Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race最新文献

英文中文

“RECONSTRUCTION HAS STOPPED THE NONSENSE” “重建已经停止了胡闹”

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X20000296

T. Price‐Spratlen, Joseph A. Guzman, C. Patton, W. Goldsby

Abstract Increasing research attention is being given to former felons, or returning citizens, after their release from prison. This paper contributes to that dialogue by exploring the documentary-making process of a grassroots organization founded by and for returning citizens and their families, and the contributions it made when it was completed in 1996, and continues to make today. Little is known about how community organizations can use the making of an organizational documentary to build the capacities of the organization, its affiliates, a neighborhood, and social change. By exploring the collaborations and challenges that took place during the local reintegration process back into family and community, the start and completion of the documentary in the mid-1990s was quite innovative. This article analyzes reciprocal tensions of service (Simmel 1908) reflected in the documentary when it was completed in 1996, and its continuing relevance to the growth of returning citizenship today.

摘要越来越多的研究关注前重罪犯或出狱后回国的公民。本文探讨了一个基层组织的纪录片制作过程，该组织由返回的公民及其家人创建，并为他们的家人创建，以及该组织在1996年完成时所做的贡献，并一直持续到今天。关于社区组织如何利用组织纪录片的制作来建立组织、其附属机构、社区和社会变革的能力，人们知之甚少。通过探索在当地重新融入家庭和社区的过程中发生的合作和挑战，这部纪录片在20世纪90年代中期的开始和完成是非常创新的。本文分析了1996年纪录片完成时所反映的服务的相互紧张关系（Simmel 1908），以及它与当今回归公民身份的增长的持续相关性。

引用次数: 0

THE BODY, THE STRANGER, AND CORDON MINORITAIRE 尸体、陌生人和柯德·米诺里泰尔

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X20000272

Farid Asey

Abstract Canada is touted as a diverse, tolerant, and multicultural country where the prevailing understanding is that racial injustices emanating from structural oppression are not widespread. Analysing lived experiences of racialized participants who worked in publicly funded places of employment in British Columbia (BC), this qualitative study offers a phenomenological exploration of a particular manifestation of racial discrimination: that of quarantine-like containment of mobility at work. Examining undue restrictions and mobility limitations imposed on participants, this article will use three metaphors—stranger for racialized individuals, body for workplaces, and cordon minoritaire as the process of containing the mobility of strangers within the body—to present and discuss findings on: 1) excessive targeted scrutiny; 2) wrongful seating arrangements; 3) cold and transactional interactions; and, 4) bad faith references. In this regard, cordon minoritaire is presented as a novel analytical framework to illustrate the ways in which racialized workers were cordoned off, with their professional freedoms and career mobilities restricted, in order to quarantine White ecosystems of employment. Consequently, cordon minoritaire machinations created perniciously unequal conditions that fundamentally and unjustly constrained participants into working under discriminatory conditions—depravities that are at odds with whimsical notions of Canada as tolerant, multicultural, and morally superior to its neighbour south of the border.

摘要加拿大被吹捧为一个多元化、宽容和多元文化的国家，人们普遍认为结构性压迫造成的种族不公正现象并不普遍。这项定性研究分析了在不列颠哥伦比亚省公共资助的工作场所工作的种族化参与者的生活经历，对种族歧视的一种特殊表现形式进行了现象学探索：对工作中流动性的隔离式遏制。通过研究对参与者施加的过度限制和行动限制，本文将使用三个隐喻——陌生人代表种族化的个人，身体代表工作场所，以及警戒线作为将陌生人的行动限制在身体内的过程——来呈现和讨论以下发现：1）过度的有针对性的审查；2）座位安排不当；3）冷交互和事务交互；以及，4）恶意引用。在这方面，少数人警戒线是一个新颖的分析框架，用来说明种族化工人被封锁的方式，他们的职业自由和职业流动性受到限制，以隔离白人的就业生态系统。因此，封锁少数民族的阴谋创造了极其不平等的条件，从根本上不公正地限制参与者在歧视性条件下工作——这种堕落与加拿大宽容、多元文化、道德优越于边境以南邻国的异想天开的观念相矛盾。

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引用次数: 0

“GOOD, BETTER, BEST” “好，更好，最好”

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-25 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X20000284

A. Cherlin

Abstract Turner Station, Maryland, is a century-old African American neighborhood just east of Baltimore that housed the families of workers who were employed at a nearby steel plant from the founding of the community in the early 1900s until the plant closed in 2012. Its story provides a window into the lives of the understudied Black working-class during the peak decades of industrial employment and the ensuing decades of decline. Long-time residents recall a vibrant, self-sufficient community with a heterogeneous class structure, produced in part by residential restrictions and employment discrimination that constrained professionals such as physicians and teachers to reside and to practice or work in the neighborhood. They report a high level of collective efficacy and joint responsibility for childrearing. Current and former residents describe a strong emphasis on education as a means of upward mobility. As levels of education rose and residential opportunities opened, the children of the mid-century steelworkers left Turner Station for other communities in the metropolitan area and beyond. As out migration continued, the community suffered a decline: virtually all of the businesses are gone, vacant homes are common, and a more transient population has moved in. The members of the Turner Station diaspora still cherish the memory of the neighborhood, even as many have moved on and up. Their achievements show what happened when a generation of African Americans were given access to decent-paying jobs that did not require a college education—a degree of access that no longer exists because of the decline of industrial employment in the Baltimore region and elsewhere.

