale. The clinical outcomes after EVT were evaluated using a <i>modified Rankin Scale</i> (<i>mRS</i>). The Alberta stroke program early <i>CT score</i> (<i>ASPECTS</i>), the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, and the modified treatment in cerebral infarction (<i>mTICI</i>) score after EVT were also included. Correlations between those factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with severe LA had significantly larger core volume on CTP (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and lower collateral grade (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Faster IGR was significantly associated with higher LA severity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.33; <i>p</i> = 0.046), higher NIHSS (aOR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; <i>p</i> = 0.032) and impaired collaterals (aOR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.27-4.03; <i>p</i> = 0.005). In mediation analysis, collaterals explained 33% of the effect of LA on fast IGR. There was correlation between the severity of LA and mRS (<i>p</i> = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The increasing severity of LA is associated with impaired collateral status and fast infarct growth. These findings suggest that LA may become a predictive imaging biomarker for the likelihood of progression of tissue injury and clinical outcome after EVT in acute large vessel occlusion stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":" ","pages":"338-347"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139478533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness of endovascular treatment after 6-24 h in ischaemic stroke patients with collateral flow on CT-angiography: A model-based economic evaluation of the MR CLEAN-LATE trial. CT 血管造影显示有侧支血流的缺血性脑卒中患者 6-24 小时后进行血管内治疗的成本效益:基于模型的 MR CLEAN-LATE 试验经济评估。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231220464
Florentina Me Pinckaers, Silvia Maa Evers, Susanne Gh Olthuis, Hieronymus D Boogaarts, Alida A Postma, Robert J van Oostenbrugge, Wim H van Zwam, Janneke Pc Grutters

Background: The MR CLEAN-LATE trial has shown that patient selection for endovascular treatment (EVT) in the late window (6-24 h after onset or last-seen-well) based on the presence of collateral flow on CT-angiography is safe and effective. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of late-window collateral-based EVT-selection compared to best medical management (BMM) over a lifetime horizon (until 95 years of age).

Materials and methods: A model-based economic evaluation was performed from a societal perspective in The Netherlands. A decision tree was combined with a state-transition (Markov) model. Health states were defined by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Initial probabilities at 3-months post-stroke were based on MR CLEAN-LATE data. Transition probabilities were derived from previous literature. Information on short- and long-term resource use and utilities was obtained from a study using MR CLEAN-LATE and cross-sectional data. All costs are expressed in 2022 euros. Costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were discounted at a rate of 4% and 1.5%, respectively. The effect of parameter uncertainty was assessed using probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA).

Results: On average, the EVT strategy cost €159,592 (95% CI: €140,830-€180,154) and generated 3.46 QALYs (95% CI: 3.04-3.90) per patient, whereas the costs and QALYs associated with BMM were €149,935 (95% CI: €130,841-€171,776) and 2.88 (95% CI: 2.48-3.29), respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per QALY and the incremental net monetary benefit were €16,442 and €19,710, respectively. At a cost-effectiveness threshold of €50,000/QALY, EVT was cost-effective in 87% of replications.

Discussion and conclusion: Collateral-based selection for late-window EVT is likely cost-effective from a societal perspective in The Netherlands.

