Counselling & Psychotherapy Research最新文献_第5页

Comparison of outcomes from a university counselling service before and during COVID-19: Exploring the use of remote therapy 比较 COVID-19 前和 COVID-19 期间大学咨询服务的成果：探索远程治疗的使用

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12821

Connie Newcombe, Emma Broglia, Charlotte Wright

Background

Research pooling data from UK university counselling services (UCSs) has allowed UCSs to compare their outcomes and demonstrate their effectiveness in improving student mental health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, UCSs moved to remote delivery. Consequently, it was necessary to understand how this impacted students' outcomes.

Aims

This evaluation aimed to (1) understand how the therapeutic outcomes of a UCS compared with established norms in UK UCS literature, and (2) understand whether delivering therapy online affected student outcomes compared with UK norms from in-person therapy.

Method

Sessional outcome data from 627 students who attended the UCS in the 2020/2021 academic year were gathered. Descriptive analyses of students' initial clinical data (determined by the CCAPS-34) were conducted. Paired sample t-tests determined differences between the pre- and post-therapy scores. The effect size of this difference was derived.

Results

Students presented with high levels of academic distress, social anxiety, generalised anxiety and depression. The initial severity of mental health concerns was lower than that reported in previous literature. The largest improvements were evidenced for depression and general anxiety and 25% (n = 112) of students achieved reliable reductions in distress. Compared with existing literature, the UCS showed similar levels of improvement over therapy. It is suggested that remote therapy increased service accessibility.

Conclusion

The delivery of remote therapy produced results consistent with norms in the UK data, highlighting the effectiveness of online therapy for university students. Further large-scale evaluations of student outcomes from remotely delivered therapy are recommended.

背景研究汇集了来自英国大学咨询服务（ucs）的数据，使ucs能够比较他们的结果，并证明他们在改善学生心理健康方面的有效性。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，ucs转向远程交付。因此，有必要了解这如何影响学生的成绩。本评估旨在(1)了解UCS的治疗结果与英国UCS文献中建立的规范相比如何，以及(2)了解与英国规范的面对面治疗相比，在线提供治疗是否会影响学生的治疗结果。方法收集2020/2021学年627名UCS学生的学期结果数据。对学生的初步临床资料（由CCAPS-34确定）进行描述性分析。配对样本t检验确定治疗前和治疗后评分之间的差异。得出了这种差异的效应大小。结果学生表现出高水平的学业困扰、社交焦虑、广泛性焦虑和抑郁。心理健康问题的初始严重程度低于先前文献报道。最大的改善是在抑郁和一般焦虑方面，25% （n = 112）的学生在痛苦方面取得了可靠的减少。与现有文献相比，UCS在治疗过程中显示出相似水平的改善。提示远程治疗增加了服务可及性。远程治疗产生的结果与英国数据的规范一致，突出了在线治疗对大学生的有效性。建议对远程交付治疗的学生结果进行进一步的大规模评估。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical supervisors' expectations and experiences with a routine outcome monitoring system in a psychotherapy training service 临床督导对心理治疗培训服务中常规成果监测系统的期望和体验

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12826

Jorge Valdiviezo-Oña, Nicole Ortiz-Mancheno, Clara Paz

Introduction

Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) enables data-informed decision-making in mental health care, yet its implementation presents both benefits and challenges. To date, the literature on the perception of ROM implementation has extensively focussed on therapists and clients; hence, there is limited information available about the perceptions of supervisors in services that provide training for psychological interventions.

Methods

This qualitative study explored supervisors' expectations and experiences with a web-based ROM system in a university psychotherapy service. Through semi-structured interviews and framework analysis, two senior clinical supervisors' perspectives were examined before and after ROM implementation.

