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Discrepancies between guidelines, preferences and actual activities in psychotherapy supervision 心理治疗监督中指导、偏好与实际活动的差异
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12824
Åsa Spännargård, Simon Fagernäs, Sven Alfonsson

Background

Clinical supervision, also known as consultation, is a key component of professional growth for psychotherapists, often involving activities like case discussions or practical exercises. However, the extent to which the content of supervision follows practice guidelines and whether supervision meets the preferences of psychotherapists is largely unclear.

Aims

This study aimed to understand what psychotherapists prefer to do in clinical supervision and contrast that to what their supervision comprises. A secondary aim was to explore whether there were any differences in preferred activities between psychotherapists with different background variables, such as profession and training, and to examine associations between activities, supervision satisfaction and effectiveness.

Materials & Methods

Psychotherapists (N = 243, 84% women, mean age 46.3 years, SD = 10.6) completed an online survey regarding their supervision preferences and actual supervision activities.

Results

The psychotherapists reported that formative activities, such as concrete exercises, discussing recorded material and modelling, were significantly more preferred than they were occurring in clinical supervision. The activities of teaching, modelling and discussions on emotional reactions, which are more associated with restoration, were associated with supervision satisfaction and competence. Psychotherapists with a cognitive behavioural therapy orientation preferred more active learning activities than other psychotherapists.

Conclusions

Overall, neither the preferred nor the actual activities aligned with existing guidelines for supervision practices. Still, the therapists reported a preference for more experiential learning activities rather than more verbal activities.

背景 临床督导,又称咨询,是心理治疗师专业成长的重要组成部分,通常涉及案例讨论或实践练习等活动。然而,督导内容在多大程度上遵循了实践指南,以及督导是否符合心理治疗师的偏好,这些问题在很大程度上还不清楚。 研究目的 本研究旨在了解心理治疗师在临床督导中的偏好,并将其与督导内容进行对比。另一个目的是探讨不同背景变量(如职业和培训)的心理治疗师在偏好的活动方面是否存在差异,并研究活动、督导满意度和有效性之间的关联。 材料 & 方法 心理治疗师(N = 243,84% 为女性,平均年龄 46.3 岁,SD = 10.6)完成了一项关于其督导偏好和实际督导活动的在线调查。 结果 心理治疗师表示,在临床督导中,他们更倾向于具体练习、讨论记录材料和建模等形成性活动。教学、建模和讨论情绪反应等活动与恢复更相关,与督导满意度和能力相关。认知行为疗法取向的心理治疗师比其他心理治疗师更喜欢积极的学习活动。 结论 总体而言,首选活动和实际活动都不符合现有的督导实践指南。不过,治疗师们还是表示更喜欢体验式学习活动,而不是口头活动。
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引用次数: 0
What do clients think about amplifying positivity? Client change perspectives following a cognitive and behavioural positive activity intervention for anxiety and depression 客户如何看待放大积极性?对焦虑和抑郁进行认知和行为积极活动干预后,来访者改变观点
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12822
Margaret K. Satchwell, Samantha N. Hoffman, Madeleine M. Rassaby, Thomas J. Bowers, Charles T. Taylor

Background

The positive valence system (PVS) is increasingly recognised as an important target in facilitating recovery from anxiety and depression. Amplification of positivity (AMP), a cognitive and behavioural intervention, targets the PVS through repeated and intentional activities (e.g. savouring positive experiences, gratitude and acts of kindness). Initial data demonstrate that AMP engages positive valence targets (e.g. positive affect) and outcomes (e.g. social connectedness) in people seeking treatment for anxiety or depression; however, client perspectives on AMP are not well understood. This study aimed to qualitatively explore clients' experiences to better understand post-treatment client changes and advance the development and effectiveness of AMP and other emerging positive valence-focussed interventions.

Methods

Transcripts were analysed from 11 participants who completed an optional qualitative interview after completing AMP treatment in a randomised controlled trial (NCT04945239).

Results

Two superordinate themes with several subthemes emerged. The first theme, Changes in Self, revealed common changes consistent with the core targets of AMP, as well as changes less explicitly targeted by AMP. The second theme, The Positivity Pivot, uncovered clients' perceptions on the emphasis of positive emotions in treatment. Overall, clients enjoyed and reaped benefits from amplifying positivity; some clients also reported wanting more time and space to discuss negative valence symptoms.