马里兰州特纳站(Turner Station)是一个有着百年历史的非裔美国人社区，位于巴尔的摩以东，从20世纪初社区成立到2012年工厂关闭，这里就住着附近一家钢铁厂的工人家庭。它的故事为我们提供了一扇窗口，让我们了解未被充分研究的黑人工人阶级在工业就业高峰时期和随后几十年的衰退时期的生活。长期居住在这里的居民回忆起一个充满活力、自给自足的社区，这个社区有着异质的阶级结构，部分原因是居住限制和就业歧视，限制了医生和教师等专业人士在附近居住、执业或工作。他们报告说，在养育子女方面，他们具有很高的集体效能和共同责任。现在和以前的居民都非常强调教育是向上流动的一种手段。随着教育水平的提高和居住机会的开放，上世纪中叶钢铁工人的孩子们离开了特纳车站，前往大都会地区和其他地区的其他社区。随着我们移民的继续，这个社区遭受了衰退:几乎所有的企业都消失了，空置的房子很常见，更多的流动人口搬进来。特纳车站散居的居民们仍然怀念着这个社区，尽管许多人已经搬走了。他们的成就表明，当一代非裔美国人获得不需要大学教育就能获得高薪工作的机会时发生了什么——由于巴尔的摩地区和其他地方工业就业的下降，这种程度的机会已经不复存在。

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引用次数: 0

FURTHER DEFENSE OF THE RACIALIZATION CONCEPT 进一步为种族化概念辩护

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X21000254

Adam Hochman

Abstract In my article, Racialization: A Defense of the Concept, I argue that ‘race’ fails as an analytic category and that we should think in terms of ‘racialization’ and ‘racialized groups’ instead. I define these concepts and defend them against a range of criticisms. In Rethinking Racialization: The Analytical Limits of Racialization, Deniz Uyan critiques my “theory of racialization”. However, I do not defend a theory of racialization; I defend the concept of racialization. I argue that racialization is a useful idea, but I do not advance a theory to explain or predict the phenomena it describes. While Uyan’s critique therefore misses its mark, it raises important questions about the explanatory scope of the racialization concept. Ironically, I may be even more skeptical of the prospects of any general theory of racialization than Uyan. I argue that while we ought to develop theories to explain particular instances of racialization, we should not develop a general theory of racialization, because it is simply too varied in its agents and their intents, the mechanisms through which it operates, and the outcomes it produces. While hope for any general theory of racialisation should be abandoned, I argue that the racialisation concept is still extremely useful. It offers a necessary alternative to race realist concepts, allowing us to point to the wide-ranging effects of belief in race without falsely implying that race itself is real. Uyan does not focus on my arguments against racial realism. However, the theoretical failures and normative risks of racial realism motivate my defense of the racialization concept. In this paper, I reiterate my arguments against racial realism and offer further defense of the concepts of ‘racialization’ and ‘racialized group’.

在我的文章《种族化:为这个概念辩护》中，我认为“种族”作为一个分析范畴是失败的，我们应该从“种族化”和“种族化群体”的角度来思考。我定义了这些概念，并针对各种批评为它们辩护。在《重新思考种族化:种族化的分析极限》一书中，丹尼斯·乌扬对我的“种族化理论”进行了批判。然而，我并不为种族化理论辩护;我为种族化的概念辩护。我认为种族化是一个有用的想法，但我并没有提出一个理论来解释或预测它所描述的现象。虽然乌扬的批评因此没有击中要害，但它提出了关于种族化概念的解释范围的重要问题。具有讽刺意味的是，我可能比乌扬更怀疑任何一般种族化理论的前景。我认为，虽然我们应该发展理论来解释种族化的特定实例，但我们不应该发展一个种族化的一般理论，因为它在代理人和他们的意图、运作机制以及产生的结果方面变化太大了。虽然应该放弃对任何种族化的一般理论的希望，但我认为种族化的概念仍然非常有用。它为种族现实主义概念提供了一个必要的替代方案，使我们能够指出种族信仰的广泛影响，而不会错误地暗示种族本身是真实的。Uyan并没有把重点放在我反对种族现实主义的论点上。然而，种族现实主义的理论失败和规范风险促使我为种族化概念辩护。在本文中，我重申了我反对种族现实主义的观点，并为“种族化”和“种族化群体”的概念提供了进一步的辩护。

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引用次数: 6

THOSE LEFT BEHIND: Socioeconomic Predictors and Social Mediators of Psychological Distress among Working-age African Americans in a Post-industrial City. 被遗忘者：后工业化城市工作年龄非裔美国人心理压力的社会经济预测因素和社会调解因素》（THOSE LEFT BEHIND: Socioeconomic Predictors and Social Mediators of Psychological Distress among Working-age African Americans in a Postindustrial City）。

