Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2069434
Sombo Muzata
{"title":"Motivations for Entrepreneurship: New Evidence from Tertiary-level Educated Sub-Saharan African Women","authors":"Sombo Muzata","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2069434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2069434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45016992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the determinants of financial performance as perceived by Togolese female managers operating in the informal sector. The analysis is conducted using the partial least squares methodology based on data collected from 208 female-managed enterprises throughout Togo. The results indicate that business environment constraints, stereotypes toward females’ managerial abilities, female entrepreneur’s risk appetite, and being part of a network are associated positively and significantly with perceived financial performance, while difficult access to finance and cultural factors influence it negatively and significantly. Furthermore, the age of the enterprise is a significant determinant of the perceived financial performance. The positive effect of the business environment constraints is contrary to our expectations. This may be explained by the number of enterprises operating informally.
{"title":"Female Managers, Informal Enterprises, and Their Perceived Financial Performance in Togo","authors":"Akouvi Gadedjisso-Tossou, Jean-Pierre Gueyie, Mawuli Kodjovi Couchoro","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2070387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2070387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p>This paper examines the determinants of financial performance as perceived by Togolese female managers operating in the informal sector. The analysis is conducted using the partial least squares methodology based on data collected from 208 female-managed enterprises throughout Togo. The results indicate that business environment constraints, stereotypes toward females’ managerial abilities, female entrepreneur’s risk appetite, and being part of a network are associated positively and significantly with perceived financial performance, while difficult access to finance and cultural factors influence it negatively and significantly. Furthermore, the age of the enterprise is a significant determinant of the perceived financial performance. The positive effect of the business environment constraints is contrary to our expectations. This may be explained by the number of enterprises operating informally.</p>","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2064677
A. Metu, U. Nwogwugwu
{"title":"Challenging Factors Affecting Access to Finance by Female Micro Entrepreneurs in Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Metu, U. Nwogwugwu","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2064677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2064677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44085080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2031828
J. Abugre, Benedicta Minlah, David Nasere
ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of time management behaviors on work performance of humanitarian services of non-for-profit organizations (NPOs) in Ghana. Using a survey of NPOs in Ghana, different multivariate analytical techniques were employed to analyze the data. By this, we tested three symmetrical hypotheses of employees’ time behaviors leading to outcomes of employee performance in NPOs. Results indicated that short range time management behavior has a strong impact on employee work performance in NPOs. Results also indicated that long range time management behavior has a positive impact on employee work performance in NPOs. Similarly, our findings demonstrated that employee time management attitude is strongly linked to their performance in NPOs. This study concludes that time management behaviors or practices should be of great concern to organizational analysis in terms of time management and employee productivity which may go a long way to create competitive advantage for organizations.
{"title":"The Impact of Time Management Behaviors on Employee Performance in Humanitarian Service Organization: A Study of Selected NPOs in Ghana","authors":"J. Abugre, Benedicta Minlah, David Nasere","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2031828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2031828","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of time management behaviors on work performance of humanitarian services of non-for-profit organizations (NPOs) in Ghana. Using a survey of NPOs in Ghana, different multivariate analytical techniques were employed to analyze the data. By this, we tested three symmetrical hypotheses of employees’ time behaviors leading to outcomes of employee performance in NPOs. Results indicated that short range time management behavior has a strong impact on employee work performance in NPOs. Results also indicated that long range time management behavior has a positive impact on employee work performance in NPOs. Similarly, our findings demonstrated that employee time management attitude is strongly linked to their performance in NPOs. This study concludes that time management behaviors or practices should be of great concern to organizational analysis in terms of time management and employee productivity which may go a long way to create competitive advantage for organizations.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46343192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2048513
Gladys Torres-Baumgarten, T. Rakotobe-Joel
ABSTRACT Despite the crucial role that multinational enterprises (MNEs) can play in advancing sustainability, progress toward meeting the United Nations’ Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030 has been slow. MNEs are partly responsible, and even though they recognize that they are part of a larger social, economic and ecological ecosystem, and that sustainability can enhance their long-term growth and viability, they have been slow to embrace it. The sustainability and MNE literature initially focused on the sustainability priorities found in developed market multinational enterprises (or DMNEs). Increasingly, “home-grown” (or indigenous) multinationals from emerging market regions have garnered more attention but research on sustainability in the emerging market context is still lagging, despite the fact that emerging markets – and its businesses – have potentially much to gain from embracing sustainability. This paper examines the sustainability discourse in South Africa and identifies the sustainability priorities of its largest indigenous firms. The sustainability reports of South Africa’s largest public firms in 2019 were analyzed using Centering Resonance Analysis (CRA). Results indicate that South African MNEs focus on business and societal aspects of sustainability, more so than on environmental protection initiatives. This finding likely reflects: 1) South Africa’s context and its sustainability priorities, 2) a diverse sectoral sample, 3) geographic dispersion of South African MNE subsidiaries (presence in other emerging, developed or developing markets with different sustainability priorities by market profile), or 4) a combination of these factors.
