Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2099823
L. Kelly, Aimee E. Miller-Ott
ABSTRACT Participants (N = 312) in romantic relationships completed an online survey to determine common integrated phone activities, motivations for integrating phones into time together, and whether phone integration is associated with relationship satisfaction. The most frequent activities included showing social media posts, photos, and videos; showing texts; and involving the partner in video calls. Primary motivations for integrating phones into partners’ co-present time were enjoyment, psychological inclusion, phubbing avoidance, transparency, and habitual use. Findings indicate that participants were often intentional in integrating the phone into co-present time, and frequency of joint involvement with the phone was associated with relationship satisfaction.
{"title":"“I Just Like to Share My Life with My Partner:” Mobile Phone Integration in Romantic Partners’ Face-to-Face Interactions","authors":"L. Kelly, Aimee E. Miller-Ott","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2099823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2099823","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Participants (N = 312) in romantic relationships completed an online survey to determine common integrated phone activities, motivations for integrating phones into time together, and whether phone integration is associated with relationship satisfaction. The most frequent activities included showing social media posts, photos, and videos; showing texts; and involving the partner in video calls. Primary motivations for integrating phones into partners’ co-present time were enjoyment, psychological inclusion, phubbing avoidance, transparency, and habitual use. Findings indicate that participants were often intentional in integrating the phone into co-present time, and frequency of joint involvement with the phone was associated with relationship satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"192 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59941367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2083597
Buduo Wang, Natalie Brown-Devlin
ABSTRACT A large body of norms-based research has demonstrated that descriptive norm appeals in health messages can shape message viewers’ normative beliefs, which then impact persuasive outcomes. This study, however, suggests that, at least for some health topics (here, a mask-wearing campaign), descriptive norm appeals do not change message recipients’ normative beliefs. Instead, one’s own normative beliefs may function as a moderator for the effect of norm appeals on message credibility and subsequent persuasive outcomes. Specifically, a positive (negative) indirect effect was observed (descriptive norm appeals – message credibility – perceived message effectiveness – behavior intentions) when viewers’ own normative beliefs were more consistent (inconsistent) with what the descriptive norm appeal indicated. Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Believe it or not? Examining how one’s own normative beliefs impact the perceived credibility of descriptive norms-based messages","authors":"Buduo Wang, Natalie Brown-Devlin","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2083597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2083597","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A large body of norms-based research has demonstrated that descriptive norm appeals in health messages can shape message viewers’ normative beliefs, which then impact persuasive outcomes. This study, however, suggests that, at least for some health topics (here, a mask-wearing campaign), descriptive norm appeals do not change message recipients’ normative beliefs. Instead, one’s own normative beliefs may function as a moderator for the effect of norm appeals on message credibility and subsequent persuasive outcomes. Specifically, a positive (negative) indirect effect was observed (descriptive norm appeals – message credibility – perceived message effectiveness – behavior intentions) when viewers’ own normative beliefs were more consistent (inconsistent) with what the descriptive norm appeal indicated. Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"181 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45860781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2076664
Rebekah M. Chiasson, M. Henningsen
ABSTRACT Teaching practices have been affected by pandemic shifts from face-to-face to online modalities. Instructors (N = 125) reported predictors and outcomes of online teaching self-efficacy (TSE). Results indicated that professional development predicted TSE but only training completed before COVID-19. In comparing teaching modalities, TSE predicted closeness with students, which predicted breadth and depth of instructor self-disclosures with students. Counter to predictions, closeness did not predict sharing information strategically with students.
{"title":"Emergency remote instruction versus face-to-face instruction: precursors and outcomes of online teaching self-efficacy during COVID-19","authors":"Rebekah M. Chiasson, M. Henningsen","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2076664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2076664","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Teaching practices have been affected by pandemic shifts from face-to-face to online modalities. Instructors (N = 125) reported predictors and outcomes of online teaching self-efficacy (TSE). Results indicated that professional development predicted TSE but only training completed before COVID-19. In comparing teaching modalities, TSE predicted closeness with students, which predicted breadth and depth of instructor self-disclosures with students. Counter to predictions, closeness did not predict sharing information strategically with students.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"171 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42867105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2073989
Jenna R. LaFreniere
ABSTRACT This study examined the power of young adults’ resilience to help deter emotional labor with parents and examined emotional labor as a mediator predicting decreased relational satisfaction. Young adults (N = 257) completed an online questionnaire. Results demonstrated an inverse relationship between their resilience and emotional labor with parents, and showed that emotional labor may function as a type of relational load, helping to explain why young adults with decreased resilience may also experience decreased relational satisfaction with parents. Guided by the theory of resilience and relational load, this study contributes to a better understanding of resilience and emotion work in family communication.
