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On Black Aesthesis 论黑人美学
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0033
Rizvana Bradley
Abstract:How do we think aesthetically with the gendered and fleshly life of blackness, which cannot be represented within modernity’s aesthetic regime, yet is everywhere “bound to appear”? How do we begin to approach the splayed corpus of blackness without recourse to a conceptual grammar for and from which blackness is the ultimate declension? These questions compel us to rethink the relationship between blackness and the aesthetic, and to consider the metaphysical violence which is given in and through a racial regime of aesthetics that is indispensable to the reproduction of the modern world. Emphasizing the ways this aesthetic regime, and the antiblack metaphysics it endeavors to sustain, are predicated upon and imperiled by blackness, I argue that blackness is a problem of and for “the body.” This paper enters this problem through the quotidian operations of the visual and proceeds to interrogate the elliptical deconstruction of the body in the work of Jean-Luc Nancy, stressing the commonalities between Nancy’s philosophical gesture and the guiding tendencies of the recent “bodily turn” within the theoretical humanities. Reading Nancy and the bodily turn through Denise Ferreira da Silva and Calvin Warren’s critiques of the modern human subject and its genesis, I argue that philosophical and aesthetic inquiries which begin with the departure from the ontology of the proper body risk reinscribing that very same figuration by eliding the ontologically negated improper body, which bears the racial and gendered violence of the former’s displacements. Turning to Hortense Spillers, I contend that to speak of the impropriety of black enfleshment is to approach the limits of phenomenology, for which, I maintain, the “black body” can only appear as a dissimulation. Taking seriously Warren’s question — “How does one think with the improper?” — I engage in a strategic corruption of Jacques Rancière’s concept of “aisthesis.” I propose a theory of black aesthesis as that which emerges in the cut between the violent dissimulation of the “black body” and a black enfleshment that has always been both more and less than the phenomenological body.
摘要:黑人在现代性的审美体制中无法再现,但又无处不在地“必然出现”,我们如何用黑人的性别化和肉体生活进行审美思考?我们如何开始接近黑色的分散语料库,而不求助于概念语法,黑色是最终的衰落?这些问题迫使我们重新思考黑人与美学之间的关系,并考虑形而上学的暴力,这种暴力是通过美学的种族制度给予的,这对现代世界的再现是不可或缺的。强调这种美学体制的方式,以及它努力维持的反黑人形而上学,都是以黑人为前提并受到黑人的危害,我认为黑人是“身体”的问题,也是“身体”的问题。本文通过每日的操作进入这个问题的视觉和继续询问工作的身体的椭圆解构jean - luc南希,强调共性南希的哲学姿态和指导倾向之间最近的“身体”在人文学科的理论。通过阅读丹尼斯·费雷拉·达·席尔瓦和卡尔文·沃伦对现代人类主体及其起源的批评,我认为哲学和美学的探究从脱离适当身体的本体论开始,有可能通过忽略本体论上否定的不适当的身体,重新定义同样的形象,这种身体承担着种族和性别暴力的前移。谈到霍顿斯·斯皮勒斯,我认为,谈论黑体的不适当性是接近现象学的极限,为此,我坚持认为,“黑体”只能作为一种伪装出现。认真对待沃伦的问题——“一个人如何看待不正当行为?”——我对雅克·朗西的“美学”概念进行了战略性的曲解。我提出了一种关于黑人美学的理论,它出现在“黑体”的暴力伪装和黑色肉体之间的鸿沟中,黑色肉体总是比现象学的身体多多少少。
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引用次数: 3
Refusing to Vanish: Despair, Contingency, and the African Political 拒绝消失:绝望、偶然性和非洲政治
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0035
Alírio Karina
Abstract:This paper offers a historico-political exegesis of V-I Mudimbe’s Invention of Africa and Idea of Africa, reading how these texts respond to a post-independence African context of political and epistemic despair. This despair reflects at once the desire for a non-Western claim to knowledge and life, for political and economic autonomy from the West, and the seeming impossibilities (confirmed by the political ordinary) of enacting these. Retracing Mudimbe’s analysis of African political thought in the wake of Négritude and his critique of representation, this essay works through Mudimbe’s intellectual historical methods to draw out a subtextual response to questions of historicity, political commitment, and the role of intellectual thought in Black resistant response. I argue that these questions are instantiated in the concept of “absolute discourse.” This concept reveals a theory of speech, inhabitation, and contingency critically aligned with postcolonial Marxist demands for authenticity, sovereignty and authority. Moreover, through this, and against any presumption of futility, I argue that Mudimbe constitutes a theory of politics—of resistance, claim, and seizure, and their limits—and contingency amidst seeming and real epistemic and material closures.
