Journal of Children and Media最新文献

{"title":"The next time is now! How children and media professionals must respond to Russia’s war in Ukraine","authors":"Dafna Lemish, M. Götz","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2054524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2054524","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Media play a significant role in children’s wellbeing during times of crisis. In this integrated commentary of our research and activism, we outline the challenges in providing media for children during such times and offer professionals guidelines for providing children with age-appropriate, context-sensitive, knowledge-enriching information, allowing them to raise their own questions and share their perspectives, and help them gain a sense of control over their lives.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"303 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44366134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic online gaming, subjective health complaints, and depression among adolescent gamers from the United States: the role of console-gaming aggression","authors":"Michelle F. Wright, Sebastian Wachs","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2036211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2036211","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between problematic online gaming and subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms, and the moderation of console-gaming aggression (i.e. verbal aggression, camping, trolling) in this relationship. Participants were 202 adolescents (86% boys; M age = 12.99 years) in the 7th or 8th grade who played first-person shooter games. They completed questionnaires on problematic online gaming, console-gaming aggression, subjective health complaints, and depressive symptoms. Six months later (Time 2), they completed questionnaires on subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms again. Findings revealed that problematic online gaming and console-gaming aggression were positive predictors of Time 2 subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms, while controlling for Time 1 levels and gender. Moderating effects were found as well, indicating that high levels of console-gaming aggression increased the positive relationship between problematic online gaming and depressive symptoms. These effects were also replicated for verbal aggression, problematic online gaming, and subjective health complaints. These findings suggest the importance of considering the implications of console-gaming aggression and problematic online gaming for the physical and mental health of adolescents. Impact Summary Prior State of Knowledge: Problematic online gaming and aggressive behaviors are linked to negative outcomes, including depression and subjective health complaints. Longitudinal research further supports this connection for depression, but not for subjective health complaints or various types of aggression via console games. Novel Contributions: Few studies have focused on various types of aggression and the longitudinal associations among problematic online gaming, depression, and subjective health complaints, while controlling for previous levels of depression and subjective health complaints. The present research addresses these gaps. Practical Implications: Findings of the present research has implications for clinicians and researchers concerned with identifying adolescents who might be at risk for negative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"451 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43315672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What do parents really know about their child’s online behaviour? Discrepancies between parents and their children in Israel","authors":"M. Kalman-Halevi, R. Tutian, Y. Peled","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2038223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2038223","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined the discrepancies between the perceptions of fathers, mothers and children’s perceptions regarding internet use mediation strategies (enabling and restrictive) and their relations with child disclosure. Fifty families participated in the study (father, mother, and child). It was found that there were discrepancies between children’s perception of their parents’ restrictive and enabling mediation strategies, and their parents’ reporting of those mediation strategies. Child disclosure of his/her browsing experiences with the mother was positively related with her use of both restrictive and enabling mediation strategies, but not with the father’s use of these strategies, nor for mother–father discrepancies. This study makes an important contribution by measuring all three members of the triad and explores the family unit and its implication on children’s disclosure. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: Most of the research on mediation strategies has focused on mothers’ behaviours, with most data gathered either by child or mother reports. This ignores the role of the father. Novel Contributions: We relied on both parents and their child to report on mediation strategies, the discrepancies between the parents and examine how those discrepancies explain the extent to which their child discloses his/her browsing experiences. Practical Implications: The ability to disclose difficulties may be a primary resource for the ability to benefit from social support at times of need. It is of great importance for the children to share their experiences with their parents.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"471 - 480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47075656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and children’s screen time in Ceará, Brazil: a repeated cross-sectional survey","authors":"Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha, L. Correia, Á. J. Leite, M. T. Tavares Machado, A. Lindsay, Sabrina Gabriele Maia Oliveira Rocha, J. S. Campos, A. C. Silva, C. Sudfeld","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.2007967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.2007967","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the present study, we assessed changes in screen time exposure among 3–6-year-old children in Ceará, Brazil, in 2017 and in 2020 during the pandemic. We analyzed data from a state-wide repeated cross-sectional survey. The COVID impact research was conducted by phone interviews. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines were used to define elevated screen exposure. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of children with screen exposure above recommended levels was 96.8% among 3–4-year-old and 84.2% among 5–6-year-old children. There was a significant increase in proportion of 3–4-year-old children with elevated screen time (risk difference 15.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.3–19.2; p-value < 0.001). Children participating in remote learning activities had significantly lower television time with a mean difference of −0.8 hours daily (95% CI −0.3 – −1.3; p-value: 0.003) as compared to children not participating in remote learning. The necessary COVID-19 response measures appear to increase screen time among 3–6-year-old children in Ceará, Brazil. Interventions to reduce excess screen time, potentially participation in remote early learning activities should be developed and evaluated in Brazil. