Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903001
Reem Alshamsi
Abstract The effectiveness of the Financial Action Task Force ( FATF ) international regime to govern anti-money laundering ( AML ) and counterterrorist financing ( CTF ) has been questioned since its establishment. In theory, the FATF ’s network of multilevel actors should protect the integrity of the international financial system. The empirical evidence in this article shows that the FATF has made a difference in ensuring states’ (official) compliance with its measures, using extrinsic motivation tools; for example, ranking noncompliant states. However, it argues that such motivation only ensures actors’ minimum compliance, meaning that the regime’s effectiveness is suboptimal, while fostering intrinsic motivation would improve actors’ performance. Therefore, it is essential to understand why actors comply with the FATF approach and how they could be persuaded to achieve better compliance so that the regime’s effectiveness is feasible. This article explores these questions, using interviews with thirty practitioners in three locations, supported by a qualitative analysis of documentary data.
{"title":"The Role of Extrinsic Motivation in Securing Actors’ Compliance with the International Anti-Money Laundering/Counterterrorist Financing Regime","authors":"Reem Alshamsi","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effectiveness of the Financial Action Task Force ( FATF ) international regime to govern anti-money laundering ( AML ) and counterterrorist financing ( CTF ) has been questioned since its establishment. In theory, the FATF ’s network of multilevel actors should protect the integrity of the international financial system. The empirical evidence in this article shows that the FATF has made a difference in ensuring states’ (official) compliance with its measures, using extrinsic motivation tools; for example, ranking noncompliant states. However, it argues that such motivation only ensures actors’ minimum compliance, meaning that the regime’s effectiveness is suboptimal, while fostering intrinsic motivation would improve actors’ performance. Therefore, it is essential to understand why actors comply with the FATF approach and how they could be persuaded to achieve better compliance so that the regime’s effectiveness is feasible. This article explores these questions, using interviews with thirty practitioners in three locations, supported by a qualitative analysis of documentary data.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903002
Rebecca Barber
Abstract In April 2022 the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 76/262, agreeing that every time a veto was cast in the Security Council, the Assembly would meet and consider the matter on which that veto was cast. Since then, Resolution 76/262 has provided the platform for four General Assembly special sessions. Drawing on those sessions, this article assesses the success of Resolution 76/262 according to the two objectives articulated by states at the time of its introduction: increasing the accountability of the Council; and prompting the Assembly to itself take action when the Council fails. In assessing the success of the veto initiative against this second criterion, this article also considers the difference between the special sessions convened pursuant to the Assembly’s Uniting for Peace Resolution, and those convened pursuant to Resolution 76/262. It finds that the latter are not yet being utilized to their full potential.
{"title":"An Early Assessment of the General Assembly’s 2022 Veto Initiative","authors":"Rebecca Barber","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In April 2022 the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 76/262, agreeing that every time a veto was cast in the Security Council, the Assembly would meet and consider the matter on which that veto was cast. Since then, Resolution 76/262 has provided the platform for four General Assembly special sessions. Drawing on those sessions, this article assesses the success of Resolution 76/262 according to the two objectives articulated by states at the time of its introduction: increasing the accountability of the Council; and prompting the Assembly to itself take action when the Council fails. In assessing the success of the veto initiative against this second criterion, this article also considers the difference between the special sessions convened pursuant to the Assembly’s Uniting for Peace Resolution, and those convened pursuant to Resolution 76/262. It finds that the latter are not yet being utilized to their full potential.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903004
Dennis Niemann, David Krogmann, Kerstin Martens
Abstract Recent challenges to the liberal international order ( LIO ) have called into question the efficacy of international organizations ( IO s) in global governance. However, it remains unclear if the anticipated crisis of the LIO affects all policy fields to the same degree. Based on organizational ecology, this article seeks to explain compositions and trajectories across three fields—climate, education, and health. It shows that the three subpopulations of IO s are stable since the early 2000s, while regional IO s constitute a significant share of the subpopulations. It further finds notable variation in the distribution of generalist and specialist IO s. While the number of generalist IO s in relation to specialist health IO s decreased over time, the article finds generalist education and climate IO s have been on the rise. It argues that—as policy issues grow ever more interconnected over time— IO s expand their thematic scopes to new niches.