Results

Expectations highlighted the need for clinically useful information, adaptability and user-friendly interfaces. Supervisors anticipated using ROM data for case analysis, training and institutional learning. Following the implementation, supervisors recognised the system's utility in case supervision, enhancing understanding and facilitating learning processes. Perceived challenges included the potential misuse of information, client resistance and technological issues, underscoring the importance of ongoing communication and training during the implementation process. Additionally, supervisors provided some recommendations, such as enhancing system usability, providing comprehensive training, improving client engagement, refining data collection methods and conducting ongoing evaluation of the implementation process and promoting effective communication with clients.

Conclusions

These findings align with previous research, emphasising the significance of system adaptability and user-friendliness for effective ROM utilisation. Supervisors play a crucial role in fostering collaboration, providing feedback and integrating ROM into supervision. Overall, these insights contribute to refining our ROM implementation processes, as well as guiding future ROM adoption in similar centres interested in involving supervisors.

常规结果监测（ROM）使数据知情的决策在精神卫生保健，但其实施带来的好处和挑战。迄今为止，关于ROM实施感知的文献广泛集中在治疗师和客户身上；因此，关于在提供心理干预培训的服务中主管的看法的信息有限。方法采用质性研究的方法，探讨辅导员对网络ROM系统在大学心理治疗服务中的期望和经验。通过半结构化访谈和框架分析，研究了两位高级临床督导在ROM实施前后的观点。结果期望强调了对临床有用信息、适应性和用户友好界面的需求。主管期望使用ROM数据进行案例分析、培训和机构学习。在实施后，督导人员认识到该系统在个案督导方面的作用，从而加深了解和促进学习过程。感知到的挑战包括可能滥用信息、客户抵制和技术问题，强调了在执行过程中不断进行沟通和培训的重要性。此外，主管还提出了一些建议，如增强系统可用性、提供全面培训、提高客户参与度、改进数据收集方法、对实施过程进行持续评估、促进与客户的有效沟通等。这些发现与先前的研究一致，强调了系统适应性和用户友好性对有效ROM利用的重要性。主管在促进合作、提供反馈和将ROM纳入监督方面发挥着至关重要的作用。总的来说，这些见解有助于完善我们的ROM实施过程，并指导未来在有兴趣让主管参与的类似中心采用ROM。

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引用次数: 0

Discrepancies between guidelines, preferences and actual activities in psychotherapy supervision 心理治疗监督中指导、偏好与实际活动的差异

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12824

Åsa Spännargård, Simon Fagernäs, Sven Alfonsson

Background

Clinical supervision, also known as consultation, is a key component of professional growth for psychotherapists, often involving activities like case discussions or practical exercises. However, the extent to which the content of supervision follows practice guidelines and whether supervision meets the preferences of psychotherapists is largely unclear.

Aims

This study aimed to understand what psychotherapists prefer to do in clinical supervision and contrast that to what their supervision comprises. A secondary aim was to explore whether there were any differences in preferred activities between psychotherapists with different background variables, such as profession and training, and to examine associations between activities, supervision satisfaction and effectiveness.

Materials & Methods

Psychotherapists (N = 243, 84% women, mean age 46.3 years, SD = 10.6) completed an online survey regarding their supervision preferences and actual supervision activities.

Results

The psychotherapists reported that formative activities, such as concrete exercises, discussing recorded material and modelling, were significantly more preferred than they were occurring in clinical supervision. The activities of teaching, modelling and discussions on emotional reactions, which are more associated with restoration, were associated with supervision satisfaction and competence. Psychotherapists with a cognitive behavioural therapy orientation preferred more active learning activities than other psychotherapists.

Conclusions

Overall, neither the preferred nor the actual activities aligned with existing guidelines for supervision practices. Still, the therapists reported a preference for more experiential learning activities rather than more verbal activities.

