Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103427
Álvaro Ibero , Miguel Polledo González
This article presents a previously unpublished set of parietal representations located on the Main Panel of the Tito Bustillo cave. Documentation work has revealed the existence of numerous engravings, paintings, and drawings depicting some of the most common themes in Cantabrian palaeolithic art (hind, horse, aurochs, and signs, among others), as well as much more exceptional ones (bear, feline, or female figure). The analysis of the parietal stratigraphy, combined with the context setting of their formal characteristics, has allowed us to identify a complex and extensive graphic sequence that delineates some of the mechanisms of graphical composition that participated in the ongoing construction of the Main Panel for more than twenty thousand years. Moreover, comparing it with figures from other geographical contexts sheds light on the symbolic links between the different communities of the European Palaeolithic.
{"title":"Un nouvel ensemble de manifestations pariétales sur le panneau principal de la grotte de Tito Bustillo (Asturies, Espagne)","authors":"Álvaro Ibero , Miguel Polledo González","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a previously unpublished set of parietal representations located on the Main Panel of the Tito Bustillo cave. Documentation work has revealed the existence of numerous engravings, paintings, and drawings depicting some of the most common themes in Cantabrian palaeolithic art (hind, horse, aurochs, and signs, among others), as well as much more exceptional ones (bear, feline, or female figure). The analysis of the parietal stratigraphy, combined with the context setting of their formal characteristics, has allowed us to identify a complex and extensive graphic sequence that delineates some of the mechanisms of graphical composition that participated in the ongoing construction of the Main Panel for more than twenty thousand years. Moreover, comparing it with figures from other geographical contexts sheds light on the symbolic links between the different communities of the European Palaeolithic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"130 1","pages":"Article 103427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103432
Henry de Lumley
Numerous prehistoric sites have been discovered along the Mediterranean coastline, from Liguria to Catalonia, via southeastern France, allowing us to trace the major stages in the cultural evolution of early humans within their paleoenvironments, since their arrival on the southern shores of Europe just over a million years ago. These sites include the Vallonnet cave in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, the Caune de l’Arago in Tautavel, the Terra Amata site in Nice, the Orgnac 3 site in Ardèche, the Observatoire cave in Monaco, the Lazaret cave in Nice, the Prince cave, the Cavillon cave, the Enfants cave under the Baousse Rousse cliff in Ventimiglia, the Madonna dell’Arma cave near San Remo, and the Hortus cave in Valflaunès have been the subject of major excavation projects that have made it possible to track environmental and climatic changes throughout the Quaternary period, taking into account pollen and anthracological studies, studies of large mammal and microvertebrate fauna, sedimentological analyses, isotopic stages, δ180/160 ratios in marine shells, paleomagnetic data, and radiochronological and biogeochemical dating.
{"title":"Les grandes étapes de l’évolution culturelle de l’Homme sur le littoral méditerranéen, en Ligurie, en Principauté de Monaco, en Provence, en Languedoc méditerranéen, en Roussillon et en Catalogne","authors":"Henry de Lumley","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous prehistoric sites have been discovered along the Mediterranean coastline, from Liguria to Catalonia, via southeastern France, allowing us to trace the major stages in the cultural evolution of early humans within their paleoenvironments, since their arrival on the southern shores of Europe just over a million years ago. These sites include the Vallonnet cave in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, the Caune de l’Arago in Tautavel, the Terra Amata site in Nice, the Orgnac 3 site in Ardèche, the Observatoire cave in Monaco, the Lazaret cave in Nice, the Prince cave, the Cavillon cave, the Enfants cave under the Baousse Rousse cliff in Ventimiglia, the Madonna dell’Arma cave near San Remo, and the Hortus cave in Valflaunès have been the subject of major excavation projects that have made it possible to track environmental and climatic changes throughout the Quaternary period, taking into account pollen and anthracological studies, studies of large mammal and microvertebrate fauna, sedimentological analyses, isotopic stages, δ<sup>18</sup>0/<sup>16</sup>0 ratios in marine shells, paleomagnetic data, and radiochronological and biogeochemical dating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103424
Khalid El Guennouni
This study concerns the rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of the Middle Pleistocene coming from two sites of the south-east of France: the open-air site of Terra Amata and the Lazaret cave, both located in the city of Nice. The Terra Amata site yielded 819 remains attributed to rabbits, compared to more than 12,000 remains at Lazaret. In both sites, we find almost all of the rabbit's anatomical elements. The aim is to determine the origin of the rabbit accumulations by cross-referencing the results of several analytical methods: analysis of age classes, spatial distribution, condition of bone surfaces (cut marks, burns, carnivore marks), and fragmentation of long bones. At Terra Amata, the assemblage, composed almost exclusively of adults, shows the presence of cut marks on some bones and the absence of traces of digestion: these elements suggest an exclusively anthropogenic origin. The Lazaret assemblage, on the other hand, has mixed characteristics: while some cuts and burns indicate human consumption, the majority of the remains appear to come from the pellets of nocturnal birds of prey (probably the eagle owl), supplemented by a few contributions from small carnivores. The study reveals the diversity of accumulation processes and highlights the difficulty of interpreting lagomorph fossil assemblages without cross-referencing the results of different analytical methods. Nevertheless, it confirms that humans in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic occasionally consumed rabbit, even if this practice remained marginal and not generalised.
