Anthropologie最新文献_第5页

Étude technologique des industries des sites holocènes de la région du lac Kudaykol (Kazakhstan septentrional) 库代科尔湖（哈萨克斯坦北部）全新世遗址工业技术研究

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103364

Yelena K. Tusheva , Saule Z. Rakhimzhanova , Rimma N. Aminova

This paper shows the lithic collections from the Kudaykol 1–3 sites. They come from the safeguarding work carried out near the eponymous lake in Northern Kazakhstan in 2018–2019. The material consists of Holocene archaeological material discovered on the shores of the lake. It is placed in the chrono-cultural context of the development of the region's industries. The context is based on the stratified Shiderty 3 site and the Ekibastuz 17, Sharbakty 1 sites from Northern and North-Eastern Kazakhstan. The study is based on a historical and cultural approach. The archaeological complexes represent the result of human activities conditioned by many external factors. The main method is based on technological and typological approaches. The field methods are the planigraphy and the reconstruction of relative chronology. For the study, the collection was grouped into series according to raw material in order to compare them with the collections from the stratified Shiderty 3 site. This one made it possible to propose the cultural and chronological model for the development of the lithic industries from the Northern Saryarka region. The Mesolithic material is similar to that from the Shiderty culture complexes in North-Eastern Kazakhstan. The Lower Neolithic complex has similarities with the Shiderty 3, Telmana XIV and Nurmambet I site. The Middle Neolithic collections correspond to the Atbasar culture of Northern Kazakhstan. The Upper Neolithic collection is correlated with that from the Sharbakty 1, Borly and Shiderty 3 sites, located on the left and right banks of the Irtysh River. The Eneolithic complex is close to the industries at the Ekibastuz 17, Temirastau and Shiderty 3 sites. According to the obtained results, these people were hunters and gatherers who lived on these sites between the Mesolithic and the Eneolithic periods.

本文展示了库代科尔1-3个遗址的岩屑集合。它们来自2018-2019年在哈萨克斯坦北部同名湖泊附近开展的保护工作。该材料由湖边发现的全新世考古材料组成。它被置于该地区工业发展的时间文化背景中。背景是基于分层的Shiderty 3遗址和哈萨克斯坦北部和东北部的Ekibastuz 17、Sharbakty 1遗址。这项研究是以历史和文化方法为基础的。考古复合体是人类活动受多种外部因素制约的结果。主要的方法是基于技术和类型学方法。实地考察的方法有平面法和相对年代学的重建。在本研究中，根据原料将收集物分组成系列，以便与分层Shiderty 3站点的收集物进行比较。这使得我们有可能为北萨亚尔卡地区的石器工业的发展提出文化和时间模型。中石器时代的材料与哈萨克斯坦东北部的Shiderty文化复合体相似。新石器时代晚期的建筑群与Shiderty 3、Telmana XIV和Nurmambet I遗址有相似之处。新石器时代中期的藏品与哈萨克斯坦北部的阿特巴萨文化相对应。新石器时代晚期的藏品与位于额尔齐斯河左岸和右岸的Sharbakty 1、Borly和Shiderty 3遗址的藏品相关联。新石器时代的建筑群靠近Ekibastuz 17， Temirastau和Shiderty 3遗址的工业。根据获得的结果，这些人是生活在中石器时代和新石器时代之间的狩猎者和采集者。

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引用次数: 0

Paléolithique supérieur ancien des piémonts du Tian-Shan septentrional (Kazakhstan du Sud-est). Dernières découvertes et état de la recherche 天山北部（哈萨克斯坦东南部）旧石器时代晚期的古代山麓。最新发现与研究现状