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: The necessary COVID-19 response measures appear to increase sedentary time in children in developed countries. Novel contributions: COVID-19 response measures (social distancing and school closures) appear to increase screen time among 3–6-year-old children in Ceará, Brazil. In addition, children participating in remote learning activities had significantly lower television time than children not participating in remote learning. Practical implications: Public health officials should engage in helping support parents by creating safe areas for children to increase physical activity and reduce screen time, monitoring/setting limits on screen time that does not promote learning, and counsel and promote parents to be creative to engage children at home in active play during the COVID-19 pandemic. ABBREVIATIONS: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"415 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48006054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Princesses and paupers: a content analysis of socioeconomic status in animated Disney films","authors":"J. Shawcroft, S. Coyne, P. Brubaker, Jessica D. Zurcher","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.2015413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.2015413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines depictions of SES in Disney animated films to learn about the stereotypes of different socioeconomic status (SES) groups that these films reinforce or dispel. As Disney films are frequently watched by children, and may have important developmental implications for the internalization of stereotypes. Sixty-one animated Disney films were coded f (323 characters). Characters were coded for their SES and various roles and behaviors. Results suggest low SES characters are underrepresented compared to the US population, and that Disney’s portrayal of SES both reinforces and contradicts stereotypes. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: Socioeconomic status is a significant factor in children’s development. As Disney media is often watched by children, the stereotypes of SES in Disney films are important to understand. Novel Contributions: Overall, this research indicates that low SES characters are underrepresented compared to the general US population and are more often racial minorities than mid and high SES characters. Few other characteristics examined, however, were significantly different based on SES. Practical Implications: Parents should be aware of and discuss the racial differences in socioeconomic status in Disney films with children. Furthermore, future research should examine the effect of depictions of socioeconomic status in children’s media on children’s stereotypes.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"441 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Won’t somebody think of the parents? Reevaluating the audience for children’s educational media","authors":"J. A. Bonus, Judy Watts, Daniel Stemen","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.2022943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.2022943","url":null,"abstract":"Parents are an essential component of research conducted in the field of children, adolescents, and media (CAM). Not only do they determine whether their children will be allowed to participate in research studies, but they also frequently serve as research participants themselves. One prominent thread of CAM research has investigated how parents shape their children’s understanding of educational media. For example, Rasmussen et al. (2016) recruited parents and their 2to 6-year-old children to watch ten episodes of the socioemotional program Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood (DTN) over two weeks. They found that children who watched the program demonstrated higher empathy at the end of the study, but only when parents regularly elaborated on educational TV programs at home. In a related study, Mares, Bonus, and Peebles (2018) asked parents of 2to 10-year-old children to recall an instance where media exposure had a positive impact on their child. Most parents (70%) were able to recall an instance. However, longer-lasting effects were reported by parents who discussed the content with their children at some point after exposure (e.g. encouraged their child to put those lessons into practice). Typically, CAM scholars interpret these results to mean that children need help connecting lessons to relevant experiences in their everyday lives. Although this view is wellsupported by research, there is an alternative (albeit compatible) way of understanding these findings. Specifically, it could be that the parents in these studies learned useful instructional techniques from educational television, which they later practiced with their children. For example, Mares et al. (2018) detailed one mother who used a song from DTN to manage the frustration that her daughter felt when exiting a toy store (presumably, without purchasing any toys): “I’ll say, ‘When you get so mad that you want to roar . . .’, She [my daughter] will say, ‘ . . . Take a deep breath and count to four – one, two three, four!’” Undoubtedly, this example demonstrates how a child might practice an angermanagement strategy that she gleaned from educational television (i.e. counting to four). However, this example simultaneously demonstrates how a mother might practice an instructional technique that she gleaned from the same program (i.e. assisting her daughter with emotion regulation). Considered under this alternative lens, this example seems especially noteworthy. Indeed, it was the mother who first used the technique modeled in the program, whereas the daughter simply followed suit. In other words, the mother’s learning facilitated the daughter’s learning.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"144 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46670151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Picture Perfect During a Pandemic? Body Image Concerns and Depressive Symptoms in U.S. Adolescent Girls During the COVID-19 Lockdown.","authors":"Sophia Choukas-Bradley,&nbsp;Anne J Maheux,&nbsp;Savannah R Roberts,&nbsp;Emily A Hutchinson,&nbsp;Celine Lu,&nbsp;Cecile D Ladouceur,&nbsp;Jennifer S Silk","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2039255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2039255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stay-at-home orders of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted U.S. adolescents' lives in numerous ways during the spring of 2020, including substantial changes to in-person routines and increased reliance on digital media. For adolescent girls, stay-at-home practices may have implications for body image concerns. In this research brief, we examine adolescent girls' pandemic-related body image concerns and longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms. The sample included 93 U.S. adolescent girls (<i>M</i> _age = 15.01; 68.8% White), with approximately 2/3 at temperamental risk for depression. Participants self-reported their depressive symptoms and pandemic-related body image concerns via online surveys at three assessments: Time 1 occurred in April/May 2020, approximately one month into stay-at-home orders, followed by two-week and seven-month follow-up assessments. Two pandemic-related body image concerns were assessed: (1) concerns about disrupted appearance-management routines and (2) evaluating one's appearance on video-chat. Both forms of pandemic-related body image concerns predicted depressive symptoms two weeks later, and concerns about disrupted routines also predicted depressive symptoms seven months later. In an era of social distancing, frequent technology-based interactions, and disrupted routines, future work should continue to investigate adolescents' body image concerns and the implications for longer-term mental health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 4","pages":"481-492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793862/pdf/nihms-1780350.