{"title":"Les lapins du Pléistocène moyen (genre Oryctolagus) du sud-est de la France : étude taphonomique des lapins du site de plein air de Terra Amata et de la grotte du Lazaret","authors":"Khalid El Guennouni","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study concerns the rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em>) of the Middle Pleistocene coming from two sites of the south-east of France: the open-air site of Terra Amata and the Lazaret cave, both located in the city of Nice. The Terra Amata site yielded 819 remains attributed to rabbits, compared to more than 12,000 remains at Lazaret. In both sites, we find almost all of the rabbit's anatomical elements. The aim is to determine the origin of the rabbit accumulations by cross-referencing the results of several analytical methods: analysis of age classes, spatial distribution, condition of bone surfaces (cut marks, burns, carnivore marks), and fragmentation of long bones. At Terra Amata, the assemblage, composed almost exclusively of adults, shows the presence of cut marks on some bones and the absence of traces of digestion: these elements suggest an exclusively anthropogenic origin. The Lazaret assemblage, on the other hand, has mixed characteristics: while some cuts and burns indicate human consumption, the majority of the remains appear to come from the pellets of nocturnal birds of prey (probably the eagle owl), supplemented by a few contributions from small carnivores. The study reveals the diversity of accumulation processes and highlights the difficulty of interpreting lagomorph fossil assemblages without cross-referencing the results of different analytical methods. Nevertheless, it confirms that humans in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic occasionally consumed rabbit, even if this practice remained marginal and not generalised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103413
Olivier Notter, Elena Rossoni-Notter
The Museum of Prehistoric Anthropology of Monaco conducts research in the Aldène Cave (Hérault, France), the Prince of Monaco Cave (Liguria, Italy), and the Observatoire and Saint-Martin Caves (Principality of Monaco). From France to Mediterranean Italy, via the Principality of Monaco, these scientific programmes are carried out both in the field and in the laboratory, guided by new technologies and international collaborations. The multidisciplinary results contribute to our understanding of the behaviors and life ways of prehistoric groups between 500,000 and 15,000 years ago.
{"title":"Contributions du Musée d’Anthropologie préhistorique de Monaco à l’étude du Paléolithique méditerranéen. Nouvelles recherches dans les grottes d’Aldène (Hérault, France), du Prince de Monaco (Ligurie, Italie), de l’Observatoire et de Saint-Martin (Principauté de Monaco)","authors":"Olivier Notter, Elena Rossoni-Notter","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Museum of Prehistoric Anthropology of Monaco conducts research in the Aldène Cave (Hérault, France), the Prince of Monaco Cave (Liguria, Italy), and the Observatoire and Saint-Martin Caves (Principality of Monaco). From France to Mediterranean Italy, via the Principality of Monaco, these scientific programmes are carried out both in the field and in the laboratory, guided by new technologies and international collaborations. The multidisciplinary results contribute to our understanding of the behaviors and life ways of prehistoric groups between 500,000 and 15,000<!--> <!-->years ago.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103414
Fabio Negrino , Julien Riel-Salvatore , Stefano Benazzi , Claudine Gravel-Miguel , Jamie Hodgkins , Christopher Miller , Caley Orr , Marco Peresani , Geneviève Pothier-Bouchard , David Strait
This paper is a synthesis of some of the most recent results concerning the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic of Liguria. The outcomes from the excavations in the Late Mousterian (45–42 ky cal BP) and the Protoaurignacian (41.5–36 ky cal BP) levels at Riparo Bombrini (Ventimiglia, Imperia) and in the Mousterian (60–50 ky cal BP) and the Early Mesolithic (10 ky cal BP) levels at Arma Veirana (Erli, Savona) are presented.