背景:MR CLEAN-LATE 试验表明,根据 CT 血管造影显示的侧支血流情况,在晚窗口期(发病后 6-24 小时或最后一次见井后)选择患者进行血管内治疗 (EVT) 是安全有效的。我们的目的是评估与最佳医疗管理(BMM)相比,基于晚期侧支血流的 EVT 选择的成本效益:材料与方法:在荷兰从社会角度进行了基于模型的经济评估。决策树与状态转换(马尔可夫)模型相结合。健康状况由修正的兰金量表(mRS)定义。中风后 3 个月的初始概率基于 MR CLEAN-LATE 数据。过渡概率来自于以前的文献。有关短期和长期资源使用和效用的信息来自一项使用 MR CLEAN-LATE 和横断面数据的研究。所有成本均以 2022 欧元表示。成本和质量调整生命年的贴现率分别为 4% 和 1.5%。使用概率敏感性分析(PSA)评估了参数不确定性的影响:EVT策略平均每位患者的成本为159,592欧元(95% CI:140,830-180,154欧元),QALYs为3.46(95% CI:3.04-3.90),而BMM的相关成本和QALYs分别为149,935欧元(95% CI:130,841-171,776欧元)和2.88(95% CI:2.48-3.29)。每 QALY 的增量成本效益比和增量净货币效益分别为 16,442 欧元和 19,710 欧元。在 50,000 欧元/QALY 的成本效益阈值下,EVT 在 87% 的重复中具有成本效益:讨论与结论:从社会角度来看,在荷兰,基于侧支选择晚窗EVT可能具有成本效益。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial. 社论
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241252063
Kennedy Lees, Else Charlotte Sandset
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Kennedy Lees, Else Charlotte Sandset","doi":"10.1177/23969873241252063","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23969873241252063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":"9 2","pages":"282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discordance between LDL-C and apolipoprotein B is associated with large-artery-atherosclerosis ischemic stroke in patients ⩽70 years of age. 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与载脂蛋白 B 的不一致与 70 岁以上患者的大动脉动脉粥样硬化缺血性中风有关。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231221619
Lilian Kriemler, Salome Rudin, Joanna Gawinecka, Felix Gross, Markus Arnold, Juliane Schweizer, Laura Westphal, Corinne Inauen, Thomas Pokorny, Tolga Dittrich, Anna Toebak, Marcel Arnold, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Arnold von Eckardstein, Katharina Rentsch, Mira Katan, Gian Marco De Marchis

Background and aims: Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and other atherogenic lipoproteins are coated by apolipoprotein B100 (apoB). The correlation between LDL-C and apoB is usually thight, but in some cases LDL-C underestimates apoB levels and residual cardiovascular risk. We aimed to assess if a discordance of LDL-C-levels with apoB levels is associated with LAA stroke.

Methods: We included patients with an acute ischemic stroke from two prospective studies enrolled at the University Hospital Bern, Basel and Zurich, Switzerland. LDL-C and apoB were measured within 24 h of symptom onset. By linear regression, for each LDL-C, we computed the expected apoB level assuming a perfect correlation. Higher-than-expected apoB was defined as apoB level being in the upper residual tertile.

Results: Overall, we included 1783 patients, of which 260 had a LAA stroke (15%). In the overall cohort, higher-than-expected apoB values were not associated with LAA. However, a significant interaction with age was present. Among the 738 patients ⩽70 years of age, a higher-than-expected apoB was more frequent in patients with LAA- versus non LAA-stroke (48% vs 36%, p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, a higher-than-expected apoB was associated with LAA stroke (aOR = aOR 2.48, 95%CI 1.14-5.38). Among those aged ⩽70 years and with LAA, 11.7% had higher than guideline-recommended apoB despite LDL-C ⩽ 1.8 mmol/L (<70 mg/dl), compared to 5.9% among patients with other stroke etiologies (p = 0.04). A triglyceride cut-off of ⩾0.95 mmol/L had, in external validation, a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 52% for apoB ⩾ 0.65 g/L among patients with LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L.

Conclusions: Among patients aged ⩽70 years, a higher-than-expected apoB was independently associated with LAA stroke. Measuring apoB may help identify younger stroke patients potentially benefiting from intensified lipid-lowering therapy.