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103368

Dmitri V. Ozherelyev , Talgat B. Mamirov

The Upper Palaeolithic is little studied in Kazakhstan. The few stratified sites were known in this vast region until recent years. However, the research begun in the 2000s has made it possible to locate numerous multi-layered sites in Southeast Kazakhstan, particularly in the foothills of the Northern Tian-Shan. The sites contain many layers of the Early Upper Palaeolithic (EUP). The Maybulak, Rakhat, Uzynagash 1–2, Kyzylauz 2 and Kuruma sites were discovered between 2004 and 2023 and are currently being studied. The sites are characterised by the presence of fireplaces, conservation pits and charcoal stains. The archaeological material consists of lithic objects and sporadic fragments of animal bones. Radiocarbon dating of the EUP layers from these sites shows a period of ∼35,000–27,500 uncal BP (∼41,000–30,000 cal BP). The lithic industries is divided into three principal complexes: the first complex with a dating of > 41,000 cal BP, the second complex with a dating of ∼41,000–39,500 cal BP and the third complex with a dating of ∼36,000–30,000 cal BP. A cultural hiatus is attested between ∼39,500–36,000 cal BP. Overall, the EUP industries of the Northern Tian-Shan have similarities with the proto-Aurignacian and Aurignacian industries. However, they also show an original aspect. A major new cultural complex of the EUP sites is thus located in the foothills of the Northern Tian-Shan. In general terms, it can be considered as a Tian-Shan Aurignacian variant.

旧石器时代晚期在哈萨克斯坦很少被研究。直到最近几年，在这个广阔的地区才发现了为数不多的分层遗址。然而，从2000年代开始的研究使得在哈萨克斯坦东南部，特别是在天山北部的山麓定位许多多层遗址成为可能。这些遗址包含了旧石器时代早期（EUP）的许多层。Maybulak、Rakhat、Uzynagash 1-2、Kyzylauz 2和Kuruma遗址是在2004年至2023年间发现的，目前正在研究中。这些遗址的特点是存在壁炉，保存坑和木炭渍。考古材料包括石器和零星的动物骨骼碎片。对这些地点的EUP地层进行放射性碳测年，其年代为~ 35000 - 27500 cal BP （~ 41000 - 30000 cal BP）。岩屑工业分为三个主要复合体：第一个复合体的年代为100年；第二个复合体的年代为~ 41,000 - 39,500 cal BP，第三个复合体的年代为~ 36,000-30,000 cal BP。在约39,500-36,000 cal BP之间证实了文化中断。总体而言，天山北部EUP产业与原奥日尼亚期和奥日尼亚期产业具有相似之处。然而，他们也表现出了原创的一面。因此，EUP基地的一个重要的新文化综合体位于天山北部的山麓。总的来说，它可以被认为是天山奥日尼亚期的变体。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamique culturelle des industries lithiques du site Paléolithique supérieur de Rakhat (Tian-Shan septentrional) Rakhat（天山北部）旧石器时代晚期石刻工业的文化动态

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103351

Dmitri V. Ozherelyev , Talgat B. Mamirov

The territory of present-day Kazakhstan presents the major part of Central Asia, extending from the Caspian Sea in the west to the Altai Mountains in the east. More than a dozen Upper Palaeolithic sites was discovered during intensive archaeological work in recent years in the foothills of the northern Tian-Shan (Ili Alatau). Among them, the Rakhat site takes a special place. The archaeological layers of the site are located in loess. In 2018–2023, the whole 13 m-thick loess deposit was excavated over an area of ∼ 60 m. In total, the Rakhat site consists of 16 archaeological layers. Almost every layer is represented by hearths, fireplaces or charcoal stains. All the layers are characterised by short-lived, probably seasonal, occupations. The total collection consists of 9267 lithic finds. The layers are grouped into three levels : layer 12 is attributed to the end of the Early Upper Palaeolithic (∼ 28000–27000 years uncal. BP); layers 11, 10, 9, 8/1, 8/2, 7, 6 represent the Middle Upper Palaeolithic (∼ 25200-23300 yeans uncal. BP); layers 5, 4/4, 4/3, 4/2, 4/1, 3, 2, 1 determine the beginning of the Final Upper Palaeolithic (∼ 20300–19300 years uncal. BP). A hiatus linked to one of the unfavourable periods of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was determined between the last two levels. The site highlights the beginning and transformation of different cultural complexes in conditions of climatic change during the Last Glacial Maximum in the interior regions of Central Asia. Overall, the material from the site shows, on the one hand, the identity of the Upper Palaeolithic cultural complexes in this region. On the other hand, it demonstrates that the Upper Palaeolithic in the northern Tian-Shan fallows follows a common cultural vector, typical of the western part of Eurasia.

