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Robots and employment: A review 机器人与就业：综述
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12417
Shahab SHARFAEI

Rapid advances in robotics signal a scientific breakthrough that could have major implications for the world economy and the field of economics. This article reviews recent literature on this topic to examine the evidence from two perspectives. First, I critically review the theoretical literature on the effects of robot adoption on employment and analyse the capacity of different theories to describe these influences. Second, I evaluate the current empirical evidence regarding the impact of robot technology on the economy in terms of employment and reshoring. This exercise highlights the limitations in the literature and points to avenues for future research.

机器人技术的飞速发展预示着一项科学突破，可能对世界经济和经济学领域产生重大影响。本文回顾了有关这一主题的最新文献，从两个角度研究了相关证据。首先，我批判性地回顾了有关机器人应用对就业影响的理论文献，并分析了不同理论描述这些影响的能力。其次，我评估了当前有关机器人技术在就业和再生产方面对经济影响的经验证据。这项工作强调了文献的局限性，并指出了未来研究的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information – TOC 发行信息 - TOC
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12392
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information – TOC 发行信息 - TOC
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12369
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引用次数: 0
Editorial reviewers 编审
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12415
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引用次数: 0
Equality within Our Lifetimes: How Laws and Policies Can Close - or Widen - Gender Gaps in Economies Worldwide, by Jody Heymann, Aleta Sprague and Amy Raub 在我们有生之年实现平等：Jody Heymann、Aleta Sprague 和 Amy Raub 著，《法律和政策如何缩小--或扩大--全球经济中的性别差距》（How laws and policies Can Close - or Widen - Gender Gaps in Economies Worldwide）。
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12411
Shauna Olney
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引用次数: 0
A Modern Guide to the Informal Economy, by Colin C. Williams 非正规经济现代指南》，科林-C-威廉姆斯著
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12413
Michael Rogan
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引用次数: 0
What about us? A vignette study explaining training preferences by contract type and skill specificity 我们怎么办？按合同类型和技能特殊性解释培训偏好的小故事研究
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12414
Ferry KOSTER

This article presents a vignette experiment conducted in the Netherlands to study workers’ training preferences. Human capital theory, signalling theory and insights from the “new employment relationship” inform the hypothesis that training preferences depend on the specificity of the skills targeted by training in combination with employment contract type. The results confirm this hypothesis and indicate that, although workers on open-ended contracts have a stronger relative preference for organization-specific skills than temporary workers - who have a stronger relative preference for general skills - all workers prefer training aimed at general over organization-specific skills. Workers on temporary contracts are moreover found to receive less training in practice than they would like.

本文介绍了荷兰为研究工人的培训偏好而开展的一项小实验。人力资本理论、信号理论和对 "新雇佣关系 "的理解为我们提出了一个假设，即培训偏好取决于培训目标技能的特殊性和雇佣合同类型。研究结果证实了这一假设，并表明，尽管与临时工相比，无固定期限合同工对组织特定技能的相对偏好更高（临时工对一般技能的相对偏好更高），但所有工人都更喜欢针对一般技能的培训，而不是针对组织特定技能的培训。此外，还发现临时合同工实际接受的培训比他们希望的要少。
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引用次数: 0
The Quantified Worker: Law and Technology in the Modern Workplace, by Ifeoma Ajunwa 量化的工人：现代工作场所的法律与技术》，作者：Ifeoma Ajunwa
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12410
Antonio Aloisi
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引用次数: 0
Skills and employment transitions in Brazil 巴西的技能和就业转型
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12412
Willian ADAMCZYK, Philipp EHRL, Leonardo MONASTERIO

This article introduces two methods to derive internationally comparable skill and occupational distance measures based on machine learning and natural language processing techniques. We apply these measures to produce descriptive facts about employment transitions and workers’ wage distribution in Brazil using all formal labour contracts registered in the period 2003-18. Our findings indicate that workers who use non-routine cognitive skills intensively are better off in terms of employment, wages and switching occupation. Overall, we observe signs of routine-biased technological change and employment polarization following the Brazilian economic crisis of 2014.

本文介绍了两种基于机器学习和自然语言处理技术的国际可比技能和职业距离测量方法。我们运用这些测量方法，利用 2003-18 年间登记的所有正式劳动合同，得出了巴西就业过渡和工人工资分配的描述性事实。我们的研究结果表明，密集使用非日常认知技能的工人在就业、工资和职业转换方面都更有优势。总体而言，我们观察到在 2014 年巴西经济危机之后，出现了偏向常规的技术变革和就业两极分化的迹象。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information – TOC 问题信息-TOC
IF 1.5 4区 管理学 Q1 ECONOMICS
International Labour Review
Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/ilr.12368
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引用次数: 0
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