摘要:本文对V-I·穆迪贝的《非洲的发明》和《非洲的观念》进行了历史政治解读,解读了这些文本如何回应非洲独立后政治和认知绝望的背景。这种绝望立刻反映了对非西方知识和生活的要求,对西方政治和经济自治的渴望,以及实施这些似乎是不可能的(由政治普通证实)。回顾Mudimbe对非洲政治思想的分析,以及他对代表性的批判,本文通过Mudimbe的思想历史方法,对历史性、政治承诺以及思想思想在黑人抵抗反应中的作用等问题做出潜语回应。我认为这些问题在“绝对话语”的概念中得到了实例化。这一概念揭示了一种关于话语、居住和偶然性的理论,与后殖民马克思主义对真实性、主权和权威的要求高度一致。此外,通过这一点,并反对任何徒劳的假设,我认为,穆迪贝构成了一种政治理论——关于抵抗、要求、夺取及其局限性——以及在看似和真实的认知和物质封闭中的偶然性。
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引用次数: 1
Rethinking the Black Will: The Cosmological Body, Nihilism, and Resistance 重新思考黑色意志:宇宙体、虚无主义和抵抗
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0032
C. Warren
Abstract:The article interrogates notions of resistance and will against the Black Radical Tradition vis-à-vis a close reading of Friedrich Nietzsche’s Will to Power and through Hortense Spiller’s seminal essay, “Mama’s Baby, Papa’s Maybe.” In reading Spillers alongside Nietzsche, the essay argues that black nihilism presents a more severe problem than Nietzsche could anticipate: that the black will is denied active desire and a cosmological body is left to express its “power”—only to highlight (black) resistance as a question.
摘要:本文通过-à-vis对弗里德里希·尼采的《权力意志》的细读,并通过霍顿斯·斯皮勒的开创性论文《妈妈的孩子,爸爸的也许》,对黑人激进传统的抵抗和意志概念进行了质疑。在与尼采一起阅读斯皮勒时,这篇文章认为黑人虚无主义提出了一个比尼采所能预料到的更严重的问题:黑人意志被否定了积极的欲望,宇宙体被留下来表达它的“力量”——只是为了突出(黑人)抵抗作为一个问题。
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引用次数: 1
Weak Affects in Wittgenstein's Later Philosophy 维特根斯坦后期哲学的弱势影响
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0029
Vidya Venkatesh
Abstract:This paper takes Wittgenstein's later philosophy as a weak-theoretic body of work conditioned and characterized by weak affectivity: a philosophy that similarly avoids strong stances and strong feelings. This renders it vulnerable not only to attack, but to defense: attempts to defend Wittgenstein from accusations of complacency and quietism tend to resort to affectively and theoretically strong interpretations that move against the grain of his own writings. What, then, is generative or productive about weakness, if it invites attacks against which it cannot defend itself? Drawing from Sianne Ngai's studies of weak affects and aesthetics, I argue that Wittgenstein's persistent replication of weak affects is a condition of his inquiry into ordinary life and language—that ordinariness has a structural weakness, which Wittgenstein's writings invite us to practice.
