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Experimental and CFD analysis of dimple tube parabolic trough solar water heater with various nanofluids 使用各种纳米流体的凹陷管抛物面槽式太阳能热水器的实验和 CFD 分析
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02977-1
M. Arun, Debabrata Barik, Prabhakar Sharma, Ali Etem Gürel, Ümit Ağbulut, Bhaskar Jyoti Medhi, Bhaskor Jyoti Bora

A solar collector is a device used to absorb energy from the sun by collecting solar radiation and turning it into electricity or heat. The material type and coating of a solar collector are utilized to enhance solar energy absorption. This research combines experimental and computational methods to examine the performance of a parabolic-type plate solar water heater (PTSWH). The nanoparticles-DI water at a rate of mass flow (MFR) of 0.5–3.0 kg/min in 0.5 kg/min increments were used in a tube-in-tube heat exchanger featuring dimpled inner tubes with a pressure-to-diameter (P/D) ratio of 3. The researchers examined the fluid flow patterns and heat transfer efficiency in a dimple texture tube using nanoparticles of TiO2, Al2O3, CuO, and SiO2 with a size range of 10–15 nm and a volume concentration (VC) of 0.1–0.5% in increments of 0.1%. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to explore and verify the impact of nanoparticle concentration on the PTSWH. It was revealed that CuO /DI-H2O at a nanoparticles VC of 0.3% and a MFR of 2.5 kg/min yielded the best PTSWH performance. With a nanoparticle concentration of 0.3% and MFR of 2.5 kg/min, the efficiency of PTSWH was increased by approximately 34.3% for TiO2, 32.3% for Al2O3, 38.4% for CuO, and 36.4% for SiO2. The results also show that the solar water heater’s thermal efficiency rose steadily with the rise in MFR. At a MFR of 2.5 kg/min, Cu/DI-H2O was found to have a higher Nusselt number than TiO2/DI-H2O, Al2O3/DI-H2O, and SiO2/DI-H2O, respectively, by 10.5%, 8.2%, and 5%. TiO2/DI-H2O, Al2O3/DI-H2O, Cu/DI-H2O, and SiO2/DI-H2O nanoparticle-coated dimple texturing tubes all had lower friction coefficients than a plain tube did. Finally, a comparison was made between the experimental and simulated data, and the overall variation of ± 3.1% was found to be within an acceptable range.

太阳能集热器是一种通过收集太阳辐射吸收太阳能量并将其转化为电能或热能的装置。太阳能集热器的材料类型和涂层可用于增强太阳能吸收。本研究结合实验和计算方法,对抛物线型平板太阳能热水器(PTSWH)的性能进行了研究。纳米颗粒-DI 水的质量流量(MFR)为 0.5-3.0 kg/min,增量为 0.5 kg/min,被用于管中管热交换器中,该热交换器具有压力与直径(P/D)比为 3 的凹陷内管。研究人员使用尺寸范围为 10-15 纳米、体积浓度 (VC) 为 0.1-0.5% 且增量为 0.1% 的 TiO2、Al2O3、CuO 和 SiO2 纳米粒子,对凹陷纹理管中的流体流动模式和传热效率进行了研究。计算流体动力学(CFD)用于探索和验证纳米粒子浓度对 PTSWH 的影响。结果表明,纳米粒子 VC 值为 0.3% 和 MFR 值为 2.5 kg/min 时,CuO /DI-H2O 的 PTSWH 性能最佳。在纳米粒子浓度为 0.3% 和 MFR 为 2.5 kg/min 的条件下,TiO2 的 PTSWH 效率提高了约 34.3%,Al2O3 提高了 32.3%,CuO 提高了 38.4%,SiO2 提高了 36.4%。结果还显示,太阳能热水器的热效率随着 MFR 的增加而稳步上升。当 MFR 为 2.5 公斤/分钟时,Cu/DI-H2O 的努塞特数分别比 TiO2/DI-H2O、Al2O3/DI-H2O 和 SiO2/DI-H2O 高 10.5%、8.2% 和 5%。TiO2/DI-H2O、Al2O3/DI-H2O、Cu/DI-H2O 和 SiO2/DI-H2O 纳米粒子涂层凹陷纹理管的摩擦系数均低于普通管。最后,对实验数据和模拟数据进行了比较,发现± 3.1%的总体变化在可接受的范围内。
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引用次数: 0
Impression of partial replacement of Fe3+ by Sn4+ ion on structural and magnetic features of NiCuZn nanospinel ferrites Sn4+ 离子部分取代 Fe3+ 对 NiCuZn 纳米磷铁氧体结构和磁性特征的影响
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02974-4
Y. Slimani, M. A. Almessiere, A. Baykal, A. Demir Korkmaz, I. A. Auwal

