Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2129220
Hugo Drochon
ABSTRACT In his seminal 1994 book Left and Right, Bobbio defined the left as favouring equality, whereas the right favoured inequality. Whilst that distinction retains all of its intellectual purchase, Bobbio was also open to theorizing the centre as either the ‘included’, ‘inclusive’ and ‘transversal’ middle. Building on Bobbio’s work, this article posits that a centre/extremes opposition is a better way of conceptualizing political change, after which a left/right divide re-establishes itself on the basis of the creation of a new centre. To do so it will explore the birthplace of the left/right divide, namely the French Revolution, to argue it was not the only – or indeed dominant – opposition at the time, turning then to the 2017 French presidential election, which opposed Emmanuel Macron to Marine Le Pen, to underline how the centre/extremes opposition continues to capture something fundamental about our contemporary politics. It will conclude by asking whether Bobbio’s notion of the ‘inclusive’ middle is the best way for the centre to hold today.
{"title":"From Dusk till Dawn: Bobbio on the left/right dichotomy","authors":"Hugo Drochon","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2129220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2129220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In his seminal 1994 book Left and Right, Bobbio defined the left as favouring equality, whereas the right favoured inequality. Whilst that distinction retains all of its intellectual purchase, Bobbio was also open to theorizing the centre as either the ‘included’, ‘inclusive’ and ‘transversal’ middle. Building on Bobbio’s work, this article posits that a centre/extremes opposition is a better way of conceptualizing political change, after which a left/right divide re-establishes itself on the basis of the creation of a new centre. To do so it will explore the birthplace of the left/right divide, namely the French Revolution, to argue it was not the only – or indeed dominant – opposition at the time, turning then to the 2017 French presidential election, which opposed Emmanuel Macron to Marine Le Pen, to underline how the centre/extremes opposition continues to capture something fundamental about our contemporary politics. It will conclude by asking whether Bobbio’s notion of the ‘inclusive’ middle is the best way for the centre to hold today.","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44838147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2129211
D. Ragazzoni, A. Craiutu
{"title":"Norberto Bobbio: a life for democracy on the battlefield of ideologies","authors":"D. Ragazzoni, A. Craiutu","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2129211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2129211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46376991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2129214
G. Sciara
ABSTRACT This essay aims to reconstruct the ‘genetic’ phase of Norberto Bobbio’s research on liberalism, through the theoretical confrontation he developed with some reference liberal authors, which we usually call ‘classics’. The paper reconstructs, first of all, the path of Bobbio from the years of his liberal formation, which took place in the sign of the works of Benedetto Croce, to the first gradual departure from the Crocian concept of freedom during the years of the Resistance. After the end of the Second World War, also thanks to the encounter with Karl Popper’s work, Bobbio’s arrival to the methodological individualism took place as well as the definitive departure from the idealistic and Croce's conception of freedom. The systematic criticism Bobbio addressed to his idea of liberalism, was developed in the volume Politics and culture, a crucial work to understand what the philosophical foundations of liberalism are according to Bobbio. The interpretation he gave of Benjamin Constant’s thought is important for two different reasons: firstly, starting from Constant, Bobbio anticipated as early as 1954 the famous Isaiah Berlin’s distinction between negative and positive liberty; secondly, this interpretation is fundamental to highlight the particularity and the anomaly of Bobbio’s liberalism.
{"title":"The genesis of Bobbio’s liberalism (1939-1955): between classics old and new","authors":"G. Sciara","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2129214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2129214","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay aims to reconstruct the ‘genetic’ phase of Norberto Bobbio’s research on liberalism, through the theoretical confrontation he developed with some reference liberal authors, which we usually call ‘classics’. The paper reconstructs, first of all, the path of Bobbio from the years of his liberal formation, which took place in the sign of the works of Benedetto Croce, to the first gradual departure from the Crocian concept of freedom during the years of the Resistance. After the end of the Second World War, also thanks to the encounter with Karl Popper’s work, Bobbio’s arrival to the methodological individualism took place as well as the definitive departure from the idealistic and Croce's conception of freedom. The systematic criticism Bobbio addressed to his idea of liberalism, was developed in the volume Politics and culture, a crucial work to understand what the philosophical foundations of liberalism are according to Bobbio. The interpretation he gave of Benjamin Constant’s thought is important for two different reasons: firstly, starting from Constant, Bobbio anticipated as early as 1954 the famous Isaiah Berlin’s distinction between negative and positive liberty; secondly, this interpretation is fundamental to highlight the particularity and the anomaly of Bobbio’s liberalism.","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46926984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2129215
D. Ragazzoni
ABSTRACT Bobbio’s democratic vision warrants scrutiny not simply as a theory of procedural democracy, but also for its critical study of political ideologies (historical and contemporary) and its ambition to reconcile some of their driving ideals. This article draws the attention of Anglophone scholars to Bobbio’s life-long endeavour to merge the competing agendas of liberalism and socialism and thus develop a democratic theory capable of merging productively the notions of equality, liberty, and justice. Rather than a cross-eyed theory of democracy, Bobbio’s encapsulated a vigorous attempt to alert rival partisans of both the limits and the potential of their respective projects. He urged socialists to appreciate the importance of liberal institutions and procedures vis-à-vis unconditional celebrations of direct democracy; at the same time, he warned liberals about the ‘broken promises’ of representative democracy and the oligarchic involution of parliamentarism. The article pursues three related goals. It situates Bobbio’s project in its historical context, charting the ways in which the political history of 20th-century Italy and Europe forged his “liberalsocialism”. It examines its similarities and differences with previous attempts to cross-fertilize the liberal and the socialist projects across the Atlantic. It explores its constitutive tensions through the lenses of one of its most perceptive interpreters in the Anglophone world – Perry Anderson. By doing so, the article seeks to provide a nuanced study of Bobbio’s democratic vision and shed light on its persistent relevance for thinking through the challenges of representative democracy in our present.