背景和目的:低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和其他致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白由载脂蛋白 B100(apoB)包被。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和载脂蛋白 B 之间的相关性通常很高,但在某些情况下,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)会低估载脂蛋白 B 水平和残余心血管风险。我们的目的是评估 LDL-C 水平与载脂蛋白 B 水平不一致是否与 LAA 中风有关:我们纳入了瑞士巴塞尔和苏黎世伯尔尼大学医院两项前瞻性研究中的急性缺血性中风患者。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和载脂蛋白胆固醇(apoB)是在症状出现后 24 小时内测定的。通过线性回归,我们计算出了每个 LDL-C 的预期载脂蛋白 B 水平,并假设两者之间存在完美的相关性。结果:我们共纳入了 1783 例患者,其中 260 例为 LAA 中风(15%)。在整个队列中,载脂蛋白B值高于预期与LAA无关。但是,与年龄存在明显的交互作用。在 738 名年龄在 70 岁以下的患者中,LAA 患者的载脂蛋白B高于预期值的比例高于非 LAA 患者(48% vs 36%,P = 0.02)。在多变量分析中,载脂蛋白 B 高于预期与 LAA 中风相关(aOR = aOR 2.48,95%CI 1.14-5.38)。在年龄⩽70 岁的 LAA 患者中,尽管 LDL-C ⩽ 1.8 mmol/L,但 11.7% 的患者的载脂蛋白高于指南推荐值(p = 0.04)。在外部验证中,甘油三酯临界值⩾0.95 mmol/L对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇患者中载脂蛋白B ⩾ 0.65 g/L的敏感性为71%,特异性为52%:在年龄 ⩽70 岁的患者中,载脂蛋白B 高于预期与 LAA 中风有独立关联。测量载脂蛋白B有助于识别可能受益于强化降脂治疗的年轻卒中患者。
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引用次数: 0
Ten-year national trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage by age in Japan: J-ASPECT study. 日本按年龄分列的脑出血住院死亡率和功能预后的十年全国趋势:J-ASPECT 研究。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231222736
Yuriko Nakaoku, Soshiro Ogata, Nice Ren, Tomotaka Tanaka, Ryota Kurogi, Kunihiro Nishimura, Koji Iihara

Introduction: National-level data on trends in the prognosis of age-stratified patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are lacking. This study aimed to assess time trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes of ICH patients by sex and age, and to explore factors associated with changes in in-hospital mortality trend.

Patients and methods: Using the largest nationwide, J-ASPECT stroke database in Japan, this serial cross-sectional study included ICH patients aged ⩾18 years who were hospitalized for non-traumatic ICH from April 2010 to March 2020. We examined trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes using the modified Rankin Scale at discharge, as well as differences in in-hospital mortality change between age groups.

Results: Among 262,399 ICH patients from 934 hospitals, crude in-hospital mortality showed a significant decreasing time trend (from 19.5% to 16.7%), and this trend was consistent across sex and age groups. In addition, differences in in-hospital mortality change over the 10-year study period were significant between male patients aged ⩾75 years and those aged ⩽64 years (-3.9% [95% confidence interval, -5.4 to -2.4] for 75-84 years; -4.1% [-6.3 to -1.9] for ⩾85 years). On the other hand, the proportion of dependent patients (mRS 3-5) at discharge increased from 52.0% to 54.9% over the 10-year study period.

Conclusion: The in-hospital mortality of ICH patients improved, whereas the proportion of patients with dependent functional outcome at discharge increased, over the 10-year study period. Elucidating the mechanism underlying differences in in-hospital mortality reduction in men may provide insights into effective interventions in the future.