背景临床督导，又称咨询，是心理治疗师专业成长的重要组成部分，通常涉及案例讨论或实践练习等活动。然而，督导内容在多大程度上遵循了实践指南，以及督导是否符合心理治疗师的偏好，这些问题在很大程度上还不清楚。研究目的本研究旨在了解心理治疗师在临床督导中的偏好，并将其与督导内容进行对比。另一个目的是探讨不同背景变量（如职业和培训）的心理治疗师在偏好的活动方面是否存在差异，并研究活动、督导满意度和有效性之间的关联。材料 & 方法心理治疗师（N = 243，84% 为女性，平均年龄 46.3 岁，SD = 10.6）完成了一项关于其督导偏好和实际督导活动的在线调查。结果心理治疗师表示，在临床督导中，他们更倾向于具体练习、讨论记录材料和建模等形成性活动。教学、建模和讨论情绪反应等活动与恢复更相关，与督导满意度和能力相关。认知行为疗法取向的心理治疗师比其他心理治疗师更喜欢积极的学习活动。结论总体而言，首选活动和实际活动都不符合现有的督导实践指南。不过，治疗师们还是表示更喜欢体验式学习活动，而不是口头活动。

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引用次数: 0

What do clients think about amplifying positivity? Client change perspectives following a cognitive and behavioural positive activity intervention for anxiety and depression 客户如何看待放大积极性？对焦虑和抑郁进行认知和行为积极活动干预后，来访者改变观点

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12822

Margaret K. Satchwell, Samantha N. Hoffman, Madeleine M. Rassaby, Thomas J. Bowers, Charles T. Taylor

Background

The positive valence system (PVS) is increasingly recognised as an important target in facilitating recovery from anxiety and depression. Amplification of positivity (AMP), a cognitive and behavioural intervention, targets the PVS through repeated and intentional activities (e.g. savouring positive experiences, gratitude and acts of kindness). Initial data demonstrate that AMP engages positive valence targets (e.g. positive affect) and outcomes (e.g. social connectedness) in people seeking treatment for anxiety or depression; however, client perspectives on AMP are not well understood. This study aimed to qualitatively explore clients' experiences to better understand post-treatment client changes and advance the development and effectiveness of AMP and other emerging positive valence-focussed interventions.

Methods

Transcripts were analysed from 11 participants who completed an optional qualitative interview after completing AMP treatment in a randomised controlled trial (NCT04945239).

Results

Two superordinate themes with several subthemes emerged. The first theme, Changes in Self, revealed common changes consistent with the core targets of AMP, as well as changes less explicitly targeted by AMP. The second theme, The Positivity Pivot, uncovered clients' perceptions on the emphasis of positive emotions in treatment. Overall, clients enjoyed and reaped benefits from amplifying positivity; some clients also reported wanting more time and space to discuss negative valence symptoms.

Conclusion

People seeking treatment for anxiety or depression are receptive to amplifying positivity and experience the mental and social benefits of doing so. Positive valence-centred treatments may therefore be valuable for some clients. Treatment protocols that integrate positive valence- and negative valence-targeted approaches may be preferred by some clients.

背景积极情绪系统（PVS）越来越被认为是促进焦虑症和抑郁症康复的重要目标。积极情绪放大法（AMP）是一种认知和行为干预方法，它通过重复和有意识的活动（如品味积极的经历、感恩和善举）来针对积极情绪系统。初步数据表明，AMP 可使焦虑症或抑郁症患者的积极情绪目标（如积极情绪）和结果（如社会联系）产生积极影响；然而，人们对 AMP 的客户观点却不甚了解。本研究旨在对客户的经历进行定性探索，以更好地了解治疗后客户的变化，并促进 AMP 及其他新兴的以积极情绪为重点的干预措施的发展和有效性。方法对随机对照试验（NCT04945239）中完成 AMP 治疗后完成选择性定性访谈的 11 名参与者的笔录进行分析。结果出现了两个上位主题和几个下位主题。第一个主题是 "自我的变化"，它揭示了与 AMP 核心目标一致的共同变化，以及 AMP 不太明确的目标变化。第二个主题 "积极支点 "揭示了客户对治疗中强调积极情绪的看法。总体而言，客户喜欢并受益于积极情绪的放大；一些客户还表示希望有更多的时间和空间来讨论消极情绪症状。结论寻求焦虑症或抑郁症治疗的人乐于放大积极情绪，并体验到这样做带来的心理和社会益处。因此，以积极情绪为中心的治疗可能对某些患者有价值。一些客户可能更喜欢将以积极情绪和消极情绪为目标的治疗方案结合在一起。