本文综合了利古里亚旧石器时代和中石器时代的一些最新研究结果。本文介绍了在Riparo Bombrini （Ventimiglia, Imperia）的晚Mousterian （45-42 ky cal BP）和原aurignacian （41.5-36 ky cal BP）水平，以及在Arma Veirana （Erli, Savona）的Mousterian （60-50 ky cal BP）和早期中石器时代（10 ky cal BP）水平的挖掘结果。
{"title":"Nouvelles recherches et données sur les sites liguriens du Riparo Bombrini (Balzi Rossi, Imperia) et de l’Arma Veirana (Erli, Savona)","authors":"Fabio Negrino , Julien Riel-Salvatore , Stefano Benazzi , Claudine Gravel-Miguel , Jamie Hodgkins , Christopher Miller , Caley Orr , Marco Peresani , Geneviève Pothier-Bouchard , David Strait","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is a synthesis of some of the most recent results concerning the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic of Liguria. The outcomes from the excavations in the Late Mousterian (45–42 ky cal BP) and the Protoaurignacian (41.5–36 ky cal BP) levels at Riparo Bombrini (Ventimiglia, Imperia) and in the Mousterian (60–50 ky cal BP) and the Early Mesolithic (10 ky cal BP) levels at Arma Veirana (Erli, Savona) are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103408
Salvador Bailon , Alaric Manzano , Christian Sánchez-Bandera , Hugues-Alexandre Blain
Amphibians and reptiles provide essential information in Quaternary climatic and environmental reconstructions. In this work, we propose a synthesis of the current knowledge about the paleoherpetofauna of seven major archaeological sites of the Mediterranean domain of Western Europe: Barranco León, Fuente Nueva, Grotte du Vallonnet, Caune de l’Arago, Terra Amata, Grotte du Lazaret and Baume Moula-Guercy. The application of different methods of paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction allows us to infer some climatic and landscape parameters in which the different European hominin populations developed. A great climatic and environmental variability is highlighted during the last 1.5 Ma, although never subjected to extreme conditions on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, and allows us to apprehend the great adaptive capacity of prehistoric populations in the face of adverse conditions.
两栖动物和爬行动物为第四纪气候和环境重建提供了重要信息。在这项工作中，我们提出了对西欧地中海地区七个主要考古遗址的古爬行动物的现有知识的综合：Barranco León， Fuente Nueva, Grotte du Vallonnet, Caune de l 'Arago, Terra Amata， Grotte du Lazaret和Baume mola - guercy。不同古气候和古环境重建方法的应用使我们能够推断出不同欧洲古人类种群发展的一些气候和景观参数。在过去的1.5 Ma期间，尽管从未在地中海沿岸受到极端条件的影响，但气候和环境的巨大变化是突出的，这使我们能够理解史前人口面对不利条件时的巨大适应能力。
{"title":"Herpétofaunes en contexte archéologique au cours des derniers 1,5 Ma dans le domaine méditerranéen ; biodiversité et données climatiques et environnementales dérivées de leur étude","authors":"Salvador Bailon , Alaric Manzano , Christian Sánchez-Bandera , Hugues-Alexandre Blain","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amphibians and reptiles provide essential information in Quaternary climatic and environmental reconstructions. In this work, we propose a synthesis of the current knowledge about the paleoherpetofauna of seven major archaeological sites of the Mediterranean domain of Western Europe: Barranco León, Fuente Nueva, Grotte du Vallonnet, Caune de l’Arago, Terra Amata, Grotte du Lazaret and Baume Moula-Guercy. The application of different methods of paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction allows us to infer some climatic and landscape parameters in which the different European hominin populations developed. A great climatic and environmental variability is highlighted during the last 1.5 Ma, although never subjected to extreme conditions on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, and allows us to apprehend the great adaptive capacity of prehistoric populations in the face of adverse conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103415
Véronique Michel , Chuan-Chou Shen , Guanjun Shen , Mathieu Duval , Jon Woodhead , Yu-Min Chou , Hsun-Ming Hu , Chung-Che Wu , Yu-Chun Kan , Huihui Yang , Tsai-Luen Yu , Sylvain Gallet , Henry de Lumley
