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“And Then COVID Happened…”: The Impact on Ministry and Disability in Local Churches “然后COVID发生了……”:对地方教会事工和残疾的影响
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673x231202052
Erik W. Carter, Allison L. Koehler, Emilee E. Spann, Millicent A. Weber
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引用次数: 0
When God Calls: Temporality in Southern Baptist Calls to Missions 当神呼召:美南浸信会宣教呼召中的时间性
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231186329
Andrew Chalfoun
Researchers studying religious experience have identified callings as a particularly salient context in which believers describe God’s presence. They have noted standard elements that make up call narratives, along with variation in how recipients articulate both the vertical call, God’s intervention in the believer’s life, and the horizontal call, the community’s response. However, how these standard elements are combined to produce culturally resonant narratives remains underexplored. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with Southern Baptist missionaries, the paper describes how arbiters evaluate calls. In (de)legitimating prospective missionaries’ vocational claims, local pastors and administrative staff prospectively anticipate missionaries’ success and tether the call to missionaries’ prior experience. Turning to how missionaries construct call narratives, I identify two distinct modes of narrating one’s calling. I further argue that call narratives’ temporal organization offers a lens through which to explain variation in how missionaries characterize both the horizontal and vertical call. Missionaries marshal their experiences of God’s intervention and of social influence either to accentuate the connectedness of their call to previous experience or to articulate a disjuncture. The findings extend previous research on religious experience by suggesting that temporal claims-making is a key strategy for actors to legitimate private or otherwise unverifiable experience.
研究宗教体验的研究人员发现,呼召是信徒描述上帝存在的一个特别突出的背景。他们注意到构成呼召叙述的标准元素,以及接受者如何表达纵向呼召(神对信徒生活的干预)和横向呼召(社区的回应)的变化。然而,如何将这些标准元素结合起来以产生文化共鸣的叙事仍未得到充分探索。根据对美南浸信会传教士的半结构化采访,论文描述了仲裁者如何评估电话。为了使未来传教士的职业主张合法化,当地牧师和行政人员预期传教士的成功,并将呼召与传教士先前的经验联系起来。谈到传教士如何构建呼召叙事,我确定了两种截然不同的模式来叙述一个人的呼召。我进一步认为呼召叙事的时间组织提供了一个透镜,通过它可以解释传教士如何描述水平呼召和垂直呼召的变化。传教士将他们对上帝的干预和社会影响的经历整理起来,要么强调他们与先前经历的联系,要么阐明一个脱节。这些发现扩展了之前对宗教经验的研究,表明时间上的主张是行为者将私人或其他无法证实的经验合法化的关键策略。
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引用次数: 0
Are Online Congregations Representative? Exploring Resource and Political Differences 在线教会有代表性吗?探索资源和政治差异
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231172138
Paul A. Djupe, C. Gilliland, Shayla F. Olson
Social scientists are paying a growing amount of attention to the online presence of American congregations and not just because of the COVID-19 shutdowns. In part, text-as-data analytic techniques have made religious communication a viable area of study in addition to existing qualitative methods. Given the existing biases in terms of which congregations post sermons online, an important next step is to investigate potential political biases in which congregations are sharing or streaming their services. Drawing on data from the most recent National Congregations Study wave in 2018 to 2019 as well as reports of political content from individuals in a national survey from October 2020, we document the nature of the biases in which congregations are likely to be online and what the political consequences may be. While resources explain some of the likelihood for being online, we also find evidence for a link between more frequent clergy political speech and a higher likelihood of the congregation having an online presence. As scholars take advantage of the accessibility and availability of online worship services and sermons, it is essential to have a better understanding of which congregations they are sampling and lacking.