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引用次数: 0

Inpatient psychotherapy for complex personality pathology: The long-term development of symptoms, well-being and schema modes 复杂人格病理学的住院心理治疗：症状、幸福感和模式的长期发展

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12806

Roel M. Pietersen, Karin Timmerman, Gerben J. Westerhof

Problem

Inpatient psychotherapy can offer positive treatment outcomes for people with complex personality pathology who do not benefit from outpatient treatment. Little is known about how the development of schema modes during treatment relates to long-term development of symptoms, well-being and schema modes.

Method

This study employed a naturalistic, exploratory, within-subject design with long-term follow-up (LFU) measurement 2–8 years after discharge. Course and correlation of symptoms, well-being and schema modes were examined through multilevel analyses.

Results

Best scores on symptoms, well-being and schema modes were at LFU. The higher the baseline level and the greater the results achieved on schema modes during treatment, the more positive the course of symptoms and well-being becomes during treatment and in the long term.

Conclusion

This study shows that results achieved on symptoms, well-being and schema modes during inpatient psychotherapy treatment persist and even continue to improve two to eight years after treatment.

问题对于门诊治疗效果不佳的复杂人格病症患者来说，住院心理治疗可以带来积极的治疗效果。人们对治疗过程中模式的发展与症状、幸福感和模式的长期发展之间的关系知之甚少。方法本研究采用自然、探索性、受试者内部设计，在出院后 2 至 8 年进行长期随访（LFU）测量。通过多层次分析研究了症状、幸福感和模式的发展过程和相关性。结果在 LFU 时，症状、幸福感和模式的得分最高。基线水平越高，在治疗过程中取得的模式结果越大，在治疗过程中和长期来看，症状和幸福感的过程就越积极。结论本研究表明，住院心理治疗期间在症状、幸福感和图式模式方面取得的结果会持续存在，甚至在治疗两到八年后继续改善。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic alliance rupture and resolution in a brief psychiatric treatment for borderline personality disorder 边缘型人格障碍简短精神治疗中治疗联盟的破裂与解决

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12819

Isabella Nadel, Sofia Glassier, Yves de Roten, Ueli Kramer

Background

The focus of this case study was to explore the development of the therapeutic alliance in relation to alliance rupture and resolution and the effect of motive-focussed psychotherapeutic techniques on this process in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Methods

Therapeutic alliance rupture and resolution processes were analysed in relation to outcomes over the course of a 10 week, short-term generalist psychiatric treatment for BPD in two patients, hereby referred to as Clara and Rebecca. Clara received treatment in the form of good psychiatric management (GPM) with the addition of motive-oriented therapeutic relationship (MOTR) techniques. Rebecca received treatment in the form of GPM.

Results

Both patients experienced a clinically significant reduction in symptoms. Ruptures and resolution processes occurred at low frequencies in Clara's treatment, while ruptures and resolution processes were numerous in Rebecca's treatment. The focus in Clara's treatment was on rupture prevention because of the added presence of MOTR techniques, while the focus in Rebecca's treatment was on rupture identification and resolution.

Discussion

Results support the hypothesis that symptom reduction was achieved through two distinct pathways of change as a function of the treatment condition, which suggests the potential presence of multiple effective psychotherapeutic techniques for alliance development. Limitations of this study and clinical implications for the treatment of BPD in psychotherapy, with a special focus on the therapeutic alliance, are discussed.