Conclusion

People seeking treatment for anxiety or depression are receptive to amplifying positivity and experience the mental and social benefits of doing so. Positive valence-centred treatments may therefore be valuable for some clients. Treatment protocols that integrate positive valence- and negative valence-targeted approaches may be preferred by some clients.

背景 积极情绪系统(PVS)越来越被认为是促进焦虑症和抑郁症康复的重要目标。积极情绪放大法(AMP)是一种认知和行为干预方法,它通过重复和有意识的活动(如品味积极的经历、感恩和善举)来针对积极情绪系统。初步数据表明,AMP 可使焦虑症或抑郁症患者的积极情绪目标(如积极情绪)和结果(如社会联系)产生积极影响;然而,人们对 AMP 的客户观点却不甚了解。本研究旨在对客户的经历进行定性探索,以更好地了解治疗后客户的变化,并促进 AMP 及其他新兴的以积极情绪为重点的干预措施的发展和有效性。 方法 对随机对照试验(NCT04945239)中完成 AMP 治疗后完成选择性定性访谈的 11 名参与者的笔录进行分析。 结果 出现了两个上位主题和几个下位主题。第一个主题是 "自我的变化",它揭示了与 AMP 核心目标一致的共同变化,以及 AMP 不太明确的目标变化。第二个主题 "积极支点 "揭示了客户对治疗中强调积极情绪的看法。总体而言,客户喜欢并受益于积极情绪的放大;一些客户还表示希望有更多的时间和空间来讨论消极情绪症状。 结论 寻求焦虑症或抑郁症治疗的人乐于放大积极情绪,并体验到这样做带来的心理和社会益处。因此,以积极情绪为中心的治疗可能对某些患者有价值。一些客户可能更喜欢将以积极情绪和消极情绪为目标的治疗方案结合在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Inpatient psychotherapy for complex personality pathology: The long-term development of symptoms, well-being and schema modes 复杂人格病理学的住院心理治疗:症状、幸福感和模式的长期发展
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12806
Roel M. Pietersen, Karin Timmerman, Gerben J. Westerhof

Problem

Inpatient psychotherapy can offer positive treatment outcomes for people with complex personality pathology who do not benefit from outpatient treatment. Little is known about how the development of schema modes during treatment relates to long-term development of symptoms, well-being and schema modes.

Method

This study employed a naturalistic, exploratory, within-subject design with long-term follow-up (LFU) measurement 2–8 years after discharge. Course and correlation of symptoms, well-being and schema modes were examined through multilevel analyses.

Results

Best scores on symptoms, well-being and schema modes were at LFU. The higher the baseline level and the greater the results achieved on schema modes during treatment, the more positive the course of symptoms and well-being becomes during treatment and in the long term.

Conclusion

This study shows that results achieved on symptoms, well-being and schema modes during inpatient psychotherapy treatment persist and even continue to improve two to eight years after treatment.

问题 对于门诊治疗效果不佳的复杂人格病症患者来说,住院心理治疗可以带来积极的治疗效果。人们对治疗过程中模式的发展与症状、幸福感和模式的长期发展之间的关系知之甚少。 方法 本研究采用自然、探索性、受试者内部设计,在出院后 2 至 8 年进行长期随访(LFU)测量。通过多层次分析研究了症状、幸福感和模式的发展过程和相关性。 结果 在 LFU 时,症状、幸福感和模式的得分最高。基线水平越高,在治疗过程中取得的模式结果越大,在治疗过程中和长期来看,症状和幸福感的过程就越积极。 结论 本研究表明,住院心理治疗期间在症状、幸福感和图式模式方面取得的结果会持续存在,甚至在治疗两到八年后继续改善。
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引用次数: 0
Therapeutic alliance rupture and resolution in a brief psychiatric treatment for borderline personality disorder 边缘型人格障碍简短精神治疗中治疗联盟的破裂与解决
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12819
Isabella Nadel, Sofia Glassier, Yves de Roten, Ueli Kramer

Background

The focus of this case study was to explore the development of the therapeutic alliance in relation to alliance rupture and resolution and the effect of motive-focussed psychotherapeutic techniques on this process in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Methods

Therapeutic alliance rupture and resolution processes were analysed in relation to outcomes over the course of a 10 week, short-term generalist psychiatric treatment for BPD in two patients, hereby referred to as Clara and Rebecca. Clara received treatment in the form of good psychiatric management (GPM) with the addition of motive-oriented therapeutic relationship (MOTR) techniques. Rebecca received treatment in the form of GPM.