摘要:本文将维特根斯坦后期哲学视为一个以弱情感为条件和特征的弱理论体:一个同样避免立场强硬和情感强硬的哲学。这使得它不仅容易受到攻击,而且容易受到防御:试图保护维特根斯坦免受自满和安静主义的指责,往往会诉诸于情感上和理论上强有力的解释,这与他自己的作品背道而驰。那么,如果软弱引发了它无法自卫的攻击,那么它的生成性或生产力是什么?从艾对弱情感和美学的研究中,我认为维特根斯坦对弱情感的持续复制是他探究日常生活和语言的一个条件——平凡有一个结构性的弱点,这是维特根斯坦的作品邀请我们去实践的。
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引用次数: 0
Apprehending Care in the Flesh: Reading Cavarero with Spillers 在肉体中领悟关怀:与斯皮尔读卡瓦雷罗
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0027
Timothy J. Huzar
Abstract:In this article I stage an encounter between Adriana Cavarero's account of uniqueness and Hortense Spillers's account of the flesh. Doing so is valuable for two reasons: First, it forces Cavarero's thought to consider not only the exclusion of women from the Western tradition, but also the anti-Blackness foundational to this tradition. This both expands and contorts Cavarero's thought, affirming her key claims while also altering them in the process. Second, reading Cavarero and Spillers together allows me to explore the way forms of life that evade representation can be known. Both uniqueness and the flesh are evasive of representation; by reading them together—supplementing Cavarero's consideration of the embodied character of uniqueness with Spillers's distinction between body and flesh—I develop an account of apprehension that emphasizes touch as a way of knowing apart from representation. Apprehension takes seriously the ambivalence in Spillers's account of the flesh, whereby it is both revealed through violence as well as through practices of care, which, as Saidiya Hartman has made clear, are often in a proximate relation in the ongoing legacies of transatlantic slavery.
摘要:在本文中,我将阿德里亚娜·卡瓦雷罗对独特性的描述与霍顿斯·斯皮勒斯对肉体的描述进行了一次碰撞。这样做是有价值的,原因有两个:首先,它迫使卡瓦雷罗的思想不仅要考虑西方传统对女性的排斥,还要考虑这一传统的基础——反黑人。这既扩展又扭曲了卡瓦雷罗的思想,肯定了她的关键主张,同时也在这个过程中改变了它们。其次,把卡瓦雷罗和斯皮勒斯放在一起读,让我可以探索逃避表象的生命形式是如何被认识的。唯一性和肉体都回避了表象;通过把它们放在一起阅读——用斯皮勒对身体和肉体的区分来补充卡瓦雷罗对独特的具体化性格的思考——我发展了一种理解的描述,强调触摸是一种除了表现之外的认识方式。《忧虑》严肃地对待了斯皮勒斯对肉体的描述中的矛盾心理,这种矛盾心理既通过暴力也通过关怀的实践表现出来,正如赛迪亚·哈特曼(Saidiya Hartman)明确指出的那样,这种矛盾心理往往与跨大西洋奴隶制的持续遗产密切相关。
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引用次数: 2
Nonsovereign: Inoperativity from Bataille to Agamben 非主权:从巴塔耶到阿甘本的非操作性
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0026
Michael Krimper
Abstract:Giorgio Agamben has recently expanded upon the positive and immanent potential of his archaeology of biopolitics from the perspective of inoperativity rather than work as the fundamental ontologico-political problem today. In doing so, he teases out an inoperative praxis and poetics that consists in deactivating human institutions, functions, and operations based on the metaphysical paradigm of sovereignty, all the while opening them to new possible uses. Though Agamben insists on the uncharted trajectory of his research, I argue that it closely resembles other approaches to inoperativity (or désœuvrement) undertaken by a loose filiation of French-language writers from which he departs, notably including Georges Bataille, Maurice Blanchot, Jean-Luc Nancy, and Achille Mbembe. Whereas Agamben's theory of inoperativity emphasizes a certain mode of destituent potential and use in view of the coming politics, these writers affirm the excess of finitude as a resource for refusal that animates literary and artistic creation at a distance from politics. Nevertheless, I contend that the effort of reading together the divergent formulations of inoperativity from Bataille to Agamben maps a more capacious theoretical and methodological framework for situating the dual tasks of abolishing sovereignty and improvising nonsovereign ways of doing and being in common. Their elucidations of the ethical and literary-aesthetic spheres of inoperativity in particular affirm the demands of freedom, resistance, and justice heard in nonsovereign forms of common life and shared finite existence.