{"title":"Sustainability Discourse in Emerging Market multinationals: The Case of South Africa’s Largest Firms","authors":"Gladys Torres-Baumgarten, T. Rakotobe-Joel","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2048513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2048513","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the crucial role that multinational enterprises (MNEs) can play in advancing sustainability, progress toward meeting the United Nations’ Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030 has been slow. MNEs are partly responsible, and even though they recognize that they are part of a larger social, economic and ecological ecosystem, and that sustainability can enhance their long-term growth and viability, they have been slow to embrace it. The sustainability and MNE literature initially focused on the sustainability priorities found in developed market multinational enterprises (or DMNEs). Increasingly, “home-grown” (or indigenous) multinationals from emerging market regions have garnered more attention but research on sustainability in the emerging market context is still lagging, despite the fact that emerging markets – and its businesses – have potentially much to gain from embracing sustainability. This paper examines the sustainability discourse in South Africa and identifies the sustainability priorities of its largest indigenous firms. The sustainability reports of South Africa’s largest public firms in 2019 were analyzed using Centering Resonance Analysis (CRA). Results indicate that South African MNEs focus on business and societal aspects of sustainability, more so than on environmental protection initiatives. This finding likely reflects: 1) South Africa’s context and its sustainability priorities, 2) a diverse sectoral sample, 3) geographic dispersion of South African MNE subsidiaries (presence in other emerging, developed or developing markets with different sustainability priorities by market profile), or 4) a combination of these factors.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43414732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-19DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2031726
Imen Fakhfakh, Anis Jarboui
ABSTRACT The study examines the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and audit risk in firms listed on the Tunisian Stock Exchange (TSE). The study covers the period 2006–2013. Panel regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between corporate governance variables and audit risk. The results show that board size, board independence and institutional ownership were negatively related to audit risk. It is also discovered that audit risk index level increases as poor corporate governance. These findings may have important implications for analysts, investors, regulators and academics. First, the identifying factors that may influence the audit risk can help guide the reforms to improve the functioning of the financial market. Second, the study provides ample evidence of risk governance problems in the Tunisian market, highlighting the necessity of new corporate governance requirements. This study is unique in providing Tunisian evidence on the effect of corporate governance on audit risk. This paper is also relevant as it develops an index of audit risk and risk corporate governance.
{"title":"Research on the Relationship between Audit Risk Assessment and Risk Governance: Evidence from Tunisia","authors":"Imen Fakhfakh, Anis Jarboui","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2031726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2031726","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study examines the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and audit risk in firms listed on the Tunisian Stock Exchange (TSE). The study covers the period 2006–2013. Panel regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between corporate governance variables and audit risk. The results show that board size, board independence and institutional ownership were negatively related to audit risk. It is also discovered that audit risk index level increases as poor corporate governance. These findings may have important implications for analysts, investors, regulators and academics. First, the identifying factors that may influence the audit risk can help guide the reforms to improve the functioning of the financial market. Second, the study provides ample evidence of risk governance problems in the Tunisian market, highlighting the necessity of new corporate governance requirements. This study is unique in providing Tunisian evidence on the effect of corporate governance on audit risk. This paper is also relevant as it develops an index of audit risk and risk corporate governance.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46929718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2053400
Rabia Naguib
{"title":"Motivations and Barriers to Female Entrepreneurship: Insights from Morocco","authors":"Rabia Naguib","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2053400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2053400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48614396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2042079
Joseph Dery Nyeadi
ABSTRACT The study investigates empirically the impact of foreign direct investment inflows to firms on firm value in South Africa, Nigeria and Ghana using listed firms. In order to control for any possible endogenity problems in the model, the study adopts a robust System Generalized Method of Moments to investigate the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and firm value (measured using Tobin’s Q and ROA) from the period of 2008 to 2019. From the findings, it is established that FDI has a positive significant impact on firm value in all the three countries (South Africa, Nigeria and Ghana). This positive relationship between FDI and firm value in the selected countries can be attributed to; technological transfer, managerial transfer, innovation transfer and skills transfer in favor of the host firms through inflows of FDI. This study does not only serve as a reference work for subsequent investigations into the impact of FDI on firm value in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it also serves as a guide to policy makers on the impact of FDI inflows to firm value in the region. It is one of the pioneering works that comprehensively examines the effect of FDI inflow on firm value among firms in Sub-Saharan African and also controls for endogeneity effects in the panel set.
