Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000154
C. P. Morales-Murillo, Pau García-Grau, M. D. Grau-Sevilla, Beatriz Soucase-Lozano
This study looked at the effect of mother's educational level, child emotional difficulties, peer interactions, age, and gender on children's sophistication level of engagement. Eighty-six randomly selected children, aged between 36 and 72 months, and 20 teachers from 5 early childhood education centers in Valencia, Spain, participated in the study. Teachers reported on children's sophistication levels of engagement, interaction with peers, and emotional difficulties. Mothers reported on their highest educational level. The results indicated a direct effect of age, emotional difficulties, peer interactions, and mother's educational level on sophistication level of engagement. Emotional difficulties mediated the relation between mother's educational level and children's sophistication level of engagement, and peer interactions mediated the relation between sophistication level of engagement and age. Our results and those of other studies suggest promoting children's interactions with peers and emotionally secure environments as best practices for supporting children's higher sophistication levels of engagement in early childhood education routines.
{"title":"Impact of Child Characteristics and Mother's Educational Level on Child Engagement Levels","authors":"C. P. Morales-Murillo, Pau García-Grau, M. D. Grau-Sevilla, Beatriz Soucase-Lozano","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000154","url":null,"abstract":"This study looked at the effect of mother's educational level, child emotional difficulties, peer interactions, age, and gender on children's sophistication level of engagement. Eighty-six randomly selected children, aged between 36 and 72 months, and 20 teachers from 5 early childhood education centers in Valencia, Spain, participated in the study. Teachers reported on children's sophistication levels of engagement, interaction with peers, and emotional difficulties. Mothers reported on their highest educational level. The results indicated a direct effect of age, emotional difficulties, peer interactions, and mother's educational level on sophistication level of engagement. Emotional difficulties mediated the relation between mother's educational level and children's sophistication level of engagement, and peer interactions mediated the relation between sophistication level of engagement and age. Our results and those of other studies suggest promoting children's interactions with peers and emotionally secure environments as best practices for supporting children's higher sophistication levels of engagement in early childhood education routines.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"146 1","pages":"71 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85877588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000157
Zhidan Wang, Xiaoyu Zhu, Frankie T. K. Fong, Jing Meng, Haijing Wang
Our proclivity toward high-fidelity transmission of knowledge is one of the key mechanisms that underpins our success as a species. This study evaluated overimitation within children with hearing impairments (who had either a cochlear implant or a hearing aid) in relation to those with normal hearing. A total of seventy-two 4-year-old children were shown how to operate novel objects using a series of causally irrelevant actions, followed by causally relevant action. We measured the degree to which children reproduced the irrelevant actions as an indicator of imitative fidelity. Children with either hearing impairments or normal hearing replicated the irrelevant actions at rates above the baseline. However, imitative fidelity of the former group was significantly lower. In addition, children with hearing impairments were also less likely to identify and achieve the outcome by performing the relevant act. This study advances our understanding of social learning in children with hearing impairments and proposes potential weakness of social-cognitive skills within this population.
{"title":"Overimitation of Children With Cochlear Implants or Hearing Aids in Comparison With Children With Normal Hearing","authors":"Zhidan Wang, Xiaoyu Zhu, Frankie T. K. Fong, Jing Meng, Haijing Wang","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000157","url":null,"abstract":"Our proclivity toward high-fidelity transmission of knowledge is one of the key mechanisms that underpins our success as a species. This study evaluated overimitation within children with hearing impairments (who had either a cochlear implant or a hearing aid) in relation to those with normal hearing. A total of seventy-two 4-year-old children were shown how to operate novel objects using a series of causally irrelevant actions, followed by causally relevant action. We measured the degree to which children reproduced the irrelevant actions as an indicator of imitative fidelity. Children with either hearing impairments or normal hearing replicated the irrelevant actions at rates above the baseline. However, imitative fidelity of the former group was significantly lower. In addition, children with hearing impairments were also less likely to identify and achieve the outcome by performing the relevant act. This study advances our understanding of social learning in children with hearing impairments and proposes potential weakness of social-cognitive skills within this population.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"11 1","pages":"84 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83887808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000156
Ciera M. Lorio, M. Romano, Juliann Woods, Jennifer A. Brown
An increasing number of researchers are examining the benefits and outcomes of caregiver-implemented interventions for young children with delays or disabilities. Most report the incorporation of multiple coaching strategies within their approach; however, definitions and descriptions of coaching strategies and processes continue to be limited. This scoping review examined the use of various coaching strategies across models of caregiver coaching in early intervention, with a specific focus on problem solving and reflection coaching strategies occurring in the literature between 2011 and 2018. Problem solving and reflection are 2 coaching strategies incorporated into coaching approaches to build caregiver competency, confidence, and independence within intervention implementation. The results of this review may guide the field in further defining caregiver coaching as well as specific coaching strategies, such as problem solving and reflection.