{"title":"Equality, liberty, justice: Bobbio’s democratic vision, between liberalism and socialism *","authors":"D. Ragazzoni","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2129215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2129215","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bobbio’s democratic vision warrants scrutiny not simply as a theory of procedural democracy, but also for its critical study of political ideologies (historical and contemporary) and its ambition to reconcile some of their driving ideals. This article draws the attention of Anglophone scholars to Bobbio’s life-long endeavour to merge the competing agendas of liberalism and socialism and thus develop a democratic theory capable of merging productively the notions of equality, liberty, and justice. Rather than a cross-eyed theory of democracy, Bobbio’s encapsulated a vigorous attempt to alert rival partisans of both the limits and the potential of their respective projects. He urged socialists to appreciate the importance of liberal institutions and procedures vis-à-vis unconditional celebrations of direct democracy; at the same time, he warned liberals about the ‘broken promises’ of representative democracy and the oligarchic involution of parliamentarism. The article pursues three related goals. It situates Bobbio’s project in its historical context, charting the ways in which the political history of 20th-century Italy and Europe forged his “liberalsocialism”. It examines its similarities and differences with previous attempts to cross-fertilize the liberal and the socialist projects across the Atlantic. It explores its constitutive tensions through the lenses of one of its most perceptive interpreters in the Anglophone world – Perry Anderson. By doing so, the article seeks to provide a nuanced study of Bobbio’s democratic vision and shed light on its persistent relevance for thinking through the challenges of representative democracy in our present.","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48054831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2129219
Valentina Pazé, Massimo Cuono
ABSTRACT The article explores Norberto Bobbio’s thought regarding the complex relationship between theory and ideology, and the possible mutual influences between them. The essay first clarifies what Bobbio means by ‘theory’ and what connection he establishes between theory and political philosophy. The first section reconstructs Bobbio’s distinction between four ways of conceiving political philosophy, and his preference for the formal value-free approach of what he defines as a ‘general theory of politics’. The second section focuses on whether a general theory of politics, seeking to clarify the basic concepts of political language and provide purely descriptive definitions, is in fact possible. The third section deals with this same question starting from a debate between Bobbio, Passerin d’Entreves and Scarpelli sparked in 1954 by Felix Oppenheim’s book Dimensions of Freedom. Likewise, Bobbio’s last course in political philosophy on the topic of ‘revolution’ offers insights into his ‘empirical-analytical’ method, in which conceptual analysis is deeply related to the observation of reality and the study of history (fourth section). To conclude, the last paragraph returns to the complex relationship between theory and ideology in Bobbio’s thought, by highlighting elements of continuity and discontinuity, with the tradition of analytical philosophy.
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Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2112083
K. Spowage, Hayley G. Toth
{"title":"Reading and ideology: the case of the free public libraries movement","authors":"K. Spowage, Hayley G. Toth","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2112083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2112083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42583980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2114248
H. B. Türk
{"title":"‘In search of an identity’: Öcalan’s socialism","authors":"H. B. Türk","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2114248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2114248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42416016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-18DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2112126
B. O'connor, Lloyd Cox, Danny Cooper
{"title":"The ideology of American exceptionalism: American nationalism’s nom de plume","authors":"B. O'connor, Lloyd Cox, Danny Cooper","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2112126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2112126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48967260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2107253
Gabriel Fernandes Rocha Guimarães
{"title":"Missionary populism against nativist populism: the debate between Olavo de Carvalho and Alexander Dugin","authors":"Gabriel Fernandes Rocha Guimarães","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2107253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2107253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42740390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2022.2104996
Dilnoza Ubaydullaeva
{"title":"Ideological discourses in post-Soviet Uzbekistan: internationalization of higher education as a threat","authors":"Dilnoza Ubaydullaeva","doi":"10.1080/13569317.2022.2104996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2022.2104996","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ideologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43461252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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