In the current study, Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2−4xSn3xO4 (Sn → NiCuZn) (x ≤ 0.10) nanospinel ferrites (NSFs) have been fabricated by a citrate sol–gel approach, and their structure, morphology, and magnetic features were investigated via XRD, SEM with EDX, HR-TEM, TEM, and VSM, respectively. Their cubic spinel phase was endorsed from their Rietveld refinement. The products’ DXRD (crystallite sizes) were estimated within the 36–69 nm range. The 10 and 300 K magnetization measurements show ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic behaviors, respectively. The saturation magnetization (Ms) decreases at both temperatures with increasing Sn ratio up to x = 0.06 into the lattice of NSFs but thereafter rises with the additional rise of Sn ratio from 0.06 to 0.10. The alterations of Ms values with Sn substitution have been deliberated via cation redistribution, and changes in the anisotropy constant. Hc value at 10 K almost initially increased for lower Sn content and then decreased at higher Sn content. The coercivity is in reverse proportionality to the particle/crystallite size and domain wall movement of ferromagnetism.

本研究采用柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备了 Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2-4xSn3xO4(Sn → NiCuZn)(x ≤ 0.10)纳米尖晶铁氧体(NSFs),并分别通过 XRD、带 EDX 的扫描电镜、HR-TEM、TEM 和 VSM 对其结构、形貌和磁性特征进行了研究。它们的立方尖晶石相由它们的里特维尔德精炼得到认可。产品的 DXRD(晶粒尺寸)估计在 36-69 nm 范围内。10 K 和 300 K 的磁化测量结果分别显示了铁磁性和超顺磁性。在这两个温度下,NSFs 晶格中的饱和磁化率(Ms)随着锡比(x = 0.06)的增加而降低,但随着锡比(x = 0.06)从 0.06 增加到 0.10,饱和磁化率(Ms)随之升高。Ms值随Sn取代度的变化是通过阳离子的重新分布和各向异性常数的变化来考虑的。10 K 时的 Hc 值最初几乎随着锡含量的降低而增加,然后随着锡含量的增加而降低。矫顽力与铁磁性的颗粒/晶粒大小和畴壁运动成反比。
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引用次数: 0
Formation mechanism of chained and crystallographically oriented pores on n-InP surfaces n-InP 表面链状和晶体取向孔的形成机制
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02973-5
Yana Suchikova, Ihor Bohdanov, Sergii Kovachov, Andriy Lazarenko, Aleksandr A. Popov, Tamara Tsebriienko, Zhakyp Karipbayev, Anatoli I. Popov

This article presents a study of the mechanism of porous space formation on the surface of single-crystal indium phosphide. The dissolution features of crystals of various types of conductivity and crystallographic orientation of the surface are demonstrated. The attention is focused on the formation of pore chain channels on the surface of n-InP (111). The main stages of the pore formation process are highlighted, which are described according to two competing theories—spontaneous seeding and defect–dislocation mechanism.

本文研究了单晶磷化铟表面多孔空间的形成机理。展示了不同导电类型晶体的溶解特征和表面的晶体学取向。研究重点是 n-InP (111) 表面孔链通道的形成。重点介绍了孔隙形成过程的主要阶段,并根据两种相互竞争的理论--自发播种和缺陷-位错机制对其进行了描述。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient electrochemical nano-biosensor based on hydrothermally engineered ultrathin nanostructures of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets for label-free detection of carcinoembryonic antigen 基于六方氮化硼纳米片水热工程超薄纳米结构的高效电化学纳米生物传感器,用于无标记检测癌胚抗原
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02971-7
Kanika Sharma, Nitin K. Puri, Bharti Singh