{"title":"A Review of Problem Solving and Reflection as Caregiver Coaching Strategies in Early Intervention","authors":"Ciera M. Lorio, M. Romano, Juliann Woods, Jennifer A. Brown","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000156","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing number of researchers are examining the benefits and outcomes of caregiver-implemented interventions for young children with delays or disabilities. Most report the incorporation of multiple coaching strategies within their approach; however, definitions and descriptions of coaching strategies and processes continue to be limited. This scoping review examined the use of various coaching strategies across models of caregiver coaching in early intervention, with a specific focus on problem solving and reflection coaching strategies occurring in the literature between 2011 and 2018. Problem solving and reflection are 2 coaching strategies incorporated into coaching approaches to build caregiver competency, confidence, and independence within intervention implementation. The results of this review may guide the field in further defining caregiver coaching as well as specific coaching strategies, such as problem solving and reflection.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"101 1","pages":"35 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79038893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/iyc.0000000000000159
{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/iyc.0000000000000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/iyc.0000000000000159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82740744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000158
Jeffrey D. Shahidullah, S. Forman, Amy M. Norton, Jill F Harris, Mohammed H. Palejwala, A. Chaudhuri
Early identification of young children at developmental risk is important for linkage to needed services. Yet, despite guidelines for developmental screening, many pediatricians do not systematically use screening tools. Because many young children spend time in childcare settings, conducting screening in these settings may improve rates of early identification. Surveys were sent to 356 childcare providers who attended brief developmental screening training to determine practices and perceptions related to implementation of screening in the childcare setting. A 51.7% useable response rate was obtained. A majority of respondents strongly agreed that developmental screening should be conducted in childcare centers, that it is important for staff to discuss developmental concerns with parents and to link children with concerns to resources, and that their center director supported use of the screening tool. Several attitudes both about developmental screening and about organizational support had a positive and significant relationship with current use and intended future use of developmental screening tools. Findings suggest that even brief staff training may positively impact screening attitudes and practices, although follow-up technical assistance may result in fuller, more effective implementation.
{"title":"Implementation of Developmental Screening by Childcare Providers","authors":"Jeffrey D. Shahidullah, S. Forman, Amy M. Norton, Jill F Harris, Mohammed H. Palejwala, A. Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000158","url":null,"abstract":"Early identification of young children at developmental risk is important for linkage to needed services. Yet, despite guidelines for developmental screening, many pediatricians do not systematically use screening tools. Because many young children spend time in childcare settings, conducting screening in these settings may improve rates of early identification. Surveys were sent to 356 childcare providers who attended brief developmental screening training to determine practices and perceptions related to implementation of screening in the childcare setting. A 51.7% useable response rate was obtained. A majority of respondents strongly agreed that developmental screening should be conducted in childcare centers, that it is important for staff to discuss developmental concerns with parents and to link children with concerns to resources, and that their center director supported use of the screening tool. Several attitudes both about developmental screening and about organizational support had a positive and significant relationship with current use and intended future use of developmental screening tools. Findings suggest that even brief staff training may positively impact screening attitudes and practices, although follow-up technical assistance may result in fuller, more effective implementation.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"03 1","pages":"21 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86349211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000149
D. Gibbs, P. Harniess, Siew-Lian Crossley
Infants who require admission to a neonatal unit and who ultimately present with complex neurodevelopmental difficulties often require more sustained engagement with early intervention services during admission and beyond. However, there is little research exploring families' experiences of early intervention (EI) therapy received throughout a neonatal unit admission and continuing through transition into the community setting. This study was designed to explore parents' perceptions of EI therapy for infants with complex emerging neurodevelopmental difficulties. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 6 mothers whose infants had been admitted to a neonatal unit and were receiving EI therapy services for their child. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed and then thematically analyzed. Four key themes emerged articulating the parent experiences during their evolving relationship with therapy providers in the neonatal unit and following discharge: (a) a vulnerable start—adjusting to the unexpected; (b) becoming a mother—becoming a family; (c) the therapy journey; and (d) a new reality. Attributes that enhanced the developing parent–provider relationship were identified including the importance of developing collaborative communication styles, supporting families in developing their expectations of the parent–provider relationship, and ensuring clarity in the nature, scope, and contribution of EI therapy to their child and overall family development. Early introduction of EI therapists during an infant's admission to a neonatal unit can serve to strengthen the parent–provider relationship by offering a support continuum during a vulnerable time.