导言:目前尚缺乏关于按年龄分层的脑内出血(ICH)患者预后趋势的国家级数据。本研究旨在按性别和年龄评估 ICH 患者院内死亡率和功能预后的时间趋势,并探讨与院内死亡率趋势变化相关的因素:这项连续横断面研究利用日本最大的全国性 J-ASPECT 卒中数据库,纳入了 2010 年 4 月至 2020 年 3 月期间因非创伤性 ICH 住院的 18 岁以下 ICH 患者。我们研究了院内死亡率和出院时使用改良Rankin量表的功能预后趋势,以及不同年龄组之间院内死亡率变化的差异:结果:在来自 934 家医院的 262,399 例 ICH 患者中,粗略的院内死亡率呈显著下降趋势(从 19.5% 降至 16.7%),且这一趋势在不同性别和年龄组之间保持一致。此外,在 10 年的研究期间,年龄⩾75 岁的男性患者与年龄⩽64 岁的男性患者的院内死亡率变化差异显著(75-84 岁为 -3.9% [95% 置信区间,-5.4 至 -2.4];⩾85 岁为 -4.1% [-6.3 至 -1.9])。另一方面,在10年的研究期间,依赖性患者(mRS 3-5)出院时的比例从52.0%增至54.9%:结论:在10年的研究期间,ICH患者的院内死亡率有所改善,而出院时功能受损的患者比例则有所增加。阐明男性患者院内死亡率降低的差异机制,可为今后采取有效干预措施提供启示。
{"title":"Ten-year national trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage by age in Japan: J-ASPECT study.","authors":"Yuriko Nakaoku, Soshiro Ogata, Nice Ren, Tomotaka Tanaka, Ryota Kurogi, Kunihiro Nishimura, Koji Iihara","doi":"10.1177/23969873231222736","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23969873231222736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>National-level data on trends in the prognosis of age-stratified patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are lacking. This study aimed to assess time trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes of ICH patients by sex and age, and to explore factors associated with changes in in-hospital mortality trend.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Using the largest nationwide, J-ASPECT stroke database in Japan, this serial cross-sectional study included ICH patients aged ⩾18 years who were hospitalized for non-traumatic ICH from April 2010 to March 2020. We examined trends in in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes using the modified Rankin Scale at discharge, as well as differences in in-hospital mortality change between age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 262,399 ICH patients from 934 hospitals, crude in-hospital mortality showed a significant decreasing time trend (from 19.5% to 16.7%), and this trend was consistent across sex and age groups. In addition, differences in in-hospital mortality change over the 10-year study period were significant between male patients aged ⩾75 years and those aged ⩽64 years (-3.9% [95% confidence interval, -5.4 to -2.4] for 75-84 years; -4.1% [-6.3 to -1.9] for ⩾85 years). On the other hand, the proportion of dependent patients (mRS 3-5) at discharge increased from 52.0% to 54.9% over the 10-year study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The in-hospital mortality of ICH patients improved, whereas the proportion of patients with dependent functional outcome at discharge increased, over the 10-year study period. Elucidating the mechanism underlying differences in in-hospital mortality reduction in men may provide insights into effective interventions in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":" ","pages":"398-408"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of microemboli in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation suggests poor functional outcome. 在急性缺血性脑卒中合并心房颤动的患者中检测到微栓子,表明其功能预后较差。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231220508
Pedro Castro, J Ferreira, Branko Malojcic, Danira Bazadona, Claudio Baracchini, Alessio Pieroni, David Skoloudik, Elsa Azevedo, Manfred Kaps

Introduction: We investigated the burden of microembolic signals (MES) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and atrial fibrillation (AF), assessing their impact on functional outcomes.

Patients and methods: This multicentre international prospective cohort study involved patients with AIS and either a known or newly diagnosed anticoagulant-naïve AF. All centres utilised the same transcranial Doppler machine for 1-h monitoring with bilateral 2 MHz probes within 24 h of symptom onset. Recordings underwent MES analysis by a blinded central reader. The primary objectives were to ascertain the MES proportion and its association with functional outcomes assessed by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 90 days.

Results: Between September 2019 and May 2021, we enrolled 61 patients, with a median age of 78 years (interquartile range 73-83) and a median stroke severity score of 11 (interquartile range 4-18). MES were observed in 14 patients (23%), predominantly unilateral (12/14, 86%), with a median rate of 6 counts/hour (interquartile range 4-18). MES occurrence was higher post-thrombectomy and among those with elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels (p < 0.05). A worse mRS score of 3-6 was more frequent in patients with MES, occurring in 11/14 (79%), compared to those without MES, 20/47 (43%), with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.04 (95% CI, 1.15-39.4), p = 0.04.

Conclusions: Nearly a quarter of patients with AIS and AF exhibited silent microembolization after the index event. Detecting MES within 24 h post-stroke (using transcranial Doppler) could signify a marker of poor functional outcomes. Subsequent trials will assess if very early antithrombotic treatment might enhance outcomes in this highly selective group of cardioembolic stroke patients. (Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT06018090).