IF 1.6 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X21000011

Alexis C Dennis

While the socioeconomic status (SES)-psychological distress gradient is well-documented in the social science literature, less attention has been devoted to how this relationship varies within sociodemographic subgroups. I contribute to this small but growing literature by first examining the relationship between multiple dimensions of SES and two measures of psychological distress (depression and anxiety) among working-aged African Americans. I then test whether three social mediators explain the SES-psychological distress relationship, and whether gender modifies these associations and/or the social mediators that shape them. To address these aims, I analyze two waves of population-representative data from the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study (N=685). Data were collected between 2008 and 2010 in the wake of the Great Recession. I utilize structural equation modeling with latent variables to assess these relationships, and test indirect and conditional effects to detect the presence of mediation and/or moderation, respectively. Findings revealed associations between higher total household income and lower levels of depression/anxiety, as well as unemployment and increased depression/anxiety among working age African Americans. Furthermore, higher educational attainment was associated with reduced anxiety, but not depression, in this population. Gender moderated these findings such that unemployment was associated with higher levels of depression/anxiety among women but not men. I also found that trauma mediated the relationship between unemployment and depression/anxiety as well as educational attainment and anxiety. Gender, however, moderated the association between unemployment and depression/anxiety via traumatic events such that the relationship was stronger among women than men. Collectively, these findings contribute to our limited understanding of African Americans' mental health and underscore the importance of how both socioeconomic forces and life course experiences with traumatic events contribute to poor mental health among this population.

虽然社会科学文献对社会经济地位（SES）--心理困扰梯度进行了充分的论证，但较少有人关注这种关系在社会人口亚群体中是如何变化的。我首先研究了在工作年龄的非裔美国人中，社会经济地位的多个维度与两种心理困扰测量指标（抑郁和焦虑）之间的关系，从而为这一规模虽小但不断增长的文献做出了贡献。然后，我检验了三种社会中介因素是否能解释社会经济地位与心理困扰之间的关系，以及性别是否会改变这些关联和/或影响这些关联的社会中介因素。为了实现这些目标，我分析了底特律邻里健康研究（N=685）中两波具有人口代表性的数据。数据收集于 2008 年至 2010 年间，当时正值经济大衰退。我利用潜变量结构方程模型来评估这些关系，并检验间接效应和条件效应，以分别检测中介和/或调节作用的存在。研究结果显示，在工作年龄的非裔美国人中，家庭总收入越高，抑郁/焦虑程度越低，失业率越高，抑郁/焦虑程度越高。此外，在这一人群中，教育程度越高，焦虑程度越低，但抑郁程度却不低。性别调节了这些研究结果，失业与女性抑郁/焦虑水平升高有关，但与男性无关。我还发现，创伤在失业与抑郁/焦虑以及受教育程度与焦虑之间起到了中介作用。然而，性别通过创伤事件调节了失业与抑郁/焦虑之间的关系，因此女性的这种关系要强于男性。总之，这些研究结果有助于我们对非裔美国人心理健康的有限了解，并强调了社会经济力量和生活过程中的创伤事件经历如何导致非裔美国人心理健康状况不佳的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

DBR volume 18 issue 1 Cover and Back matter DBR第18卷第1期封面和封底

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1742058x2100031x

引用次数: 0

DBR volume 18 issue 2 Cover and Front matter DBR第18卷第2期封面和封面问题

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1742058x21000412

L. Bobo, David Mickey-Pabello, Lauren McLaren, Michael C. Dawson

引用次数: 0

IN SEARCH OF A COLOR LINE: AN EXAMINATION OF COLONIAL LAW IN VIRGINIA - CORRIGENDUM 寻找种族界限:弗吉尼亚殖民地法律考察-勘误

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q2 ETHNIC STUDIES

Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X2100014X

L. Hunt

REFERENCES Hunt, Larry L. (2021). In Search of a Color Line: AnExamination of Colonial Law inVirginia.Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race. doi:10.1017/S1742058X21000059. Sweet, James H. (2003). Spanish and Portuguese Influences on Racial Slavery in British North America, 1492–1619. In Collective Degradation: Slavery and the Construction of Race. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Gilder Lehrman Center International Conference at Yale University, New Haven, CT. https://glc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/events/race/Sweet.pdf (accessed June 1, 2021).

参考文献:拉里·l·亨特(2021)。《寻找肤色界线:对殖民法的考察》，弗吉尼亚。杜波依斯评论:种族的社会科学研究。doi: 10.1017 / S1742058X21000059。詹姆斯·h·斯威特(2003)。西班牙和葡萄牙对英属北美种族奴隶制的影响，1492-1619。集体堕落:奴隶制和种族建构。第五届Gilder Lehrman中心国际会议论文集，耶鲁大学，纽黑文，康涅狄格州。https://glc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/events/race/Sweet.pdf(2021年6月1日访问)。

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