{"title":"“The Constant by Our Side”—Mothers' Experiences of Early Intervention Therapy Services for Infants With Emerging Signs of Complex Neurodevelopmental Difficulties","authors":"D. Gibbs, P. Harniess, Siew-Lian Crossley","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000149","url":null,"abstract":"Infants who require admission to a neonatal unit and who ultimately present with complex neurodevelopmental difficulties often require more sustained engagement with early intervention services during admission and beyond. However, there is little research exploring families' experiences of early intervention (EI) therapy received throughout a neonatal unit admission and continuing through transition into the community setting. This study was designed to explore parents' perceptions of EI therapy for infants with complex emerging neurodevelopmental difficulties. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 6 mothers whose infants had been admitted to a neonatal unit and were receiving EI therapy services for their child. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed and then thematically analyzed. Four key themes emerged articulating the parent experiences during their evolving relationship with therapy providers in the neonatal unit and following discharge: (a) a vulnerable start—adjusting to the unexpected; (b) becoming a mother—becoming a family; (c) the therapy journey; and (d) a new reality. Attributes that enhanced the developing parent–provider relationship were identified including the importance of developing collaborative communication styles, supporting families in developing their expectations of the parent–provider relationship, and ensuring clarity in the nature, scope, and contribution of EI therapy to their child and overall family development. Early introduction of EI therapists during an infant's admission to a neonatal unit can serve to strengthen the parent–provider relationship by offering a support continuum during a vulnerable time.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"98 1","pages":"255 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84259427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000150
Beth K. Elenko
The State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate's occupational therapy (OT) Program has worked over the last decade and a half providing advanced training in early intervention (EI) through 3 OT programs for practicing and preservice occupational therapists. There are many challenges in the preparation of entry-level practitioners to work effectively using family-centered best practices. This article describes a family partnership experience (FPE), which is part of SUNY Downstate's advanced training in EI. This article outlines the evolution of our FPE through 3 advanced training programs. In these FPEs, the OT students spend time with families who receive EI during their daily lives. Students complete assignments to identify the families' priorities and concerns, understand roles and routines, and assist families to access community resources. Through this FPE, students learn about the family's perspective. This article presents quantitative and qualitative data of the FPE through students' report in course evaluations, pre- and post–self-assessed competency, and informal interviews over the 3 higher education OT programs.
{"title":"Preparing Occupational Therapists for Effective Family-Centered Best Practice in Early Intervention","authors":"Beth K. Elenko","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000150","url":null,"abstract":"The State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate's occupational therapy (OT) Program has worked over the last decade and a half providing advanced training in early intervention (EI) through 3 OT programs for practicing and preservice occupational therapists. There are many challenges in the preparation of entry-level practitioners to work effectively using family-centered best practices. This article describes a family partnership experience (FPE), which is part of SUNY Downstate's advanced training in EI. This article outlines the evolution of our FPE through 3 advanced training programs. In these FPEs, the OT students spend time with families who receive EI during their daily lives. Students complete assignments to identify the families' priorities and concerns, understand roles and routines, and assist families to access community resources. Through this FPE, students learn about the family's perspective. This article presents quantitative and qualitative data of the FPE through students' report in course evaluations, pre- and post–self-assessed competency, and informal interviews over the 3 higher education OT programs.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"36 1","pages":"270 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86548474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000148
K. Cosgrove, Linda Gilkerson, A. Leviton, M. Mueller, C. Norris-Shortle, Marcia Gouvêa
A strong relationship between parents and professionals is essential to successful early intervention. Yet, programs struggle to engage families in services. This article describes a successful pilot project to strengthen parent/professional relationships for families with children with disabilities living in a high-poverty urban area. Early intervention (EI) providers were trained to use the FAN (Facilitating Attuned Interactions) approach to increase their attunement to parent concerns and capacity to collaborate with parents during early intervention therapy sessions. Over the pilot project, the providers felt more empathic with parents, more collaborative, and more effective and satisfied in their roles. FAN is a promising approach and practical tool to strengthen relationships between parents and professionals in EI.