Advancements in nanostructure engineering have evolved ultrathin geometry and controlled morphology in inorganic layered materials consequently endowing ultrahigh specific surface area, highly permeable mass transport channels, and bio-compatible, bio-sensitive, bio-selective sites that render them appealing candidate as nano-biosensor. In the present work, engineered nanostructures of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) were harnessed as electroanalytical sensing platform for label-free detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The cytotoxicity analysis carried using MTT assay on the HEK 293 human cell line revealed the bio-compatible nature of ultrathin h-BNNS. Structural and morphological studies of h-BNNS nanostructures were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, and UV–visible spectroscopic techniques. Further, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique was employed at low DC potential (20 V) to fabricate micro-electrodes of h-BNNS onto hydrolysed indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. Hydrothermally exfoliated ultrathin h-BNNS terminated with –OH, –NH, and –BH groups specifically crosslinks as well as anchors monoclonal antibodies of CEA by utilising synergy of EDC-NHS and BSA corroborated by FT-IR and diffusivity measurement. Under optimised working condition, nano-biosensor exhibited highly sensitive response (24.84 μA mL/ng/cm2) and remarkable lower limit of detection (LOD) of 22.5 pg/mL with correlation coefficient of 0.99988 in a wide physiological range from 0 to 50 ng/mL. As-fabricated nano-biosensor displayed negligible cross-reactivity, excellent shelf life, and great clinical performance for detection of CEA in human serum samples.

纳米结构工程学的进步发展了无机层状材料的超薄几何形状和可控形态,从而赋予了它们超高的比表面积、高渗透性质量传输通道以及生物相容性、生物敏感性和生物选择性,使它们成为纳米生物传感器的理想候选材料。在本研究中,六方氮化硼纳米片(h-BNNS)工程纳米结构被用作电分析传感平台,用于无标记检测癌胚抗原(CEA)。利用 MTT 法对 HEK 293 人类细胞系进行的细胞毒性分析表明,超薄 h-BNNS 具有生物相容性。通过 XRD、SEM、TEM、拉曼和紫外可见光谱技术研究了 h-BNNS 纳米结构的结构和形态。此外,还采用电泳沉积(EPD)技术在低直流电位(20 V)下在水解铟锡氧化物(ITO)玻璃基底上制造了 h-BNNS 微电极。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扩散系数测量,利用 EDC-NHS 和 BSA 的协同作用,以 -OH、-NH 和 -BH 基团为端基的氢化剥离超薄 h-BNNS 可特异性交联并锚定 CEA 的单克隆抗体。在优化的工作条件下,纳米生物传感器表现出高灵敏度响应(24.84 μA mL/ng/cm2)和显著的检测下限(LOD)22.5 pg/mL,在 0 至 50 ng/mL 的宽生理范围内相关系数为 0.99988。经制备的纳米生物传感器在检测人体血清样本中的 CEA 时可忽略交叉反应,具有极佳的保存期限和良好的临床性能。
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引用次数: 0
Highlight on commercial SERS substrates and on optimized nanorough large-area SERS-based sensors: a Raman study 商用 SERS 基底和优化的纳米大面积 SERS 传感器上的亮点:拉曼研究
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02972-6
M. Rahmani, P. Taugeron, A. Rousseau, N. Delorme, L. Douillard, L. Duponchel, J.-F. Bardeau

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful non-invasive technique to detect and identify molecule traces. The accurate identification of molecules is based on the detection of distinctive vibrational modes characteristic of a molecule adsorbed onto the surface. We investigated the detection performances of three commercial SERS substrates: nanostructured Au supports from Hamamatsu, Premium Ag–Au supports from SERSitive, and RAM–SERS–Au from Ocean Insight, which were tested with solutions of thiophenol (C6H6S) at 10–6 M and 10–8 M concentration. SERS measurements were performed systematically with 633 and 785 nm excitation wavelengths and Raman mappings were recorded randomly on the surfaces. The spectral quality (baseline intensity and signal-to-noise ratio), the thermal stability under laser illumination, and the Raman intensity distribution of the Hamamatsu substrate and our own fabricated gold substrate were discussed for the detection of 10–8 M thiophenol molecules. The detection of crystal violet (CV), a toxic dye, is demonstrated at 5.10–9 M.

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是一种检测和识别分子痕迹的强大的非侵入性技术。分子的准确识别基于对吸附在表面上的分子的独特振动模式的检测。我们研究了三种商用 SERS 基底的检测性能:Hamamatsu 公司的纳米结构金衬底、SERSitive 公司的 Premium Ag-Au 衬底和 Ocean Insight 公司的 RAM-SERS-Au,并用 10-6 M 和 10-8 M 浓度的苯硫酚(C6H6S)溶液进行了测试。用 633 和 785 nm 的激发波长系统地进行了 SERS 测量,并在表面随机记录了拉曼映射。讨论了 Hamamatsu 基底和我们自己制作的金基底在检测 10-8 M 硫苯酚分子时的光谱质量(基线强度和信噪比)、激光照射下的热稳定性以及拉曼强度分布。在检测 5.10-9 M 的有毒染料水晶紫 (CV) 时进行了演示。
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引用次数: 0
Green synthesis and characterization of honey-mediated silver nanoparticles 蜂蜜介导的银纳米粒子的绿色合成与表征
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02969-1
Sorrel Godinho Barbosa de Souza, Kárita Juliana Sousa Silva, Márcia Mourão Ramos Azevedo, Alan Kelbis Oliveira Lima, Hugo de Campos Braga, Dayane Batista Tada, Kashif Gul, Sumeet Malik, Gerson Nakazato, Paulo Sérgio Taube