简介:我们调查了急性缺血性卒中(AIS)和心房颤动(AF)患者体内微栓子信号(MES)的负担,评估其对功能预后的影响:这项多中心国际前瞻性队列研究涉及急性缺血性中风(AIS)和已知或新诊断的抗凝剂无效房颤患者。所有中心均使用同一台经颅多普勒仪,在症状出现后 24 小时内使用双侧 2 MHz 探头进行 1 小时监测。记录由中心盲读员进行 MES 分析。主要目的是确定MES比例及其与90天后通过改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分评估的功能结果之间的关系:在 2019 年 9 月至 2021 年 5 月期间,我们共招募了 61 名患者,中位年龄为 78 岁(四分位距为 73-83 岁),中位卒中严重程度评分为 11 分(四分位距为 4-18 分)。在 14 名患者(23%)中观察到 MES,主要是单侧患者(12/14,86%),中位发生率为 6 次/小时(四分位数范围为 4-18)。血栓切除术后和脑钠肽水平升高的患者发生 MES 的几率更高(P = 0.04):近四分之一的 AIS 和房颤患者在指数事件后出现无声微栓塞。在卒中后 24 小时内检测到微栓塞(使用经颅多普勒)可能是功能预后不良的标志。后续试验将评估早期抗血栓治疗是否能改善这一高选择性心源性栓塞中风患者的预后。(Clinicaltrials.gov ID:NCT06018090)。
{"title":"Detection of microemboli in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation suggests poor functional outcome.","authors":"Pedro Castro, J Ferreira, Branko Malojcic, Danira Bazadona, Claudio Baracchini, Alessio Pieroni, David Skoloudik, Elsa Azevedo, Manfred Kaps","doi":"10.1177/23969873231220508","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23969873231220508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated the burden of microembolic signals (MES) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and atrial fibrillation (AF), assessing their impact on functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This multicentre international prospective cohort study involved patients with AIS and either a known or newly diagnosed anticoagulant-naïve AF. All centres utilised the same transcranial Doppler machine for 1-h monitoring with bilateral 2 MHz probes within 24 h of symptom onset. Recordings underwent MES analysis by a blinded central reader. The primary objectives were to ascertain the MES proportion and its association with functional outcomes assessed by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 90 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between September 2019 and May 2021, we enrolled 61 patients, with a median age of 78 years (interquartile range 73-83) and a median stroke severity score of 11 (interquartile range 4-18). MES were observed in 14 patients (23%), predominantly unilateral (12/14, 86%), with a median rate of 6 counts/hour (interquartile range 4-18). MES occurrence was higher post-thrombectomy and among those with elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A worse mRS score of 3-6 was more frequent in patients with MES, occurring in 11/14 (79%), compared to those without MES, 20/47 (43%), with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.04 (95% CI, 1.15-39.4), <i>p</i> = 0.04.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly a quarter of patients with AIS and AF exhibited silent microembolization after the index event. Detecting MES within 24 h post-stroke (using transcranial Doppler) could signify a marker of poor functional outcomes. Subsequent trials will assess if very early antithrombotic treatment might enhance outcomes in this highly selective group of cardioembolic stroke patients. (Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT06018090).</p>","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":" ","pages":"409-417"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recanalization status and temporal evolution of early ischemic changes following stroke thrombectomy. 脑卒中取栓后早期缺血改变的再通状态和时间演变。
IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231214207
Pekka Virtanen, Liisa Tomppo, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Nina Brandstack, Erno Peltola, Tatu Kokkonen, Kimmo Lappalainen, Antti Korvenoja, Daniel Strbian

Introduction: Present-day computer tomography (CT) scanners have excellent spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio and are instrumental detecting early ischemic changes (EIC) in brain. We assessed the temporal changes of EIC based on the recanalization status after thrombectomy.