摘要:乔治·阿甘本(Giorgio Agamben)最近从不可操作性的角度,而不是作为当今基本的本体论政治问题来工作,拓展了其生物政治考古学的积极和内在潜力。在这样做的过程中,他梳理出了一种不起作用的实践和诗学,即在主权的形而上学范式的基础上去激活人类的制度、功能和运作,同时为它们开辟新的可能用途。尽管阿甘本坚持他的研究的未知轨迹,但我认为,这与他离开的法语作家的松散分支所采取的其他不可行的方法(或désœuvrement)非常相似,特别是包括乔治·巴塔耶、莫里斯·布兰肖特、让-吕克·南希和阿希尔·姆本贝。尽管阿甘本的无效性理论强调了在即将到来的政治背景下破坏潜力和使用的某种模式,但这些作家肯定了有限性的过度是一种拒绝的资源,它在远离政治的情况下激发了文学和艺术创作。尽管如此,我认为,将从巴塔耶到阿甘本关于不可操作性的不同表述放在一起阅读,为定位废除主权和即兴创造非过度设计的行为方式和共同点的双重任务提供了一个更广阔的理论和方法框架。他们对不可操作性的伦理和文学美学领域的阐释,尤其肯定了在共同生活和共同有限存在的非极端形式中听到的自由、抵抗和正义的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Empty Streets 空荡荡的街道
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0028
K. O’Neill, James Rodríguez
Abstract:This visual essay invites renewed reflection on the iconography of the people. In the spring of 2020, Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei prohibited citizens from leaving their homes to help contain the spread of the novel coronavirus known as Covid-19. Doing little to manage the spread of the virus, these curfew events gave new aesthetic and political meaning to a familiar visual genre: photographs of empty streets. For more than a century, and especially in the summer of 2020, images of crowds and mass protests have provided both governments on the one hand, and protesting multitudes on the other with an aesthetic representation of the people. But this interest in collective assemblies has tended to engage only one side of the equation. To fully appreciate the visual power of the people, it is also necessary to understand those images from which people are strikingly absent.
摘要:这篇视觉文章引起了人们对人物肖像画的重新思考。2020年春天,危地马拉总统亚历杭德罗·贾姆马蒂禁止公民离开家园,以帮助遏制被称为新冠肺炎的新型冠状病毒的传播。这些宵禁活动对控制病毒传播几乎没有什么作用,为一种熟悉的视觉类型赋予了新的美学和政治意义:空荡荡的街道照片。一个多世纪以来,尤其是在2020年夏天,人群和大规模抗议的图像一方面为政府和抗议人群提供了人民的审美代表。但这种对集体集会的兴趣往往只涉及等式的一方。为了充分欣赏人们的视觉力量,还必须理解那些人们明显缺席的图像。
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引用次数: 2
Foreclosures of Finitude: On Kiarina Kordela's Epistemontology 有限性的前景——论柯德拉的认识论
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0030
J. Godley
Abstract:In conversation with Kiarina Kordela's Epistemontology, this essay considers how biopolitical capitalism relies upon the structural exclusion of experiences of dying and loss, while valorizing semblances of immortal transcendence. Following Kordela's argument that biopower attempts to "eternalize" the capitalist equation of being and value as coterminous with life through the production of experiences of false transcendence, this essay adds that the Hegelian critique of finitude clarifies the stakes of biopower's foreclosures of the death-event. With Lacan's account of foreclosure in mourning in Seminar VI, the essay concludes with how the potentiality of loss can reinscribe the subject's (non)rapport with eternity.