{"title":"Foreign Direct Investment and Firm Value: Evidence from Selected Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Joseph Dery Nyeadi","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2042079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2042079","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study investigates empirically the impact of foreign direct investment inflows to firms on firm value in South Africa, Nigeria and Ghana using listed firms. In order to control for any possible endogenity problems in the model, the study adopts a robust System Generalized Method of Moments to investigate the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and firm value (measured using Tobin’s Q and ROA) from the period of 2008 to 2019. From the findings, it is established that FDI has a positive significant impact on firm value in all the three countries (South Africa, Nigeria and Ghana). This positive relationship between FDI and firm value in the selected countries can be attributed to; technological transfer, managerial transfer, innovation transfer and skills transfer in favor of the host firms through inflows of FDI. This study does not only serve as a reference work for subsequent investigations into the impact of FDI on firm value in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it also serves as a guide to policy makers on the impact of FDI inflows to firm value in the region. It is one of the pioneering works that comprehensively examines the effect of FDI inflow on firm value among firms in Sub-Saharan African and also controls for endogeneity effects in the panel set.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41390841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2038495
Mariette Strydom, Elizabeth Kempen, T. Tselepis
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to investigate the promotional activities embraced by informal clothing manufacturing micro-enterprises (CMMEs) in the informal economy of an emerging market. Informal micro-enterprises are both income and job-generating alternatives for unemployed people in South Africa’s townships. Recent research has highlighted the need to develop unique marketing strategies to address challenges in emerging markets and help CMMEs realize their true potential. A qualitative case study, which included personal interviews with 13 CMME owners and observations at a workshop with five participating CMMEs, was undertaken at a business incubation hub. The findings from this study suggested the prevalence of opportunistic self-started promotional activities and assisted promotional activities. CMMEs selectively embrace some of the methods and activities contained in the conventional, innovational and fashion entrepreneur promotional mix strategies. The opportunistic use of promotional methods resulted in the survivalist promotional mix particular to the informal CMME in an African context. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the knowledge base of marketing literature within the informal economy context, and literature about informal clothing micro businesses.
{"title":"Marketing for Survival: The Survivalist Promotional Mix of Informal Clothing Manufacturing Micro-enterprises","authors":"Mariette Strydom, Elizabeth Kempen, T. Tselepis","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2038495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2038495","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to investigate the promotional activities embraced by informal clothing manufacturing micro-enterprises (CMMEs) in the informal economy of an emerging market. Informal micro-enterprises are both income and job-generating alternatives for unemployed people in South Africa’s townships. Recent research has highlighted the need to develop unique marketing strategies to address challenges in emerging markets and help CMMEs realize their true potential. A qualitative case study, which included personal interviews with 13 CMME owners and observations at a workshop with five participating CMMEs, was undertaken at a business incubation hub. The findings from this study suggested the prevalence of opportunistic self-started promotional activities and assisted promotional activities. CMMEs selectively embrace some of the methods and activities contained in the conventional, innovational and fashion entrepreneur promotional mix strategies. The opportunistic use of promotional methods resulted in the survivalist promotional mix particular to the informal CMME in an African context. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the knowledge base of marketing literature within the informal economy context, and literature about informal clothing micro businesses.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46523153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/15228916.2022.2039862
Dalel Ayari, G. Boulila
ABSTRACT Trust among actors plays an important role in contracting decisions and cooperative membership. There is, however, a concern to understand trust development and the determinants of trust perception. In this paper, trust perception is explained by emotions and calculative self-interest along with other predictors, namely transaction costs in the value chain exchange. We assume that emotional non-calculative trust and calculative self-interest are both present in local rural economies, making this context appropriate to test our hypothesis regarding the importance of emotional links in networking and contracting along the value chain. We used a sample of breeders in a local community to construct the emotional non-calculative self-interest and the calculative self-interest components and investigated how these two indicators contribute to generate trust perception. In addition, transaction costs related to opportunism, uncertainty and, dependency have strong effect on trust perception. The results provide support that emotional non-calculative self-interest fosters trust perception; despite opportunistic behavior and distrust, breeders are able to build trusty links using close relationships. Smallholder dairy farmers could use existing social networks to control high transaction costs, to foster trust and institute sustainable contracts as a way to coordinate transactions.
{"title":"The Role of Emotion and Calculative Self-Interest in Trust Perception:Case of the Dairy Value Chain","authors":"Dalel Ayari, G. Boulila","doi":"10.1080/15228916.2022.2039862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2022.2039862","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Trust among actors plays an important role in contracting decisions and cooperative membership. There is, however, a concern to understand trust development and the determinants of trust perception. In this paper, trust perception is explained by emotions and calculative self-interest along with other predictors, namely transaction costs in the value chain exchange. We assume that emotional non-calculative trust and calculative self-interest are both present in local rural economies, making this context appropriate to test our hypothesis regarding the importance of emotional links in networking and contracting along the value chain. We used a sample of breeders in a local community to construct the emotional non-calculative self-interest and the calculative self-interest components and investigated how these two indicators contribute to generate trust perception. In addition, transaction costs related to opportunism, uncertainty and, dependency have strong effect on trust perception. The results provide support that emotional non-calculative self-interest fosters trust perception; despite opportunistic behavior and distrust, breeders are able to build trusty links using close relationships. Smallholder dairy farmers could use existing social networks to control high transaction costs, to foster trust and institute sustainable contracts as a way to coordinate transactions.","PeriodicalId":46981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45895794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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