Results

Both patients experienced a clinically significant reduction in symptoms. Ruptures and resolution processes occurred at low frequencies in Clara's treatment, while ruptures and resolution processes were numerous in Rebecca's treatment. The focus in Clara's treatment was on rupture prevention because of the added presence of MOTR techniques, while the focus in Rebecca's treatment was on rupture identification and resolution.

Discussion

Results support the hypothesis that symptom reduction was achieved through two distinct pathways of change as a function of the treatment condition, which suggests the potential presence of multiple effective psychotherapeutic techniques for alliance development. Limitations of this study and clinical implications for the treatment of BPD in psychotherapy, with a special focus on the therapeutic alliance, are discussed.

本案例研究的重点是探讨在边缘型人格障碍(BPD)治疗中,治疗联盟的发展与联盟破裂和解决的关系,以及动机为中心的心理治疗技术在这一过程中的作用。方法对两例BPD患者(Clara和Rebecca)进行为期10周的短期全科精神治疗,分析治疗联盟破裂和消退过程与结果的关系。Clara接受了良好精神管理(GPM)形式的治疗,并加入了动机导向治疗关系(MOTR)技术。丽贝卡接受了GPM的治疗。结果两例患者均有明显的临床症状减轻。在克拉拉的治疗中,破裂和溶解过程发生的频率很低,而在丽贝卡的治疗中,破裂和溶解过程发生的频率很高。由于加入了mor技术,Clara的治疗重点是预防破裂,而Rebecca的治疗重点是破裂的识别和解决。结果支持这样的假设,即症状减轻是通过治疗条件下两种不同的改变途径实现的,这表明可能存在多种有效的心理治疗技术来促进联盟的发展。本研究的局限性和在心理治疗中治疗BPD的临床意义,特别关注治疗联盟,讨论。
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引用次数: 0
When the screen deepens the sense of connectedness: What therapists have found effective in successful cases of teletherapy 当屏幕加深了联系感:治疗师在远程治疗成功案例中发现的有效方法
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12820
Andrzej Werbart, Eric Dominicus, Luke Sheahan, Björn Philips

Objectives

The objective of this study was to explore therapists' new-found experiences of what works in successful cases of teletherapy.

Design

This was a qualitative study of therapists' experiences, making their implicit knowledge explicit and systematised.

Methods

Twelve therapists were recruited via posts on social media and via the interviewers' professional networks. The therapists were interviewed at their office or via Zoom using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The therapists described a number of interacting favourable factors, together contributing to successful remote treatments. Establishing a good therapeutic relationship and cooperation was a general success factor common to in-person and remote treatments. Specific factors included well-functioning communication technology, co-creating a sense of co-presence, safeguarding therapeutic boundaries adjusted to the remote setting, finding ways of compensating for the loss of several cues available in an in-person setting and the patient being motivated for a remote therapeutic endeavour.

Conclusions

In the successful cases, therapists in this study seem to have developed specific skills to counteract the inherent challenges and to benefit from the advantages specific to the remote setting. In the post-pandemic era, when hybrid and remote therapeutic modalities become increasingly common, these specific skills and mechanisms have to be included in psychotherapy training programmes, supervision and continuing education.