At Lazaret Cave, new MC-ICP-MS U-Th dating results constrain the formation of the uppermost stalagmitic floor E to between ∼120 ka and ∼8 ka, indicating that the underlying archaeological levels of stratigraphic Unit C are older than 120 ka. Additionally, two short magnetic excursions of reversed polarity identified within the carbonates may be correlated to Blake (∼120 ka) and post-Blake (∼100 ka) events. Importantly, these chronological constraints are supported by updated combined U-series/ESR ages of 17 deer teeth ranging from around 110 to 200 ka. Stratigraphic Unit C at Lazaret is therefore attributed to Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6). At Vallonnet Cave, U-Pb dating, supplemented with U-Th data, returns ages of 1.22 ± 0.09 and 1.19 ± 0.07 Ma for the lower stalagmitic floor (Complex I), while the upper stalagmitic floor (Complex IV) shows an age ranging from 1.13 ± 0.15 and 1.18 ± 0.09 Ma. These carbonate formations stratigraphically bracket the archaeological levels of Complex III, which are consequently constrained to around 1.2 Ma. These levels may be correlated to Marine Isotope Stages 36 and 35 (MIS 36–35) and coincide with the Cobb Mountain geomagnetic subchron according to paleomagnetic results. At both sites, the radiometric data are consistent with biostratigraphic inferences.
{"title":"Cadre chronologique des grottes du Lazaret et du Vallonnet, deux sites majeurs du Paléolithique dans le Sud-Est de la France","authors":"Véronique Michel , Chuan-Chou Shen , Guanjun Shen , Mathieu Duval , Jon Woodhead , Yu-Min Chou , Hsun-Ming Hu , Chung-Che Wu , Yu-Chun Kan , Huihui Yang , Tsai-Luen Yu , Sylvain Gallet , Henry de Lumley","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At Lazaret Cave, new MC-ICP-MS U-Th dating results constrain the formation of the uppermost stalagmitic floor E to between ∼120 ka and ∼8 ka, indicating that the underlying archaeological levels of stratigraphic Unit C are older than 120 ka. Additionally, two short magnetic excursions of reversed polarity identified within the carbonates may be correlated to Blake (∼120 ka) and post-Blake (∼100 ka) events. Importantly, these chronological constraints are supported by updated combined U-series/ESR ages of 17 deer teeth ranging from around 110 to 200 ka. Stratigraphic Unit C at Lazaret is therefore attributed to Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6). At Vallonnet Cave, U-Pb dating, supplemented with U-Th data, returns ages of 1.22<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.09 and 1.19<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.07 Ma for the lower stalagmitic floor (Complex I), while the upper stalagmitic floor (Complex IV) shows an age ranging from 1.13<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.15 and 1.18<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.09 Ma. These carbonate formations stratigraphically bracket the archaeological levels of Complex III, which are consequently constrained to around 1.2 Ma. These levels may be correlated to Marine Isotope Stages 36 and 35 (MIS 36–35) and coincide with the Cobb Mountain geomagnetic subchron according to paleomagnetic results. At both sites, the radiometric data are consistent with biostratigraphic inferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103412
Patricia Valensi , Khalid El Guennouni , Agnès Testu , Nicolas Boulbes , Véronique Michel , Gérard Onoratini , Eleni Psathi , Abdelkader Moussous , Sharada Channarayapatna Visweswara , Henry de Lumley
Alpes-Maritimes and Liguria represent a particularly rich region with several prehistoric sites, some of which have been known since the 19th century. A reassessment of the faunal assemblages from ten sites belonging to this region has allowed for the renewal of their faunal lists. The evolutionary stages of specific lineages of large mammals complement the biostratigraphic approach of the Late Middle Pleistocene and Upper Pleistocene. It shows regional specificities linked to the geographical position of the deposits, such as the persistence of archaic taxa in the Upper Pleistocene (Hyaena prisca and Cuon priscus). In addition, the last occurrences of Ursus spelaeus are relatively late since they are recorded in Epigravettian deposits. Palaeoloxodon antiquus is well-represented at MIS 4 and seems to last in Liguria until the beginning of MIS 3. Mammuthus primigenius appears late in the region (at MIS 4) and is later represented at MIS 2 mainly by manufactured objects (ornaments and mobile art). A paleoclimatic analysis is proposed based on various methods (climatograms and multivariate analyses). The amplitude of the perceived cooling has been found to be always moderate due to the location of the deposits (southern position, proximity to the sea and the mountain), and the faunal sequences seem to have never entirely renewed, thus allowing a certain maintenance/upkeeping of local biodiversity which led to the homogeneity of faunal assemblages.