Patients and methods: The cohort comprises consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in anterior circulation treated with thrombectomy in tertiary referral hospital. All baseline and follow-up scans were screened for any ischemic changes and further classified using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS). Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the impact of recanalization status using modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) on temporal evolution of ischemic changes.

Results: We included 614 patients with ICA, M1, or M2 occlusions. Median ASPECTS score was 9 (IQR 7-10) at baseline and 7 (5-8) at approximately 24 h. mTICI 3 was achieved in 207 (33.8%), 2B 241 (39.3%), 2A in 77 (12.6%), and 0-1 in 88 (14.3%) patients. Compared to patients with mTICI 3, those with mTICI 0-1 and 2A had less favorable temporal changes of ASPECTS (p < 0.001). Effect of recanalization was noted in the cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep structures or patients with M2 occlusions. All ischemic changes detected at baseline were also present at all follow-up images, regardless of the recanalization status.

Conclusions: Temporal evolution of the ischemic changes and ASPECTS are related to the success of the recanalization therapy in cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep brain structures or M2 patients. In none of the patients did EIC revert in any brain region after successful recanalization.

当今的计算机断层扫描(CT)扫描仪具有良好的空间分辨率和信噪比,是检测大脑早期缺血性改变(EIC)的工具。我们根据取栓后血管再通状况评估EIC的时间变化。患者和方法:该队列包括三级转诊医院连续行前循环急性缺血性卒中取栓治疗的患者。所有基线和随访扫描均筛查任何缺血性改变,并使用阿尔伯塔卒中计划早期CT评分(方面)进一步分类。采用广义线性混合模型分析改良脑梗死溶栓(mTICI)再通状态对缺血变化时间演变的影响。结果:我们纳入了614例ICA、M1或M2闭塞患者。基线时的中位ASPECTS评分为9 (IQR 7-10),约24小时时为7(5-8)。mTICI 3级达到207例(33.8%),2B级达到241例(39.3%),2A级达到77例(12.6%),0-1级达到88例(14.3%)。与mTICI 3型患者相比,mTICI 0-1型和2A型患者在时间方面的变化较差(p)。结论:ICA/M1患者皮质区缺血变化和方面的时间演变与再通治疗的成功有关,而与深部脑结构或M2患者无关。在成功再通后,没有任何患者的EIC在任何脑区恢复。
{"title":"Recanalization status and temporal evolution of early ischemic changes following stroke thrombectomy.","authors":"Pekka Virtanen, Liisa Tomppo, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Nina Brandstack, Erno Peltola, Tatu Kokkonen, Kimmo Lappalainen, Antti Korvenoja, Daniel Strbian","doi":"10.1177/23969873231214207","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23969873231214207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Present-day computer tomography (CT) scanners have excellent spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio and are instrumental detecting early ischemic changes (EIC) in brain. We assessed the temporal changes of EIC based on the recanalization status after thrombectomy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The cohort comprises consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in anterior circulation treated with thrombectomy in tertiary referral hospital. All baseline and follow-up scans were screened for any ischemic changes and further classified using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS). Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the impact of recanalization status using modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) on temporal evolution of ischemic changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 614 patients with ICA, M1, or M2 occlusions. Median ASPECTS score was 9 (IQR 7-10) at baseline and 7 (5-8) at approximately 24 h. mTICI 3 was achieved in 207 (33.8%), 2B 241 (39.3%), 2A in 77 (12.6%), and 0-1 in 88 (14.3%) patients. Compared to patients with mTICI 3, those with mTICI 0-1 and 2A had less favorable temporal changes of ASPECTS (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Effect of recanalization was noted in the cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep structures or patients with M2 occlusions. All ischemic changes detected at baseline were also present at all follow-up images, regardless of the recanalization status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Temporal evolution of the ischemic changes and ASPECTS are related to the success of the recanalization therapy in cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep brain structures or M2 patients. In none of the patients did EIC revert in any brain region after successful recanalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":" ","pages":"320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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European Stroke Journal
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