目的本研究的目的是探讨治疗师在远程治疗成功案例中的新发现经验。这是一项对治疗师经验的定性研究,使他们的隐性知识显化和系统化。方法通过社交媒体帖子和访谈者职业网络招募12名心理治疗师。治疗师在他们的办公室或通过Zoom使用半结构化访谈指南接受采访。访谈采用归纳性、反身性主题分析进行分析。结果治疗师描述了一些相互作用的有利因素,共同促成了成功的远程治疗。建立良好的治疗关系和合作是现场治疗和远程治疗的共同成功因素。具体因素包括功能良好的通信技术,共同创造一种共同存在的感觉,维护适应远程环境的治疗边界,寻找补偿在面对面环境中可用的几种线索的损失的方法,以及激励患者进行远程治疗努力。在成功的案例中,本研究中的治疗师似乎已经发展了特定的技能来抵消固有的挑战,并从远程设置的特定优势中受益。在大流行病后时代,当混合和远程治疗方式日益普遍时,必须将这些具体技能和机制纳入心理治疗培训方案、监督和继续教育。
{"title":"When the screen deepens the sense of connectedness: What therapists have found effective in successful cases of teletherapy","authors":"Andrzej Werbart,&nbsp;Eric Dominicus,&nbsp;Luke Sheahan,&nbsp;Björn Philips","doi":"10.1002/capr.12820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12820","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to explore therapists' new-found experiences of what works in successful cases of teletherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a qualitative study of therapists' experiences, making their implicit knowledge explicit and systematised.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve therapists were recruited via posts on social media and via the interviewers' professional networks. The therapists were interviewed at their office or via Zoom using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The therapists described a number of interacting favourable factors, together contributing to successful remote treatments. Establishing a good therapeutic relationship and cooperation was a general success factor common to in-person and remote treatments. Specific factors included well-functioning communication technology, co-creating a sense of co-presence, safeguarding therapeutic boundaries adjusted to the remote setting, finding ways of compensating for the loss of several cues available in an in-person setting and the patient being motivated for a remote therapeutic endeavour.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the successful cases, therapists in this study seem to have developed specific skills to counteract the inherent challenges and to benefit from the advantages specific to the remote setting. In the post-pandemic era, when hybrid and remote therapeutic modalities become increasingly common, these specific skills and mechanisms have to be included in psychotherapy training programmes, supervision and continuing education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinically representative treatment for generalised anxiety disorder 具有临床代表性的广泛性焦虑症治疗方法
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12818
Eivind Kjølsrød, Malin Westgaard, Martin Brattmyr, Jakob Lundqvist, Martin Schevik Lindberg, Odin Hjemdal, Audun Havnen, Stian Solem

Introduction

Manual-based treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy and metacognitive therapy, are effective for patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), but no studies have examined non-manualised clinically representative treatment for GAD.

Methods

The sample consisted of 103 patients with GAD who completed non-manualised eclectic outpatient treatment at a local psychiatric outpatient clinic from 2020 to 2023. Questionnaires before and after treatment measured GAD symptoms, depressive symptoms, functioning, health and treatment satisfaction.

Results

There were significant improvements with large effect sizes (Cohen's d using pooled standard deviations) for GAD symptoms (d = 1.30, p < .001), depressive symptoms (d = 1.22, p < .001) and functioning (d = 0.87, p < .001). There was a medium improvement in health (d = −0.66, p < .001). Regarding GAD symptoms, half of the sample achieved clinically significant change (scoring below cut-off at post-treatment and achieving reliable improvement), and 69% showed reliable improvement (statistically significant change). Most patients (72%–84%) were satisfied with their treatment.

Conclusion

Clinically representative treatment is associated with improvement in GAD, but the effect sizes were smaller than in manual-based treatments. Research using randomised controlled trial designs comparing manual-based treatment to clinically representative treatment is needed to establish relative efficacy and for refining treatment guidelines in Norway.