This study evaluated the physicochemical parameters of different honey samples produced in the lower Amazon region, including pH, soluble solids content, moisture, reducing sugars, and phenolic and biochemical compounds such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The honeys with better antimicrobial activities were used to synthesize green silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). Most of the samples did not meet Brazilian standards for one or more physical–chemical parameters, but they did show high antioxidant activity and levels of phenolic compounds above 30 mgGA100g−1. Approximately 50% of the honey samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one microorganism tested (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Candida kruzei). The synthesized AgNPs had a negative Zeta potential, and Ag-NP-14 and Ag-NP-15 had smaller hydrodynamic diameters (DH) and polydispersion index (PdI). The Ag-NPs demonstrated bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the green synthesis of Ag-NPs using different honeys could be an efficient and economical alternative to combat multiresistant bacteria. Green synthesis of nanoparticles, including silver nanoparticles, is a novel approach that involves using natural and eco-friendly sources, such as plant extracts, microorganisms, or natural compounds, to reduce and stabilize metal ions into nanoscale particles. The novelty of this method lies in its sustainable and environmentally friendly nature, avoiding the use of hazardous chemicals typically employed in traditional synthesis methods.

本研究评估了亚马逊河下游地区生产的不同蜂蜜样品的理化参数,包括 pH 值、可溶性固体含量、水分、还原糖、酚类和生化化合物(如抗氧化和抗菌活性)。抗菌活性较好的蜂蜜被用于合成绿色银纳米粒子(Ag-NPs)。大多数蜂蜜样品的一个或多个物理化学参数不符合巴西标准,但它们的抗氧化活性较高,酚类化合物含量超过 30 mgGA100g-1。约 50%的蜂蜜样品对至少一种受测微生物(金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和克鲁兹念珠菌)具有抗菌活性。合成的 AgNPs 具有负 Zeta 电位,Ag-NP-14 和 Ag-NP-15 具有较小的水动力直径(DH)和多分散指数(PdI)。Ag-NPs 对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑菌和杀菌活性。因此,利用不同的蜂蜜绿色合成 Ag-NPs 可以成为一种高效、经济的抗多重耐药性细菌的替代方法。纳米粒子(包括银纳米粒子)的绿色合成是一种新方法,涉及利用天然和生态友好型资源,如植物提取物、微生物或天然化合物,将金属离子还原并稳定为纳米级粒子。这种方法的新颖之处在于其可持续和环保的性质,避免了传统合成方法中通常使用的有害化学物质。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of wastewater dye using Ag–CdO-based nanocomposites surface modified with polyaniline 使用聚苯胺表面修饰的 Ag-CdO 基纳米复合材料处理废水染料
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02968-2
Tibebu Alemu, Lemessa B. Merga, Alemi Amente, Girmaye Asefa

Currently, semiconductor-based photo-catalysis is found to be an effective treatment method for organic pollutant containing wastewater because of its simplest operation, minimal energy-consumption and generate negligible secondary pollutants. In this study, the surface modified Ag–CdO nanocomposites with polyaniline (PANI) (Ag–CdO/PANI NCs) was examined for the photo-degradation of wastewater organic dye [bromophenol blue (BPB)] discharged from Anmol Paper Products PLC, Ethiopia. With this regard, Ag–CdO NCs has prepared by the sol–gel method followed by in-situ oxidative polymerization of PANI, while the surface properties of as-synthesized materials have been investigated by XRD, UV–Vis, SEM and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. Accordingly, the SEM images depicted the surface morphology of Ag–CdO/PANI NCs seems an agglomerated micron-scaled grains with smaller size as compared to CdO nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag–CdO NCs. The FT-IR spectrum showed that the absorption peaks are emerged corresponding to Cd–O, Ag–O and C–N plane deformation in Ag–CdO/PANI NCs. The XRD patterns demonstrated sharp and intensive diffraction peaks attributed to the existence of cubic CdO NPs and Ag–CdO NCs structure revealed the decreased crystalline size from 40.58 to 10.29 nm after Ag–CdO/PANI NCs formation. The most effective photodegradation of wastewater BPB dye has been achieved by Ag–CdO/PANI NCs with degradation efficiency of 98.64% at pH, catalyst load and visible light illumination time of 8, 0.16 g and 180 min, respectively. Thus, Ag–CdO/PANI catalyst could be enumerated as an alternative nanomaterial for the efficient removal of wastewater organic dyes.