社会科学家越来越关注美国教会在网上的存在,这不仅仅是因为COVID-19的关闭。在某种程度上,文本即数据分析技术使宗教传播成为除了现有定性方法之外一个可行的研究领域。考虑到现有的关于教会在网上发布布道的偏见,下一步重要的是调查教会分享或流媒体服务的潜在政治偏见。根据2018年至2019年最新的全国会众研究浪潮的数据,以及2020年10月开始的一项全国调查中个人政治内容的报告,我们记录了会众可能上网的偏见的性质,以及可能产生的政治后果。虽然资源解释了一些上网的可能性,但我们也发现了证据,表明神职人员更频繁的政治演讲和会众更有可能上网之间存在联系。当学者们利用在线崇拜服务和布道的可访问性和可用性时,有必要更好地了解他们正在抽样和缺乏哪些会众。
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引用次数: 0
Does Religiosity Buffer the Adverse Mental Health Effects of Work-Family Strain? Examining the Role of an Overlooked Resource 宗教信仰是否能缓冲工作-家庭压力对心理健康的负面影响?检查被忽视的资源的作用
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231171788
Laura Upenieks, Scott Schieman, C. Ellison
North American employees face substantial challenges in managing their work and family lives. Drawing from Hobfoll’s 2001 conservation of resources (COR) theory, work-family scholars have argued that some resources can be effective in buffering conflict in the work-family interface. We analyze data from a national sample of Canadian workers (N = 3,431) to assess how two components of religion/spirituality—religious attendance and divine control—buffer the mental health effects of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC). Results suggest that both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict were associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Our results further reveal that religious attendance buffered the pernicious effects of both WFC and FWC for psychological distress, while divine control only buffered the effects of FWC. These patterns did not appear to differ by gender. Given increasing rates of work-family strain in the North American context, out findings call for a broadening of the literature on the work-family interface, one that takes into consideration the overlooked role of religion and spirituality.
北美员工在管理工作和家庭生活方面面临着重大挑战。根据Hobfoll 2001年的资源守恒(COR)理论,工作家庭学者认为,一些资源可以有效地缓冲工作家庭界面中的冲突。我们分析了加拿大全国工人样本(N = 3431)的数据,以评估宗教/灵性的两个组成部分-宗教出席和神圣控制-如何缓冲工作与家庭冲突(WFC)和家庭与工作冲突(FWC)的心理健康影响。结果表明,工作与家庭的冲突和家庭与工作的冲突都与较高水平的心理困扰有关。我们的研究结果进一步表明,宗教出席可以缓冲WFC和FWC对心理困扰的有害影响,而神性控制只能缓冲FWC的影响。这些模式似乎没有因性别而异。鉴于北美地区工作与家庭之间的紧张关系日益加剧,我们的研究结果呼吁拓宽有关工作与家庭关系的文献,考虑到被忽视的宗教和灵性的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Transcendent Accountability and Pro-Community Attitudes: Assessing the Link Between Religion and Community Engagement 超越问责与亲社区态度:评估宗教与社区参与之间的联系
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231172987
Sung Joon Jang, M. Bradshaw, C. Witvliet, Young-il Kim, Byron R. Johnson, J. Leman
Prior research has established a positive relationship between religiosity and civic engagement but focused on public religiosity rather than private religiosity without explaining the relationship. We examined private religiosity as well as public religiosity in relation to community engagement, explaining the religiosity-community engagement relationship with two understudied mechanisms: “transcendent accountability” (seeing oneself as accountable to God or a higher power for one's influence on other people or the environment) and pro-community attitudes. For this examination, we applied structural equation modeling to analyze data from a nationally representative survey. We found that survey respondents who believed in a higher power, privately practiced devotional prayer and study of religious texts, and attended religious group activities (other than worship services), were more likely to report transcendent accountability to a higher power for their influence on other people and the environment. We also found that transcendent accountability was related positively to pro-community attitudes, which in turn was positively associated with community engagement. The indirect relationships between religiosity and community engagement were mostly significant. In conclusion, both private and public religious behaviors are consequential in the religiosity-civic engagement relationship, and the religiosity-linked virtue of transcendent accountability and its associated pro-community attitudes contribute to civic engagement.