{"title":"Examining young adults’ emotional labor as a form of relational load with parents","authors":"Jenna R. LaFreniere","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2073989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2073989","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined the power of young adults’ resilience to help deter emotional labor with parents and examined emotional labor as a mediator predicting decreased relational satisfaction. Young adults (N = 257) completed an online questionnaire. Results demonstrated an inverse relationship between their resilience and emotional labor with parents, and showed that emotional labor may function as a type of relational load, helping to explain why young adults with decreased resilience may also experience decreased relational satisfaction with parents. Guided by the theory of resilience and relational load, this study contributes to a better understanding of resilience and emotion work in family communication.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"160 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47026839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2065256
Thais M. Zimbres, R. Bell, L. Miller, Jingwen Zhang
ABSTRACT Contradictory and complex health messages are prevalent in the media and can lead to uncertainty in decision-making. We explore if the theoretical distinction between message contradiction and complexity is manifested in laypersons’ perceptions. U.S. adults (N = 584) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: contradictory messages, complex messages, or no-message control. Participants in the message conditions read contradictory or complex messages and completed measures of perceived contradiction and complexity. All participants completed measures of issue uncertainty and decision uncertainty. The theoretical distinction between contradiction and complexity was not reflected in participants’ perceptions. Although participants rated contradictory messages as more inconsistent than complex messages, the complex messages were not rated as more complex than contradictory messages. Results supported a model in which perceptions of contradiction and complexity give rise to issue uncertainty, leading to decision uncertainty. The unique perceptions and effects of distinct sources of health-related uncertainty need further investigation.
{"title":"Contradictory and complex health messages: an experimental test of different sources of uncertainty","authors":"Thais M. Zimbres, R. Bell, L. Miller, Jingwen Zhang","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2065256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2065256","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contradictory and complex health messages are prevalent in the media and can lead to uncertainty in decision-making. We explore if the theoretical distinction between message contradiction and complexity is manifested in laypersons’ perceptions. U.S. adults (N = 584) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: contradictory messages, complex messages, or no-message control. Participants in the message conditions read contradictory or complex messages and completed measures of perceived contradiction and complexity. All participants completed measures of issue uncertainty and decision uncertainty. The theoretical distinction between contradiction and complexity was not reflected in participants’ perceptions. Although participants rated contradictory messages as more inconsistent than complex messages, the complex messages were not rated as more complex than contradictory messages. Results supported a model in which perceptions of contradiction and complexity give rise to issue uncertainty, leading to decision uncertainty. The unique perceptions and effects of distinct sources of health-related uncertainty need further investigation.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"147 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43557366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2054790
J. Yoo, Daekyung Kim, Wi-Geun Kim
ABSTRACT This study explored the perceptual components of the third-person effects of fake news during the 2017 presidential election in South Korea. Specifically, we examined self-other disparities in perceptions of the effects of fake news using data from an online panel survey. The results indicated that the participants considered the influence of fake news to be greater on others than on themselves. We also found political interest and fact-checking to be significant predictors of the self-other disparities associated with perceptions of fake news. The findings of this study offer fresh insights into third-person effects in the age of post-truth politics.
{"title":"Fake news on you, Not me: The Third-Person Effects of Fake News in South Korea","authors":"J. Yoo, Daekyung Kim, Wi-Geun Kim","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2054790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2054790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explored the perceptual components of the third-person effects of fake news during the 2017 presidential election in South Korea. Specifically, we examined self-other disparities in perceptions of the effects of fake news using data from an online panel survey. The results indicated that the participants considered the influence of fake news to be greater on others than on themselves. We also found political interest and fact-checking to be significant predictors of the self-other disparities associated with perceptions of fake news. The findings of this study offer fresh insights into third-person effects in the age of post-truth politics.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"115 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43370981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2058480
Noel H. McGuire, H. Ball
ABSTRACT This study extends psychological reactance theory by examining denial of a public health threat and resistance toward media sharing as two novel types of freedom restoration. Participants (N = 220) were randomly assigned to watch a video advocating COVID-19 guidelines and completed an online survey assessing corresponding perceptions and behavioral intentions. Results of structural equation modeling supported the two-step model of reactance: greater perceived freedom threat was related to greater reactance, which in turn was linked to lower intentions to comply with COVID-19 guidelines, lower intentions to share the video with one’s online social network, and greater denial of COVID-19 as a public health threat. Implications for psychological reactance theory and health campaign design are discussed.
