Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2023.2170234
S. E. Robbins
Abstract The serious import of Gibson’s statement warning that physics “abstractions” of space and time “are not appropriate to psychology,” has not been understood. Underlying the space and time of physics is a largely unexamined metaphysic, what can be termed the “classic” (or spatial) metaphysic. This metaphysic is what Gibson implicitly rejected. His concept of direct perception, and necessarily then, direct memory, rely on, in fact, require, an alternative metaphysic of space and time for their understandability – what can be termed a “temporal metaphysic,” a framework which was explicitly developed by Bergson in Matter and Memory.
{"title":"Gibson and Time: The Temporal Framework of Direct Perception","authors":"S. E. Robbins","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2023.2170234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2023.2170234","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The serious import of Gibson’s statement warning that physics “abstractions” of space and time “are not appropriate to psychology,” has not been understood. Underlying the space and time of physics is a largely unexamined metaphysic, what can be termed the “classic” (or spatial) metaphysic. This metaphysic is what Gibson implicitly rejected. His concept of direct perception, and necessarily then, direct memory, rely on, in fact, require, an alternative metaphysic of space and time for their understandability – what can be termed a “temporal metaphysic,” a framework which was explicitly developed by Bergson in Matter and Memory.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41544100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-20DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2147838
Balagopal Raveendranath, C. Pagano, Moloud Nasiri, Andrew C. Robb, Sabarish V. Babu
Abstract Planar, orthogonal structures are very common in man-made environments. We often interact with rectangular structures such as doors and walls in our environment. When a rigid, rectangular structure rotates about a pivot axis, there is information in the ambient optic array, that specifies what the rotating structure affords to the observer. Previous studies identified optical information available to detect the position of the axis of rotation of rotating panels and the current study empirically verifies that observers are sensitive to that information. In one desktop-based experiment and two immersive virtual reality experiments, participants indicated the location of the pivot axis of a rotating panel, as quickly and accurately as possible. Factors like texture on the panel, texture on the background, position of axis of rotation, and linear velocity of the farthest edge from the pivot axis were manipulated. Results indicate that participants were sensitive to texture information associated with invariants specifying the axis of rotation. The results suggest the importance of texture information in vision and how optical invariants help us to directly perceive affordances in built environments.
{"title":"Effect of Texture on the Perception of Axis of Rotation of Rotating Panels","authors":"Balagopal Raveendranath, C. Pagano, Moloud Nasiri, Andrew C. Robb, Sabarish V. Babu","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2147838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2147838","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Planar, orthogonal structures are very common in man-made environments. We often interact with rectangular structures such as doors and walls in our environment. When a rigid, rectangular structure rotates about a pivot axis, there is information in the ambient optic array, that specifies what the rotating structure affords to the observer. Previous studies identified optical information available to detect the position of the axis of rotation of rotating panels and the current study empirically verifies that observers are sensitive to that information. In one desktop-based experiment and two immersive virtual reality experiments, participants indicated the location of the pivot axis of a rotating panel, as quickly and accurately as possible. Factors like texture on the panel, texture on the background, position of axis of rotation, and linear velocity of the farthest edge from the pivot axis were manipulated. Results indicate that participants were sensitive to texture information associated with invariants specifying the axis of rotation. The results suggest the importance of texture information in vision and how optical invariants help us to directly perceive affordances in built environments.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2125393
Lola Tran Van, C. Berthelon, J. Navarro, Cedric Goulon, G. Montagne
Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the behavior of older people when intercepting a moving gap, with reference to that produced by younger people. Participants were asked to intercept a moving inter-vehicular space within a train of vehicles, by modulating their speed if necessary. Five initial distances to the interception location were manipulated (Offset), without the knowledge of the participants, requiring distinct speed regulations. The analyses focused on displacements kinematics as well as on the associated visual information taking strategies. The results indicate several similarities in the behaviors produced by two populations. Functional speed regulations are initiated early and persist until the interception. These regulations allow for safe interception. The visual strategies deployed by the older participants are also relatively close to those of the younger participants, with the main areas of interest located on the vehicles located upstream of the interval. The results also reveal differences between the two populations. The regulations produced by older drivers are initiated late in negative Offset giving rise to some extent to unsafe behavior. These results are discussed in relation to the decrease in motion detection thresholds with age. Our dataset could be particularly useful in view of the design of driver assistance systems for older drivers.