今天哈萨克斯坦的领土是中亚的主要部分，从西部的里海延伸到东部的阿尔泰山脉。近年来，在天山北麓（伊犁阿拉陶）密集的考古工作中，发现了十多个旧石器时代晚期遗址。其中，拉哈特遗址占有特殊的地位。遗址的考古层位于黄土中。在2018-2023年，整个13米厚的黄土沉积物在约60米的面积上被挖掘出来。拉哈特遗址总共由16个考古层组成。几乎每一层都有壁炉、壁炉或木炭渍。所有层的特征都是短暂的，可能是季节性的。总收藏包括9267个石器发现。这些层被分为三个层次：第12层被认为是早期旧石器时代晚期（距今28000-27000年）。英国石油公司);第11层、第10层、第9层、第8/1层、第8/2层、第7层和第6层代表旧石器时代中晚期（距今约25200-23300年）。英国石油公司);第5、4/4、4/3、4/2、4/1、3、2、1层确定了晚期旧石器时代（距今约20300-19300年）的开始。英国石油公司)。在最后两个水平之间确定了一个与末次盛冰期（LGM）的一个不利时期有关的中断。该遗址突出了中亚内陆地区末次冰期极大期气候变化条件下不同文化综合体的开始和转变。总体而言，该遗址的材料一方面显示了该地区旧石器时代晚期文化综合体的身份。另一方面，它表明天山北部的旧石器时代晚期遵循了欧亚大陆西部典型的共同文化载体。

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引用次数: 0

Genèse des sites néolithiques de la région de la Mer d’Aral 咸海地区新石器时代遗址的起源

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103369

Saule Zh. Rakhimzhanova , Yelena К. Tusheva , Rimma N. Aminova , Yslam S. Kurmaniyazov , Zhanna T. Akkoshkarova

The Kelteminar culture is an important phenomenon of the Neolithic period, and new unpublished material from the sites in the Northwestern region of the Aral Sea allows us to understand this culture. Its technological and typological characteristics show the current concept of the development of lithic industries in the region. The studied complexes of sites highlight the components of two Neolithic cultures (the Kelteminar culture and the Oyukly culture) that existed in regions bordering on the study area. The processes of Neolithisation between native and non-native peoples represent cultural interrelations and common vectors of cultural development. The new data enable us to broaden our understanding of the cultural interrelationships and migration processes of peoples living in the Aral Sea region and in Kazakhstan in general.

凯尔特米纳尔文化是新石器时代的一个重要现象，咸海西北部地区遗址中未发表的新材料使我们得以了解这一文化。其技术和类型学特征显示了该地区石器工业发展的现有概念。所研究的遗址群突出了与研究区域接壤地区存在的两种新石器时代文化（凯尔泰米纳尔文化和奥尤克里文化）的组成部分。原住民和非原住民之间的新石器时代进程代表了文化的相互关系和文化发展的共同载体。新的数据使我们能够拓宽对咸海地区乃至整个哈萨克斯坦各民族文化相互关系和迁徙过程的认识。

引用次数: 0

Rôle de l’Asie centrale dans la dispersion des industries du Micoquien/KMG en Eurasie 中亚在Micoquien/KMG产业在欧亚地区分散中的作用

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103370

Aleksander K. Otcherednoy , Olga A. Artyukhova , Talgat B. Mamirov , Evgeniya A. Osipova , Anton R. Lada , Ekaterina V. Pugacheva , Dmitri V. Ozherelyev

The dispersal of Middle Palaeolithic Micoquian/KMG industries in Eurasia is generally linked in the current literature to the migrations of groups of Neanderthals who, through these movements from Central and Eastern Europe, reached the Altaï, the South-eastern part of Western Siberia. In the meantime, the emergence of Micoquian industries in the Altaï can be explained by different reasons. This hypothesis is favoured by the presence of industries and isolated pieces linked to the Micoquian/KMG in Central Kazakhstan, mainly in its eastern part, near Lake Balkhash. The identification of these industries in Kazakhstan is mostly based on a technological study, because stratified sites are currently absent in this region and all Middle Palaeolithic sites are characterised solely by surface collections. The study of the collections is based on the identification of the technologies used in manufacturing of Keilmesser, asymmetrical tools with several cutting edges and different types of back. This is a category of complex bifacial tools, associated with the Micoquian/KMG of different regions in Europe, the Levant and Northern Africa. This paper presents the results of studies of collections from four sites: Shakhbagata (east coast of the Caspian Sea, Mangyshlak Peninsula), Semizbugu (Saryarka, northern region of Lake Balkhash), Khanatu (Chu-Ili Mountains, south-western region of Lake Balkhash) and Chingiz (eastern region of Lake Balkhash). This new approach to study the mentioned collections and the results are unprecedented.