本案例研究的重点是探讨在边缘型人格障碍（BPD）治疗中，治疗联盟的发展与联盟破裂和解决的关系，以及动机为中心的心理治疗技术在这一过程中的作用。方法对两例BPD患者（Clara和Rebecca）进行为期10周的短期全科精神治疗，分析治疗联盟破裂和消退过程与结果的关系。Clara接受了良好精神管理（GPM）形式的治疗，并加入了动机导向治疗关系（MOTR）技术。丽贝卡接受了GPM的治疗。结果两例患者均有明显的临床症状减轻。在克拉拉的治疗中，破裂和溶解过程发生的频率很低，而在丽贝卡的治疗中，破裂和溶解过程发生的频率很高。由于加入了mor技术，Clara的治疗重点是预防破裂，而Rebecca的治疗重点是破裂的识别和解决。结果支持这样的假设，即症状减轻是通过治疗条件下两种不同的改变途径实现的，这表明可能存在多种有效的心理治疗技术来促进联盟的发展。本研究的局限性和在心理治疗中治疗BPD的临床意义，特别关注治疗联盟，讨论。

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引用次数: 0

When the screen deepens the sense of connectedness: What therapists have found effective in successful cases of teletherapy 当屏幕加深了联系感：治疗师在远程治疗成功案例中发现的有效方法

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12820

Andrzej Werbart, Eric Dominicus, Luke Sheahan, Björn Philips

Objectives

The objective of this study was to explore therapists' new-found experiences of what works in successful cases of teletherapy.

Design

This was a qualitative study of therapists' experiences, making their implicit knowledge explicit and systematised.

Methods

Twelve therapists were recruited via posts on social media and via the interviewers' professional networks. The therapists were interviewed at their office or via Zoom using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The therapists described a number of interacting favourable factors, together contributing to successful remote treatments. Establishing a good therapeutic relationship and cooperation was a general success factor common to in-person and remote treatments. Specific factors included well-functioning communication technology, co-creating a sense of co-presence, safeguarding therapeutic boundaries adjusted to the remote setting, finding ways of compensating for the loss of several cues available in an in-person setting and the patient being motivated for a remote therapeutic endeavour.

Conclusions

In the successful cases, therapists in this study seem to have developed specific skills to counteract the inherent challenges and to benefit from the advantages specific to the remote setting. In the post-pandemic era, when hybrid and remote therapeutic modalities become increasingly common, these specific skills and mechanisms have to be included in psychotherapy training programmes, supervision and continuing education.

目的本研究的目的是探讨治疗师在远程治疗成功案例中的新发现经验。这是一项对治疗师经验的定性研究，使他们的隐性知识显化和系统化。方法通过社交媒体帖子和访谈者职业网络招募12名心理治疗师。治疗师在他们的办公室或通过Zoom使用半结构化访谈指南接受采访。访谈采用归纳性、反身性主题分析进行分析。结果治疗师描述了一些相互作用的有利因素，共同促成了成功的远程治疗。建立良好的治疗关系和合作是现场治疗和远程治疗的共同成功因素。具体因素包括功能良好的通信技术，共同创造一种共同存在的感觉，维护适应远程环境的治疗边界，寻找补偿在面对面环境中可用的几种线索的损失的方法，以及激励患者进行远程治疗努力。在成功的案例中，本研究中的治疗师似乎已经发展了特定的技能来抵消固有的挑战，并从远程设置的特定优势中受益。在大流行病后时代，当混合和远程治疗方式日益普遍时，必须将这些具体技能和机制纳入心理治疗培训方案、监督和继续教育。

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引用次数: 0

Clinically representative treatment for generalised anxiety disorder 具有临床代表性的广泛性焦虑症治疗方法

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12818

Eivind Kjølsrød, Malin Westgaard, Martin Brattmyr, Jakob Lundqvist, Martin Schevik Lindberg, Odin Hjemdal, Audun Havnen, Stian Solem

Introduction

Manual-based treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy and metacognitive therapy, are effective for patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), but no studies have examined non-manualised clinically representative treatment for GAD.