{"title":"Perceptual-Motor Regulations and Visual Exploration Strategies Allowing Older Drivers to Intercept a Moving Inter-Vehicular Gap","authors":"Lola Tran Van, C. Berthelon, J. Navarro, Cedric Goulon, G. Montagne","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2125393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2125393","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the behavior of older people when intercepting a moving gap, with reference to that produced by younger people. Participants were asked to intercept a moving inter-vehicular space within a train of vehicles, by modulating their speed if necessary. Five initial distances to the interception location were manipulated (Offset), without the knowledge of the participants, requiring distinct speed regulations. The analyses focused on displacements kinematics as well as on the associated visual information taking strategies. The results indicate several similarities in the behaviors produced by two populations. Functional speed regulations are initiated early and persist until the interception. These regulations allow for safe interception. The visual strategies deployed by the older participants are also relatively close to those of the younger participants, with the main areas of interest located on the vehicles located upstream of the interval. The results also reveal differences between the two populations. The regulations produced by older drivers are initiated late in negative Offset giving rise to some extent to unsafe behavior. These results are discussed in relation to the decrease in motion detection thresholds with age. Our dataset could be particularly useful in view of the design of driver assistance systems for older drivers.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48796370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2120397
D. Postma, Martijn B. Wieling, K. Lemmink, F. Zaal
Abstract The present study examined the kinematics of maximal effort sprint running, mapping the relations among a person’s maximal running speed, maximum running acceleration and the distance coverable in a certain amount of time by this person. Thirty-three participants were recruited to perform a simple sprint task. Both forward and backward running were considered. Participants’ position, velocity and acceleration data were obtained using a Local Positioning Measurement system. Participants’ speed-acceleration profiles turned out to be markedly non-linear. To account for these non-linear patterns, we propose a new macroscopic model on the kinematics of sprint running. Second, we examined whether target distance was of influence on the evolution of participants’ running speeds over time. Overall, no such effect on running velocity was present, except for a ‘finish-line effect’. Finally, we studied how variation in individuals’ maximum running velocities and accelerations related to differences in their action boundaries. The findings are discussed in the context of affordance-based control in running to catch fly balls.
{"title":"Distance over Time in a Maximal Sprint: Understanding Athletes’ Action Boundaries in Sprinting","authors":"D. Postma, Martijn B. Wieling, K. Lemmink, F. Zaal","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2120397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2120397","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study examined the kinematics of maximal effort sprint running, mapping the relations among a person’s maximal running speed, maximum running acceleration and the distance coverable in a certain amount of time by this person. Thirty-three participants were recruited to perform a simple sprint task. Both forward and backward running were considered. Participants’ position, velocity and acceleration data were obtained using a Local Positioning Measurement system. Participants’ speed-acceleration profiles turned out to be markedly non-linear. To account for these non-linear patterns, we propose a new macroscopic model on the kinematics of sprint running. Second, we examined whether target distance was of influence on the evolution of participants’ running speeds over time. Overall, no such effect on running velocity was present, except for a ‘finish-line effect’. Finally, we studied how variation in individuals’ maximum running velocities and accelerations related to differences in their action boundaries. The findings are discussed in the context of affordance-based control in running to catch fly balls.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-23DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2086460
A. M. Jeschke, S. Caljouw, F. Zaal, R. Withagen
Abstract Earlier studies revealed that children prefer nonstandardized jumping stone configurations to standardized ones. In the present study, we examined whether children playing on jumping stones prefer variation in stone height, stone size, and/or gap width. In Experiment 1, children could play freely on one standardized configuration and three configurations in which one of the aforementioned factors was varied. It was found that children judged the variation in height as most fun. Yet, the configuration with gap width variation appeared to be most challenging for the children—most overground steps were made in this configuration. In Experiment 2, we examined whether the attractiveness of the configurations increased when height variation was combined with the other forms of variation. Adding size and/or gap width variation to the variation in height did not contribute to the attractiveness of the configuration. In line with experiment 1, it was found that the configurations with gap width variation were judged as the most challenging for children. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of the literature on play.