目前,基于半导体的光催化技术因其操作简单、能耗低、产生的二次污染物可忽略不计而被认为是处理含有机污染物废水的有效方法。本研究考察了表面修饰的 Ag-CdO 纳米复合材料与聚苯胺(PANI)(Ag-CdO/PANI NCs)对埃塞俄比亚 Anmol Paper Products PLC 公司排放的废水有机染料[溴酚蓝(BPB)]的光降解作用。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备 Ag-CdO NCs,然后对 PANI 进行原位氧化聚合,并通过 XRD、UV-Vis、SEM 和 FT-IR 光谱技术研究了合成材料的表面特性。扫描电镜图像显示,Ag-CdO/PANI NCs 的表面形貌与 CdO 纳米粒子(NPs)和 Ag-CdO NCs 相比,似乎是一种尺寸较小的微米级颗粒团聚。傅立叶变换红外光谱显示,Ag-CdO/PANI NCs 中出现了与 Cd-O、Ag-O 和 C-N 平面变形相对应的吸收峰。XRD 图谱显示出尖锐而密集的衍射峰,这归因于立方 CdO NPs 的存在,Ag-CdO NCs 结构显示出 Ag-CdO/PANI NCs 形成后晶体尺寸从 40.58 纳米减小到 10.29 纳米。在 pH 值、催化剂载量和可见光照射时间分别为 8、0.16 克和 180 分钟时,Ag-CdO/PANI NCs 对废水中的 BPB 染料的光降解效果最好,降解效率为 98.64%。因此,Ag-CdO/PANI 催化剂可作为高效去除废水中有机染料的替代纳米材料。
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引用次数: 0
From catalysis to combat: calix[4]pyrrole-wreathed palladium nanoparticles as ambidextrous tools against cancer and tuberculosis 从催化到抗击:环绕钙[4]吡咯的钯纳米粒子是抗击癌症和结核病的双面工具
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02970-8
Nandan C. Pomal, Keyur D. Bhatt, Anilkumar S. Patel, Monil P. Dholariya, Dinesh S. Kundariya, Jaymin Parikh

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have gained significant importance due to its prodigious properties and applications. To harness the multifaceted applications of PdNPs, we report a facile synthesis of calix[4]pyrrole tetrabenzohydrazide capped-Palladium nanoparticles (CPTBH-PdNPs) through a one-pot synthetic pathway. Comprehensive characterization using UV–Visible spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED), Energy-Dispersive X-ray, X-ray Diffraction, Zeta Potential, and Dynamic Light Scattering techniques confirmed the successful formation of CPTBH-PdNPs. These nanoparticles were employed as catalysts in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions under mild conditions, resulting in efficient bond formations. Furthermore, the CPTBH-PdNPs exhibited remarkable anti-cancer effects against the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, with an IC50 value of 38.86 µg/mL. Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated exceptional efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.8 µg/mL. These findings highlight the multidimensional nature of calix[4]pyrrole capped PdNPs and suggest their potential application as future materials in various fields.

钯纳米粒子(PdNPs)因其卓越的性能和应用而备受重视。为了利用 PdNPs 的多方面应用,我们报告了一种通过一锅合成途径轻松合成钙[4]吡咯四氮杂苯甲酰肼封端钯纳米粒子(CPTBH-PdNPs)的方法。利用紫外-可见光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、能量色散 X 射线、X 射线衍射、Zeta 电位和动态光散射技术进行的综合表征证实了 CPTBH-PdNPs 的成功形成。在温和的条件下,这些纳米粒子被用作催化剂用于铃木-宫浦偶联反应,从而高效地形成了键。此外,CPTBH-PdNPs 对人类乳腺癌细胞系 MDA-MB-231 具有显著的抗癌作用,其 IC50 值为 38.86 µg/mL。此外,这种纳米粒子对结核分枝杆菌也表现出卓越的疗效,其最低抑制浓度 (MIC) 值为 0.8 µg/mL。这些发现凸显了钙[4]吡咯封端的 PdNPs 的多维性,并表明它们有可能作为未来材料应用于各个领域。
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引用次数: 0
N-doped carbon quantum dots obtained by oleylamine through electrochemical routes: structural study and a proof of concept in the employ as a probe for detection of copper through surface-enhanced ultraviolet absorbance (SEUVA) 油胺通过电化学途径获得的掺杂 N 的碳量子点:结构研究以及通过表面增强紫外线吸收(SEUVA)探测铜的概念验证
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02963-7
Luccas L. Name, Laura C. Lieb, Daniel Y. Tiba, Thiago C. Canevari