{"title":"Extending psychological reactance theory to include denial of threat and media sharing intentions as freedom restoration behavior","authors":"Noel H. McGuire, H. Ball","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2058480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2058480","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study extends psychological reactance theory by examining denial of a public health threat and resistance toward media sharing as two novel types of freedom restoration. Participants (N = 220) were randomly assigned to watch a video advocating COVID-19 guidelines and completed an online survey assessing corresponding perceptions and behavioral intentions. Results of structural equation modeling supported the two-step model of reactance: greater perceived freedom threat was related to greater reactance, which in turn was linked to lower intentions to comply with COVID-19 guidelines, lower intentions to share the video with one’s online social network, and greater denial of COVID-19 as a public health threat. Implications for psychological reactance theory and health campaign design are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"136 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2054791
Matt Shin, Alan K. Goodboy, Megan R. Dillow
ABSTRACT As emerging adults transition to college, they must adapt to new circumstances, both academic and personal. For partners involved in a romantic relationship prior to attending college, this transition has important relational implications, including potential fluctuations in relational uncertainty and interdependence. Guided by relational turbulence theory (RTT), we conducted the present study to model growth trajectories of first-semester students’ relationship parameters and experiences of relational turbulence during their transition to college (i.e., during the first eight weeks). Results of latent growth curve modeling revealed that students experienced higher levels of relational uncertainty, interference from a partner, and facilitation from a partner at the very beginning of their first semester in college, but each of these relationship parameters decreased over the first two months of the semester. Additionally, relational turbulence remained stable and did not change throughout the semester but correlated with contemporaneous relationship parameters as RTT predicts.
{"title":"A longitudinal investigation of relational turbulence during the transition to college","authors":"Matt Shin, Alan K. Goodboy, Megan R. Dillow","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2054791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2054791","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As emerging adults transition to college, they must adapt to new circumstances, both academic and personal. For partners involved in a romantic relationship prior to attending college, this transition has important relational implications, including potential fluctuations in relational uncertainty and interdependence. Guided by relational turbulence theory (RTT), we conducted the present study to model growth trajectories of first-semester students’ relationship parameters and experiences of relational turbulence during their transition to college (i.e., during the first eight weeks). Results of latent growth curve modeling revealed that students experienced higher levels of relational uncertainty, interference from a partner, and facilitation from a partner at the very beginning of their first semester in college, but each of these relationship parameters decreased over the first two months of the semester. Additionally, relational turbulence remained stable and did not change throughout the semester but correlated with contemporaneous relationship parameters as RTT predicts.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"60 4","pages":"126 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41245969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2045929
Kelly Merrill, Jihyun Kim, Chad Collins
ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) companiosns (e.g., social machine agents, social robots) are becoming increasingly available. Considering that AI companions can be beneficial for individuals seeking companionships or relationships, the social and relational aspects of an AI companion are important to investigate. To understand people’s perceptions of an AI companion, this study examines the roles of social presence and warmth of an AI companion through an online experiment. Primary findings indicate that social presence of a disembodied AI companion fosters greater perceived usefulness of the AI companion and willingness to recommend the AI companion for lonely individuals. Collectively, the study highlights the importance of social presence for disembodied AI companions.
{"title":"AI companions for lonely individuals and the role of social presence","authors":"Kelly Merrill, Jihyun Kim, Chad Collins","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2045929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2045929","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) companiosns (e.g., social machine agents, social robots) are becoming increasingly available. Considering that AI companions can be beneficial for individuals seeking companionships or relationships, the social and relational aspects of an AI companion are important to investigate. To understand people’s perceptions of an AI companion, this study examines the roles of social presence and warmth of an AI companion through an online experiment. Primary findings indicate that social presence of a disembodied AI companion fosters greater perceived usefulness of the AI companion and willingness to recommend the AI companion for lonely individuals. Collectively, the study highlights the importance of social presence for disembodied AI companions.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"93 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48906949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2022.2045930
Y. Demir, J. Hornikx
ABSTRACT Empirical research has shown that high-quality arguments according to criteria from argumentation theory lead to higher claim acceptance than low-quality arguments. However, this relationship was not observed in some cultural settings. This leads to the question whether criteria for high-quality arguments are culturally variable or universal. Therefore, adding to existing research on sensitivity to quality criteria for the argument from authority and the argument from generalization conducted mainly in Western cultural contexts, an experiment was run in Turkey (N = 307). Results showed that Turkish participants were sensitive to the quality of arguments: claim acceptance was higher when high-quality variants were used than when low-quality variants were used. While not neglecting potential cultural variability, these data add to the findings that there might be some level of universality in sensitivity to criteria for argument quality.
{"title":"Sensitivity to argument quality: adding Turkish data to the question of cultural variability versus universality","authors":"Y. Demir, J. Hornikx","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2022.2045930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2022.2045930","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Empirical research has shown that high-quality arguments according to criteria from argumentation theory lead to higher claim acceptance than low-quality arguments. However, this relationship was not observed in some cultural settings. This leads to the question whether criteria for high-quality arguments are culturally variable or universal. Therefore, adding to existing research on sensitivity to quality criteria for the argument from authority and the argument from generalization conducted mainly in Western cultural contexts, an experiment was run in Turkey (N = 307). Results showed that Turkish participants were sensitive to the quality of arguments: claim acceptance was higher when high-quality variants were used than when low-quality variants were used. While not neglecting potential cultural variability, these data add to the findings that there might be some level of universality in sensitivity to criteria for argument quality.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":"104 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49252085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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