{"title":"Height, Size, and/or Gap Width Variation in Jumping Stone Configurations: Which Form of Variation Attracts Children the Most?","authors":"A. M. Jeschke, S. Caljouw, F. Zaal, R. Withagen","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2086460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2086460","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Earlier studies revealed that children prefer nonstandardized jumping stone configurations to standardized ones. In the present study, we examined whether children playing on jumping stones prefer variation in stone height, stone size, and/or gap width. In Experiment 1, children could play freely on one standardized configuration and three configurations in which one of the aforementioned factors was varied. It was found that children judged the variation in height as most fun. Yet, the configuration with gap width variation appeared to be most challenging for the children—most overground steps were made in this configuration. In Experiment 2, we examined whether the attractiveness of the configurations increased when height variation was combined with the other forms of variation. Adding size and/or gap width variation to the variation in height did not contribute to the attractiveness of the configuration. In line with experiment 1, it was found that the configurations with gap width variation were judged as the most challenging for children. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of the literature on play.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43208101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2086461
L. F. García-Salazar, M. Pacheco, C. Alcantara, T. Russo, N. Pereira
Abstract This study aimed to assess the effect of the Lower Extremity Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (LE-CIMT) intervention on the intra-limb hip-knee coordination and its variability in walking in chronic post-stroke individuals considering the lenses of the dynamic systems approach to motor behavior. Twelve chronic post-stroke individuals received the LE-CIMT intervention for 10 days following all protocol’s recommendations and designed according to individuals’ needs. Before, three days, and 30 days after the intervention, angular kinematics in the sagittal plane of the trunk, hip and knee of both extremities were analyzed. We analyzed joint angles for swing and stance phases of walking, and the intra-limb coordination of hip-knee joints through the vector coding technique. For separate joint angular kinematics, we found differences between affected extremities but no effects of the intervention. However, we observed changes in intra-limb coordination pattern as a function of increased variability after intervention and increased stability at follow-up. These changes follow the predicted pattern from the dynamic systems approach to motor behavior. The immediate decreased stability of the initial pattern could be due to the active exploration of space solution offered by the LE-CIMT and, posteriorly, the stability increased after finding new movement solutions in the real-life environment.
{"title":"Lower Extremity Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Increase Variability in the Intra-Limb Coordination during Walking in Chronic Post-Stroke","authors":"L. F. García-Salazar, M. Pacheco, C. Alcantara, T. Russo, N. Pereira","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2086461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2086461","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to assess the effect of the Lower Extremity Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (LE-CIMT) intervention on the intra-limb hip-knee coordination and its variability in walking in chronic post-stroke individuals considering the lenses of the dynamic systems approach to motor behavior. Twelve chronic post-stroke individuals received the LE-CIMT intervention for 10 days following all protocol’s recommendations and designed according to individuals’ needs. Before, three days, and 30 days after the intervention, angular kinematics in the sagittal plane of the trunk, hip and knee of both extremities were analyzed. We analyzed joint angles for swing and stance phases of walking, and the intra-limb coordination of hip-knee joints through the vector coding technique. For separate joint angular kinematics, we found differences between affected extremities but no effects of the intervention. However, we observed changes in intra-limb coordination pattern as a function of increased variability after intervention and increased stability at follow-up. These changes follow the predicted pattern from the dynamic systems approach to motor behavior. The immediate decreased stability of the initial pattern could be due to the active exploration of space solution offered by the LE-CIMT and, posteriorly, the stability increased after finding new movement solutions in the real-life environment.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48629652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-16DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2075748
P. Passos, E. Lacasa, J. Milho, A. Diniz, C. Torrents
Abstract In the last decades, previous research regarding interpersonal synergies formation has emerged under the Uncontrolled Manifold concept, identifying synergies formation based on a single combination of task elements. However, in social systems with redundant degrees of freedom, several combinations to stabilize a performance goal may be the most common picture. Thus, the main goal of this explorative study was to create a “portrait” of a set of task elements combinations (i.e., player’s positions and velocities) adopted to stabilize a performance goal (i.e., interpersonal distance) in expert badminton doubles, which is usually associated with synergies formation. The Uncontrolled Manifold concept was used for that purpose. Our results displayed that the created “portraits” did not display any pattern of interpersonal synergies. Moreover, for all the portraits there were combinations of task elements that had the primacy over the others. A primacy that changed with the rally length. For the shortest and for the longest rallies, the player’s velocity seemed to be more relevant to form interpersonal synergies, whereas for the middle length, both the player’s position and velocity were important for that purpose. Also, there were a decreasing of synergies strength with the increasing of the rally length.