在目前的文献中，旧石器时代中期米科基人/KMG工业在欧亚大陆的分散通常与尼安德特人群体的迁徙有关，尼安德特人通过这些从中欧和东欧的迁徙，到达了Altaï，即西西伯利亚的东南部。同时，Altaï Micoquian产业的出现也有不同的原因。在哈萨克斯坦中部，主要是在靠近巴尔喀什湖的东部地区，存在着与Micoquian/KMG有关的工业和孤立的碎片，这一假设得到了支持。哈萨克斯坦这些工业的鉴定主要基于一项技术研究，因为该地区目前没有分层遗址，所有中旧石器时代遗址都仅以表面收集为特征。对这些收藏品的研究是基于对制造Keilmesser所使用的技术的识别，这是一种具有几种尖端和不同类型背部的不对称工具。这是一类复杂的双面工具，与欧洲、黎凡特和北非不同地区的Micoquian/KMG有关。本文介绍了Shakhbagata（里海东岸，Mangyshlak半岛）、Semizbugu（巴尔喀什湖北部的Saryarka）、Khanatu（巴尔喀什湖西南部的Chu-Ili山脉）和Chingiz（巴尔喀什湖东部地区）4个地点的标本研究结果。这种研究上述藏品的新方法和结果是前所未有的。

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引用次数: 0

Culture énéolithique de Botaï-Tersek au Kazakhstan septentrional 哈萨克斯坦北部的Botai -Tersek新石器时代文化

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103363

Sergey V. Zakharov

The final period of the Palaeolithic in Northern Kazakhstan is highly represented by Eneolithic sites of the Botai-Tersek culture. This paper provides an overview and principal information on the material criteria of this culture. The major sites are the Botai, the Krasnyj Yar I, the Vasilkovka IV, the Kozhai 1 and the Kumkeshu 1. They are situated in two regions bordering Northern Kazakhstan. These are the Turgay depression and the north-western part of the Sary-Arka region. These large sites were occupied for a long time. They are represented by dozens and hundreds of semi-buried habitats. The faunal assemblage from the major sites is predominated by horse bones. The material is best represented by lithic and bone tools, ceramics and engraved phalanges of horses and other ungulate species. The collections are abundant and very diversified. The knapping is based both on the production of flake tools and bifacial retouching. The collections are dominated by lithic and bone tools for hunting and for treatment of raw materials of animal origin. The round-based, low-streamlined ceramic vessels are decorated with geometric compositions with straight lines. The major questions are about the development and origine of the Botai-Tersek culture.

哈萨克斯坦北部旧石器时代的最后阶段以博泰-特尔塞克文化的新石器时代遗址为代表。本文提供了关于这种文化的物质标准的概述和主要信息。主要遗址有博泰、克拉斯尼耶尔1号、瓦西里科夫卡4号、Kozhai 1号和Kumkeshu 1号。它们位于与哈萨克斯坦北部接壤的两个地区。这些是Turgay坳陷和Sary-Arka地区的西北部。这些大型遗址被占领了很长时间。它们以几十个和数百个半埋藏的栖息地为代表。主要遗址的动物群以马骨为主。这种材料最具代表性的是石器和骨制工具、陶瓷和雕刻的马和其他有蹄类动物的趾骨。馆藏丰富，种类繁多。切割是基于薄片工具的生产和双面修图。这些藏品主要是用于狩猎和处理动物来源的原材料的石器和骨工具。圆形、低流线型的陶瓷容器用直线的几何构图装饰。主要的问题是关于博泰-特塞克文化的发展和起源。

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引用次数: 0

Découverte des sites paléolithiques dans les régions intramontagneuses du Tian-Shan septentrional (Kazakhstan du Sud-est) 在天山北部（哈萨克斯坦东南部）山区发现旧石器时代遗址

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103350

Dmitri V. Ozherelyev , Talgat B. Mamirov , Rimma N. Aminova , Kanat A. Eskendirov , Anton I. Ferapontov