{"title":"Building Professional Capacity to Strengthen Parent/Professional Relationships in Early Intervention: The FAN Approach","authors":"K. Cosgrove, Linda Gilkerson, A. Leviton, M. Mueller, C. Norris-Shortle, Marcia Gouvêa","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000148","url":null,"abstract":"A strong relationship between parents and professionals is essential to successful early intervention. Yet, programs struggle to engage families in services. This article describes a successful pilot project to strengthen parent/professional relationships for families with children with disabilities living in a high-poverty urban area. Early intervention (EI) providers were trained to use the FAN (Facilitating Attuned Interactions) approach to increase their attunement to parent concerns and capacity to collaborate with parents during early intervention therapy sessions. Over the pilot project, the providers felt more empathic with parents, more collaborative, and more effective and satisfied in their roles. FAN is a promising approach and practical tool to strengthen relationships between parents and professionals in EI.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"25 1","pages":"245 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74573572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000226
Alicia Azzano, Rebecca Ward, T. Vause, Maurice A. Feldman
Interventions for young children at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may improve key developmental skills and remediate early ASD signs. Parents of 3 children (19, 23, and 26 months old) showing possible early signs of ASD participated. The Parent Observation of Early Markers Scale (POEMS) identified specific child concerns confirmed in baseline observations. Multiple baseline designs across parent and child behaviors evaluated a parent-mediated behavioral intervention, called Parent Intervention for Children At-Risk for Autism (PICARA), to increase targeted developmental skills (e.g., responding to name, imitation, requesting). Parents received individual behavioral skills training in their home 1 hr per week over 12, 18, and 29 sessions, respectively, based on the number of child skills trained and child performance. All parent and child skills improved and were maintained at the 46-, 12-, and 6-week follow-up periods, respectively. With training, parents of young children at risk for ASD may be able to improve child skills deficits often seen in children with ASD.
{"title":"Parent-Mediated Targeted Intervention for Young Children at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Alicia Azzano, Rebecca Ward, T. Vause, Maurice A. Feldman","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000226","url":null,"abstract":"Interventions for young children at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may improve key developmental skills and remediate early ASD signs. Parents of 3 children (19, 23, and 26 months old) showing possible early signs of ASD participated. The Parent Observation of Early Markers Scale (POEMS) identified specific child concerns confirmed in baseline observations. Multiple baseline designs across parent and child behaviors evaluated a parent-mediated behavioral intervention, called Parent Intervention for Children At-Risk for Autism (PICARA), to increase targeted developmental skills (e.g., responding to name, imitation, requesting). Parents received individual behavioral skills training in their home 1 hr per week over 12, 18, and 29 sessions, respectively, based on the number of child skills trained and child performance. All parent and child skills improved and were maintained at the 46-, 12-, and 6-week follow-up periods, respectively. With training, parents of young children at risk for ASD may be able to improve child skills deficits often seen in children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"50 1","pages":"320 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77804639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1097/IYC.0000000000000143
D. Adams, Deb Keen, H. Heussler, Rachelle Wicks, Jacqueline Roberts
Early childhood intervention (ECI) services for children on the autism spectrum commonly espouse a family-centered approach but outcomes studies often focus solely upon the child. Mothers of 96 children on the spectrum (aged 4–5 years) completed a measure of access to ECI and the Family Outcomes Survey—Revised. Family outcomes after ECI were generally positive, although a notable proportion of mothers rated that their child still did not participate in social, recreational, or religious activities that they would want to (15.6%) and that as parents, they did not know about post-ECI options (14.6%). Family outcomes and perceived helpfulness of ECI did not differ with demographic data with the exception of Accessing the community subscale, which was significantly higher in families with incomes above AUD$80,000.
{"title":"Family Outcomes for Families of 4–5-Year-Old Children on the Autism Spectrum Who Have Received Early Childhood Intervention in Australia","authors":"D. Adams, Deb Keen, H. Heussler, Rachelle Wicks, Jacqueline Roberts","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000143","url":null,"abstract":"Early childhood intervention (ECI) services for children on the autism spectrum commonly espouse a family-centered approach but outcomes studies often focus solely upon the child. Mothers of 96 children on the spectrum (aged 4–5 years) completed a measure of access to ECI and the Family Outcomes Survey—Revised. Family outcomes after ECI were generally positive, although a notable proportion of mothers rated that their child still did not participate in social, recreational, or religious activities that they would want to (15.6%) and that as parents, they did not know about post-ECI options (14.6%). Family outcomes and perceived helpfulness of ECI did not differ with demographic data with the exception of Accessing the community subscale, which was significantly higher in families with incomes above AUD$80,000.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"14 1","pages":"186 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81797609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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