摘要:在与Kiarina Kordela的认识论对话中,本文思考了生物政治资本主义如何依赖于对死亡和失落经历的结构性排斥,同时对不朽超越的表象进行估价。根据Kordela的论点,即生物权力试图通过产生虚假的超越体验,将资本主义的存在和价值等式“永久化”为与生命相连,本文补充道,黑格尔对有限性的批判阐明了生物权力对死亡事件的止赎的利害关系。本文以拉康在第六次研讨会上对丧丧中丧失抵押品赎回权的描述,总结了损失的可能性如何重新描述主体与永恒的(非)关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Head That Remains 剩下的头
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0015
Natalie L. Belisle
Abstract:This essay examines the undertheorization of Afro-Latin American women and the underrepresentation of Afro-Latin American women as thinkers within the field of Latin American cultural theory. In particular, it elucidates how the bodily dismemberment, silence, and absorption of Afro-Latin American women is necessary for the constitution of mestizaje as a still-prevailing foundational cultural theory of Latin America. The essay unfolds via a critical reading of the decapitation of an Afro-descendant woman in Puerto Rican-Dominican writer Pedro Cabiya’s science-fiction tale La cabeza. It reads the dismemberment and transplantation of the Black woman’s remaining body in Cabiya’s text as an exemplary allegory of mestizaje, and links the emancipatory gesture of mestizaje to the condition of possibility of other forms of freedom that, ultimately, require the coercion, violation, and erasure of Afro-Latin American women. It asks how we might make space for the constitution of Black feminist studies in Latin America by remaining attentive to the severed presence of Afro-Latin American women.
摘要:本文考察了非裔拉丁美洲妇女理论化不足以及非裔拉丁美国妇女作为拉丁美洲文化理论领域思想家的代表性不足。特别是,它阐明了非裔拉丁美洲妇女的身体肢解、沉默和吸收是如何构成梅斯蒂扎耶这一仍然盛行的拉丁美洲基础文化理论的必要条件。这篇文章通过对波多黎各多明尼加作家佩德罗·卡比亚的科幻小说《La cabeza》中一名非洲裔女性被斩首的批判性解读展开。它将卡比亚文本中黑人女性剩余身体的肢解和移植解读为梅斯蒂扎耶的典型寓言,并将梅斯蒂扎杰的解放姿态与其他形式自由的可能性条件联系起来,这些自由最终需要对非裔拉丁美洲女性进行胁迫、侵犯和抹杀。它询问我们如何通过关注非裔拉丁美洲女性的分裂存在,为拉丁美洲黑人女权主义研究的构成腾出空间。
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引用次数: 0
In Defense of Feminist Abstraction 为抽象女权主义辩护
IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1353/dia.2021.0021
Anna Kornbluh
Abstract:Abstraction, objectivity, impersonality, and universality are all faculties of theory which have frequently roused theory’s ire. Although this ire characterizes such diverse tendencies as queer anti-nomianism, postcolonialism, rote deconstruction, and vitalist materialism, it gestates most abidingly in feminism. Thus feminist theorists have often understood their work as the rejection of generalization, conceptuality, phallogocentrism, and even argument, promoting instead a standpoint epistemology and écriture feminine which sacralizes particularization, hybridization, concretization, testimony, and genre-blending. Taking stock of these tendencies and trends, this essay asks whether the theoretical project of feminism, including its practical license, is well served by the perpetual eschewal of theory’s abstractions, and it answers “no.”
摘要:理论的抽象性、客观性、非人格性和普遍性是理论界经常遇到的问题。尽管这种愤怒体现了酷儿反唯名主义、后殖民主义、死记硬背解构主义和活力唯物主义等多种倾向,但它在女权主义中孕育得最为持久。因此,女权主义理论家经常把她们的工作理解为对概括、概念性、两性中心主义甚至争论的拒绝,而是提倡一种观点认识论和女性化的女性化,这种观点将特殊化、杂交化、具体化、证言和流派混合神圣化。对这些趋势和趋势进行评估后,本文提出了一个问题:女性主义的理论项目,包括它的实践许可,是否因为永远回避理论的抽象而得到了很好的服务?答案是否定的。
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引用次数: 1
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