Most Palaeolithic sites, known in the Northern Tian-Shan are located in the foothills. In 2021, during a survey campaign, the Kazakh-Russian Palaeolithic expedition discovered a group of Palaeolithic sites, Saryzhasyk 1–4, in the intramountain valley of the Kastek river (Ile-Alatau ridge, absolute altitude 1776 m–1801 m above current sea level). The sites are located on the large fluvio-glacial detrital fan of a small mountain river. The detrital fan consists of two levels of different periods. Their formation is linked to the melting of glaciers from two glacial periods of the Upper Pleistocene. Each level of the detrital fan is characterised by two groups of sites attributed to different periods. The sites are represented by one archaeological layer, identified in the overlying loess at a shallow depth. The Saryzhazyk 3 site yielded 36 finds made in grey effusive rock (Levallois cores, flakes, blades, blade tools), which come from a small excavation area (S = 4 m²). The Saryzhazyk 1 site shows 972 finds (S = 28 m²), most of which were made in burgundy porphyrite. The collection mainly consists both of debitage products and rare tools (scrapers, retouched flakes, backed blades). According to the technological and typological criteria of the collections, the Saryzhazyk Gorge was populated during two periods: at the end of the Middle Palaeolithic (or at the beginning of the Upper Palaeolithic, MIS 3; Saryzhazyk 2–3 sites) and at the end of the Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MIS 2; Saryzhazyk 1, 4 sites).

大部分的旧石器时代遗址，如天山北部，都位于山麓。2021年，在一次调查活动中，哈萨克斯坦-俄罗斯旧石器时代探险队在Kastek河的山间山谷（Ile-Alatau山脊，绝对海拔1776 m - 1801 m）发现了一组旧石器时代遗址，Saryzhasyk 1-4。这些遗址位于一条小山河的大型河流-冰川碎屑扇上。碎屑扇由不同时期的两层组成。它们的形成与上更新世两个冰期的冰川融化有关。每一层的碎屑扇都有两组不同时期的遗址。这些遗址由一个考古层代表，在上覆的浅层黄土中发现。Saryzhazyk 3遗址出土了36件灰色渗出岩石（Levallois岩心、薄片、刀片、刀片工具），它们来自一个小的挖掘区域（S = 4 m2）。Saryzhazyk 1遗址共发现了972个（S = 28 m2），其中大部分是用酒红色斑岩制成的。收藏品主要包括废品和稀有工具（刮刀，修饰薄片，背面刀片）。根据收集的技术和类型标准，Saryzhazyk峡谷有两个时期的人口：在中旧石器时代末期(或在旧石器时代晚期开始，MIS 3；Saryzhazyk 2 - 3个遗址)和旧石器时代中晚期(MIS 2；Saryzhazyk 1,4站点)。

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引用次数: 0

Les premières traces de l'activité humaine du Paléolithique inférieur au Kazakhstan central 哈萨克斯坦中部旧石器时代晚期人类活动的第一个痕迹

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103365

Valery S. Voloshin

From the 1960s to the present day, Central Kazakhstan has yielded abundant Lower Palaeolithic material. Nevertheless, with a few exceptions, this material is represented by lithic collections from surface sites. This fact has led to a series of speculative theories about the geological period of the Lower Palaeolithic complexes, identified on surface material according to wind erosion criteria. These are also theories about the earliest human occupation of the region. Even now, the Batpak 19–20 sites (watershed of the Nura and Ishim rivers) represent the only exception. Palaeomagnetic studies of the geological sections of the sites allowed to establish the following stratigraphic groups: the Batpak group (probable age between 650 and 400 Ka), the Lower Aktasty group (Apcheron period, Lower Pleistocene) and the Upper Aktasty group (Akchagyl period, around Matuyama). The archaeological material first comes from the deposits of the Lower Aktasty stratigraphic series, from the basal horizon, associated with the remains of Hipparion hippidiodus (Aktasty I industry). Secondly, it is issue from the upper soil of the Aktasty pedological complex that crowns the stratigraphic series (Aktasty II industry). Both industries show specific characteristics, partly linked to the use of bad quality raw materials (metamorphosed quartzite and quartz). They are characterised by massive, pointed tools, some of which are close to the Lower Acheulean proto-handaxes and cutting tools and by burins or burin-type tools, typical of the Oldowayan. Pointed tools of specific shape are described separately. Apparently, these were the hunting tools of prehistoric Man. The age of the industries is theoretically estimated at 2.6–2.3 Ma for the Aktasty I unit and 1.8 Ma for the Aktasty II unit. This paper presents two chronological series of Lower Palaeolithic pebble industries from the Zhuantyube 1 surface site (Betpak-Dala desert) that are traditionally attributed to the Upper Pliocene – Lower Pleistocene period.