{"title":"How to Take a “Portrait” of Interpersonal Synergies Formation? – Exemplar Data with Expert Badminton Doubles","authors":"P. Passos, E. Lacasa, J. Milho, A. Diniz, C. Torrents","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2075748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2075748","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the last decades, previous research regarding interpersonal synergies formation has emerged under the Uncontrolled Manifold concept, identifying synergies formation based on a single combination of task elements. However, in social systems with redundant degrees of freedom, several combinations to stabilize a performance goal may be the most common picture. Thus, the main goal of this explorative study was to create a “portrait” of a set of task elements combinations (i.e., player’s positions and velocities) adopted to stabilize a performance goal (i.e., interpersonal distance) in expert badminton doubles, which is usually associated with synergies formation. The Uncontrolled Manifold concept was used for that purpose. Our results displayed that the created “portraits” did not display any pattern of interpersonal synergies. Moreover, for all the portraits there were combinations of task elements that had the primacy over the others. A primacy that changed with the rally length. For the shortest and for the longest rallies, the player’s velocity seemed to be more relevant to form interpersonal synergies, whereas for the middle length, both the player’s position and velocity were important for that purpose. Also, there were a decreasing of synergies strength with the increasing of the rally length.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44209933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2055473
T. Dunn, Douglas M. Jones, J. Heaney
Abstract Human cognition unfolds in a multitude of environments, including those that are associated with extreme stressors. Successfully measuring and modeling behaviors in such environments is inherently difficult. The current effort aimed to assess variation in stability and flexibility of cognitive performance during cold stress, individual differences in errors, and physiological correlates. Fifty-seven service members completed cold water immersion during winter months. Individuals were required to immerse themselves in an outdoor pond for 10 minutes, reclothe into dry clothing, and attempt to rewarm. Simple reaction time and match-to-sample tasks were completed throughout the 90 minute procedure. To assess response stability, sample entropy was computed for the response time time-series of each task. Hierarchical clustering applied to sample entropy values identified two clusters of individuals. One highly affected group demonstrated low stability and weak flexibility by way of higher autocorrelation and more omission errors, and had lower hand temperature pre- and post-immersion. Results are discussed within the context of cold stress, adaptive behaviors, and cold stress.
{"title":"Cold Entropy: Assessing Individual Differences in Cognitive Adaptability during Cold Stress","authors":"T. Dunn, Douglas M. Jones, J. Heaney","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2055473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2055473","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human cognition unfolds in a multitude of environments, including those that are associated with extreme stressors. Successfully measuring and modeling behaviors in such environments is inherently difficult. The current effort aimed to assess variation in stability and flexibility of cognitive performance during cold stress, individual differences in errors, and physiological correlates. Fifty-seven service members completed cold water immersion during winter months. Individuals were required to immerse themselves in an outdoor pond for 10 minutes, reclothe into dry clothing, and attempt to rewarm. Simple reaction time and match-to-sample tasks were completed throughout the 90 minute procedure. To assess response stability, sample entropy was computed for the response time time-series of each task. Hierarchical clustering applied to sample entropy values identified two clusters of individuals. One highly affected group demonstrated low stability and weak flexibility by way of higher autocorrelation and more omission errors, and had lower hand temperature pre- and post-immersion. Results are discussed within the context of cold stress, adaptive behaviors, and cold stress.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46854814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2022.2035225
A. Hajnal, Tyler Surber, Tyler Overstreet, Hannah L Masoner, Catherine Dowell, A. Funkhouser, J. Shelley-Tremblay, K. Samu
Abstract Body movements during perceptual tasks can be considered as exploratory activity that facilitate perception. In the present study we tested whether the complexity of postural sway is related to perception of affordances. Effort-to-compress (ETC), a novel measure of complexity, was shown to be related to perception as compared to gross measures of body sway (mean magnitude and variability). Specifically, complexity was related to perceptual responses in a behavioral task (judge “standonableness” of sloped terrain), but not when numerical angle judgments of slope were solicited. Furthermore, ETC was extreme at the action boundary of standonableness whereas magnitude and variability of body sway were not. This provides further evidence that the purpose of perception is to guide meaningful behavior (perceive affordances) via active exploration, and not to estimate abstract numerical quantities such as slope angles of ramps. We concluded that moving the body in ways that produces complex exploratory activity is necessary to perceive affordances.