先前的研究已经建立了宗教信仰与公民参与之间的正相关关系,但侧重于公共宗教信仰而不是私人宗教信仰,没有解释这种关系。我们研究了与社区参与相关的私人宗教信仰和公共宗教信仰,用两种尚未得到充分研究的机制解释了宗教信仰与社区参与的关系:“超越问责制”(认为自己对上帝或更高的权力负责,因为自己对他人或环境的影响)和亲社区态度。在这项研究中,我们应用结构方程模型来分析来自全国代表性调查的数据。我们发现,相信更高权力,私下进行虔诚祈祷和宗教文本研究,并参加宗教团体活动(而不是崇拜服务)的调查受访者更有可能报告他们对其他人和环境的影响对更高权力的超越责任。我们还发现,超越问责与亲社区态度呈正相关,而亲社区态度又与社区参与呈正相关。宗教信仰与社区参与之间的间接关系最为显著。总之,私人和公共宗教行为在宗教-公民参与关系中都是重要的,与宗教相关的超越问责的美德及其相关的亲社区态度有助于公民参与。
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引用次数: 0
The New Parochialism? Polish Migrant Catholic Parishes on the Path of Change 新狭隘主义?波兰移民天主教教区在改变的道路上
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231171040
Jakub Isański, Marek Nowak, Jarosław Kozak, J. Eade
The text engages with the ongoing discussion about the role played by religion in social life, with attention paid to transnational dynamics of religiosity in migrants’ individual experiences, expectations and modes of involvement. We concentrate on the research problem: how does the Roman Catholic Church, through the networks of the faithful, facilitate, challenge, and intersect with the adaptation or integration of migrants in their new settings? The study draws on a survey conducted with a sample (n = 620) Polish Catholics in Great Britain in 2019. With the cluster analysis, we distinguished five categories of participants in parish life. The results of the study concern the declared expectations of the respondents in the confessional and non-confessional (charity, leisure, tourist, or cultural) activities. It shows two paths of respondents’ religious experience: the old parochialism and the new one. The first attitude, represents a general religious-community context, while the second one emphasizes socio-cultural background and cooperative style of work based on associations and goals-achievement. Our findings concern the socio-cultural specificity of migrants resulting from belonging to migrant parishes outside Poland and how this specificity can be juxtaposed with information concerning mainstream Catholic parishes in Great Britain.
本文涉及正在进行的关于宗教在社会生活中所起作用的讨论,并关注移民个人经历、期望和参与模式中宗教信仰的跨国动态。我们专注于研究问题:罗马天主教会如何通过信徒网络,促进、挑战和与移民在新环境中的适应或融合?该研究基于2019年在英国对620名波兰天主教徒进行的一项抽样调查。通过聚类分析,我们将堂区生活的参与者分为五类。研究结果涉及受访者在忏悔和非忏悔(慈善、休闲、旅游或文化)活动中所宣称的期望。它显示了被调查者宗教体验的两条路径:旧的狭隘和新的狭隘。第一种态度代表了一般的宗教社区背景,而第二种态度强调社会文化背景和基于协会和目标实现的合作工作方式。我们的研究结果涉及来自波兰以外移民教区的移民的社会文化特殊性,以及这种特殊性如何与英国主流天主教教区的信息并置。
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引用次数: 1
Burnout Among Pastors in Relation to Congregation Member and Church Organizational Outcomes 牧师职业倦怠与会众及教会组织成果之关系
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231176075
Crystal B. Fulmer, R. Sinclair
Burnout among pastors poses a threat to local church health and ministry vitality. This study examined how pastor job burnout relates to measures of church organizational health. Specifically, the current study examined the relationships between pastor job burnout and (a) intrinsic and extrinsic religiousness of worship service attenders and (b) church organizational health: financial stability and pastor turnover intentions. These relationships were studied using data from the U.S. Congregational Life Survey (USCLS) collected during 2008 to 2009. Participants were sampled across Catholic and Protestant Christian denominations, and a small proportion of participants represented other religious traditions. Analyses indicated that pastor burnout was negatively related to two measures of attenders’ extrinsic religiousness: sense of belonging and participation, but not intrinsic religiousness. Churches with higher average pastor burnout had lower ratings of financial stability. Pastor burnout was positively related to pastor turnover intentions. Social support from the congregation weakened the relationship between pastor job burnout and turnover intentions. The current study can be used to inform church leaders, members, and denominational boards. These findings demonstrate that efforts to prevent and reduce pastor burnout would benefit the entire church organization.