导言:认知行为疗法和元认知疗法等以手册为基础的治疗方法对广泛性焦虑症(GAD)患者很有效,但还没有研究对GAD的非手册化临床代表性治疗方法进行研究。 方法 样本包括 103 名 GAD 患者,他们于 2020 年至 2023 年期间在当地一家精神科门诊完成了非操作化折衷门诊治疗。治疗前后的问卷调查测量了 GAD 症状、抑郁症状、功能、健康和治疗满意度。 结果 GAD 症状(d = 1.30,p < .001)、抑郁症状(d = 1.22,p < .001)和功能(d = 0.87,p < .001)均有明显改善,且效应大小较大(科恩氏 d 采用汇总标准差)。健康状况的改善程度为中等(d = -0.66,p <.001)。在 GAD 症状方面,半数样本取得了有临床意义的改变(治疗后得分低于临界值,并取得了可靠的改善),69% 的样本取得了可靠的改善(有统计学意义的改变)。大多数患者(72%-84%)对治疗表示满意。 结论 具有临床代表性的治疗与 GAD 的改善相关,但其效应大小小于人工治疗。有必要采用随机对照试验设计对人工疗法和临床代表性疗法进行比较研究,以确定相对疗效,并完善挪威的治疗指南。
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引用次数: 0
A comparison of the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and Beck cognitive therapy on the depression and anxiety of patients recovering from COVID-19: A pilot study 正念认知疗法与贝克认知疗法对 COVID-19 康复患者抑郁和焦虑的疗效比较:试点研究
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12811
Maryam Khajehnezhad, Sahar Khanjani Veshki

Background

Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychological symptoms among COVID-19 survivors. This study compared the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and Beck cognitive therapy (BCT) in addressing these issues.

Methods

Forty-five COVID-19 survivors were randomly assigned to one of three groups: MBCT, BCT or a control. Pre- and postintervention assessments, using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), were conducted. Both interventions consisted of eight 90-minute sessions.

Results

An ANCOVA analysis revealed that BCT was more effective than MBCT in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Both interventions led to significant improvements, but no significant differences were observed between post-test and follow-up.

Conclusion

BCT is a promising intervention for depression and anxiety in COVID-19 survivors. Facilities providing cognitive therapy should be integrated into healthcare settings to support mental health recovery.

背景抑郁和焦虑是 COVID-19 幸存者普遍存在的心理症状。本研究比较了正念认知疗法(MBCT)和贝克认知疗法(BCT)在解决这些问题方面的疗效。 方法 45 名 COVID-19 幸存者被随机分配到三组中的一组:MBCT、BCT 或对照组。采用贝克焦虑量表(BAI)和贝克抑郁量表(BDI)进行干预前和干预后评估。两种干预方法都包括八个 90 分钟的疗程。 结果 方差分析显示,在减少抑郁和焦虑症状方面,BCT 比 MBCT 更有效。两种干预方法都有明显改善,但在测试后和随访期间没有观察到明显差异。 结论 BCT 是一种治疗 COVID-19 幸存者抑郁和焦虑的有效干预方法。应将提供认知疗法的机构纳入医疗机构,以支持心理健康的恢复。
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引用次数: 0
‘Yoga is a way of life’ exploring experiences of yoga as a treatment for substance use: An interpretative phenomenological analysis 瑜伽是一种生活方式",探索将瑜伽作为药物使用治疗方法的经验:解释现象学分析
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12817
Nicole M. Miller

Introduction

Yoga is a form of complementary medicine for substance use disorder (SUD). Randomised controlled trials involving yoga for the treatment of SUD have found that yoga practice reduces the risk of relapse and improves mood and well-being for people undergoing treatment for SUD; however, the lived experience of yoga practice involving the benefits of reducing SUD is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the in-depth experience of yoga to inform the treatment of SUD.

Methods

Five semi-structured interviews explored experiences of yoga among people with a prior history of substance use. Four out of the five participants reported prior use of alcohol, and one reported the use of ‘GBL’ and methamphetamine. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results

The analysis resulted in three final Superordinate themes: (1) growing awareness of the body, mind and emotions; (2) yoga opens a positive way of life; and (3) blending the worlds of yoga and 12-step recovery. Yoga was reported to enhance awareness of muscle tension, reduce physical stress, increase positive emotions and build tolerance to negative emotions. The integration of the eight-limb philosophy of yoga, notably withdrawing of the senses, helped combat internal cues and triggers (negative thoughts and emotions) for relapse. Yoga was reported to be compatible with an abstinence-based lifestyle found in 12-step mutual aid programmes and helped extend social networks to support long-term abstinence.

Conclusions

The experience of integrating the eight-limb philosophy to support abstinence and the asana practice helped participants to reduce cue reactivity. Yoga appeared to enhance interoceptive awareness, which is useful for reducing physical stress related to triggers for relapse, making yogic practice a valuable tool to integrate within mainstream group and individual relapse prevention programmes. Therefore, programmes and health policymakers may want to consider treatments that integrate yogic practices to enhance and support long-term abstinence for SUD.