从20世纪60年代到现在，哈萨克斯坦中部已经发现了大量的旧石器时代晚期的材料。然而，除了少数例外，这种材料是由地表遗址的岩屑集合代表的。这一事实导致了一系列关于下旧石器时代复合体地质时期的推测理论，这些理论是根据风蚀标准在地表物质上确定的。这些也是关于人类最早占领该地区的理论。即使是现在，Batpak 19-20遗址（Nura河和Ishim河的分水岭）也是唯一的例外。通过对这些遗址地质剖面的古地磁研究，建立了以下地层群：Batpak群（可能年龄在650 - 400 Ka之间）、下Aktasty群（Apcheron期，下更新世）和上Aktasty群（Akchagyl期，松山附近）。考古资料首先来自下Aktasty地层系列的沉积物，来自基底层，与Hipparion hippidiodus （Aktasty I工业）的遗迹有关。其次，阿克塔斯特沉积复合体的上部土壤问题是该地层系列（阿克塔斯特II工业）的首要问题。这两个行业都表现出特定的特点，部分与使用劣质原料（变质石英岩和石英）有关。它们的特征是巨大而尖锐的工具，其中一些接近下阿舍利时代的原始手斧和切割工具，还有典型的奥尔多瓦扬时代的燃烧或燃烧型工具。特殊形状的尖头工具分别描述。显然，这些是史前人类的狩猎工具。理论上估计，Aktasty I机组的工业年龄为2.6-2.3 Ma， Aktasty II机组的工业年龄为1.8 Ma。本文介绍了betpakar - dala沙漠中转玉别1号地表遗址的两个下旧石器时代卵石工业年代学系列，传统上认为它们属于上新世-下更新世时期。

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引用次数: 0

Le Kazakhstan avant l’Histoire : mythe ou réalité ? 历史前的哈萨克斯坦：神话还是现实？

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103366

Evgeniya A. Osipova , Talgat B. Mamirov

引用次数: 0

Néolithique du Tourgaï : sites, artefacts, paléoéconomie et liens transculturels 图尔盖新石器时代：遗址、文物、古经济和跨文化联系

IF 0.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropologie

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103367

Irina V. Shevnina, Andrey V. Logvin

This paper presents the Neolithic period in the Turgay region (Northern Kazakhstan). The main population of the Turgay region during the Neolithic period was represented by human groups with the Mahanjar culture. The study of this culture allowed to reconstruct the daily life of the Neolithic population from the Turgay region (economy, manufacture of lithic tools, pottery production, etc.). Many data from isotopic, petrographic and binocular microscopy analyses, as well as palaeozoological study, were also used for this purpose. The paper raises many questions about the origins of the Mahanjar culture, the dispersal routes of the people with this culture, and their contacts with Neolithic populations from the territories beyond the Urals. The Turgay depression once represented a kind of “corridor” between Central Asia and the Urals, Siberia, in other words, the contact zone between human populations, and an important crossroad in the migration processes of Eurasia.

本文介绍了哈萨克斯坦北部图尔盖地区的新石器时代。新石器时代突厥地区的主要人口以马汉杰尔文化为代表。对这种文化的研究使我们得以重建图尔盖地区新石器时代人口的日常生活（经济、石器工具的制造、陶器的生产等）。来自同位素、岩石学和双目显微镜分析以及古生物学研究的许多数据也被用于这一目的。这篇论文提出了许多关于Mahanjar文化的起源，拥有这种文化的人的传播路线，以及他们与乌拉尔以外地区新石器时代人口的接触的问题。图尔盖洼地曾经是中亚与乌拉尔、西伯利亚之间的一种“走廊”，换言之，是人类的接触地带，是欧亚大陆人口迁移过程中的一个重要十字路口。

引用次数: 0