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10741922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“My mom just wants to know where I am”: Estonian pre-teens’ perspectives on intimate surveillance by parents","authors":"Marit Sukk, A. Siibak","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.2014646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.2014646","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Inspired by the communication privacy management theory the aim of our study was to explore pre-teens’ viewpoints and experiences related to their parents’ usage of child-tracking technologies. Relying on Q methodology and semi-structured individual interviews with 8- to 13-year-old Estonian pre-teens (n = 20) who were aware of parental tracking, we will present perspectives for understanding children’s viewpoints on intimate surveillance. Three participant perspectives emerged: Compliant Child, Autonomous Child, and Privacy-Sensitive Child. Although children in our sample viewed parents as their confidants and did not consider such tracking to breach their privacy boundaries, they expected these boundaries to be negotiated and collectively set within a family. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: Intimate surveillance of children has become a normalized part of present-day parenting practices. The use of tracking technologies can limit children’s experiences and have negative consequences for children’s privacy as well as parent-child relations. Novel Contributions: Empirical research on tracking technologies seldom focuses on the opinions and experiences of tracking technology users, nor on the views children have of these practices. The current study does both, using Q methodology as a novel means for capturing children’s subjective perspectives. Practical Implications: Our findings have implications for parents considering use of tracking technologies, encouraging a move toward a family climate more supportive of child autonomy.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"424 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45805201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thai teens’ privacy-related practices on Facebook","authors":"Pimchanok Laohabutr, Jarujan Subchartanan, Orapa Suteerojntrakool, T. Tempark, C. Bongsebandhu-phubhakdi","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.1993288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.1993288","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adolescents of today are at risk of online disclosure due to sharing personal information online without privacy settings. Facebook has the most users on social network site. This study aimed to 1)investigate the type of personal information that adolescents frequently display online 2)identify how adolescents manage their privacy settings on Facebook and 3)examine parents’ intervention on adolescents’ online lives. A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey participants aged 13to18 years old from 6 high schools across Thailand. The study recruited 1,242 adolescents (mean15.7 years,SD = 1.6). Most of adolescents allowed everyone to access their profiles. They shared information including real name (78.7%), phone number (22.7%), birthdate (82.5%), city of residence (62.2%), photo (64.5%), national ID number (2.3%), and credit card number (1%). The older group had more reputation management than the younger group. Parental control and guidance were significantly found in the older group than in the younger group. Different from studies in western countries, most Thai adolescents display their personal information on Facebook. Most adolescents reported that their parents have discussed online privacy and safety with them. However, they still choose to disclose a lot of information. Appropriate parental guidance and control might improve Thai adolescents’ privacy practices. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: Adolescents are at risk of oversharing and disclosing their personal information online. In western countries, adolescents discuss with their parents how to be safe on the internet. Approximately 60% of teen Facebook users in US keep their profiles private. Novel Contributions: The majority of Thai adolescents Facebook users shared of their profile publicly. This oversharing behavior may be resulted from cultures norms that Asian people may feel more comfortable than those in the West when mentioning private topics. Practical Implications: Appropriate parental guidance about teens’ online privacy issues should be emphasized in Thailand. Moreover, national recommendation regarding adolescents’ online safety should be considered.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"406 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing the risks: an updated content analysis of violence on U.S. children’s primetime television","authors":"Nicole Martins, Karyn Riddle","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2021.1985548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.1985548","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study provides a comprehensive update investigating the amount and nature of violence contained in primetime television programming that targets children aged 17 and younger. Using the same sampling procedures and codebook as the original National Television Violence Study, we coded 765 primetime television programs airing on 21 broadcast and cable networks during the 2016/2017 season. We then separated children’s programs from nonchildren’s programs to compare violence by amount and context. Results indicate that programs targeted to youth continue to be more violent than programs made for adults, but the percentage of such programs was slightly lower than what was reported twenty years ago. Once again, violence in children’s programs is just as likely to be glamorized as shows for adults but continues to be more sanitized and trivialized. Implications for children’s learning of aggression are discussed. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: The landmark National Television Violence Studies (NTVS) found that violence is more prevalent in programs targeted to children. NTVS also found that violence in children’s programs was more likely to be sanitized and trivialized, increasing the risk of children’s learning of aggression. Novel Contributions: The study provides an important update to the media violence literature, and demonstrates that violence in children’s primetime television has not changed in any meaningful way in the last twenty years. Practical Implications: The patterns observed here heighten the risk of viewers learning of aggression and becoming desensitized to such portrayals. Future research should consider the intentions of those in the industry to better understand why violence remains a staple of children’s programming.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"368 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47372290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}