导言:瑜伽是一种治疗药物使用障碍(SUD)的辅助药物。有关瑜伽治疗药物滥用性精神障碍的随机对照试验发现,练习瑜伽可降低复发风险,并改善接受药物滥用性精神障碍治疗者的情绪和身心健康;然而,人们对练习瑜伽对减少药物滥用性精神障碍的益处还一无所知。本研究旨在探讨瑜伽的深度体验,为治疗 SUD 提供参考。 方法 通过五次半结构式访谈,探究曾有药物使用史的人练习瑜伽的经历。五名参与者中有四人曾酗酒,一人曾使用过 "GBL "和甲基苯丙胺。采用解释现象学分析法对数据进行了分析。 结果 分析得出了三个最终的超级主题:(1) 对身体、心灵和情感的认识不断提高;(2) 瑜伽开启了一种积极的生活方式;(3) 瑜伽世界与 12 步康复法相融合。据报告,瑜伽能增强对肌肉紧张的认识、减轻身体压力、增加积极情绪和建立对消极情绪的耐受力。瑜伽八肢哲学的融合,尤其是感官的抽离,有助于消除导致复吸的内部线索和诱因(消极思想和情绪)。据报告,瑜伽与 12 步互助计划中以戒断为基础的生活方式相一致,并有助于扩展社会网络,支持长期戒断。 结论 将支持戒欲的八肢哲学与体式练习相结合的经验有助于参与者降低线索反应性。瑜伽似乎增强了感知间意识,这有助于减轻与复吸诱因有关的身体压力,使瑜伽练习成为一种宝贵的工具,可纳入主流的团体和个人复吸预防计划中。因此,计划和健康政策制定者可能会考虑采用结合瑜伽练习的治疗方法,以加强和支持长期戒断药物滥用。
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引用次数: 0
Therapy and counselling experiences of queer adults in Germany 德国成人同性恋者的治疗和咨询经验
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12814
Sonja Bröning, Agostino Mazziotta

Background

Mental health professionals play a crucial role in either alleviating or exacerbating stress among queer clients.

Aims

Drawing on minority stress theory, we conducted a study to examine the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or consensually non-monogamous clients with current or recent psychotherapy or counselling experiences in Germany.

Method

A convenience sample of 492 queer individuals participated in an online survey, providing insights into their most recent experiences with psychotherapy or counselling and evaluating the success of these processes. Among the participants, 92% identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or another non-heterosexual identity, while 8% identified as heterosexual. Additionally, 54% reported being in consensually non-monogamous relationships, and 23% identified as gender-diverse.

Results

The majority (92%) had prior experience with psychotherapy, with over half reporting their last session within the last month. The remaining 8% reported counselling experience. Most participants rated their recent psychotherapy or counselling process as successful. Exemplary practices were more common than inappropriate ones. While overt discrimination by mental health professionals was rare, subtle inappropriate behaviours were still prevalent. Affirmative and actively reassuring practices were strongly linked to subjective therapy success.

Conclusion

The study's findings warrant cautious optimism regarding a non-discriminative stance in German mental health professionals while highlighting the need for further research, training and guidelines for therapists and counsellors.

背景 心理健康专业人员在减轻或加重同性恋客户的压力方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 研究目的 根据少数群体压力理论,我们开展了一项研究,探讨德国女同性恋者、男同性恋者、双性恋者和/或双方同意的非一夫一妻制客户目前或最近的心理治疗或咨询经历。 方法 492 名同性恋者参与了在线调查,了解他们最近的心理治疗或咨询经历,并对这些过程的成功与否进行评估。在参与者中,92%的人认为自己是女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋或其他非异性恋身份,8%的人认为自己是异性恋。此外,54%的人称自己处于自愿的非一夫一妻制关系中,23%的人称自己性别多样。 结果 大多数人(92%)曾接受过心理治疗,其中一半以上的人表示他们上一次接受心理治疗是在上个月。其余 8%的人表示有过咨询经验。大多数参与者认为他们最近的心理治疗或咨询过程是成功的。模范做法比不当做法更常见。虽然心理健康专业人员公开的歧视行为很少见,但微妙的不当行为仍然普遍存在。肯定和积极安抚的做法与主观治疗的成功密切相关。 结论 这项研究的结果值得我们对德国精神卫生专业人员的非歧视性立场持谨慎乐观的态度,同时也强调了进一步研究、培训以及为治疗师和辅导员制定指导方针的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Does a weekly ward-based interpersonal therapy group reduce psychological distress for women in an acute psychiatric inpatient hospital? A service evaluation 每周一次的病房人际治疗小组能否减轻急性精神病住院患者的心理压力?服务评估
IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12812
Emily Staite, Farah Francine