{"title":"Biostratigraphie et paléoécologie des grands mammifères du Pléistocène moyen et supérieur en Ligurie (Italie) et dans les Alpes-Maritimes (France)","authors":"Patricia Valensi , Khalid El Guennouni , Agnès Testu , Nicolas Boulbes , Véronique Michel , Gérard Onoratini , Eleni Psathi , Abdelkader Moussous , Sharada Channarayapatna Visweswara , Henry de Lumley","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpes-Maritimes and Liguria represent a particularly rich region with several prehistoric sites, some of which have been known since the 19th century. A reassessment of the faunal assemblages from ten sites belonging to this region has allowed for the renewal of their faunal lists. The evolutionary stages of specific lineages of large mammals complement the biostratigraphic approach of the Late Middle Pleistocene and Upper Pleistocene. It shows regional specificities linked to the geographical position of the deposits, such as the persistence of archaic taxa in the Upper Pleistocene (<em>Hyaena prisca</em> and <em>Cuon priscus</em>). In addition, the last occurrences of <em>Ursus spelaeus</em> are relatively late since they are recorded in Epigravettian deposits. <em>Palaeoloxodon antiquus</em> is well-represented at MIS 4 and seems to last in Liguria until the beginning of MIS 3. <em>Mammuthus primigenius</em> appears late in the region (at MIS 4) and is later represented at MIS 2 mainly by manufactured objects (ornaments and mobile art). A paleoclimatic analysis is proposed based on various methods (climatograms and multivariate analyses). The amplitude of the perceived cooling has been found to be always moderate due to the location of the deposits (southern position, proximity to the sea and the mountain), and the faunal sequences seem to have never entirely renewed, thus allowing a certain maintenance/upkeeping of local biodiversity which led to the homogeneity of faunal assemblages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103423
Gérard Onoratini , Almudena Arellano , Pierre-Élie Moullé , Patrick Simon , Alain Raux , Dominique Cauche , Cinzia Joris
A key site for understanding the Paleolithic sequence in the Ligurian-Provençal region, the Grimaldi Caves or Balzi Rossi are located on the coastal penetration route that saw the arrival of the first modern humans from the East more than 40,000 years ago, after the last Neanderthals had deserted the region. The environment revealed by large mammals in Unit I of the Mochi rock shelter (Mousterian levels) experiences alternating cold ans temperate climates. The end of the Mousterian period took place under a temperate climate. For Units G ans F (Protoaurignacian and Aurignacian) of the Mochi rock shelter, the fauna also shows environments that can vary (open/covered). Thanks to a new cross-section survey accompanied by new samples taken in 1993 in the Mochi rock shelter, a detailed reconstruction of the sequence from the Protoaurignacian to the Gravettian was made possible using the lithic artifacts recovered from these samples. Three Protoaurignacian levels are followed by three Aurignacian levels. Then, after a transitionnal Aurignacian, levels from the Early Gravettian, the Noaillian Gravettian, and the Final Gravettian follow. The know Mousterian levels and the Protoaurignacian to Gravettian levels are contemporaneous with marine isotope stage 3. The Final Gravettian is contemporaneous with marine isotope stage 2.
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