Methods

The sample consisted of 103 patients with GAD who completed non-manualised eclectic outpatient treatment at a local psychiatric outpatient clinic from 2020 to 2023. Questionnaires before and after treatment measured GAD symptoms, depressive symptoms, functioning, health and treatment satisfaction.

Results

There were significant improvements with large effect sizes (Cohen's d using pooled standard deviations) for GAD symptoms (d = 1.30, p < .001), depressive symptoms (d = 1.22, p < .001) and functioning (d = 0.87, p < .001). There was a medium improvement in health (d = −0.66, p < .001). Regarding GAD symptoms, half of the sample achieved clinically significant change (scoring below cut-off at post-treatment and achieving reliable improvement), and 69% showed reliable improvement (statistically significant change). Most patients (72%–84%) were satisfied with their treatment.

Conclusion

Clinically representative treatment is associated with improvement in GAD, but the effect sizes were smaller than in manual-based treatments. Research using randomised controlled trial designs comparing manual-based treatment to clinically representative treatment is needed to establish relative efficacy and for refining treatment guidelines in Norway.

导言：认知行为疗法和元认知疗法等以手册为基础的治疗方法对广泛性焦虑症（GAD）患者很有效，但还没有研究对GAD的非手册化临床代表性治疗方法进行研究。方法样本包括 103 名 GAD 患者，他们于 2020 年至 2023 年期间在当地一家精神科门诊完成了非操作化折衷门诊治疗。治疗前后的问卷调查测量了 GAD 症状、抑郁症状、功能、健康和治疗满意度。结果 GAD 症状（d = 1.30，p < .001）、抑郁症状（d = 1.22，p < .001）和功能（d = 0.87，p < .001）均有明显改善，且效应大小较大（科恩氏 d 采用汇总标准差）。健康状况的改善程度为中等（d = -0.66，p <.001）。在 GAD 症状方面，半数样本取得了有临床意义的改变（治疗后得分低于临界值，并取得了可靠的改善），69% 的样本取得了可靠的改善（有统计学意义的改变）。大多数患者（72%-84%）对治疗表示满意。结论具有临床代表性的治疗与 GAD 的改善相关，但其效应大小小于人工治疗。有必要采用随机对照试验设计对人工疗法和临床代表性疗法进行比较研究，以确定相对疗效，并完善挪威的治疗指南。

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引用次数: 0

A comparison of the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and Beck cognitive therapy on the depression and anxiety of patients recovering from COVID-19: A pilot study 正念认知疗法与贝克认知疗法对 COVID-19 康复患者抑郁和焦虑的疗效比较：试点研究

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12811

Maryam Khajehnezhad, Sahar Khanjani Veshki

Background

Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychological symptoms among COVID-19 survivors. This study compared the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and Beck cognitive therapy (BCT) in addressing these issues.

Methods

Forty-five COVID-19 survivors were randomly assigned to one of three groups: MBCT, BCT or a control. Pre- and postintervention assessments, using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), were conducted. Both interventions consisted of eight 90-minute sessions.

Results

An ANCOVA analysis revealed that BCT was more effective than MBCT in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Both interventions led to significant improvements, but no significant differences were observed between post-test and follow-up.

Conclusion

BCT is a promising intervention for depression and anxiety in COVID-19 survivors. Facilities providing cognitive therapy should be integrated into healthcare settings to support mental health recovery.

背景抑郁和焦虑是 COVID-19 幸存者普遍存在的心理症状。本研究比较了正念认知疗法（MBCT）和贝克认知疗法（BCT）在解决这些问题方面的疗效。方法 45 名 COVID-19 幸存者被随机分配到三组中的一组：MBCT、BCT 或对照组。采用贝克焦虑量表（BAI）和贝克抑郁量表（BDI）进行干预前和干预后评估。两种干预方法都包括八个 90 分钟的疗程。结果方差分析显示，在减少抑郁和焦虑症状方面，BCT 比 MBCT 更有效。两种干预方法都有明显改善，但在测试后和随访期间没有观察到明显差异。结论 BCT 是一种治疗 COVID-19 幸存者抑郁和焦虑的有效干预方法。应将提供认知疗法的机构纳入医疗机构，以支持心理健康的恢复。