Background

There is a limited amount of research assessing the effectiveness of group therapy on acute inpatient psychiatric wards, and mixed results from research assessing inpatient psychological therapies in general. Previous studies highlight challenges for conducting research on psychiatric inpatient hospitals, such as short admissions, high patient turnover, engagement challenges, acuteness of illness, overmedication and feelings of stigma and disempowerment.

Aims

This service evaluation aims to assess whether weekly ward-based interpersonal group therapy reduces short-term psychological distress for women on an acute psychiatric inpatient ward in inner-city London (Tower Hamlets), UK.

Methods

This service evaluation compared psychological distress, as measured by the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 10 (CORE-10), pre- and post-intervention for women attending a weekly ward-based interpersonal therapy group between February 2023 and August 2023.

Results

There were 46 participants included in the analysis. There was an 11.3% decrease in the mean CORE-10 score post-intervention. Four (9%) patients exhibited significant and reliable change (i.e. short-term psychological distress reduced to a ‘healthy’ level). A further three (7%) patients exhibited no significant change. Short-term psychological distress did not significantly deteriorate for any patients who attended the ward-based interpersonal therapy group.

Conclusion

It is feasible to collect pre- and post-outcome data to assess psychological distress following a weekly ward-based interpersonal therapy group over a 6-month period, which meet acceptable a priori sample size calculations. The group appears to have an immediate positive impact for the majority (95%) of patients where short-term psychological distress reduced or stayed the same; however, this was only significant for 16% of patients. It would be important to collect qualitative data, ideally using multiple methods or data sources for triangulation, in order to corroborate and strengthen the current findings. Practitioners cannot rely solely on the results of this study to demonstrate effectiveness of psychotherapeutic group interventions in acute inpatient settings.

研究背景 目前,对精神科急诊住院病人病房的团体治疗效果进行评估的研究数量有限,而对一般住院病人心理疗法进行评估的研究结果也不尽相同。以往的研究强调了在精神科住院病人医院开展研究所面临的挑战,如入院时间短、病人流动率高、参与挑战、疾病的严重性、过度医疗以及耻辱感和无力感。 目的 本服务评估旨在评估每周一次的病房人际小组疗法是否能减轻英国伦敦内城(哈姆雷特塔)急性精神病住院病房女性患者的短期心理压力。 方法 该服务评估比较了 2023 年 2 月至 2023 年 8 月期间参加每周病房人际治疗小组的女性在干预前和干预后的心理压力,心理压力由常规评估临床结果 10(CORE-10)进行测量。 结果 46 名参与者参与了分析。干预后,CORE-10 平均得分下降了 11.3%。四名患者(9%)表现出了显著而可靠的变化(即短期心理困扰降至 "健康 "水平)。另有三名患者(7%)没有明显变化。参加病房人际治疗小组的所有患者的短期心理压力都没有明显恶化。 结论 在为期 6 个月的每周一次病房人际治疗小组活动中,收集活动前后的结果数据以评估心理困扰是可行的,而且符合可接受的先验样本量计算方法。该小组似乎对大多数患者(95%)产生了立竿见影的积极影响,他们的短期心理压力有所减轻或保持不变;然而,只有 16% 的患者的心理压力显著减轻。收集定性数据非常重要,最好使用多种方法或数据源进行三角测量,以证实和加强目前的研究结果。从业人员不能仅仅依靠本研究的结果来证明心理治疗小组干预在急诊住院患者中的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Counselling & Psychotherapy Research
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