{"title":"Torn into the Abyss?","authors":"Dennis Niemann, David Krogmann, Kerstin Martens","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent challenges to the liberal international order ( LIO ) have called into question the efficacy of international organizations ( IO s) in global governance. However, it remains unclear if the anticipated crisis of the LIO affects all policy fields to the same degree. Based on organizational ecology, this article seeks to explain compositions and trajectories across three fields—climate, education, and health. It shows that the three subpopulations of IO s are stable since the early 2000s, while regional IO s constitute a significant share of the subpopulations. It further finds notable variation in the distribution of generalist and specialist IO s. While the number of generalist IO s in relation to specialist health IO s decreased over time, the article finds generalist education and climate IO s have been on the rise. It argues that—as policy issues grow ever more interconnected over time— IO s expand their thematic scopes to new niches.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903007
Jorge Antonio Pérez-Pineda
Abstract In 2019, the Second High-Level UN Conference on South-South Cooperation was held, revitalizing South-South and triangular cooperation. It was intended to incorporate the principal advances in the international agenda on the effectiveness of aid, financing, and the 2030 Agenda, which is the framework of this article. From an analytical perspective, the aim is to identify the main challenges posed by the conference for the private sector in its connection with South-South and triangular cooperation in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, which require multistakeholder approaches in a postpandemic context of international crisis. Three levels of challenges are identified: programmatic, operational, and general.
{"title":"The Private Sector and the 2030 Agenda","authors":"Jorge Antonio Pérez-Pineda","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2019, the Second High-Level UN Conference on South-South Cooperation was held, revitalizing South-South and triangular cooperation. It was intended to incorporate the principal advances in the international agenda on the effectiveness of aid, financing, and the 2030 Agenda, which is the framework of this article. From an analytical perspective, the aim is to identify the main challenges posed by the conference for the private sector in its connection with South-South and triangular cooperation in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, which require multistakeholder approaches in a postpandemic context of international crisis. Three levels of challenges are identified: programmatic, operational, and general.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903008
Ninfa Fuentes Sosa, Christina Boyes
prior and ongoing land use (p. 228). These findings once again underscore the importance of social justice – in the form of environmental or climate, and increasingly energy, justice – in the governance of transboundary CPRs, such as the climate. At the same time, they underline how hard it is to facilitate such debates at the global level where CPR-related negotiations, such as those during the Conferences of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, are often disconnected from local knowledge. The value of Larsson & Päiviö Sjaunja’s work does not lie in its direct generalizability but rather in the chance to study natural resource regimes from a ‘distance’ over a long period of time. The authors’ holistic approach places natural resource management within its social, economic, and political context – as famously advocated by the Institutional Analysis and Development and Social-Ecological Systems frameworks developed by the Bloomington School of Political Economy (p. 25). Apart from the parallels that may be drawn with modern-day TEL challenges, the book shows that integrated frameworks can provide fresh insights and perspectives even when they do not constitute the ‘focal point’ of the analysis (p. 31). Hopefully this contribution provides renewed inspiration for a similar uptake by legal scholars.