This work reports the characterization and application of N-doped carbon quantum dots (CdotN) obtained electrochemically from oleylamine as a copper (II) UV probe. It has been observed that copper salts dissolved in ethanol show a well-defined UV absorption band with an apex at 372 nm. Moreover, CdotN as a complexing agent, promotes emerging surface-enhanced ultraviolet absorbance (SEUVA) events that facilitate copper determination. The characterization of CdotN nanomaterial has been performed by FTIR, UV–Vis, Raman spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Differential thermal analysis (DTA), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The detection limit in the standard sample has been assigned as 156 ppb, and the limit of quantification as 312 ppb. The SEUVA technique using CdotN as a probe has been employed to determine copper in real samples present recovery of about 105 and 109%. The copper determination by CdotN did not suffer significantly interfere with other cationic ions or dyes.

这项研究报告了从油胺中电化学获得的 N 掺杂碳量子点(CdotN)作为铜(II)紫外线探针的特性和应用。研究发现,溶解在乙醇中的铜盐显示出一条清晰的紫外吸收带,其顶点在 372 纳米处。此外,CdotN 作为一种络合剂,可促进新出现的表面增强紫外线吸收(SEUVA)事件,从而有助于铜的测定。CdotN 纳米材料的表征方法包括傅立叶变换红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、拉曼光谱、原子力显微镜、透射电子显微镜、差热分析和热重分析。标准样品的检测限为 156 ppb,定量限为 312 ppb。使用以 CdotN 为探针的 SEUVA 技术测定实际样品中的铜,回收率约为 105%和 109%。用 CdotN 测定铜不会受到其他阳离子或染料的明显干扰。
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引用次数: 0
Ferroelectric solid solutions based on (1-x)BaTiO3–xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 with colossal dielectric constant for metamaterial applications 基于具有超大介电常数的 (1-x)BaTiO3-xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 的超材料应用铁电固体溶液
IF 3.674 4区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02964-6
Tetiana Plutenko, Oleg V’yunov, Mykola Ischenko, Maxym Plutenko, Oleksandr Fedorchuk

Barium titanate powders of ~ 50 nm size were pre-synthesized using a hydrothermal technique to lower sintering and calcination temperatures of (1-x)BaTiO3xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 solid solutions. The obtained powders of the solid solutions were analyzed using TEM and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy to indicate their properties. The Rietveld analysis was used to confirm the formation of ferroelectric tetragonal single-phase (1-x)BaTiO3xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 solid solutions. The effects of varying concentrations of Li0.5Bi0.5TiO3 on the structure and dielectric properties were investigated. The unit cell volume decreased with increasing Li and Bi concentration due to the smaller ionic radius of lithium compared to barium. Increasing lithium concentration caused the phase transition in barium titanate to blur, and a liquid phase formed at the grain boundaries, significantly reducing the sintering temperature. Increasing Li and Bi concentration led to a decrease in sintering temperature from 1240 °C (at x = 0.05) to 1100 °C (at x = 0.5).

利用水热技术降低 (1-x)BaTiO3-xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 固溶体的烧结和煅烧温度,预先合成了尺寸约为 50 nm 的钛酸钡粉末。利用 TEM 和 X 射线粉末衍射光谱对获得的固溶体粉末进行了分析,以确定其性质。利用里特维尔德分析法确认了铁电四边形单相 (1-x)BaTiO3-xLi0.5Bi0.5TiO3 固溶体的形成。研究了不同浓度的 Li0.5Bi0.5TiO3 对结构和介电性质的影响。与钡相比,锂的离子半径较小,因此随着锂和铋浓度的增加,单位晶胞体积减小。锂浓度的增加导致钛酸钡的相变模糊,在晶界处形成液相,从而大大降低了烧结温度。锂和铋浓度的增加导致烧结温度从 1240 ℃(x = 0.05 时)降至 1100 ℃(x = 0.5 时)。
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Applied Nanoscience
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