牧师的倦怠对地方教会的健康和事工的活力构成威胁。本研究探讨牧师工作倦怠与教会组织健康的关系。具体而言,本研究考察了牧师工作倦怠与(a)礼拜服务参与者的内在和外在宗教虔诚度以及(b)教会组织健康:财务稳定和牧师离职意愿之间的关系。这些关系是使用2008年至2009年收集的美国会众生活调查(USCLS)数据进行研究的。参与者来自天主教和基督教新教教派,一小部分参与者代表其他宗教传统。分析发现,牧师职业倦怠与出席者外在宗教性的归属感和参与感负相关,而与内在宗教性不相关。牧师平均精疲力竭程度较高的教会,其财务稳定性评级也较低。牧师职业倦怠与牧师离职意向正相关。来自会众的社会支持削弱了牧师工作倦怠与离职意向之间的关系。目前的研究可以用来通知教会领袖,成员,和教派理事会。这些发现表明,努力预防和减少牧师的职业倦怠将有利于整个教会组织。
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引用次数: 0
Timothy O. Benedict, Spiritual Ends: Religion and the Heart of Dying in Japan 蒂莫西·o·本尼迪克特,《精神终结:日本的宗教与死亡之心》
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231179119
Amy Lawton
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引用次数: 0
Anticipating Sabbath Predicts Higher Quality Sleep: A Longitudinal Adventist Study 期待安息日预示着更高质量的睡眠:一项纵向复临研究
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231173398
Katie Viehmann-Wical, Jerry W Lee, S. Wiafe, Matheni Sathananthan, Anna Nelson
High-quality sleep is essential for a healthy long life. Low-quality sleep is an unrecognized worldwide epidemic. To determine whether: (a) individuals who positively viewed that “the Sabbath brings rest” report higher-quality sleep in the future, (b) individuals who avoided secular activities on Sabbath report higher-quality sleep in the future, (c) moderation analysis identified the significant covariates effect of Sabbath rest on sleep disturbance, and (d) mediation clarified the covariate relationships of the two independent variables (Sabbath rest and secular activities). A generalized linear model was used for analysis. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Less than 5% of total data was missing before imputation in this longitudinal, prospective-design study. Total sleep disturbance (TSD) in wave 2 predicted Sabbath rest from wave 1, p = .010. Results showed that participants who believed that “the Sabbath brings rest” had significantly less TSD overall, 4 years in the future. All ages, ethnicities, and genders benefited from Sabbath rest. None of the covariates lost significance for Sabbath rest. Anticipating a weekly Sabbath appears to improve longterm sleep quality, and therefore potentially contributes to long-term health benefits.
高质量的睡眠对健康长寿至关重要。低质量睡眠是一种未被认识到的世界性流行病。为了确定:(a)积极认为“安息日带来休息”的个体未来是否报告更高质量的睡眠,(b)避免安息日世俗活动的个体未来是否报告更高质量的睡眠,(c)适度分析确定了安息日休息对睡眠障碍的显著协变量影响,(d)中介澄清了两个自变量(安息日休息和世俗活动)的协变量关系。采用广义线性模型进行分析。缺失数据采用多重插值。在这项纵向的前瞻性研究中,在输入之前,总数据的缺失率不到5%。波2的总睡眠障碍(TSD)预测波1的安息日休息,p = 0.010。结果显示,相信“安息日带来休息”的参与者在未来4年的总体创伤后应激障碍显著减少。所有年龄、种族和性别都受益于安息日休息。没有一个协变量对安息日休息失去意义。预计每周有一次安息日似乎可以改善长期睡眠质量,因此可能对长期健康有益。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Peer Review: Recommendations for Reviewers and Authors 同行评议的重要性:对审稿人和作者的建议
IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0034673x231178990
P. Herzog
This editorial provides an overview of the importance of peer reviewing, generally and to the Review of Religious Research journal. Several practical recommendations are offered to reviewers. Following these practices will aid reviewers in communicating their feedback clearly to the editor and having it received well by authors. Additionally, several practical recommendations are offered to authors. Following these practices will aid authors in successfully responding to reviewers and communicating their thorough and thoughtful revisions. Peer reviewing is an important activity that advances knowledge and supports the academic community. The Review of Religious Research editorial team thanks its reviewers and authors for treating this process with integrity, sincerity, and authenticity. The journal invites experienced and emerging scholars to serve as reviewers. Whether new or experienced, this editorial provides reviewer and author recommendations for a successful process.
这篇社论概述了同行评议的重要性,并对《宗教研究评论》杂志进行了概述。为审稿人提供了一些实用的建议。遵循这些做法将有助于审稿人向编辑清楚地传达他们的反馈,并使其得到作者的良好接受。此外,还为作者提供了一些实用的建议。遵循这些做法将有助于作者成功地回应审稿人,并传达他们彻底和深思熟虑的修改。同行评议是促进知识发展和支持学术共同体的重要活动。《宗教研究评论》编辑团队感谢其审稿人和作者以正直、真诚和真实的态度对待这一过程。本刊邀请有经验的学者和新兴学者担任审稿人。无论是新的还是有经验的,这篇社论为一个成功的过程提供了审稿人和作者的建议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Review of Religious Research
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