{"title":"Certifying China: The Rise and Limits of Transnational Sustainability Governance in Emerging Economies , by Yixian Sun","authors":"Ninfa Fuentes Sosa, Christina Boyes","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903008","url":null,"abstract":"prior and ongoing land use (p. 228). These findings once again underscore the importance of social justice – in the form of environmental or climate, and increasingly energy, justice – in the governance of transboundary CPRs, such as the climate. At the same time, they underline how hard it is to facilitate such debates at the global level where CPR-related negotiations, such as those during the Conferences of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, are often disconnected from local knowledge. The value of Larsson & Päiviö Sjaunja’s work does not lie in its direct generalizability but rather in the chance to study natural resource regimes from a ‘distance’ over a long period of time. The authors’ holistic approach places natural resource management within its social, economic, and political context – as famously advocated by the Institutional Analysis and Development and Social-Ecological Systems frameworks developed by the Bloomington School of Political Economy (p. 25). Apart from the parallels that may be drawn with modern-day TEL challenges, the book shows that integrated frameworks can provide fresh insights and perspectives even when they do not constitute the ‘focal point’ of the analysis (p. 31). Hopefully this contribution provides renewed inspiration for a similar uptake by legal scholars.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903010
Wilfried Bolewski
{"title":"Diplomacy in Practice: A Critical Approach , by Johan Verbeke","authors":"Wilfried Bolewski","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136358817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903003
Nicholas Frank
Abstract Fifteen countries recently signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership ( RCEP ) and formed the world’s largest trade bloc between some of the globe’s largest and fastest-growing economies. Employing a text-as-data analysis, this article systematically compares the text of the RCEP to the previous agreements of its members to determine the sources of language in the RCEP and investigate why particular treaty text is replicated more frequently relative to others. The results indicate that language derived from the multiparty and multicontinental trade agreements of the United States, a state not involved in the RCEP negotiations, accounted for a disproportionate share of the finalized text. These findings highlight the temporal dimension of power asymmetries as well as the importance of treaty design itself in the diffusion of regulatory norms and suggest that specific trade agreements serve as reference points for subsequent agreements.
{"title":"Power by Proxy","authors":"Nicholas Frank","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fifteen countries recently signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership ( RCEP ) and formed the world’s largest trade bloc between some of the globe’s largest and fastest-growing economies. Employing a text-as-data analysis, this article systematically compares the text of the RCEP to the previous agreements of its members to determine the sources of language in the RCEP and investigate why particular treaty text is replicated more frequently relative to others. The results indicate that language derived from the multiparty and multicontinental trade agreements of the United States, a state not involved in the RCEP negotiations, accounted for a disproportionate share of the finalized text. These findings highlight the temporal dimension of power asymmetries as well as the importance of treaty design itself in the diffusion of regulatory norms and suggest that specific trade agreements serve as reference points for subsequent agreements.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136358387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903006
Gianluigi Negro
Abstract This article maps the evolution of the Chinese activities within the International Telecommunication Union ( ITU ), with a focus on the Chinese standard-setting experience. It analyzes three different moments of the ITU -China standard-setting history: Audio Video Coding Standards ( AVS ) from 2002 to 2007; TD - SCDMA and TD - LTE standards from 1998 to 2013; and 5G standards from 2012 to 2013. The study contributes to the literature, first, by demonstrating that China- ITU relations have been useful to China to support the shift from norm taker to norm maker into the standard-setting process through techno-nationalism in the case of AVS , techno-globalism in the case of TD - SCDMA and TD - LTE , and neo-techno-globalism in the case of 5G. Second, it highlights how China benefited from its ITU presence to improve its abilities in lobbying for promoting new standards globally. Third, it highlights the ITU ’s role as actor, arena, and antenna in the field of techno-diplomacy and standards’ definition.
{"title":"China and the ITU","authors":"Gianluigi Negro","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article maps the evolution of the Chinese activities within the International Telecommunication Union ( ITU ), with a focus on the Chinese standard-setting experience. It analyzes three different moments of the ITU -China standard-setting history: Audio Video Coding Standards ( AVS ) from 2002 to 2007; TD - SCDMA and TD - LTE standards from 1998 to 2013; and 5G standards from 2012 to 2013. The study contributes to the literature, first, by demonstrating that China- ITU relations have been useful to China to support the shift from norm taker to norm maker into the standard-setting process through techno-nationalism in the case of AVS , techno-globalism in the case of TD - SCDMA and TD - LTE , and neo-techno-globalism in the case of 5G. Second, it highlights how China benefited from its ITU presence to improve its abilities in lobbying for promoting new standards globally. Third, it highlights the ITU ’s role as actor, arena, and antenna in the field of techno-diplomacy and standards’ definition.","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1163/19426720-02903009
Matias Esteban Ilivitzky
{"title":"Unmapping the 21st Century: Between Networks and the State , by Nicholas Michelsen and Neville Bolt","authors":"Matias Esteban Ilivitzky","doi":"10.1163/19426720-02903009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02903009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47262,"journal":{"name":"Global Governance","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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