{"title":"Complex Postural Sway is Related to Perception of Stand-on-Ability","authors":"A. Hajnal, Tyler Surber, Tyler Overstreet, Hannah L Masoner, Catherine Dowell, A. Funkhouser, J. Shelley-Tremblay, K. Samu","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2022.2035225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2022.2035225","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Body movements during perceptual tasks can be considered as exploratory activity that facilitate perception. In the present study we tested whether the complexity of postural sway is related to perception of affordances. Effort-to-compress (ETC), a novel measure of complexity, was shown to be related to perception as compared to gross measures of body sway (mean magnitude and variability). Specifically, complexity was related to perceptual responses in a behavioral task (judge “standonableness” of sloped terrain), but not when numerical angle judgments of slope were solicited. Furthermore, ETC was extreme at the action boundary of standonableness whereas magnitude and variability of body sway were not. This provides further evidence that the purpose of perception is to guide meaningful behavior (perceive affordances) via active exploration, and not to estimate abstract numerical quantities such as slope angles of ramps. We concluded that moving the body in ways that produces complex exploratory activity is necessary to perceive affordances.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44311657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2021.1965479
C. Johnson, S. Eagle, A. LaGoy, A. Sinnott, G. Pepping, Chris Connaboy
Abstract Over a large body of literature focused on perceptual-motor coordination for action-based affordance tasks, little regard has been given for measurement reliability. The purpose of this paper was to outline this issue and provide an example reliability study for a measure of an individual’s ability to perceive action opportunities for leaping. Ten participants completed three testing sessions, each consisting of 24 trials of the task. Reaction times and accuracy of perceptual responses were calculated. Analysis of variance was used to test for systematic mean changes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV) were used to quantify intersession agreement and within-subject variability. With the removal of six trials for familiarization, acceptable agreement (ICC= 0.930) and within-subject variability (CV= 9.5%) were established, using six further testing trials. Overall, this paper provides the rationale and simple methods for addressing measurement reliability in perceptual-motor coordination research.
{"title":"Establishing and Applying Measurement Reliability in Perceptual-Motor Coordination Tasks","authors":"C. Johnson, S. Eagle, A. LaGoy, A. Sinnott, G. Pepping, Chris Connaboy","doi":"10.1080/10407413.2021.1965479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2021.1965479","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over a large body of literature focused on perceptual-motor coordination for action-based affordance tasks, little regard has been given for measurement reliability. The purpose of this paper was to outline this issue and provide an example reliability study for a measure of an individual’s ability to perceive action opportunities for leaping. Ten participants completed three testing sessions, each consisting of 24 trials of the task. Reaction times and accuracy of perceptual responses were calculated. Analysis of variance was used to test for systematic mean changes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV) were used to quantify intersession agreement and within-subject variability. With the removal of six trials for familiarization, acceptable agreement (ICC= 0.930) and within-subject variability (CV= 9.5%) were established, using six further testing trials. Overall, this paper provides the rationale and simple methods for addressing measurement reliability in perceptual-motor coordination research.","PeriodicalId":47279,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47610260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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