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引用次数: 0

‘Yoga is a way of life’ exploring experiences of yoga as a treatment for substance use: An interpretative phenomenological analysis 瑜伽是一种生活方式"，探索将瑜伽作为药物使用治疗方法的经验：解释现象学分析

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12817

Nicole M. Miller

Introduction

Yoga is a form of complementary medicine for substance use disorder (SUD). Randomised controlled trials involving yoga for the treatment of SUD have found that yoga practice reduces the risk of relapse and improves mood and well-being for people undergoing treatment for SUD; however, the lived experience of yoga practice involving the benefits of reducing SUD is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the in-depth experience of yoga to inform the treatment of SUD.

Methods

Five semi-structured interviews explored experiences of yoga among people with a prior history of substance use. Four out of the five participants reported prior use of alcohol, and one reported the use of ‘GBL’ and methamphetamine. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results

The analysis resulted in three final Superordinate themes: (1) growing awareness of the body, mind and emotions; (2) yoga opens a positive way of life; and (3) blending the worlds of yoga and 12-step recovery. Yoga was reported to enhance awareness of muscle tension, reduce physical stress, increase positive emotions and build tolerance to negative emotions. The integration of the eight-limb philosophy of yoga, notably withdrawing of the senses, helped combat internal cues and triggers (negative thoughts and emotions) for relapse. Yoga was reported to be compatible with an abstinence-based lifestyle found in 12-step mutual aid programmes and helped extend social networks to support long-term abstinence.

Conclusions

The experience of integrating the eight-limb philosophy to support abstinence and the asana practice helped participants to reduce cue reactivity. Yoga appeared to enhance interoceptive awareness, which is useful for reducing physical stress related to triggers for relapse, making yogic practice a valuable tool to integrate within mainstream group and individual relapse prevention programmes. Therefore, programmes and health policymakers may want to consider treatments that integrate yogic practices to enhance and support long-term abstinence for SUD.

导言：瑜伽是一种治疗药物使用障碍（SUD）的辅助药物。有关瑜伽治疗药物滥用性精神障碍的随机对照试验发现，练习瑜伽可降低复发风险，并改善接受药物滥用性精神障碍治疗者的情绪和身心健康；然而，人们对练习瑜伽对减少药物滥用性精神障碍的益处还一无所知。本研究旨在探讨瑜伽的深度体验，为治疗 SUD 提供参考。方法通过五次半结构式访谈，探究曾有药物使用史的人练习瑜伽的经历。五名参与者中有四人曾酗酒，一人曾使用过 "GBL "和甲基苯丙胺。采用解释现象学分析法对数据进行了分析。结果分析得出了三个最终的超级主题：(1) 对身体、心灵和情感的认识不断提高；(2) 瑜伽开启了一种积极的生活方式；(3) 瑜伽世界与 12 步康复法相融合。据报告，瑜伽能增强对肌肉紧张的认识、减轻身体压力、增加积极情绪和建立对消极情绪的耐受力。瑜伽八肢哲学的融合，尤其是感官的抽离，有助于消除导致复吸的内部线索和诱因（消极思想和情绪）。据报告，瑜伽与 12 步互助计划中以戒断为基础的生活方式相一致，并有助于扩展社会网络，支持长期戒断。结论将支持戒欲的八肢哲学与体式练习相结合的经验有助于参与者降低线索反应性。瑜伽似乎增强了感知间意识，这有助于减轻与复吸诱因有关的身体压力，使瑜伽练习成为一种宝贵的工具，可纳入主流的团体和个人复吸预防计划中。因此，计划和健康政策制定者可能会考虑采用结合瑜伽练习的治疗方法，以加强和支持长期戒断药物滥用。

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